5. We have a responsibility to ensure our nation's continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic scientific research.
14. In general, the British people belong to one of the more affluent countries of Europe and enjoy a high standard of living compared to the rest of the world.
15. To absorb a younger work force, many companies offered retirement plans as incentives for older workers to retire and make way for the younger ones who earned lower salaries.
Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesn't take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well. Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip (故意略去) breakfast. If we don't eat breakfast, we are likely to become tired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This might work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day. People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isn't a good idea. The body expects to he refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast. A healthy breakfast should contain some protein (蛋白质) and some fiber (纤维). Protein can come from meat, eggs, beans, or soy (大豆). Fiber can be found in whole cereals (谷物), grains or in fruits. A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk.
1. Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work.
1. It is important to make your child interested in science from an early age. Most young children ask a lot of questions and you should give careful scientific answers. Don't only give facts but try to give explanations as well. 2. Science is not just knowledge; it is a way of thinking, a method of finding out about the world. We see something. We try to explain it, and we test our idea by setting up all experiments. One day you come home and find the plant on the table has fallen over. You think it might be the wind from the open window or the cat. So you close the window, but leave the cat in and see what happens (you can also try leaving the window open and shunning the cat out). Of course, you remember there may be a third explanation. 3. Ask your child to get a piece of string, some salt, a glass of water and an ice cube (冰块). Tell her to put the ice in the water, and then put one end of the string on the ice, leaving the other end over the side of the glass. Put a lime salt on the ice, wait a minute, and then pull the string, it should be attached to the ice. Ask the child: "what has happened?" 4. Probably she won't know. Ask her whether fresh water or salt water freezes into ice first. If you live near the sea and have a cold winter, she should know fresh water freezes first as she will have seen that happen. Show her how to test the idea by half-filling two paper cups with water. Then put them in the icebox and check every three minutes. Write the results in a table. The conclusion will be that salt changes the behavior of water, thinking about the string, we see the salt turned some of the ice into water. Then the salt went away into the water and the ice froze again leaving the string attached. 5. Then you can ask, "Will water with salt boil at the same temperature as water without salt?" She can think, tell you her idea and (taking care the heat) you can test it in the kitchen. A. What exactly is science. B. How do you find an explanation. C. What topics do you need. D. How do you answer your child's questions. E. Where does your child study science. F. How do you set up the experiment on salt and water.
5. When your child asks you questions, you should give her ______. A. the icebox B. the ice C. science answer D. the experiment E. the world F. water
C
[解析] 根据第一段第二句话“Most young children ask a lot of questions and you should give careful scientific answers”可知，大部分孩子会问很多问题，你应该仔细地给出科学的答案，所以本题选C。
6. We set up experiments to test our ideas about ______.
E
[解析] 根据第二段内容“it is a way of thinking, a method of finding out about the world.. and we test our idea by setting up all experiments.”可知，这是一种思考发现世界的办法，我们通过进行试验来证明我们的观点，所以本题选E。
7. In the experiment, one end of the string was attached to ______.
B
[解析] 根据第三段倒数第二句话“and then pull the string, it should be attached to the ice.”可知，拉住绳子，因为绳子应该连接到冰块上，所以本题选B。
8. the experiment shows that salt changes the behavior of ______.
F
[解析] 根据第四段内容“The conclusion will be that salt changes the behavior of water”可知，结论是盐改变了水的状态，所以本题选F。
第4部分：阅读理解 请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
第一篇 Counterfeit
Making and selling fake copies of well-known products has been a nice little earner for crafty craftsmen over thousands of years: In Roman Gaul, unscrupulous potters would put the seals of better-known competitors on their urns so they would sell better. Until the 1980s, counterfeiting was a relatively small-scale business restricted mainly to copying luxury fashion items, such as watches and leather goods, in limited quantities. But in the 1990s it was transformed into a much bigger, broader industry, with large-scale production and distribution of false versions of such everyday items as biscuits and shampoo. Modern technology is making it ever easier to create near-perfect copies of branded goods for a fraction of the retail price of the real thing. By its nature, the extent of counterfeiting is hard to measure precisely, but a study by the International Chamber of Commerce reckoned that it grew from perhaps 3% of world trade in 1990 to 5% in 1995. John Pepper, hairman of Proter & Gamble, a consumer-goods multinational, says it may now be 7%～9%, or over $450 billion a year. In some developing countries, the authorities have had, at best, an ambivalent attitude towards the booming manufacture of fake goods in their midst. After all, it creates jobs for local people and, at first sight, appears only to hurt foreign firms. Thus the richer countries whose firms are the main victims have had to use a mixture of persuasion and threats to get poorer nations to crack down on the pirates. The Uruguay round of world trade talks, which ended in 1994, resulted in agreement on the Trade Related Aspects of intellectual Property Rights (Trips), which obliges all mender countries of the World Trade Organization to impose penalties for counterfeiting and other breaches of intellectual property rights; to enforce their piracy laws adequately; and to heap firms inhibit trade in faked versions of their products. Besides offering poorer countries trade privileges in return for a clampdown on counterfeiting, rich countries have tried convincing them that if they try harder to enforce intellectual property rights, they will win more foreign investment. But, realizing that persuasion is having little effect, they are also resorting to threats: On January 15th, America issued a warning to the Philippines, the world's leading piracy centers, that they may have their trade privileges taken away unless they crack down harder on the counterfeiting gangs.
1. The first paragraph is written to tell us that ______.
A.the history of counterfeiting is more than thousands of years
B.counterfeiting is an effective way to make more money
C.modem technology is responsible for the booming manufacture of fake goods
B.the difficulty in measuring the extent of counterfeiting
C.a study by the International Chamber of Commerce
D.what John Pepper chairman of Procter & Gamble says
A B C D
A
[解析] 第二段首句即提出“the extent of counterfeiting”难于精确测量，但是，后面通过列举数字和事实，对其进行了估计，因此A项正确。C，D两项只是用来阐述A项的，B项则完全未曾提到。
3. The underlined word "ambivalent" in the third paragraph most probably means ______.
A.critical
B.contradictory
C.positive
D.negative
A B C D
B
[解析] 联系此词出现的句子，可知此词代表当局对假货制造的态度，紧接着作者分析“After all, it creates jobs for local people and, at first sight appears only to hurt foreign films.”由此可知，当局对其很矛盾，应选B项。critical“批评的”，positive“积极的”，negative“消极的”。
4. For poorer countries to crack down on counterfeiting ______.
A.more jobs have to be created there for local people
B.rich countries resort to both persuasion and threats
C.the World Trade Organization was set up
D.the Uruguay round of world trade talks was held in 1994
A B C D
B
[解析] 由文中第三段中“the richer countries whose firms are the main victims have had to use a mixture of persuasion and threats to get poorer nations to crack down on the pirates.”可知，较富裕国家的公司成为主要受害者，他们不得不利用劝告和威胁的办法来制裁贫穷国家的盗版问题，所以选B。
5. Rich countries intend to ______.
A.offer poorer countries trade privileges
B.take away file trade privileges they have given poorer countries
C.clamp down counterfeiting in poorer countries
D.threaten the counterfeiting gangs in Philippines
A B C D
C
[解析] 由最后一段“...in return for a clampdown on counterfeiting... if they try harder to enforce intellectual-property rights”“...Unless they crack down harder on the counterfeiting gangs”，可知，富裕国家除了为制裁盗版的贫穷国家提供贸易优先权外，还试图让贫穷国家相信，如果他们能加强知识产权，他们将获得更多的国外投资，同时还警告菲律宾，除非他们制裁盗版团伙，他们才有可能获得被剥夺的贸易优先权，由此可知，富裕国家主要制裁贫穷国家的盗版问题，所以选C。
第二篇
第二篇 Deport them or not
In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come, work and live here? In the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing. On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorities in 14 states staged "Operation Safe Travel" -raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification (身份证明). In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocumented workers' illegal status made them open to blackmail (讹诈) by terrorists. Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods. Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent, "We're saying we want you to work in these places, we're going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it's convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then you're disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons," Anderson said. If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone oil quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. Ana Castro, a manager at a Ben & Jerry's ice cream shop at the airport, had been working 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid. Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation (驱逐出境). Castro's case is currently waiting to be settled. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry's.
1. According to the author, the United States claims to be a nation ______.
4. By saying "we're going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are" (Line 2, Para. 4), Mayor Anderson means ______.
A.we will turn a blind eye to your illegal status
B.we will examine the laws in a different way
C.there are other ways of enforcing the law
D.the existing laws must not be ignored
A B C D
A
[解析] 由题干中的“we're going to look the other way”定位到第四段。在Anderson市长的话中，and连接的前后两句实际上是转折关系。“look the other way”本意是指有意忽视某些不好的方面，结合后面的“一旦国家安全被提上日程，移民工人就只能被打发掉了”推测，“look the other way in terms of what our laws are”应是指美国在劳动力紧缺时期对移民工人的非法地位睁一只眼闭一只眼。
5. What do we learn about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?
There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environment, familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both. For some years, the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families, namely dietary salt, has been studied at Brook-haven National Laboratory. These studies suggest that chronic excess salt ingestion (摄取) can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals. Some individuals, however, and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure. No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments, some salt-fed animals never develop hypertension (高血压) whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertensions followed by early death. These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution. By mating in successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion, a resistant strain (the R strain) has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly. In contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt, a sensitive strain (the S strain) has also been developed. The availability of these two strains permits investigations not therefore possible. They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human developing methods by which genetic susceptibility (敏感性) of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance.
1. The main idea of this passage is ______.
A.Genetic constitution, or hereditary factor is all important factor that may underlie hypertension
B.Excessive use of salt may cause high blood pressure
C.Shared environmental factors may lead to familial disease
D.There are two different kinds of strains in animals which cause their different reactions to excess salt ingestion
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据第一段前两句话“There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in Dart, a familial disease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environment, familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both.”可知，有证据证明，在某种程度上，高血压是一种家族性疾病，因为家人有相似的基因，生活在相似的环境中，所以家族性疾病可归因于有共同的基因影响，共同的环境因素，或者两者都有，文章接着从遗传方面分析盐的摄入量与高血压的关系，所以选A。
2. The study made by Brook-haven National Laboratory shows ______.
A.Shared environmental factors can cause hypertension
B.Dietary salt can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals
C.Some rats not some individuals do not develop high blood pressure by consuming large amounts of salt
D.High blood pressure can be developed as a result of too much consumption of dietary salt
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据第一段第四句话“These studies suggest that chronic excess salt ingestion (摄取) can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals.”可知，这些研究表明，长期过量食用食盐可能导致人和动物的高血压，所以选D。
3. The main difference between the "R" strain and the "S" strain lies in their ______.
A.quantities of salt consumed
B.choice of mating partner
C.blood pressure
D.reaction to salt
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据第二段可知，两个例子的作用在于对比动物对不同盐量的反应。
4. In the second sentence of the last paragraph, the word "they" refers ______.
A.Scientists engaged in the experiments
B.Investigations made by people
C.The resistant strain and the sensitive strain
D.The availability of the two strains
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据上下文，上一句表明they可能指“the two strains”，也可能指investigations，但下句则排除了指代investigations的可能性。
5. What can you infer from the passage?
A.The experiments show that salt ingestion does not necessarily cause animals to develop hypertension by pretension with the environmental factors being equal.
B.Dietary salt is harmful to human being's health.
C.Human beings' high blood pressure will never be easily put under control.
D.In order not to develop hypertension, man should consume chemically pure salt.
A B C D
A
[解析] B明显不符合原文；D文中没有提及；根据最后一段第二、三句话，C也错。
第5部分：补全短文 请根据短文内容将其分别将句子放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Why Would They Falsely Confess?
Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people, it just doesn't seem logical. But it is logical, say experts, if you understand what could happen in a police interrogation (审讯) room. Under the right conditions, people's minds are susceptible (易受影响的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects during police grilling (盘问) is enormous. 1 "The pressure is important to understand because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn't do. The answer is to put an end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess." Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn't do. 2 The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility. Redlich's findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. 3 Of the 15 to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions, as did 78 percent of the 12 to 13-year-olds. "There's no question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, Professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar results. 4 A psychology Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning-and still, most participants falsely confessed. Because of the stress of a police interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. 5 A. In her experiment participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the "Alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems. B. "In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational decision." C. "It's a little like somebody's working on them with a dental (牙齿的) drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley. D. "But adults are highly vulnerable too." E. How could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn't do? F. Redlich also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false confession.
Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling. Scraps of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless 1 on God's earth. What we should 2 at producing is men who possess both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start 3 , and their culture will lead them as 4 as philosophy and as high as art. We have to remember that the valuable 5 development is self-development, and that it 6 takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve. In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must beware of what I will call "inert ideas"-that is to say, ideas that are merely 7 into the mind without being utilized, or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations. In the history of education, the most 8 phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a 9 generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overladen with inert ideas. Except at 10 intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically 11 with inert ideas. That is the reason why 12 clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible 13 of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity 14 greatness has been a 15 protest against inert ideas.
[解析] aim at doing“目的在于；旨在”。本题考查词组搭配。根据原文第一句“Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling”形成一种呼应，进一步论证学习文化的目的。而选项point at/ to“指向，表明”，clutch“抓住，攫住，掌握”，clutch at“企图抓住”；snap out of“迅速从……中恢复过来”；snap up“抢购，抢先弄到手”均不符合题意。
[解析] mostly“大部分；主要地”。根据本句中的“between the age of sixteen and thirty”以及第三段的“in middle life so much the most...”，可见这种情况“大多数”发生在16岁到30岁之间。而random“随便地，任意地”，seldom“很少，不常”，regularly“定期地，有规则地”均不符合题意。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题