完形填空 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Sending E-mails to Professors
One student skipped class and then sent the professor an e-mail 1 for copies of her teaching notes.
Another 2 that she was late for a Monday class because she was recovering from drinking too much at a wild weekend party.
At colleges and universities in the US, e-mail has made professors more approachable (平易近人). But many say it has made them too accessible, 3 boundaries that traditionally kept students at a healthy distance.
These days, professors say, students seem to view them as available 4 the clock, sending a steady stream of informal e-mails.
"The tone that they take in e-mails is pretty astounding (令人吃惊的) ," said Michael Kessler, an assistant dean at Georgetown University. "They'll 5 you to help: 'I need to know this. '"
"There's a fine 6 between meeting their needs and at the same time maintaining a level of legitimacy (正统性) as an 7 who is in charge. "
Christopher Dede, a professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, said 8 show that students no longer defer to (听众) their professors, perhaps because they realize that professors' 9 could rapidly become outdated.
"The deference was driven by the 10 that professors were all-knowing sources of deep knowledge," Dede said, and that notion has 11 .
For junior faculty members, e-mails bring new tension into their work, some say, as they struggle with how to 12 . Their job prospects, they realize, may rest in part on student evaluations of their accessibility.
College students say e-mail makes 13 easier to ask questions and helps them learn.
But they seem unaware that what they write in e-mails could have negative effects 14 them, said Alexandra Lahav, an associate professor of Law at the University of Connecticut.
She recalled an e-mail message from a student saying that he planned to miss class so he could play with his son. Professor Lahav did not respond.
"Such e-mails can have consequences," she said. "Students don't understand that 15 they say in e-mail can make them seem unprofessional, and could result in a bad recommendation. " Pretty Good
When Spanish football club Barcelona paid US $35 million for Ronaldinho last summer, they weren't buying a pretty face. "I am 16 ," admits the Brazilian superstar (超级明星). "But everyone has got a different kind of beauty. What I 17 have is charm. "
Indeed he has. His buck teeth (龅牙), flowing hair, big smile, and of course his 18 skills are always eye-catching on the pitch. The 23-year-old striker (中锋) scored two goals in a 3-2 win over Deportivo La Coruna on March 1. It was Barcelona's sixth win in a row and, thanks to their Brazilian's 10-goal contribution, 19 looked like a poor season could now end a success.
Ronaldinho-full name Ronaldo De Assis Moreira-is one of many South Americans who learned their skills playing in the backstreets before 20 them off on the world stage.
Great things were 21 when Gremio signed him as a seven-year-old, and he soon became friends with Ronaldo, who was then the other young star of Brazilian football. It was Ronaldo who first called him Ronaldinho, which 22 Little Ronaldo.
He first 23 for his country in 1999 but it was at the 2002 World Cup where he showed his real worth, scoring an unbelievable free-kick in Brazil's quarter-final victory 24 England.
"I have never failed to deliver in big matches," Ronaldinho says. "My game is based on improvisation (即兴表演). Often a forward does not have the time to decide whether to shoot or 25 . It is instinct that gives out the orders. "
While he may not have David Beckham's good looks, Ronaldinho has a 26 reputation off the pitch. At former club Paris Saint Germain, which sold him to Barcelona, he broke 27 rules by going out and enjoying the city's nightlife. "Without doubt, Ronaldinho is the most 28 player I have ever come across," says former PSG coach Luis Ferdandez. "The main 29 for any coach is that one player without discipline can hurt the whole team. "
But Ronaldinho doesn't think he has done anything wrong. "I am just a young person who enjoys 30 ," he says. Man of Few Words
Everyone chases success, but not all of us want to be famous.
South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is 31 for keeping himself to himself. When the 63-year-old was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature earlier this month, reporters were warned that they would find him " particularly difficult to 32 ".
Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the University of Chicago. He seemed 33 by the news that he won the U. S. $1.3 million prize. "It came as a complete surprise. I wasn't even aware they were due to make the announcement," he said.
His 34 of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend the prize-giving in Stockholm, Sweden, on December 10.
But despite being described as 35 to track down, the critics agree that his writing is easy to get to know.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa, to an English-speaking family, Coetzee 36 his breakthrough in 1980 with the novel "Waiting for the Barbarians (野蛮人)". He 37 his place among the world's leading writers with two Booker prize victories, Britain's highest honour for novels. He first 38 in 1983 for the "Life and Times of Michael K", and his second title came in 1999 for "Disgrace".
A major theme in his work is South Africa's former apartheid (种族隔离) system, which divided whites from blacks. 39 with the problems of violence, crime and racial division that still exist in the country, his books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid 40 within.
"I have always been more interested in the past than the future," he said in a rare interview. "The past 41 its shadow over the present. I hope I have made one or two people think 42 about whether they want to forget the past completely. "
In fact this purity in his writing seems to be 43 in his personal life. Coetzee is a vegetarian, a cyclist rather than a motorist and doesn't drink alcohol.
But what he has 44 to literature, culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up. "In looking at weakness and failure in life," the Nobel prize judging panel said, "Coetzee's work 45 the divine (神圣的) spark in man. " Less Is More
It sounds all wrong--drilling holes in a piece of wood to make it more resistant to knocks. But it works because the energy from the blow gets distributed throughout the wood rather than focusing on one weak spot. The discovery should lead to more effective and lighter packaging materials.
Carpenters have known 46 centuries that some woods are tougher than others. Hickory (山核桃木), for example, was turned into axe handles and cartwheel spokes (轮辐) because it can absorb shocks without breaking. White oak, for example, is much more easily damaged, 47 it is almost as dense. Julian Vincent at Bathe University and his team were convinced the wood's internal structure could explain the differences.
Many trees have tubular (管的) vessels that run 48 the trunk and carry water to the leaves. In oak they are large, and arranged in narrow bands, but in hickory they are smaller, and more evenly distributed. The researchers 49 this layout might distribute a blow's energy throughout the wood, soaking up a bigger hit. To test the idea, they drilled holes 0.65 millimetres across into a block of spruce (云杉), a wood with 50 vessels, and found that 51 with stood a harder knock. 52 when there were more than about 30 holes per square centimetre did the wood's performance drop off.
A uniform substance doesn't cope well with knocks because only a small proportion of the material is actually 53 . All the energy from the blow goes towards breaking the material in one or two places, but often the pieces left 54 are pristine (未经破坏的).
But instead of the energy being concentrated in one place, the holes provide many weak spots that all absorb energy as they break, says Vincent. "You are controlling the places 55 the wood breaks, and it can then absorb more 56 , more safely. "
The researchers believe the principle could be applied to any material-- 57 example, to manufacture lighter and more protective packaging. It could 58 be used in car bumpers, crash barriers and arm our for military vehicles, says Ulrike Wegst, 59 the Max Plank Institute for Mental Research in Stuttgart. But she emphasizes that you 60 to design the substance with the direction of force in mind. "The direction of loading is crucial," she says. 
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题