Part Ⅰ Writing Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My Idea on How for Beijing to Prepare the 2008 Olympic Games. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. My Idea on How for Beijing to Prepare the 2008 Olympic Games 1. 简述北京目前准备2008奥运会的情况; 2. 北京2008奥运会筹备过程中尚存在的问题; 3. 我对北京如何办好这次奥运会的建议
My Idea on How for Beijing to Prepare the 2008 Olympic Games As a young student (cadre, engineer, technician), I am an active citizen in greeting the 2008 Olympic Games. As its host, Beijing is now busy in propagating for its advent. Since it is the first time for Beijing to host such a world gathering, we are naturally short of experience. And since it involves so many aspects, the whole nation should be mobilized to participate in actively. In facing the task, I have got some suggestions for its success: First, tours should be organized to go over the places such games have been held before to learn their positive experience. Secondly, architectural qualities and financial contributions should be stressed to promote its success. Thirdly, careful calculations of costs and expenditures has to be done so as to avoid waste. Though I am just a small potato, I wish my suggestion would win due attention from the authorities concerned.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8—10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Academic Freedom refers to the right of teachers and researchers, particularly in colleges and universities, to investigate their respective fields of knowledge and express their views without fear of restraint or dismissal from office. The right rests on the assumption that open and free inquiry within a teacher's or researcher's field of study is essential to the pursuit of knowledge and to the performance of his or her proper educational function. At present this right is observed generally in countries in which education is regarded as a means not only of pouring in established views but also of enlarging the existing body of knowledge. The concept of academic freedom implies also that a teacher's employment depends primarily on the competence of teachers in their fields rather than on irrelevant considerations such as political or religious beliefs or attachments. The concept and practice of academic freedom, as recognized presently in Western civilization, date roughly from the 17th century. Before the 17th century, intellectual activities at universities were restricted largely by theological considerations, and opinions or conclusions that conflicted with religious doctrines were likely to be condemned as heretical. In the late 17th century the work of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense. Their writings demonstrated the need for unlimited inquiry in the sciences and for a general approach to learning unrestrained by preconceptions of any kind. In the 18th and 19th centuries, universities in Western Europe and the United States enjoyed increasing academic freedom as acceptance of the experimental methods of the sciences became more widespread and as control of institutions by religious denominations became less rigorous. In Britain, however, religious tests for graduation, fellowships, and teaching positions were not abolished until the late 19th century. During the second half of the 20th century academic freedom was recognized broadly in most Western countries. However, violations of the right increased as dictatorship emerged in various countries, notably in Germany, Italy, and Russia. Educators in Italy were forced to pledge support to the Fascist regime. Similar restrictions, including the teaching of racist theories in some fields, were enforced in German universities under National Socialism. Violations of academic freedom also occurred in the United States in the 20th century. A notable example was the Scopes trial, held in Dayton, Tennessee, in 1925. A high school teacher was accused and convicted of violating a state law that forbade the teaching of the theory of evolution in the public schools. This legislation was abolished in 1967. In the early 1950s, largely because of congressional investigations of communism in the U. S. , many institutions of higher learning adopted regulations requiring loyalty oaths from university teachers. Some of these oaths, insofar as they were required only of teachers, were declared unconstitutional in some state courts. All professional associations of teachers and administrators, including the Nation al Education Association, the American Association of Colleges, and the American Association of University Professors, are opposed to special loyalty oaths and to all violations of academic freedom. The 1960s and early 1970s were marked by protest and violence on college campuses over United States involvement in the war in Vietnam. In some places professors were dismissed or arrested for pro testing American participation in the war. This turmoil reached a tragic climax in 1970 with the killing of several students during campus demonstrations. In the long run, however, these disturbances led to a broad recognition of the legitimate concerns of students about the quality of higher education, and of the responsibility of universities, rather than the public or the government, to maintain essential academic order. By 1973, when U. S. troops were withdrawn from Vietnam, a general growth in higher education was under way. Significant increase in enrollments and expansion of faculties, as well as a broadening of the makeup of both student and faculty populations, contributed to a vast enrichment of the academic curriculum, to increasing faculty control over the content of programs, and, overall, to the enhancement of the freedom to teach and to learn in colleges and universities. Beginning in the early 1970s in the United States(and somewhat later in other countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom), however, institutions of higher education were faced with serious financial problems which also harmed academic freedom. For example, the rise in irregular faculty appointments, intended to save money, created a virtual underclass of teachers lacking the employment security generally considered necessary for the exercise of academic freedom. Threats to and violations of academic freedom continued in the 1980s. The U. S. government, in the name of national security, imposed severe restraints on the publication of research results. The influence of resurgent religious conservatism was felt in some areas in effort to introduce religious teachings in elementary and secondary schools, and in limits on free expression at church-affiliated colleges and universities.
1. According to the passage, academic freedom is the right of researching and expressing that only be longs to students.
N
由首段首句提到：“Academic Freedom refers to the right of teachers and researchers...”，所以本题答案为N。
2. The concept, accademic freedom, construed a teacher's employment depends mainly on political or religious beliefs or attachments.
N
第一段最后一句提到：“The concept of academic freedom implies also that a teacher's employment depends primarily on the competence of teachers in their fields rather than on irrelevant considerations such as...”，由此可知本题答案为“N”。
3. In the 18th and 19th centuries, universities in western Europe and United States enjoyed increasing academic freedom because of acceptance of the experimental methods of the sciences.
Y
迅速在文章中找到“18th”和“19th”这两个关键词，发现第二段中提到“In the 18th and 19th centuries，universities in western Europe and the United States enjoyed increasing academic freedom as acceptance of the experimental...”。由此可知本题答案为“Y”。
4. Violation of academic freedom emerged in Germany, Italy and Russia in 20th century.
Y
文中第三段提到“...,violations of the right increased as dictatorship emerged in various countries，notably in Germany，Italy，and Russia”，所以本题答案为“Y”。
5. There was no violations of accademic freedom in U.S. in 20th century.
N
文中第四段首句“Violations also occurred in the united states in the 20th century,”由此可知，本题答案为“N”。
6. Accademic freedom, performed well in China, is thought as the right of natural.
NG
文中没有涉及此内容。
7. The U.S. government has done a series of restrictions on the publication of academic papers.
NG
文中没有涉及此内容。
8. During the second half of the 20th century academic freedom was recognized broadly in ______.
most western countries
9. In the early 1950s, largely because of ______, many institutions of higher learning adopted regulations requiring loyalty oaths from university teachers.
congressional investigations of communism in the U. S.
10. ______ was felt in some areas in effort to introduce religious teachings in elementary and secondary schools.
The influence of resurgent religious conservatism.
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] W1 Did you hear the weather report for today? W2 The pollution's going to be so had they recommend staying indoors. Q: What are speakers discussing?
[解析] M: Don't you think Bob should go into engineering--I mean, he's so good at math. W: He'll have to decide that for himself. Q: What does the woman say about Bob?
这是四级听力题中征求对方意见的题型，关键在于把握被征求者的回答。“to decide that for himself”是“自己决定”的意思，与之相吻合的只有选项B。
4.
A.Read the newspaper while he waits.
B.Help the woman with her correspondence.
C.Mail the letter from the lobby.
D.Get some stationery for the woman.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: I'll be ready in a few minutes. I have to finish up this letter. M: OK, I'll go down to the lobby for a paper. Q: What will the man probably do?
这是四级听力题中常常考到的判断说话者将要做什么或正在做什么的题型。解答这类题型的关键在于抓住对话当中出现的动词词组。在这道题里，则是：“finish up this letter”(写完这封信)和“go down to the lobby for a paper”(到休息室里找份报纸看，其中paper是newspaper的简称)。
5.
A.She's ready to exhibit her artwork.
B.She's planning to go to the exhibit.
C.She wants to see the man's prints.
D.She expects to publish an article next month.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Did you see this article on the exhibit of eighteenth-century prints that opened today? W: Yes, and I've already bought a ticket to see it next month. Q: What does the woman mean?
这也是四级听力题中常常考到的判断说话者将要做什么或正在做什么的题型。解答的关键还是在于把握对话中出现的动词词组，“already bought a ticket”意思是“已经买了一张票”，因而可以判断W打算去看这场关于18世纪版画的展览。
6.
A.The man should come back later.
B.The man must complete some paperwork.
C.The man's application has been misplaced.
D.The man is not qualified of the job.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: I'd like to apply for the part-time job. W: Fine. Just fill out this form. Someone will be with you in a moment. Q: What does the woman mean?
“fill in”和“fill out”是四级听力考试中经常会遇到的词组，意思是“填写(表格等)”。“fill out this form”意思是“填写这张表格”，也就是说M必须做些书面工作。
7.
A.Their appointment is not until tomorrow.
B.The professor is waiting for their call.
C.They should call the professor after the meeting.
D.They should wait until the next day.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: It's ten o'clock. Is that too late for us to call Professor Brown about the student council meeting? M: Let's hold off till tomorrow. Q: What does the man mean?
这是四级听力考试中征求对方意见或建议的题型，重点在于把握住被征求意见者的回答。“hold of till tomorrow”意思是“推迟到明天”，与之吻合的只有选项D。
8.
A.She picked Dan up after his driver's test.
B.Dan got the book for her.
C.Dan will help her study.
D.She thinks Dan passed the driver's test.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Did you get a study manual for your driver's test? W: I had Dan pick one up for me. Q: What does the woman mean?
[解析] 19-22 M: Math Department, Dr. Webster speaking. W: Hello, Professor Webster. This is Janet Hill calling. I live two doors down from your teaching assistant, Don Williams. Don asked me to call you because he's lost his voice and can't talk to you himself. M: Lost his voice? That's too bad. Is there anything I can do for him? W: Well, he has a class this afternoon from two-thirty to four, and he won't be able to make it. But he doesn't want to cancel it either. M: Does he want me to try to find somebody else to teach it? W: No, not exactly. What he wants to do is get someone to go in for him--just to pass back the midterm exams. He's already marked them, and they're on the desk in his office. The whole thing wouldn't take more than.., oh, ten minutes or so. M: Two-thirty, you say? Well, I'm free then, and I was going to be on campus anyway, so I could do it for him. Where's his class? W: Carter Hall, room two-fourteen. Will you need his office key to get the exams? I could bring it to you. M: Well, actually, that won't be necessary. We have a master key in the Math Department. so I can get into his office. W: Thank you, Professor Webster. M: My pleasure. W: Don doesn't have another class to teach until Thursday, and hopefully he'll be able to talk by then. He'll call you as soon as he can. Oh, and.., uh... I almost forgot... M: Yes? W: Could you put the next assignment on the board too? They should solve the equations at the end of chapter eight, and that's due at the next class. M: Okay. No trouble at all. Thanks. for the news about Don, and tell him not to worry about this. 19. What is Don's problem?
“lose one's voice”意思是“失声，说不出话”。这段电话对话里面曾两次提到“lost his voice”。而且后面还有一句提示话语“he' ll be able to talk by then”(那时他就能说话了)，可见，Don的问题是现在说不出话来
2.
A.Mark the latest homework assignment.
B.Put a cancellation notice on the classroom door.
C.Make an appointment with the doctor.
D.Return some exams to his students.
A B C D
D
[解析] What favor does Don want someone to do for him?
解答这道题的关键在于清楚“pass”有“分发”的意思，“to pass back the midterm exams”意思是“发回期中考试试卷”，可见，Don想让人帮忙做的事情就是把考卷发给学生。另外还要注意对作用。后面W的否定回答表明这并不是Don希望他人帮忙做的事情。
3.
A.Teach Don's class while he's absent.
B.Give Professor Webster the key to Don's office.
C.Leave a message on the board in Don's classroom.
A.To see how certain chemicals produce different flavors.
B.To determine if a person can distinguish salty and sweet solutions.
C.To map the location of taste buds.
D.To count the number of taste buds.
A B C D
C
[解析] 23-25 M: Have you done the lab experiment for physiology yet--the one on taste? W: Yeah, it was kind of fun--mapping the taste buds. Didn't you think so? M: I'm doing it this afternoon. How long will it take? W: It went pretty quickly--under an hour, anyway. See, first you mix up the four solutions. M: You take water and add either sugar, lemon juice, salt, or... uh... What was it? W: Bitter quinine. M: That's it... uh... then what? W: Then all you have to do is taste each sample and describe where each flavor seems most intense. M: Is that hard? W: Not really. One thing to remember though--not all the taste buds are on the tongue. M: Right. I'll keep that in mind. And thanks for going over this with me. Maybe we could talk about this after I've tried it--we could get a pizza or something. W: Great. Give me a call. 23. What is the main purpose of the lab experiment?
这道题需要考生听出“mapping the taste buds”，意思是“测定味蕾的分布位置”。或者是通过后面W所说的“并非所有味蕾都在舌头上”，也可以大致推测出实验的主要目的是选项C。
2.
A.Just five minutes.
B.Slightly less than an hour.
C.Between one and two hours.
D.A little more than two hours.
A B C D
B
[解析] About how long does it take to do the experiment?
A.That taste buds aren't located only on the tongue.
B.That taste buds aren't all the same size.
C.That solutions must be measured and mixed carefully.
D.That he shouldn't swallow the solutions.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the woman remind the man about?
在听长篇对话时，考生应该格外留意表示转折的词汇。W在提醒M注意之前，说道“One thing to remember though”，考生如果能够留意到“though”这个词并引起注意，就可以接着听到W所提醒的事情，从而作出正确选择。mix up：混和，调好；solution：溶液；quinine：奎宁(金鸡纳碱)。
Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 26-28 Japanese people, who never miss a chance to be photographed, were lining up to get their picture on a post age stamp. Vanity stamps that feature personal photographs went on sale for the first time in Japan as part of an international postage stamp exhibition. The customer's photo is taken with a digital camera and then printed on stamp sheets, a process that takes about five minutes. Sold in a sheet of 10 stamps for $ 8. 80, little more than the cost of lunch in Tokyo, each stamp features a different scene from a traditional ukiyo-e along with the photo. The stamps can be used normally to mail a letter, and postal officials hope they will help promote interest in letter-writing in the Internet age. "Certainly e-mail is a useful method of communication, but letters are fun in a different way," said an official in the Posts Ministry. "We want to show young people that letters can be fun too." While similar stamp sheets debuted in Australia in 1999 and are now sold in some 12 nations and territories, Japan's fondness for commemorative photos is likely to make them especially popular here. Indeed, officials had prepared 1,000 sheets but they were sold out in less than 30 minutes. Although the stamps are currently only available as a special service during the exhibition, postal officials said they might start selling them on a regular basis in the future. 26. What does each vanity stamp cost?
B.Because the Japanese like writing letters to each other.
C.Because the Japanese postal officials want to print a special stamp to catch worldwide attention.
D.Because the Japanese postal officials hope these stamps will help promote interests in letter writing.
A B C D
D
[解析] Why does Japan print vanity stamps?
细节题，文中明确提到答案“and the postal officials hope they will help promote interest in let ter-writing in the Internet age”，后面官员又补充说“but letters are fun in a different way”。
Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 29-31 W: Today, we invite Mr. Sonderim to talk something about the Euro. Mr, Sonderim, could you tell us the origin of the Euro? M: Well, the 1992 Maastricht Treaty proposed a single currency between the European Union. The participating countries decided on the name "Euro' at a summit in Madrid in 1995 and the currency was launched on January 1, 1999. W: What is it worth? M: When the Euro was launched in 1999, one Euro was worth 1.17 US dollars or 71 British pence. However, the weakness of the Euro zone economies compared with that of the United States, combined with the inexperience of the European Central Bank in dealing with the international markets, has meant that since its launch the value of the Euro had declined significantly. In December 2001, one Euro was worth little more than 89 cents or 63 pennies, a 20 percent drop on its initial value. W: Do you think it will affect the daily life of ordinary people? M: I suppose so. For example, one of the major headaches for participating countries has been the con version of public telephones, vending machines, and shopping trolleys to accept Euro coins. Al though a conversion process has been in full swing since before 1999, there are reports that some countries are not ready for the Euro. W: So what does it look like? M: There are seven notes designed by the Austrian artist Robert Kalina. The designs show the "seven ages" of European development, with windows and gateways on the front, and bridges on the back. In addition, there are eight coins designed by the Belgian artist Luc Luycx. All Euro coins are round, but have differences in composition, weight, thickness, and milling to ensure that the blind can easily distinguish between them. On the front there is a European design, common to all coins, and on the back a "national" design from the central bank of issue. Despite the "national identities'', all coins can be spent throughout the Euro zone regardless of their origin. 29. When was Euro launched?
本题问欧元的启动时间，只要听清哪个时间发生了什么就行，考试时应养成记笔记的习惯。
2.
A.It dropped due to the weakness of the Euro zone economies and the inexperience of the Europe an Central Bank in dealing with the international markets.
B.People in most European countries refused to use Euro instead of their own currency.
C.Counterfeiters made a lot of fake notes since people were not familiar with the new currency.
D.Some countries are not ready for the Euro. They stopped using Euro in daily purchasing.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why did the worth of Euro drop?
本题问币值下降原因，此题难度较大，干扰项较多，只有结合听力内容才能得到明确的答案。
3.
A.Because each nation wants to keep its characteristics.
B.Because they are designed by different artists from 8 countries.
C.Because it will enable the blind to distinguish between them easily.
D.Because Denmark and other countries want to have their own coins.
A B C D
C
[解析] Why are the eight coins of Euro different in composition, weight, thickness, and milling?
[解析] 32-35 Many artists late in the last century were in search of a means to express their individuality. Modern dance was one of the ways some of these people sought to free their creative spirit. At the beginning there was no exact technique, no foundation from which to build. In later years, trial, error, and genius founded the techniques and the principles of the movement. Eventually, innovators even drew from what they considered the dreadful ballet, but first they had to discard all that was academic so that the new could be discovered. The beginnings of modern dance were happening before Isadora Duncan, but she was the first person to bring the new dance to general audiences and see it accepted and acclaimed. Her search for natural movement form sent her to nature. She believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the sea, and should be in harmony with the movements of the Earth. Her great contributions are in three areas. First, she began the expansion of the kinds of movements that could be used in dance. Before Duncan danced, ballet was the only type of dance performed in concert. In the ballet the feet and legs were hasized, with virtuosity shown by complicated movements. Duncan performed dance by using all body in the freest possible way. Her dance stemmed from her soul and spirit. She was one of the pioneers who broke tradition so others might be able to develop the art. Her second contribution lies in dance costume. She discarded ballet shoes and stiff costumes. These were replaced with bare feet, and unbound hair. She believed in thenatural body being allowed to move freely, and her dress displayed this ideal. Her third contribution was in the use of music. In her performances she used the symphonies of great masters, including Beethoven and 'Wagner, which was not the usual custom. She was as exciting and eccentric in her personal life as in her dance. 32. According to the passage, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan?
细节题，文中提到“She believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the sea, and should be in harmony with the movements of the Earth.”，说明自然是她舞蹈动作的范本，关键词是as natural as，因此选B。
2.
A.The music
B.The stage sets
C.Costumes
D.Movements
A B C D
B
[解析] Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an area of dance that Isadora Duncan worked to change?
Section C Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Day after day, a small blue truck speeds along the roads of Denmark's island of Funen. A big dark dog sits beside the driver, looking at him as if listening to his 1 . Whenever the truck goes by, the people of Funen turn and 2 , some in wonder, others in 3 For on its side are printed the words "Sporhunden Rolf" (Rolf, the tracking Dog) and a telephone number. Yes, the 4 in the blue truck is Roll, a dog that is hired to find things people have lost. Within seven years, Roll and his owner have found close to $400,000 worth of 5 items. Among them are watches, 6 tools, money, cows, geese, pigs and other dogs. And what is Roif' s secret? His 7 nose! 8 . And the owner of the German Shepherd dog is Svend Andersen. Together they answer the 600 to 700 calls for help that they get each year. Four out of five times they find what they are asked to look for. 9 . He dashes to the truck, eager to be off. On the way, Svend repeats again and again the name of 10 . So, by the time they arrive, Roll is ready to get to work. He circles, backtracks and circles again. 11 .
[解析] 36-46 Day after day, a small blue truck speeds along the roads of Denmark's island of Funen. A big dark dog sits beside the driver, looking at him as if listening to his instruction. Whenever the truck goes by, the people of Funen turn and stare, some in wonder, others in recognition. For on its side are printed the words "Sporhunden Rolf" (Rolf, the tracking Dog) and a telephone number. Yes, the passenger in the blue truck is Rolf, a dog that is hired to find things people have lost. Within seven years, Rolf and his owner have found close to $ 400,000 worth of missing items. Among them are watches, jewelry, tools, money, cows, geese, pigs and other dogs. And what is Rolf's secret? His sensitive nose! The owner of that nose is a ten-year-old German Shepherd dog. And the owner of the German Shepherd dog is Svend Andersen. Together they answer the 600 to 700 calls for help that they get each year. Four out of five times they find what they are asked to look for. Whenever the telephone rings in Andersen's house, Rolf is instantly alert. He dashes to the truck, eager to be off. On the way, Svend repeats again and again the name of what they are going to look for. So, by the time they arrive, Rolf is ready to get to work. He circles, backtracks and circles again. This he continues until he picks up the faint scent of an object lying in a spot where it doesn't belong.
2.
stare
3.
recognition
4.
passenger
5.
missing
6.
jewelry
7.
sensitive
8.
It is a ten-year-old German dog.
9.
The dog is alert when the phone rings.
10.
what they are going to look for
11.
He keeps walking and smelling until he smells the scent of the object.
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item one Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. The European Union (EU) is about to undertake the biggest enlargement of its borders ever. 1 in 1957 with 6 member countries, the EU now has 15 member states after undertaking four separate enlargements. 2 , none reached the scope of the current enlargement. Thirteen countries have applied to join the EU and twelve countries are active negotiating accession at 3 The European Commission estimates that both the EU and the 4 countries will benefit from enlargement. The U. S. Government support EU enlargement as a means to build stability and cooperation 5 the European continent. U.S. companies are likely to benefit from 6 transaction costs re suiting from the harmonization of standards and other 7 for doing business. U.S. exports to the candidate countries should face lower tariffs on accession, 8 the EU' s common external tariff is generally lower than the tariffs currently applied by the candidates. In 9 ,opportunities for U. S. investment will expand as the candidates undertake economic 10 , create attractive financial markets, strive to improve firms competitiveness, and adopt the EU' s open and transparent investment regime. A．score B．however C．candidate D．portion E．establish F．across G．negative H．present I．reform J．addition K．fatal L．regulations M．reduced N．frequent O．since
1.
Established
根据上下文，主语the EU是established的行为发出者，所以应填Established。
2.
However
根据后面的句子none reached the scope...的意思来判断，这里含有转折的意思，所以应填However。
3.
present
at present是固定搭配。
4.
candidate
根据上下文，应填candidate符合逻辑含义。
5.
across
要“在欧洲大陆”开拓业务，一定有“遍及”的意思，所以填across符合逻辑含义。
6.
reduced
动词短语benefit from是“从…中获利”的意思，所以这里填reduced符合逻辑含义。
7.
regulations
根据前面的standards判断，填regulations符合逻辑含义。
8.
since
根据上下文，这里是在说明原因，故应填since。
9.
addition
in addition是固定搭配。
10.
reforms
根据上下文填reforms符合逻辑含义。
Section B Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Volcanic fire and glacial ice are natural enemies. Eruptions at glaciated volcanoes typically destroy ice fields, as they did in 1980 when 70 percent of Mount Saint Helens ice cover was demolished. During ling dormant intervals, glaciers gain the upper hand cutting deeply into volcanic cones and eventually reducing them to rubble. Only rarely do these competing forces of heat and cold operate in perfect balance to create a phenomenon such as the steam caves at Mount Rainier National Park. Located inside Rainier's two ice-filled summit craters, these caves form a labyrinth of tunnels and vaulted chambers about one-half miles in total length. Their creation depends on an unusual combination of factors that nature almost never brings together in one place. The cave-making recipe calls for a steady emission of volcanic gas and heat, a heavy annual snowfall at an elevation high enough to keep it from melting during the summer, and a bowl-shaped crater to hold the snow. Snow accumulating yearly in Rainier's summit craters is compacted and compressed into a dense form of ice called firn, a substance midway between ordinary ice and the denser crystalline ice that makes up glaciers. Heat rising from numerous openings (called fumaroles) along the inner crater walls melts out chambers between the rocky walls and the overlying ice pack. Circulating currents of warm air then melt additional openings in the firn ice, eventually connecting the individual chambers and, in the larger of Rainier's two crater's, forming a continuous passageway that extends two-thirds of the way a round the crater's interior. To maintain the cave system, the elements of fire under ice must remain in equilibrium Enough snow must fill the crater each year to replace that melted from below. If too much volcanic heat is discharged, the crater's ice pack will melt away entirely and the caves will vanish along with the snows of yesteryear. If too little heat is produced, the ice, replenished annually by winter snowstorms, will expand, pushing against the enclosing crater walls and smothering the present caverns in solid firn ice.
1. With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
Passage Two The military aspect of the United States Civil War has always attracted the most attention from scholars. The roar of gunfire, the massed movements of uniformed men, the shrill of bugles, and the drama of hand-to-hand combat have fascinated students of warfare for a century. Behind the lines, however, life was less spectacular. It was the story of back-breaking labor to provide the fighting men with food and arms, of nerve-tingling uncertainty about the course of national events, of heartbreak over sons or brothers or husbands lost in battle. If the men on the firing line won the victories, the means to those victories were forged on the home front. Never in the nation's history had Americans worked harder for victory than in the Civil War. Northerners and Southerners alike threw themselves into the task of supplying their respective armies. Both governments made tremendous demands upon civilians and, in general, received willing cooperation. By 1863 the Northern war economy was rumbling along in high gear. Everything from steamboats to shovels was needed and produced. Denied Southern cotton, textile mills turned to wool for blankets and uniforms. Hides by the hundreds of thousands were turned into shoes and harness and saddles, ironworks manufactured locomotives, ordnance, armor plate. Where private enterprise lagged, the government set up its own factories or arsenals. Agriculture boomed, with machinery doing the job of farm workers drawn into the army. In short, everything that a nation needed to fight a modern war was produced in uncounted numbers. Inevitably there were profiteers with gold-headed canes and flamboyant diamond stickpins, but for every crooked tycoon there were thousands of ordinary citizens living on fixed incomes who did their best to cope with rising prices and still make a contribution to the war effort. Those who could bought war bonds; others knitted, sewed, nursed, or lent any other assistance in their power.
1. With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
Part Ⅴ Error Correction Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blank provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (—) in the blank. Much unfriendly feeling towards computers has based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction. Computers are often used as part of automated production systems required a least possible number of operators, causing the loss of many 67. ______ jobs. This has been happened, for example, in many steelworks. 68. ______ On the other hand, computers does create jobs. They are more skilled 69. ______ and better paid, though less in number than those they replaced. Many 70. ______ activities can not continue in their present form without computers, no 71. ______ matter how many people are employed. Examples is the check clearing (票据 72. ______ 交换) system of major banks and the weather forecasting system. When a firm introduces computers, few people are usually employed 73. ______ in key posts (such as jobs of operation managers) while other staff is re 74. ______ trained as operators, programmers, data preparation staff. After the new system have settled down, people in non-computer jobs are not always 75. ______ replaced. When they leave, resulting to a decrease in the number of employees. 76. ______ This decrease is sometimes balanced by a substantial increase in the activity of the firm, resulting from the introduction of computers.
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