Section A Directions: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
[听力原文] M: Do you think mixed couples have a higher divorce rate? W: It depends. Q: What does the woman mean?
[解析] 对话中提到“It depends”,意为“视情况而定”,故选C。
2.
A.Positive.
B.Cautious.
C.Supportive.
D.Negative.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] W: Is it wrong for me to marry a foreigner, Dad? M: No. But if you do marry a foreigner, people will look at you differently and you'll sense prejudices here and there. Q: What is the man's attitude toward the woman's marriage?
[解析] 从“people will look at you differently and you'll sense prejudices here and there. ”可知,女孩的父亲比较谨慎。
3.
A.Harry acquired the diamond ring from a relative.
B.Harry spent all his money on the diamond ring.
C.The diamond ring is very expensive.
D.Harry's girlfriend is fortunate in having the diamond ring.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] M: Did you see the diamond ring Harry gave to his girl friend? W: Yes. It must have cost him a fortune. Q: What does the woman imply about the ring?
[解析] cost sb. a fortune意为“花一大笔钱”,故C正确。
4.
A.A Customs officer.
B.An Immigration and Naturalization Department officer.
C.An Army officer.
D.A visa officer.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] W: Good morning. Your passport, please. Why do you want to extend your stay here? M: First, I want to further my studies and, second, to get official status for marriage. Q: With whom is the man speaking?
[解析] 对话中谈到护照、延期等情况,可知女士的工作和移民局有关。
5.
A.She has to receive training first.
B.That's her choice to do what she wants.
C.She should do so aider consulting her husband.
D.She becomes an extreme feminist.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] M: Do you mean that a woman should be able to get whatever kind of job she wants? W: Yes. If she feels that she wants to go out and get a job, that's her choice. And, if she has been trained for something specific, that's fantastic. She should be able to use her talents. Q: According to the second speaker, what will a woman do if she wants to go out and get a job?
D.The assignment can be completed without joint effort.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] M: Sorry to be calling you so late but I'm having trouble with the math assignment. And I am sick of doing it alone. W: Oh, ...well, do you want to come over? But I do have to say that I'm still not halfway through it. Q: How does the woman respond to the man's problem?
[解析] 从“Oh, ...well, do you want to come over?”可知女士建议男士过来一起做数学作业。
7.
A.6.5.
B.5.85.
C.5.
D.19.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] W: Anything new in today's paper? M: Yes. The infant mortality rate in China has declined notably since the beginning of the 1990s. The average decrease is 6.5 percent a year since 1990. The mortality rate of children under five years old has been tailing off by 5.85 percent annually. Q: What is the percentage of the annual decrease in the infant mortality rate since 1990?
[解析] 从“The average decrease is 6.5 percent a year since 1990. ”可推知。
8.
A.A section of the motorway has been open to traffic.
B.No person has been reported to be dead.
C.A coach collided with a lawyer.
D.There has been a serious car accident on the road.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] W: Oh, my God. A coach collided with a heavy lorry on the M4 motorway. 5 people lost their lives. M: It happened early this morning. Rescue operations have been going on all day. A section of the motorway has been closed to traffic. Q: Which of the following is true?
[解析] 从“A coach collided with a heavy lorry on the M4 motorway. ”可推知。
9.
A.Mr Green is the least famous.
B.John is the least famous.
C.Austen is the least famous.
D.None of the three are famous.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] W: Mr Green is a very well-known film star, and so is John. M: Do you really think so? I believe Austen is more noted. John is the last one I'd regard as famous. Q: Whom does the man consider the least famous?
[解析] 从“John is the last one I'd regard as famous. ”可推知。
10.
A.The solar system is a bit smaller than the Great Bear.
B.The solar system is bigger than the Great Bear.
C.The solar system is much smaller than the Great Bear.
D.The solar system is as big as the Great Bear.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] W: The solar system is so big that even light would take about 12 hours to travel across. M: So far as I know, it's no comparison with the Great Bear. Q: Which of the following is true?
[解析] 从“it's no comparison with the Great Bear”可知大熊星系比太阳系更大。
[听力原文] W: Why do you still lie in bed? Just have a look at the mess all around you. M: You shouldn't have talked like that. I feel a bit under the weather today. Q: What can be learned from the dialogue?
[解析] “I feel a bit under the weather today. ”指“身体不舒服,病的”;not quite oneself也是“身体不舒服,病”的意思。
12.
A.He believes the cost is too much.
B.He thinks the headmaster has no enough money to run the school.
C.He thinks the tuition is reasonable.
D.He thinks the tuition is beyond his limit.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] W: I went to a private school, and the headmaster charged me a big sum of money for tuition. It cost me $600. M: But I think the tuition is worth every penny of it. Q: What's the man's response to the woman's remark?
[解析] 从“But I think the tuition is worth every penny of it. ”可知男士认为学费虽较高但物有所值。
13.
A.She didn't believe the man's story.
B.She was deeply moved by the man's accident.
C.The man was nearly knocked down.
D.The accident could almost be avoided.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] W: A car dashed towards me and I jumped aside just in time. M: It was really a narrow escape. Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
[解析] It was really a narrow escape. 是指“真是虎口脱险”。
14.
A.He agreed that before his recovery, he shouldn't drink much.
B.A large glass of brandy may cure him.
C.He asked the woman to repeat what she said.
D.He can drink wine but not brandy.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] W: A large glass of brandy may affect your recovery. M: You can say that again. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] You can say that again. 表示“赞成;同意”。
15.
A.He wants to listen to classical music.
B.The music is not particularly loud.
C.They would turn down the music a little.
D.They would deaf to her pleas.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] W: What a noise. I am going to ask them to turn the music down. I can't hear myself think. M: Do you really think it makes any difference to them? Q: What does the man imply?
[解析] deaf to one's plea指“对恳求置之不理”。
Section B Directions: In this section you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five questions After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
[听力原文] M: Honey, the basketball game is about to start. And could you bring some chips and a bowl of ice cream? And...uh...a slice of pizza from the fridge. W: Anything else? M: Nope, that's all for now. Hey, honey, you know, they are organizing a company basketball team, and I am thinking about joining. What do you think? I was the star player in high school. W: Yeah, twenty-five years ago. Look, I just don't want you having a heart attack running up and down the court. M: So, what are you suggesting? Should I abandon the idea? I'm not that out of shape. W: Well you ought to at least have a physical before you begin. I mean, it has been at least five years since you played at all. And you need to watch your diet and cut back on the fatty food. And you should try eating more fresh fruits and vegetable. M: Yeah, you are probably right. W: And you should take up a little weight training to strengthen your muscles or perhaps try cycling to build up your cardiovascular system. Oh, and you need to go to bed early instead of watching TV half the night. M: Hey, you're starting to sound like my personal fitness instructor! W: No, I just love you, and I want you to be around for a long, long time.
What does the man intend to do?
[解析] 男士说公司正组建篮球队,并说“I am thinking about joining”,可知他想参加。
2.
A.Heart attack.
B.Heart burn.
C.Varicose.
D.Cramp.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] Running up and down the court, what may the man suffer from?
[解析] 从“Look, I just don't want you having a heart attack running up and down the court. ”。可知A正确。heartburn胃灼热;varicose静脉曲张;cramp痛性痉挛。
3.
A.He likes fresh fruits and vegetables.
B.She loves to go to a fitness center.
C.He stopped playing basketball five years ago.
D.He is always trying to build up cardiovascular system.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] Which of the following statement is true?
[解析] 从女士说的“it has been at least five years since you played at all. ”可知C符合条件。
4.
A.Having a physical examination.
B.Watching his diet.
C.Having periodical check-ups.
D.Strengthening muscles.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] What is the first advice the woman made?
[解析] have a physical指“体格检查”。
5.
A.He has put on much weight now.
B.He is a vegetarian.
C.He intends to set up a company of his own.
D.He used to be the star player in university.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] What can be inferred from the talk?
[解析] 从女子建议他“cut back on the fatty foods”可推测出男子现在体重增加很多;从女子建议他“try eating more flesh fruits and vegetables”可推测出男子不是素食者,故选A。
A.Why certain people are aging sooner than others.
B.How to make people live longer.
C.The size of certain people's brains.
D.Which people are most intelligent.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa Wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age and how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual on emotional faculties. Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and seventy-year-olds. Matsuzaswa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain." he says. "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators."
What did the team of doctors wanted to find out?
[解析] 从“Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out how the process of aging could be slowed down. ”可知研究的方向与长寿有关。
2.
A.A survey of farmers in northern Japan.
B.Tests performed on a thousand old people.
C.The study of brain volumes of different people.
D.The latest development of computer technology.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] On what are their research findings based?
[解析] 从“he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations”可知他的研究成果是建立在对不同人大脑容量的研究的基础之上的,故C为正确答案。
3.
A.Our brains shrink as we grow older.
B.Sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds.
C.The front section of the brain does not shrink.
D.Some people's brains have contracted more than other people's.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] What did the doctor's test show?
[解析] 文中提到大脑萎缩的情况因人而异,可知D符合文意。
4.
A.Thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking.
B.Blood circulation can prevent the brain from shrinking.
C.Conversation can prevent the brain from shrinking.
D.The fresh oxygen can prevent the brain from shrinking.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] What did Matsuzawa's findings show?
[解析] 从“Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. ”可知思考可以延缓大脑萎缩。
5.
A.Lawyers.
B.Clerks.
C.Farmers.
D.Shop assistants.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?
[解析] 从“Those least at risk are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. ”可知答案为A。
A.To stay in a very warm room with a lot of people.
B.To expose oneself to severe weather.
C.To play outdoors long when it is snowing.
D.To wait for a bus on a cold and windy day.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] There are some steps you can take yourself to avoid catching a cold. Contrary to popular belief, colds are not caused by exposure to severe weather. Colds are caused by viruses harbored in the body, and you're better off out on the ski slopes or even waiting for the bus on a snowy day than you are in a toast warm room, surrounded by friends, co-workers, or fellow students, who just may be passing the virus around. If you feel a chill when you're coming down with a cold, you're already sick. A chill is an early symptom: it's the cold that caused the chill, not the other way around. While the virus can spread through droplets propelled into the air when a cold-sufferer coughs or sneezes, surprisingly, this is not the most common route of transmission. Numerous studies have now shown that the overwhelming majority of colds are "caught" by hand contact. A cold-sufferer rubs her nose, thereby transferring the virus to her hand. Then a friend comes to visit. "Don't kiss me," she cautions, so the friend steps back and presses her hand. The friend then wipes her own nose or eye—and several days later is stricken with a cold. Or parents pick up their child's discarded tissues and carefully throw them away but fail to wash their hands afterward. Cold virus also can be transferred to objects—telephones, towels, plates—and remain infectious for up to three hours. Frequent hand washing—on the part of the cold-sufferer as well as other members of the household—will minimize the spread of viruses in this way.
Which of the following steps will most probably cause one to catch a cold?
[解析] 从文中可知待在一个人员聚集又很热的屋子里更易感冒。
2.
A.You'll catch a cold sooner or later.
B.You've already come down with a cold.
C.There are viruses hidden in your body.
D.The room is not warm enough for your health.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] If you feel a chill, what does it mean?
[解析] 从“If you feel a chill when you're coming down with a cold, you're already sick. ”可推知。
3.
A.It is generally believed that colds are caused by exposure to cold weather.
B.Most colds are "caught" by hand contact.
C.Cold virus will keep alive for several hours once it leaves human body.
D.Cold virus can spread around only through the air.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
[解析] 文章指出空气传播并不是最普遍的感冒传播方式,最普遍的方式是手的接触。故选D。
4.
A.Wash our hands frequently.
B.Never rub our nose or eyes.
C.Throw away tissues immediately after use.
D.Shake hands with our friends instead of kissing them.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] What should we do to prevent viruses from spreading?
[解析] 文章最后指出,勤洗手可以减少感冒病毒的传播机会。
5.
A.A cold-sufferer is staying with him in the same room.
B.The viruses have been exposed to the air for over 3 hours.
C.He dropped in a warm room.
D.He shakes hands with a cold-sufferer.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Which of the following will most likely get a man to be stricken with a cold?
[解析] 从“Numerous studies have now shown that the overwhelming majority of colds are 'caught' by hand contact. ”可知手的接触是最易发生的感冒传播途径。
PartⅡ Vocabulary
Section A Directions: In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. His ideas are invariably condemned as ______ by his colleagues.
5. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer's ______ rather than the company's.
Section B Directions: Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. Let's meet halfway and each pay half the damage.
10. The boy showed cleverness in making toys out of scraps of discarded wood.
A.ingenuity
B.generosity
C.frankness
D.skillful
A B C D
A
[解析] 题干:这小男孩真聪明,能将一堆碎木头做成玩具。ingenuity意为”灵巧”,符合题意。
PartⅢ Cloze Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using 1 therapies, even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans lie awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or 2 a pill, hoping it will make them sleepy. But experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea, and the causes of chronic insomnia remain 3 . Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping, and about 10 percent have symptoms of daytime 4 that signal true insomnia. But 5 the complaints, scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia, its health consequences and how best to treat it, a panel of specialists brought together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called for a broad range of research into insomnia, 6 that if scientists understood its 7 causes, they could develop better treatments. Most, but not all, insomnia is thought to accompany other health problems, from arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping 8 complicates those other problems. Other diseases aside, the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more common among women, especially after their 50s. Smoking, caffeine and numerous 9 drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research, some 10 to specific disorders and others examining the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was awaiting the panel's review before deciding what additional work should be directed at insomnia.
[解析] 本句大意为失眠相关研究中有些以特定疾病为目标。固定搭配target sth. to sth. 被动形式为sth. be targeted to sth. ,本句为独立主格结构。
PartⅣ Reading Comprehension Directions: In this section there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One Some problems can be readily identified simply by looking around. These problems concern the pollution of our environment by technology as a result of sudden upsets in the physical, economic and social balance. The most obvious of these are the general pollution of our physical environment and the destruction of irreplaceable natural resources. Not so obvious as these, but just as painfully significant to some, are the disappearing and changing of jobs which overnight often create large groups of jobless citizens. Can technology be used to undo what it has done, replace what it has destroyed or substitute for what it has caused to disappear? No one knows. Many wonder whether or not all of the sources of pollution have yet been identified, whether or not they are being arrested and whether or not they will be prevented from recurring. Another set of problems relates to what technological advancement has done to the quality of life. An improved social life has not been unfortunately, either the goal or the chief beneficiary of technological change. Rather, any improvements that have occurred have been more accidental than intended. Too much has happened too fast. The changes demanded of marriage and family relationships remain largely unexamined. It is often a matter of "put up or shut up", and a person has to adapt his life-style to ever-changing conditions with little time for choice. The "no-move-no-advancement" type is an example of one such problem. Many people are coming to think that the reward is simply not worthy the struggle, and they are taking jobs with less responsibility and lower pay.
1. In the First paragraph the author is mainly talking about ______.
A.environmental protection
B.environment and technology
C.technology producing obvious and insidious problems
Passage Two The great question that this paper will, but feebly, attempt to answer is, what is the creative process? Though much theory has accumulated, little is really known about the power that lies at the bottom of poetic creation. It is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by fusing emotions, reason, and intuitions. But what is the magical synthesis that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity? John L. Lowes, in his justly famous "The Road to Xanadu", developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this tantalizing question. Imaginative creation, he concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds jointly operate. "There is... the Deep Well with its chaos of fortuitously blending images; but there is likewise the Vision which sees shining in and through the chaos of the potential lines of Form, and with the Vision, the controlling Will, which gives to that potential beauty actuality." The Deep Well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas, and feelings of the conscious activity. The imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows, silently seeking pattern and form. Finally, the conscious mind again, through Will, captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. In this way is unity born out of chaos. Though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel, to some extent, Lowes' theory of Well, Vision, Form, and Will. There are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work. In a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writer's life. It is the Deep Well. It is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious mind. When remembrances of things past reach the conscious level of the writer's mind, he is ready to go on with the process. Part of this preparation involves learning a medium—learning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forms. It is important to mot here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. Evidence, though sparse, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. It is the Vision, according to Lowes, which sees shining in and through the chaws of the potential lines of Form..."
1. When remembrances of things past reach the conscious level, the post has reached the stage called ______.
5. What is the relationship between idea and form?
A.There is no clear relationship between them.
B.Form should be strongly controlled by idea.
C.Idea generates form and form reflects idea.
D.None of the above.
A B C D
C
[解析] 推理题。思想产生形式,形式也反映思想。文中最后一段的倒数二句:“It is important to mot here that form cannot be imposed upon the idea. Evidence, though sparse, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. ”意思是:“特别要提示的是形式不能被强加到思想上,有证据(虽然是零星的)表明思想会产生最能表达它的形式。”
Passage Three Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises. Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability. Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union. Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.
1. The word "portend" (Line 2, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to "______".
2. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, ______.
A.men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B.more women would get married to seek financial security
C.even working women would worry about their marriages
D.more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。题干的the economy slides等于原文的economic downturns。定位在“Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. ”意思是:数据显示经济低迷时期人们倾向于推迟婚姻,因为双方不能承担一个家庭或者担心更窘迫的日子。只有D符合原文意思。选项A、B、C都是与文章没有任何关系。
3. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ______.
A.they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
B.their husbands are expected to do more housework
C.their marriage ties can be strengthened
D.they tend to put their career before marriage
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。答案在第三段:On the other hand, if...stable union. 据此可轻松选出答案为C。正确答案中,形容词stronger转化成了动词strengthen。
4. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that ______.
A.they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B.they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
C.they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
D.they tend to suspect their husbands loyalty to their marriage
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。答案在第三段:a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. 妻子被阻止外出工作可能会感觉被关在房子里。所以她可能认为唯一的选择就是离婚。
5. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's view in the passage?
A.The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.
B.Even when economically independent, most women have to straggle for real equality in marriage.
C.In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.
D.The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.
Passage Four Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform. The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction and the English word comes from the Latin "autic", meaning "increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war, these sales were called "sub hasta", meaning "under the spear", a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold "by the candle"; a short candle was lit by the auctioneer and bids could be made while it was burning. Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, fruit, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and works of art. The auction rooms at Chritie's and Sotheby's in London and New York are world famous. An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a "lot", is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with lot one and continue the numerical order; he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding.
1. Auctioned goods are sold ______.
A.for the highest price offered
B.at fixed prices
C.at prices lower than their true value
D.at prices offered by the auctioneer
A B C D
A
[解析] 推断题。这道题的答案在第一段的第三句话。“He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. ”拍卖师鼓励竞拍者出高价并最终把出最高价的竞拍者指定为买家。选项A意思是:以最高的价钱出售。这就是答案。B、C、D三个选项都是错误的表述。
2. The end of bidding is called "knocking down" because ______.
A.the auctioneer knocks on the table
B.the auctioneers names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods
C.the goods are knocked down onto the table
D.the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer
A B C D
D
[解析] 推断题。注意第一段最后的一句话中由“for”引导的原因状语从句,“for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform. ”意思是:因为竞拍结束时,拍卖师在高台上用锤子敲一下。从中就可以得到答案D。选项D的意思就是这个句子的翻译。
3. In the sentence "The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war," the word "spoils" most probably means ______.
A.useless goods
B.spears
C.various kinds of food
D.property taken from the enemy
A B C D
D
[解析] 推断题。这句话的意思是:罗马人经常以这种方式出卖在战争中获得的战利品。“taken in war”的东西而且能出卖的,当然不会是A.useless goods;也不会单单只是“spears”或“food”,而该是D“战利品”。
4. In England a candle used to burn at auction sales ______.
A.because the auction sales took place at night
B.as a signal for the crowd to gather
C.to keep the auction room warm
D.to limit the time when offers of prices could be made
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。注意第二段的最后一句话“...and bid could be made while it was burning. ”意思是:当蜡烛点着的时候,拍卖就能够进行。这句话就是答案所在。选项D的意思是:限制出价的时间。这正是点蜡烛的目的。
5. An auction catalogue gives buyers ______.
A.the current market values of the goods
B.details of the goods to be sold
C.the order in which goods are to be sold
D.free admission to the auction sale
A B C D
B
[解析] 分析题。这道题要求掌握“particulars”词意指“详细情况”。本文第四段第二句“If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, ...”意思是:如果广告中没有具体的细节,目录就会被印出来。从这一句中得出正确答案为B。选项B的意思就是得到具体的信息。
Passage Five Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict. Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators. In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.
1. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ______.
A.wrong
B.oversimplified
C.misleading
D.unclear
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。文中第一句“Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. ”其中的“cut and dried”意思是:关于冲突的传统的思想是陈词滥调。这就意味着oversimplified“过于简单了”。
2. Professor Charles R. Schwenk's research shows ______.
A.the advantages and disadvantages of conflict
B.the real value of conflict
C.the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflict
D.the complexity of defining the roles of conflict
A B C D
C
[解析] 推理题。文中第二段第—句:“Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine... ”Charles教授的研究表明冲突的最佳程度很难决定。其中的“complex to determine”即“很难决定”,就等于答案C中的阐述。
3. We can learn from Schwenk's research that ______.
A.a personls view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization
B.conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizations
C.different people resolve conflicts in different ways
D.it is impossible for people to avoid conflict
A B C D
A
[解析] 推理题。文中第三段第一句:“Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. ”意思是:有些令人吃惊,Schwenk教授发现关于冲突的观点是根据公司的结构类型的功能而有系统地变化的。从中可以看出A为答案,即一个人关于冲突的观点是受他公司的结构影响的。B、C、D都是上面这句话的例证。
4. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ______.
A.there is no end of conflict
B.expression of different opinions is encouraged
C.decisions must be justifiable
D.success lies in general agreement
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。第四段最后一句“The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators. ”意思说:主管们相信是一致性而不是冲突提高了经济的指标。从中可以看到答案为D。本句中的“consensus”意思就是“agreement”.
5. People working in a not-for-profit organization ______.
A.seem to be difficult to satisfy
B.are free to express diverse opinions
C.are less effective in making decisions
D.find it easier to reach agreement
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。本文最后一句“Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions. ”意思是:考虑到满足许多不同的员工的复杂性和模糊性,主管们感到冲突能产生更值得被考虑的、更能被接受的决定。这与答案B的意思相符。即工作人员可以自由表达思想,企业会考虑他们的想法,从而制定决定。
Passage Six In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasn't any crime to worry about. Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the world's biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up homes without fitting locks to their doors. SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle. But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder. So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer. At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage. But let's look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the world's biggest (almost) crime-flee society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isn't much to steal. Or because vandalism isn't much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone. Whatever the reason, let's enjoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.
1. By saying "...owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors" (Lines 3-4, Para. 2), the author means that ______.
A.those happy times appear still to be with us
B.there simply wasn't any crime to worry about
C.many sites are not well-protected
D.hackers try out tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in
3. Farmer's program has been criticized by the public because ______.
A.it causes damage to Net browsers
B.it can break into Internet sites
C.it can be used to cause disorder on all sites
D.it can be used by people with evil intent
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。原文中:Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle. 意思是:Farmer已经使这个程序成为大众可以使用的了,遭到了很多的批评。有恶意企图的人利用这个程序可以猎取容易被盗的网站。这其中publicly算作一个定位提示,criticism是关键。
4. After you look at a Web page, some small new programs can run on your computer because ______.
A.you download them from the page
B.they are downloaded by themselves
C.they are gifts form some websites
D.none of the above
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。原文:Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. 意思是:现在,网页上充满了小的程序,当你浏览一个网页的时候,这些程序可以自动地下载下来并在你的电脑上应用。这其中的automatically就等于题中的“by themselves”。
5. The author's attitude toward SATAN is ______.
A.enthusiastic
B.critical
C.positive
D.indifferent
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。enthusiastic热心的,热情的;critical批评的;positive肯定的;indifferent不感兴趣的。从原文中可以看到“But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder. ”意思是:Farmer最关心的是警告大众安全的缺乏性。到目前为止,发生的事情证明他是对的。和产生新的混乱相比,SATAN在警示大众防止危险方面起到了更大的作用。
PartⅤ Writing
1. Directions: Please read the following article in Chinese carefully, and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that you cover all the major points of the article.
At one time, the typical model for medical care was the theocratic model. It was as if the physician was God and had all the answers. As care became more complicated, we entered what might be called the paternal period, where the physician was like a father and knew what was best for his patient. As medical care became more technical, the model changed to what we might call engineering model, where the physician was like the engineer who had more knowledge, you trust him to take over. The present ideal model has become a co-operative model where patient and physician work as a team. In which, you are two persons and all have rights. In Minnesota, there is a living will form which has been approved by law. The form asks questions to help you clarify what you want and don't want in the terminal health care. Living will doesn't have to be complicated and can be a simple statement and is not required by law. In any event doctors will be committed to using their knowledge and experience toward making the best decisions for you. It is only you that can decide whether or not to use this tool.