Section A Directions: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
D.The job is hard work and the pay is not satisfactory.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: I hear you're working as a market surveyor this summer. It's got to be awfully difficult asking the same old questions every day. M: Well, it is challenging work, but I get to meet lots of new people and the pay is decent enough. Q: What does the man think of his new job?
[解析] 观点态度题。根据问题What…the man think of…?可把答案出处锁定在男士所说的话语中。根据challenging work以及 the pay is decent enough可知，[B]为答案。由rewarding≈the pay is decent enough，可排除[A]。[C]可能是依据I get to meet lots of new people设计的干扰项，但这并不足以称得上是weakness，故排除；选项[D]与[A]意思相近，因答案唯一可排除。
2.
A.He is not that far away if she wants to visit.
B.He doesn't believe that she will really miss him.
C.He welcomes her phone calls any time.
D.He will telephone her as often as he can.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: So I guess you'll be transferring out on Tuesday. You know I am going to miss all your silly jokes while you're gone. M: Well, you know, if you really do, remember I'm only a phone call away. Q: What does the man mean?
A.The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time.
B.The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry.
C.The man is eager to know the woman's answer.
D.The man thinks the woman is wasting her time.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: I have to think about your offer. I can't say yes or no at the moment. M: You can take your time. It will do if you let me know your decision in a day or two. Q: What can be drawn from the conversation?
[解析] 事实状况题。女士说，需要考虑一下。男士回答，不着急(take your time)。因此[B]为答案。[A]和[D]项对take your time(别着急)理解有误。男士给了女士充分的时间思考，并不急于知道她最终的回答， [C]项与此不符。
4.
A.He should relax for a while.
B.The man should see a doctor in the library.
C.It shouldn't take long to write the proposal.
D.He should wrap up his books as quickly as possible.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: We've been working on this proposal for so long that my eyes are starting to blur. W: Why don't we get out of here? The green meadow around the library is good for your eyes. We can wrap it up later. Q: What does the woman mean?
[解析] 观点态度题。文中的男士说为这个提案工作这么长时间以致他的眼睛开始模糊起来了。女士建议说为什么不出去走走。图书馆周围的草地对他的眼睛会有益处。可以以后再做这个提案。实际上女士是希望男士能放松一下。女士的回答中，“Why don't we get out of here?”是这个对话中的关键点。选项[B]、[C]、[D]的内容原文均未曾涉及。
5.
A.He'll come alone.
B.He'll just bring his wife.
C.He'll not go to the party.
D.He'll just give the ticket to someone else.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: Well, we have considered carefully about allowing friends at the party, but we've decided against it since it is paid for by student fees. Sorry about that. M: I guess I can only bring myself. I'll give it a miss. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] 行为活动题。女士说他们认真考虑过是否允许带朋友参加聚会，但是最后决定不允许这样做，因为聚会的开支是从学生的学费里出的，她对此很抱歉。男士说那他只能自己去，这样的话他也不去了，直接引导答案give it a miss(不参加，避开)。[A]和[D]选项都是对短语give it a miss的理解错误。对话中并未涉及男士的妻子，不选[B]。
[解析] M: I hear Joe offered to lend you his camera for the summer. Isn't that amazing? W: I'm trying to decide whether or not to take advantage of it. The responsibility might be too great for me. Q: What does the woman need to decide?
[解析] 事实状况题。男士听说Joe将他的照相机借给了女士，感到很惊讶，女士回答说她不一定会用照相机，因为责任太大了。题干问的是女士需要决定什么。女士对她是否能看管好照相机不是很确定。答案[B]选项与此相符合。其他选项都对对话中的关键短语whether or not，take advantage of“利用”，responsibility“责任”理解错误。
7.
A.To get bargains.
B.To join the crowds.
C.To avoid the crowds.
D.To run into each other.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: Well, this is a pleasant surprise. It seems to me we ran into each other here last week, too. W: You and I must have the same idea. The only way to beat the crowds when you do the grocery shopping on Saturday is to be here when they open at nine o'clock sharp. Q: Why did both speakers do grocery shopping at nine o'clock sharp?
[解析] 事实状况题。女士的回答中the only way to beat the crowds表明了目的，这里的beat相当于avoid，表示“避免”的意思， [C]项与此一致。原文中没有提到bargains， [A]项不正确。[B]项对beat理解有误。 [D]项不符合对话内容，相遇是个惊喜，不是目的。
8.
A.He thinks the woman is fussy.
B.He didn't realize the problem.
C.She should put up with the noise.
D.He thinks it is noisy only sometimes.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: Could you have your refrigerator fixed as soon as possible? I really can't concentrate in such a noise. M: Why didn't you just say so? I promise it will be ok tomorrow. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] 事实状况题。女士对冰箱噪音很介意，但从why didn't you just say so?可见男士并没有意识到噪音问题在影响着女士。[C]选项认为女士能容忍噪音，不正确；男士一直没留意到噪音，而不是有时候认为吵闹， [D]选项也不选。[A]是随意猜测。
9.
A.The restaurant is losing money.
B.The restaurant should close down.
C.The restaurant is neither losing money nor gaining.
D.The restaurant is making money despite the fact that it has not many customers.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: The restaurant doesn't seem to get enough customers. I think they should be doing better since there's no competition along this street. M: I heard they're breaking even. So, for now it's probably worthwhile to keep it running. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
[解析] M: Now suppose I was to stay at home and do all the housework and look after the children while my wife went out to work. What would you think about that? W: If I'm going to be logical, no. Q: What docs the woman mean?
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
B.They will argue in favor of this country and the language.
C.They will know the country and its people better.
D.They will like its inhabitants and their language.
A B C D
C
[解析] 11-13 Every country tends to accept its own way of life as being the normal one and to praise or criticize others as they are similar to or different from it. And unfortunately, our picture of the people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted one. Here is a great argument in favor of foreign travel and learning foreign language. It is only by traveling in, or living in a country and getting to know its inhabitants and their language that one can find out what a country and its people are really like. And how different the knowledge one gains this way frequently turns out to be different from the second-hand information gathered from other sources! How often we find that the foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from ourselves are not very different at all! Differences between peoples do of course exist and, one hopes, will always continue to do so. The world will be a dull place indeed when all the different nationalities behave exactly alike, and some people might say that we are rapidly approaching this state of affairs. With the much greater rapidity and ease of travel, there might seem to be some truth in this at least as far as Europe is concerned. However this may be, at least the greater ease of travel today has revealed to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not some different kind of animal from themselves. 11．What will people learn by traveling in a foreign country and learning its language?
[解析] 细节题。题干问通过traveling in a foreign country 和 learning its language，人们会发现什么。回忆听力原文中相关细节:……by traveling in．．，a country and getting to know．．．their language that one can find out what a country and its people are really like…。能够全面回答问题的选项是[C]。[A]内容片面；[B]则将原文中的介词 like“像”误解为“喜欢”；[D]是人们没有去那个国家旅游前的情况。
2.
A.It is from second-hand information.
B.It is from the arguments about the country.
C.It is different from what one had before the travel.
D.It is gathered from other sources than from its inhabitants.
A B C D
C
[解析] What does the author think of the knowledge gained by traveling in a foreign country?
[解析] 细节题。题干问本文作者对the knowledge gained by traveling in a foreign country的评价。回忆紧接．上题的细节，作者认为，通过到国外旅行获得的那些知识与通过别的渠道获得的二手信息相比，是很不一样的。正确回答题干问题的选项是[C]。[A]和[D]项内容是作者对没出国旅行前的原有知识的评价，[B]项内容没有依据。
3.
A.Differences between people will gradually disappear.
B.Differences between people will not exist as one hopes.
C.Differences between people will always continue to exist and the world will be a dull place.
D.Differences between people do exist even though different nationalities behave exactly alike.
A B C D
A
[解析] What is the result of ease of travel in Europe today?
[解析] 推理题。题干问今天ease of travel in Europe的结果是什么。原文中说“如果各个民族都变得alike了，这个世界会很无趣”，随后说With the…ease of travel，至少在欧洲there might seem to be some truth in this。句中this指代前文中的各个民族都变得一样了的那种无趣的状态。正确回答题干的选项是[A]“人们之间的差别会逐渐消失”。
Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 14-16 Telephone books in the Unites States have white, blue and yellow pages. The white pages list people with phones by last name. The blue pages contain numbers of city services, government agencies and public schools. Businesses and professional services are listed in a special section, the yellow pages. To make a long distance call, you need an area code. Each area in the U.S. has an area code. The area covered by one area code may be small or large. For example, New York City has one area code. But so does the whole State of Oregon. If you want to know the area code of a place, you can look it up in the area code map which is printed in the front of the white pages. There are a lot of public telephones in the U.S. They have their own numbers. If you are making a long distance call on a public telephone and run out of money, give the number on your phone to the person 'you're talking to. Then hang up the receiver and he can call you back. If you make a long distance call and get a wrong number, call the operator and explain what happened. This means that you can make the call again to the right number without having to pay more money. 14．Where can you find the telephone number of a city council in a telephone book?
[解析] 推理题。本篇开篇就说到(美国的电话薄有三种，白页、蓝页和黄页)，紧接着说道The blue pages contain numbers of city services，government agencies and public schools(蓝页包括市政服务、政府部门和学校)，题目中的city council属于 government agencies的范围，[A]符合题意。
2.
A.Right after the white pages.
B.In the front of the white pages.
C.At the end of the telephone book.
D.On the first page of the telephone book;
A B C D
B
[解析] Where can you find the area code map of the U．S．?
[解析] 细节题。选项[B]符合题意，依据是听力材料中的If you want to know the area code of a place，．．．which is printed in the front of the white pages。这句话的前半部分正是题干，后半部分就是答案。
3.
A.Check your number and call again.
B.Ask the operator to put you through.
C.Ask the operator what has happened.
D.Tell the operator what has happened.
A B C D
D
[解析] What are you advised to do when you get a wrong number in making a long distance call?
[解析] 细节题。选项[D]符合题意，依据是听力材料中的If you make a long distance call and…explain what happened．这句话的前半部分正是题干，后半部分就是答案所在。
Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 17-20 When Midori was two years old, she often climbed onto the piano bench and reached for the violin that belonged to her mother, a 38-year-old professional musician. "Please don't touch, Midori," her mother scolded. The violin was, after all, worth more than 20, 000 dollars. But Midori persisted. She longed to handle the graceful instrument that made beautiful sounds. Finally, on her third birthday, Midori was handed a package, a tiny violin, about half the normal size. Almost from the moment Midori was born, her mother knew she was sensitive to music. For several years mother and daughter practised together day and day. She was eager to learn. Failure often led to tears, though, she never once turned from the instrument. Instead, she persisted till the problem was overcome. One day, Johnson, an American musician, heard Midori play the violin. He couldn't believe she was just eight years old. "She must make a tape and I will take it to the United States, "the American musician said. A famous American violin teacher heard the tape. He, too, had difficulty believing his ears. The play was absolutely astonishing. He immediately accepted her as a pupil and recommended her for full scholarship. In 1982, Midori and her mother moved to New York City, leaving behind a comfortable life in Japan. 17. What was Midori's mother?
[解析] 细节题。题干问 Midori的妈妈做什么工作。根据…her mother，a 38-year-old professional musician，选[C]。
2.
A.Because the violin was too expensive.
B.Because the violin was too big for her.
C.Because she was too young to play the violin.
D.Because her mother wanted her to play the piano.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why was Midori not allowed to touch her mother's violin when she was only two years old?
[解析] 细节题。题干问为什么Midori两岁时was not allowed to touch她妈妈的小提琴。回忆原文相关细节：…The violin was…worth more than 20，000 dollars。
3.
A.To go to the United States.
B.To apply for a scholarship.
C.To play the piano once again.
D.To have her performance taped.
A B C D
D
[解析] What did Johnson，the American musician，ask Midori to do?
[解析] 细节题。题干问一个名叫Johnson的American musician要求Midori做了一件什么事情。原文中有这样的细节：One day，Johnson， an American musician，heard Midori play the violin．．．．“She must make a tape and I will take it to the United States”．．．。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One It being not only possible but even easy to predict which ten-year-old boys are at greatest risk of growing up to be persistent offenders, what are we doing with the information? Just about the last thing that we should do is to wait until their troubles have escalated (逐步升级)in adolescence and then attack them with the provisions of the new Criminal Justice Bill. If this bill becomes law, magistrates will have the power to impose residential care orders. More young people will be drawn into institutional life when all the evidence shows that this worsens rather than improves their prospects. The introduction of short sharp shocks in detention (拘留) centers will simply give more young people a taste of something else they don't need; the whole regime of detention centers is one of toughening delinquents, and if you want to train someone to be anti-establishment, "I can't think of a better way to do it," says the writer of this report. The Cambridge Institute of Criminology comes up with five key factors that are likely to make for delinquency (不良行为): a low-income family, a large family, parents deemed by social workers to be bad at raising children, parents who themselves have a criminal record, and low intelligence in the child. Not surprisingly, the factors tend to overlap. Of the 63 boys in the sample who had at least three of them when they were ten, half become juvenile delinquents compared with only a fifth of the sample as a whole. Three more factors make the prediction more accurate: being judged troublesome by teachers at the age of ten, having a father with at least two criminal convictions and having another member of the family with a criminal record. Of the 35 men who had at least two of these factors in their background 18 became persistent delinquents and 8 more were in trouble with the law. Among those key factors, far and away the most important was having a parent with a criminal record, even if that had been acquired in the distant past, even though very few parents did other than condemn delinquent behavior in their children. The role of the schools emerges as extremely important. The most reliable prediction of all on the futures of boys came from teachers' ratings of how troublesome they were at the age of ten. If the information is there in the classroom there must be a response that brings more attention to those troublesome children: a search for things to give them credit for other than academic achievement, a refusal to allow them to go on playing truant, and a fostering of ambition and opportunity which should start early in their school careers.
1. According to the passage, delinquency should be tackled ______.
2. The number of young offenders could be reduced by the way of ______.
A.new legal measures
B.better residential care
C.brief periods of harsh punishment
D.examination of their backgrounds
A B C D
D
[解析] 推理判断题。问题：少年犯的人数可以通过哪种方法得以减少?短文在第三段中给出了five key factors that are likely to make for delinquency导致不良行为的五个关键因素，接着在第四段中进一步阐述了使预言更为准确的三个因素，这些都是从少年犯的家庭和社会背景进行分析的，选项[D]的描述与此一致。选项[A]、[B]、[C]的内容在短文第二段中都出现了。但是阅读上下文可知，作者对legal measures“法律措施”， residential care“居住处监管”和 harsh punishment“严厉的惩罚”都不赞成。
3. What is the outcome result of putting young offenders into detention centers?
A.They become violent.
B.They receive useful training.
C.They become obedient.
D.They turn against society.
A B C D
D
[解析] 事实细节题。问题：将少年犯关入拘留中心将产生什么后果?在短文第二段中，the whole regime of detention centers is…says the writer of this report．拘留中心将使少年犯们更为倔强，如果你想让某人反对社会的话。“我实在想不出比关在拘留中心更好的办法”，报告的作者说。由此可见，选项[D]中的“against society”和原文中的“anti-establishment”意思相近，符合原文。选项[B]、[C]与原文显然无关，选项[A]有一定道理，但不如[D]确切。
4. Ten-year-old children likely to become offenders are usually ______.
A.spoilt children from small families
B.bright children in poor families
C.dull children with many brothers and sisters
D.children whose parents have acquired wealth dishonestly
A B C D
C
[解析] 事实细节题。问题：可能成为犯罪者的十岁儿童通常是下面哪类?在短文的第三段提及了导致不良行为的五个关键因素，a low-income family，a large family，parents deemed by social workers to be bad at…and low intelligence in the child．低收入家庭，大家庭，父母被社会工作者认为虐待孩子，父母有犯罪记录，儿童中的低智商者。选项[C]符合其中的第二和第五条，为答案。
5. The writer concludes that potential offenders could be helped by ______.
A.spending more time at school
B.more encouragement at school
C.more activities outside school
D.stricter treatment from teachers
A B C D
B
[解析] 主旨大意题。问题：作者总结到：潜在的犯罪者应当通过何种方式加以拯救?作者在文章结束时谈到a search for things to give them credit for…in their school careers．即在对待这些问题儿童时要寻找在学习成绩以外的事情上给他们以信任，不让他们继续逃学，鼓励他们更早地树立理想，抓住机会。这与选项 [B]的描述是一致的。选项[A]、[C]、[D]都是与原文无关的内容，不选。
Passage Two Why are so many people unhappy in their jobs? There are two primary reasons. First, some people are convinced that earning a living is wasting time that they could spend enjoying themselves or uncovering their true talents. If this is the case with you, recall your last long vacation. Was it two weeks of complete enjoyment? More likely it was a week and a half of fun in the sun, with another half a week of "Boy, I can't wait to get back to work." If you didn't feel such vacation blues, then imagine taking a leave of absence. You could use it to work on a novel, enroll in classes or just sit around watching TV. At the end of three months, in all likelihood, your self-esteem would be at an all-time low. While all work and no play is not good, all play and no work is disastrous. We need to feel we are accomplishing something. We also need some form of order in our lives. The second and perhaps more prevalent reason for people not to like their work is that they feel trapped. Once you've been at a company for five years and have a spouse, a mortgage and a child, you often feel you have very little choice about jumping ship if things aren't turning out as you'd planned. A steady paycheck can be the biggest manacle of all. People resent having to do something because they have no other choice. If you find yourself resenting your job because you can't afford to quit, it may be time to prepare what one career counselor humorously calls a "cyanide capsule." He recalls spy movies in which the secret agent has such a capsule hidden somewhere on his body. If he's captured and tortured unbearably, he has an option. And having an option gives him the strength to hold on a little longer in the hope that the situation may change. Rather than cyanide, your option takes the form of an up-to date resume. You might also take a weekly glance through the help-wanted section, and make some visits to industry functions where low-key networking can take place. You're not giving up on your current job. Rather, you are providing yourself with an option. If things get unbearable at work, you could jump ship. Being in this position can do wonders for your attitude. It allows you to enjoy your work since, in reality, you are there only because you want to be. At the core of adopting a positive attitude to your workplace is, above all, assuming responsibility for your own situation. Most people feel controlled by their environment, but they really aren't. They have to learn to manage that environment so they can get from it what they need.
1. The first main reason for many people's unhappiness in their jobs rises from their conviction that ______.
A.working is like killing their true talents
B.working at a job is just wasting their time
C.working is not the enjoyment they are after
D.working is the least enjoyable way of spending time
3. With an up-to-date resume ready as an option, you may feel better at your job because ______.
A.you are to do wonders in your work
B.it seems to be the only positive attitude
C.you have made a decision on your own
D.it is up to you to choose between two alternatives
A B C D
D
[解析] 推理判断题。问题：准备一份最新的简历作为选择，你可以在工作中感觉更舒服的原因是什么?从第五段我们可推知选择准备一份最新的简历时you are not giving up on you current job. you are providing yourself with an option．而[D]it is up to you to choose between two alternatives“在两种选择之间由你做主”正是对这两句话的同义转述。[B]说法过于绝对。[A]“你将在工作中制造奇迹”和[C]“工作山你做主”均不对。
4. It can be inferred that the author ______.
A.tries to sound persuasive and convincing in his opinions about career blues
B.believes that one cannot change his /her environment
C.can hardly tolerate one's complete enjoyment of life
D.quite agrees with the "up-to-date resume" attitude
A B C D
A
[解析] 推理判断题。问题：我们可推断出作者有以下哪种意图?此题可采取排除法。[B]“认为一个人不能改变自己的环境”显然错误，文章最后一段指出most people feel controlled by their environment，but… what they need可知可以改变自己的环境，不选它。[C]错，实际上作者赞同享受生活。[D]过于绝对。
5. What is the author's attitude towards "self-esteem"(Line 5, Para. 2)?
A.Unconcerned.
B.Supportive.
C.Cautious.
D.Negative.
A B C D
B
[解析] 观点态度题。问题：作者对自尊的态度是什么?从题干中的关键词self-esteem可找到相应的段落——第二段。第二段指出如果你厌烦工作，可选择度假的方式，但较长时间的不工作会让你没有成就感，丧失自我尊重感。所以作者认为all play and no work is disastrous．We need to feel we are accomplishing something．可推测作者的态度是赞成自我尊重。选[B]“支持”。[A]unconcerned“不关心”；[C]cautious“持谨慎态度”；[D]negative“持否定态度”，均不对。
Passage Three Eskimo villages today are larger and more complex than the traditional nomadic (游牧的) groups of Eskimo kinsmen. Village decision-making is organized through community councils and co-operative boards of directors, institutions which the Eskimos were encouraged by the government to adopt. They have been more readily accepted in villages like Fort Chime where there is individualistic wage ethos and where ties of kinship are less important than in the rural village such as Port Burwell, where communal sharing between kinsmen is more emphasized. Greater contact with southern Canadians and better educational facilities have shown Fort Chimo Eskimos that it is possible to argue and negotiate with the government rather than to acquiesce passively in its policies. The old-age paternalism of southern Canadians over the Eskimos has died more slowly in the rural villages where Eskimos have been more reluctant to voice their opinions aggressively. This has been a frustration to government officials trying to develop local leadership amongst the Eskimos, but a blessing to other departments whose plans have been accepted without local obstruction. In rural areas the obligations of kinship often run counter to the best interests of the village and potential leaders were restrained from making positive contribution to the village council. More recently, however, the educated Eskimos have been voicing the interests of those in the rural areas. They are trying to persuade the government to recognize the rights of fulltime hunters, by protecting their hunting territories from mining and oil prospectors, for example. The efforts of this active minority are percolating through to the remoter villages whose inhabitants are becoming increasingly vocal. Continuing change is inevitable but future development policy in Ungava must recognize that most Eskimos retain much of their traditional outlook on life. New schemes should focus on resources that the Eskimos are used to handling as the Port Burwell projects have done, rather than on enterprises such as mining where effort is all too easily consigned to an unskilled labor force. The musk-ox project at Fort Chimo and the tourist lodge at George River are new directions for future development but there are pitfalls. Since 1967 musk-oxen have been reared near Chimo for their finer-than-cashmere undercoat which can be knitted. But the farm lies eight kilometers from the village, across a river, and it has been difficult to secure Eskimo interests in the project. For several months of the year at the freeze-up of the river ice the river cannot be crossed easily, and a small number of Eskimo herdsmen become isolated from the amenities and social life in Fort Chimo. The original herd of fifteen animals is beginning to breed but it will be difficult to attract more herdsmen as long as other employment is available within the village.
Passage Four Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses' pay to various performance measure, and giving bosses share options so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders. These reforms have been widely adopted by America's larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended. Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss's friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders. All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, "independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performances. To assess the impact of performance related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But these researchers uncovered a startling finding: executives "attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that determine a company's overall success". In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage, which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is a paradox for the management theorists: any boss who cannot beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.
1. The purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors is to ______.
A.diversify the business of the corporation
B.protect the interests of the shareholders
C.introduce effective reforms in business management
D.enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive.
B.The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits.
C.Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves.
D.The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.
A B C D
C
[解析] 事实细节题。根据最后一段第一句的总结，老板总能够利用公司管理为自己谋利(bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage)，[C]项与此相符。文中提及公司高层管理者往往采取一些能增加他们自己薪水的措施，而不顾公司的长远利益，可见他们的高薪物不所值， [A]错误。[B]、[D]两项和[C]相比，没有[C]选项全面，其内容只不过是分述了[C]选项的两种表达形式而已。
5. The author's attitude toward the efforts to control senior executives would be ______.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. This diploma ______ that you have completed high school.
11. He was clean-shaven, wore glasses and had dark hair with a ______ spot.
A.bald
B.bare
C.barren
D.bleak
A B C D
A
[解析] 语义连贯题。从题意来看，是说他头上有一块秃的地方。bald“光秃的，无天然遮盖物的”，尤指部分或全部秃顶的。[B]bare指简单而无修饰的，几乎是空的，如a bare room(一间空房子)；[C]barren指没有天然覆盖物的，尤指不生长植物的，不结果实的，不生育的，无结果的；[D]bleak可用于人或物，特别指无遮蔽的房屋和景色，也指不愉快的表情，如 a bleak hillside(荒凉的山坡)。 [句意] 他胡子刮得光光的，戴着眼镜，黑头发上面有一处秃顶。
12. This portrait of self-destruction is told through the contrast of two singing sisters, one famous and one ______.
20. The sky was so clear in fact that the communications crew and recovery team could watch the balloon ______ to its maximum altitude with the naked eye.
A.hike
B.elevate
C.escalate
D.ascend
A B C D
D
[解析] 语义连贯题。气球的上升是缓慢地、逐渐地，ascend指物体逐渐或继续上升。[A]hike作不及物动词时意为“升起”，尤指从某处升起，如 My coat had hiked up in the back．(我外套后面鼓了起来)；[B] elevate指举起或抬起某物；[C]escalate“逐步上升，逐步增强”，不指事物海拔的升高。 [句意] 天空是如此的明朗，以至于通信人员和恢复队可以用裸眼看到气球上升到它的最高高度。
21. The course is very popular and the quotas are limited, so it's best to ______ as soon as possible.
22. All the people hold that this talented university student recruited by IBM is on the ______ of a brilliant career.
A.corridor
B.threshold
C.edge
D.entrance
A B C D
B
[解析] 惯用搭配题。on the threshold of为习惯用语，意为“在…的开头，在…快要开始的时候，在…的前夕”。on the edge of意为“在边缘上；快要，眼看”。[A]corridor“走廊”；[D]entrance“入口，门口”。 [句意] 所有的人都认为这个被IBM录用的天才大学生正处于他辉煌职业的开端。
23. By a strange ______ the king was assassinated on the very spot where his grandfather had been killed.
29. Winning a ring would be the ______ moment of his career.
A.turbulent
B.tremendous
C.triumphant
D.tentative
A B C D
C
[解析] 逻辑关系题：解释。winning a ring是对triumphant的解释，故选[C]。[A]turbulent“狂暴的，吵闹的”；[B]tremendous表示大得惊人，令人敬畏；[D]tentative“试探的，尝试性的”。 [句意] 赢得一场拳击比赛将成为他职业生涯中最辉煌的时刻。
30. Scientists are claiming a major ______ in the treatment of cancer and AIDS.
A.distinction
B.breakthrough
C.identification
D.interpretation
A B C D
B
[解析] 语义连贯题。四个选项中能和in the treatment形成合理搭配的是[D]breakthrough。[A]distinction表示“区别”时常与between…and…搭配；[C]identification“辨认，鉴定，证明”和[D]interpretation“阐释，阐明”一般和of搭配。 [句意] 科学家们宣称在治疗癌症和艾滋病方面取得了重大突破。
Part Ⅳ Error Correction Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (—) in the blank. It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in such short a period S1 ______ of time challenges explanation. Language learning begins with listening. Individual children varying greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start S2 ______ speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some time before they can speak, but the S3 ______ word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delight S4 ______ cooperation usually shown by the child. After they can speak, many S5 ______ children will ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to trace the development from the voices babies S6 ______ make to their first spoken words leads to considerable-difficulties. What is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first S7 ______ few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indic- ative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed , either, that from S8 ______ about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment and by six S9 ______ months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds make S10 ______ or words spoken to them by other people . The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that their imitations can be consid- ered as speech.
1.
such—so
[解析] 此处关键是要注意so和such的不同用法。so后面可以直接跟形容词，如so nice a day。 such后面只可接名词，如 such a nice day。
Part Ⅴ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Keep Healthy Psychologically? You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
One in four people will experience some kind of mental health problem in the course of a year. When you fail to manage to control these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses and, as a result of physiological imbalance, physical illnesses. You may not be able to live a normal life, let alone a fulfilling one. The causes of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another. In today's society, a good number of people are suffering from heavy pressure. Others are lacking in communication skills and feel they are living in an isolated world. In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit. There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy. Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something to make a change. Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercise to release the pressure. After all, your health is what counts most. Lastly, you may find it helpful to your partner, a relative or a friend about your problems, or seek support and advice from a psychological consultant.
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