1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.
The real problem with pollution is people — the way people think about their environment, and their relationship with it. We are all reluctant to accept the fact that our natural resources are fixed — fixed, in fact, since the earth was created. We want to go on using virgin materials. We are not educated on reusing resources, or even placing a value on "waste" products. We are a crisis society. Currently, we are fearful of losing the use of our water and air to pollution. In one context, it is probably a good thing that we are so concerned because now we will begin to adjust our thinking on the values of natural resources. We once thought of water and air as flee. They are not, not any more than the land is free. People have not wanted to be educated on the part they must play in solving our environment problems.
[解析] 第一遍听音时记录pollution,environment,resources等关键词,把握文章主题。 如果不仔细就容易把破折号写成逗号,停顿后的内容是对people的进一步说明,不可能用逗号。 reluctant to之间不完全爆破。 本句中不可能存在两个fixed连用,因此两者之间存在某种符号。由后面的in fact可知,两者之间应该是解释说明关系,因此符号为破折号。 注意virgin materials的拼写,不要丢掉s。 此处可能意识不到要加引号。 注意natural resources的拼写。 not any more than意为“同……一样不”,平时注意这些短语的积累。
PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION In sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
[听力原文] M: Oh, hello, Lee Dong. Come on in, and how have you been keeping recently? W: Quite all right, thanks, Dr. Francis. How is your project going? M: Very smoothly, I should say. I'm playing a consultancy role, really. I have only been here a month, but I'm already on very good terms with my colleagues in the Department of Computer Science, Well, I'm happy that you could come. Do sit down, please. W: Dr. Francis, do you know I've got a chance to go to Cambridge in August? I wonder if you could tell me something about Britain. M: Certainly. Well, I was actually brought up in Scotland. Erm, in tact, I've never been to Cambridge. But well...yes, I'm sure I can give you some useful tips. Now, what do you want to know, Lee Dong? W: Things like weather. What's the usual temperature there? M: Mmm, the temperature in Scotland is 22, or 23 degrees centigrade on average, I think. But Cambridge would be warmer, around 25, I would guess, because it's down south. W: Oh, that's nice. Do you know it is 34 here? Last year it reached 39, By the way, where do you think I should stay? M: Oh, that's important. You can, er...I suppose, stay in the college-owned flats, which are often near where you have your classes, and some are even on the campus. That would certainly be convenient. W: Yes, it would. M: But it can also be a disadvantage because you are, in a sense, separate from ordinary society. You are a language teacher, and I think learning from society is a valuable experience. W: Yes, yes, exactly, so what's the alternative? M: Maybe finding an English family. I know of a student Ali from the Middle East. He told me that he had learned a lot by staying with a British family. W: Thank you, I think it's quite a good suggestion. By the way, Dr. Francis, do you think I could...?
[解析] 题干中的NOT为定位信息,录音中没提到的或与原文内容相矛盾的为答案。由男士所说I'm playing a consultancy role可知C不属实,故为答案。
2. What is the temperature in Cambridge?
A.22.
B.23.
C.25.
D.34.
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题考查数字信息,所以要特别留意数字。由But Cambridge would be warmer, around 25...可知答案为C。
3. What is the best choice for the woman?
A.She should live on campus.
B.She should live with an English family.
C.She should live in the University Society.
D.She should live with friends.
A B C D
B
[解析] A和C都说的是居住地点,而B和D都说的是居住方式,故在听的过程中要特别留意哪方面是有用信息。又因为所有选项均以she should开头,故男士提的建议是听音重点。再由You are a language teacher...is a valuable experience和Maybe finding an English family可知答案为B。
Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
4. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A.They are friends.
B.They have never met before.
C.They are lovers.
D.They are classmates.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] M: Excuse me. Are you going to buy concert tickets? W: Yes, I am. So are all these people in front of me. M: Have you been here long? W: About 45 minutes. I've moved forward a total of about 3 feet in that time. M: You are kidding. W: Not at all. There was a couple up ahead of me who got so disgusted they finally gave up and left. They said they've been waiting for more than an hour. M: Terrific. Does any one know what's causing the delay? W: If so, no one has let us know. It could be that there aren't enough people selling tickets this afternoon. Or maybe their computer is down. I'm sure the concert hasn't been cancelled. M: I just hope they don't run out of tickets before I get up there. W: That really would be annoying, wouldn't it? M: I guess I should have come before lunch. Or has it been like this all day? W: Apparently it has. In fact, before I came I tried calling to charge my tickets over the phone, just to avoid this long wait. But they are not taking phone orders, or checks, or credit cards. It's cash or nothing, and you have to come in person. M: Well, there are two more hours before the tickets office closes. Tickets for a good concert are worth waiting for. So I think I'll just make myself comfortable.
[解析] 对话中说话者之间的关系一般可以从他们刚见面时的问候语中得知。由Excuse me. Are you going to buy concert tickets?可以推测两个人之前应该是互不相识的,故答案为B。
5. What is the cause of the long waiting?
A.The computer of the place goes wrong.
B.There aren't enough people selling tickets.
C.The tickets are not many.
D.They haven't mentioned about it.
A B C D
D
[解析] 由文中...no one has let us know可知答案为D。
6. What does the man think about the long waiting?
A.He thinks it terrific.
B.He thinks the waiting is worthy.
C.He feels comfortable waiting so long.
D.He feels disgusted.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据常识,C可能不是答案,故将答案锁定在其他三个选项之间。题目问的是男士怎样看待长时间排队买票,由男士的回答Tickets for a good concert are worth waiting for可知答案为B。
Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
[听力原文] W: Good morning. Can I help you sir? M: Yes, good morning. Er, my name is Adams. I am going to a conference in Sydney in July. W: Yes. How long for? M: I expect to be there for about three weeks. W: I see. Well, there is an excursion fare. M: How much would that be? W: 795 pounds. That allows you one stopover, one stopover outside Australia. M: Only one stopover? W: Yes, that's a restriction on excursion fares; one stopover and not in Australia. M: I see. Well, I suppose it would be nice to have a stopover in the far east somewhere, Hong Kong or Bangkok. Hm. And there's another point. Er, I'm going with two friends and we have got a friend in Perth in Australia. Now we all know him and it would be very nice to visit him on the way back to London after the conference. W: Sorry sit. You've got to remember, no stopover in Australia on the excursion fare. Of course, you could pay the full fare. M: Mm. No, I don't really want that. W: Or, well, there is something else you can do. You could take a single ticket to Sydney, that's 400 pounds, and a ticket from Sydney to Perth, about 150 pounds, and then another single Perth to London, that's about 420. That's much less than the full fare. But remember, no stopovers allowed on single flights, so you wouldn't be able to go to Bangkok or Hong Kong. M: I see. Well, I'd just fly directly back to London. But look, if you don't mind I think I'll talk it over with my friends first and I'll come back in a few days' time. Um, I hope they'll come to Perth with me. I'd really like to see my friends. Anyway, um, I'll see you later. W: That's fine. I'll see you next week perhaps. Goodbye. M: Bye.
[解析] 与A、B、C相比,D并没有提到出行票价的具体劣势,故很可能不是答案。由that's a restriction on excursion fares, one stopover and not in Australia可知答案为B。
8. What happens if Adams stops at Perth?
A.He can't meet his friends.
B.The flight goes without him.
C.He has to pay more than 795 pounds.
D.He can't stop at Hong Kong then.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据对话中提到的You've got to remember, no stopover in Australia on the excursion fare...you could pay the full fare可知答案为C。
9. How much is the fare from Sydney to Perth?
A.400 pounds.
B.150 pounds.
C.420 pounds.
D.795 pounds.
A B C D
B
[解析] 题目中的from Sydney to Perth为定位信息,故要注意听与之相关的数字信息。由对话中的a ticket from Sydney to Perth, about 150 pounds可知答案为B。
10. What has the man decided to do?
A.To buy a ticket now.
B.To buy a ticket at Perth.
C.To go to Perth first.
D.To talk to his friends.
A B C D
D
[解析] A和B都提到买票的事情,故这两个可能都不是答案,从而将答案锁定在C和D之间。再由对话中的I think I'll talk it over with my friends first...可知答案为D。
SECTION B PASSAGES In this section you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
[听力原文] More than 40 years ago, John Williams gave away all of his belongings and went off to the mountains to live the way people lived 100 years ago. For food he traps wild animals, fishes in the rivers, and plants whatever he can. John lives in a cabin he made by hand, Out of trees he chopped down with an ax. Though he has no relatives that he knows of, he does have a deer he raised from a fawn. The deer lives in the house in the winter and goes with John when he goes into the forest mountains and John has not been out of the mountains during the entire forty years. One day last year I hiked in to see how John lives. It was like going back in time. There were no roads, no stores, no noise, no pollution, not even a post office. Most notable of all, there were no people and that's just the way John Williams wants to keep his part of the world without people. But there is a paradox in his story. John is an educated man. He has books and nobody knows how he got them. Mostly he reads about his world, the forest, the animals, the plants, and the mountains. He has seen airplanes flying overhead but does not want to know about them. For him, electricity's lightning. John Williams is 85 years old and has not had a sick day in his life. He attributes his long life to the fact that he has nothing to do with people and in order that he might enjoy many more years of health, happiness, and solitude. I will not tell you where his kingdom lies. There is no room there for you or me.
[解析] 根据常识,动物的皮毛一般不用来盖房子,故C很可能不是答案。cabin意为“简陋的小屋(通常为木制的)”,由此可推测约翰·威廉姆斯的房子是由木头建成的,故A很有可能是答案。这可由原文中的John lives in a cabin...made out of trees he chopped down with an ax得到验证。
2. John Williams has lived in his present location
A.since he was born.
B.since he graduated from college.
C.since his wife died.
D.almost half his life.
A B C D
D
[解析] 题目的主语都是John Williams,由此可推测本文主要是有关他一个人的故事,并没有提到其他人,故C很可能不是答案。再由原文中的John has not been out of the mountains during the entire forty years和John Williams is 85 years old可知答案为D。
3. According to the speaker, which of the following could John Williams not use in his cabin?
[解析] 如前所述,文章只提到了约翰·威廉姆斯,没提到其他人,故D很可能不是答案。再由原文中的...Williams wants to keep his part of the world without people可知答案为A。
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
[听力原文] Any mistake made in the printing of a stamp raises its value to stamp collectors. A mistake on one cheap postage stamp has made the stamp worth a million and a half times its original value. The mistake was made more than a hundred years ago in the British colony of Mauritius, a small island in the Indian Ocean. In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer — Mauritius was to become the fourth country in the world to issue stamps. Before the order was filled and delivered, a ball was planned at Mauritius Government House, and stamps were needed to send out the invitations. A local printer was instructed to copy the design for the stamps. He wrote by chance the words "Post Office" instead of "Post Paid" on the several hundred stamps that he printed. Today there are only 26 of these wrongly printed stamps left — fourteen One Penny Orange Reds and twelve Two Penny Blues. Because of the Two Penny Blue's rareness and age, collectors have paid as much as $16,800 for it.
[解析] 题目涉及在1847年世界上大部分国家处于一种什么状态,由In 1847 an order for stamps was sent to a London printer...可知答案为A。
6. The mistake on the locally-printed postage stamps was in the
A.spelling of postage.
B.use of words.
C.price.
D.color.
A B C D
B
[解析] 由原文中提到的...the words "Post Office" instead of "Post Paid"...可知这是用词错误,故答案为B。
7. It can be inferred that
A.all correctly printed stamps are worthless.
B.Mauritius needed the stamps to send out invitations to a ball.
C.the printer was punished for his mistake.
D.collectors are constantly looking for stamps with mistakes.
A B C D
D
[解析] A、C、D均与邮票印刷的正确与否有关,而B却与此没有多大联系,故可首先排除。再由原文开头提到的Any mistake...raises its value to stamp collectors可知答案为D。
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
B.to find navigation lane from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
C.to make a voyage to Asia.
D.to carry men to Philippines.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] Early in the 16th century men were trying to reach Asia by traveling west from Europe. In order to find Asia they had to find a way past South America. The man who eventually found the way from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan sailed from Seville in August 1519 with five ships and about 280 men. Fourteen months later, after spending the severe winter on the coast of Patagonia, he discovered the channel which is now called Magellan's Strait. In November 1520, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms, the three remaining ships entered the ocean on the other side of South America. They then continued, hoping to reach Asia, but they did not see any land until they reached the islands off the coast of Asia. Before they arrived at these islands, later known us the Philippines, men were dying of starvation. While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in battle. The remaining officers then had to get back to Spain. They decided to sail around Africa. After many difficulties, one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained of Magellan's expedition. However, their achievement was great. They were the first men to sail round the world.
[解析] 结合题干和选项,只有一个选项提到探险的目的是环游世界,故A很可能不是答案。由原文中的In order to find Asia they had to find a way...和The man...found the way...was Ferdinand Magellan可知答案为C。
9. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage concerning the expedition?
A.Lack of navigation equipment.
B.Severe winter in Patagonia.
C.The death of Magellan.
D.Dangers from rocks and storms.
A B C D
A
[解析] 题干中的NOT为定位信息,录音中没提到的或与原文内容相矛盾的为答案。由after spending the severe winter on the coast of Patagonia, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms和Magellan was killed in battle可知,B、C、D均有提及,只有A没有提到,故为答案。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. The casualties for the rival Muslim militias were
A.three.
B.twenty.
C.ninety-four.
D.ninety-seven.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Tank and rocket fire thundered through Kabul yesterday as rival Muslim militias battled for control. It is reported that Kabul's two main hospitals reported three dead and 94 injured. The war escalated on Tuesday as factions exchanged rocket fire with rivals controlling the southern suburbs. Plumes of dust and smoke rose from strategic mountain tops amid an incessant roar of tank and rocket fire. Most people stayed off the streets. Rocket attacks were reported by local newspapers in many parts of the city. At least 20 rockets landed in the northern suburb which suffered the worst destruction.
[解析] 做数字题时,考生应该对听到的数字信息作简要笔记,并根据题干的要求辨清所听数字,或通过简单加减乘除来得出答案。由新闻中提到的...three dead and 94 injured可知答案为D。
2. ______ reported the rocket attacks.
A.Two hospitals
B.Local newspapers
C.A news agency
D.Leaders of the main factions
A B C D
B
[解析] 题目涉及谁报道了火箭袭击事件,由新闻中提到的Rocket attacks were reported by local newspapers...可知答案为B。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
3. According to the news, ice from Greenland gives information about
A.oxygen.
B.ancient weather.
C.carbon dioxide.
D.temperature.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] Scientists say they can tell what air and sea conditions were like hundreds of thousands of years ago. They say pieces of ice taken from Greenland provide such information. Scientists took the ice from more than 15 miles deep in huge masses of ice that float on the sea. The ice represents 25,000 years of history. It provides one of the clearest records of ancient weather. European and American scientific teams have been studying ice from the same area to confirm each other's findings. They measured the oxygen and carbon dioxide in the ice for the temperature. From these measurements, the scientific teams say that the past 10,000 years is the only period during which temperature has not changed very much.
[解析] 本题的答案与weather或temperature有关,故将答案锁定在B和D之间。再由新闻中提到的It provides one of the clearest records of ancient weather可知答案为B。
4. Why are there two teams to study the same ice?
A.Because they belong to different countries.
B.Because they compete against each other.
C.Because they want to confirm their findings.
D.Because there are too many pieces of ice for only one team.
A B C D
C
[解析] A和B的意思相近,故这两项可能都不是答案。由European and American scientific teams...from the same area to confirm each other's findings可知答案为C。
5. It can be inferred from the measurements that 20,000 years ago,
A.the weather must have been warmer.
B.the weather must have been colder.
C.the weather had remained almost the same.
D.the weather had changed a lot.
A B C D
D
[解析] C和D的意思相反,故其中之一可能为答案。再由...the past 10,000 years is the only period during which temperature has not changed very much可推断两万年前的气候总在变化之中,故答案为D。
Questions 26 and 27 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
6. What does The Moment of Isaac Newton refer to in the news?
A.A discussion about Newton's theory.
B.A conference held in the honor of Newton.
C.A display of Newton's works in the library.
D.An exhibition of documents and other items about Newton.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Here we bring you to The Moment of Isaac Newton. Science and the Making of Modern Culture displays hundreds of documents and other items among the unforgettable marble pillars and arches of the Gottesman Exhibition Hall, on Fifth Avenue at 42nd Street. Some manuscripts, borrowed from the University of Cambridge Library, have never been shown before in the U.S. The exhibition presents not just Newton's writings, but also their context and their consequences, aiming to reveal how this abstract body of knowledge actually transformed our entire culture, says curator Mordechai Feingold, a professor of history at the California Institute of Technology.
[解析] 题干关键词为The Moment of Isaac Newton,所以要特别注意该关键词出现的前后信息。由关键词后的Science and the Making of Modern Culture displays hundreds of documents and other items...the Gottesman Exhibition Hall可知答案为D。
7. Who is Mordechai Feingold?
A.The president of the University of Cambridge.
B.The chairman of Science and the Making of Modem Culture.
C.A faithful follower of Newton.
D.A professor at the California Institute of Technology.
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题中的Mordechai Feingold为位信息,故要特别留意与之相关的信息。由新闻中的Mordechai Feingold, a professor of history at the California Institute of Technology可知答案为D。
Questions 28 and 29 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
B.planning an attack which is more devastating than the 9·11.
C.smuggling liquid bombs through airlines.
D.plotting to blow up 7 trans-Atlantic planes.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] A court in London has found three British Muslim men guilty of conspiracy to murder by plotting to blow up planes bound for North America. It would have been the most devastating attack since 9·11 had it succeeded. Prosecutors alleged the plot had been to smuggle liquid bombs onto at least seven trans-Atlantic airlines and then detonate them midair. But the plotters had been under surveillance and were arrested before they could carry it out. Their arrests led to travel chaos and restrictions on carrying liquids onto planes that persist to this day. The verdicts will come as a huge relief to the British authorities after the massive investigation into the plot and two costly trials.
[解析] 新闻开头提到“伦敦一法庭发现三名英国穆斯林男子犯有密谋谋杀罪。这三名男子计划在飞往北美的飞机上实施爆炸行为”;后面又说“该阴谋计划向至少7架跨大西洋航班偷运液体炸弹,在空中将其引爆”。由此看出,D是对原文的同义转述,同时排除A、C。B是对It would have been the most devastating attack since 9·11...的错误理解。
9. According to the news, the far-reaching impact of the conspiracy was that
A.tourism of the city was seriously affected.
B.carrying liquids onto planes is still restricted up to this day.
C.it showed the government's ability to investigate the plot.
D.the British authorities would find some relief after the verdicts.
A B C D
B
[解析] 本题关键词为the far-reaching impact (深远影响)。新闻结尾部分提到,Their arrests led to...restrictions on carrying liquids onto planes that persist to this day,由此可见,B为本题答案。
10. Question 30 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A.The Kairuku penguin became extinct about 25 million years ago.
B.The Kairuku penguin lived in the Oligocene time period.
C.The fossil penguin is reconstructed in New Zealand.
D.The research is published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.
[听力原文] A large extinct penguin has been reconstructed from fossil remains discovered in New Zealand. Researchers used bones from two separate examples of the ancient birds, using the skeleton of a modern king penguin as a guide. They show the 25 million-year-old Kairuku penguin was tall at 1.2m (4ft 2ins), with an elongated beak and large flippers. The team's work appears in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. The reconstruction shows that the Kairuku penguin was easily the largest of the five species that were common to New Zealand during the Oligocene time period. The efforts were partly inspired by the bird's unusual body shape, which is different from any other known penguin, living or extinct. "Kairuku was an elegant bird by penguin standards, with a slender body and long flippers, but short, thick legs and feet," said co-author Dr. Dan Ksepka, from North Carolina State University, U.S..
[解析] 新闻提到由化石复原的古企鹅有25 million-year-old,因此可以推断The Kairuku penguin约在25 million years ago灭绝,故A正确。新闻中提到Kairuku是the Oligocene time period新西兰五种常见物种中体型最大的,因此B正确。由新闻中提到的The team's work appears in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 可知D正确。新闻开头提到化石是在新西兰发现的,但末尾提到研究员是美国的,因此推断企鹅并不是在新西兰复原的,因此C不正确,为答案。D在新闻中有明确提及。
PART Ⅲ CLOZE Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Humanity's primal efforts to systematize the concepts of size, shapes, and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics. However, the concept of number and the counting process developed so long 1 the time of recorded history (there is archaeological 2 that counting was employed by humans as far back as 50,000 years ago) that the 3 of this development is largely conjectural (推测的). Imaging how it probably came. 4 is not difficult. The argument that humans, 5 in prehistoric times, had some number sense, at least 6 the extent of recognizing the concepts of more and less when some objects were 7 to or taken away from a small group, seems fair, for studies have shown that some animal possesses such a 8 . With the 9 evolution of society, simple counting became necessary. A tribe had to know how many members it had and how many enemies, and shepherd needed to know 10 the flock of sheep was decreasing in size. Probably the earliest way of keeping a count was by some simple tally (计算,记录) method, 11 the principle of one-to-one correspondence. In 12 a count of sheep, for example, one finger per sheep could be 13 . Counts could also be 14 by making scratches in the dirt or on a stone, by cutting notches in a piece of wood, or by tying knots in a string. 15 , perhaps later, an assortment of vocal 16 was developed as a word tally against the number of objects in a small group. And 17 later, with the development of writing, a set of 18 was invented to stand for these numbers. Such an imagined development is 19 by reports of anthropologists in their studies of present-day societies that are 20 to be similar to those of early humans.
[解析] 上文中的sense提示本空选B sense,此句的主句为:The argument...seems fair...,其中that humans...from a small group是同位语从句,for引导原因状语从句。此句意为:人类甚至在史前就已经有了某种数字的意识,至少当物体的数目增加或减少时,他们能够意识到,这种观点似乎是很合理的,因为研究表明某些动物也拥有这种意识。
PART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. It is about time that such practices ______
A.are ended.
B.be ended.
C.were ended.
D.must be ended.
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题考查固定句型和虚拟语气。It is about time (that)...为固定句型,意为“该是……的时候了”,表示一种虚拟,从句中动词用过去式,故答案为C。
2. In fact, Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than ______ in New York.
5. Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it ______ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
18. This article ______ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.
A.cares for
B.applies for
C.allows for
D.calls for
A B C D
D
[解析] D calls for意为“呼吁”,后面常接attention等词,与题意相符,故为答案。A cares for意为“关心,照顾,喜欢”;B applies for意为“申请”;C allows for意为“考虑到,体谅”,以上三项均与题意不符,故排除。
19. "I have to go to see my doctor this afternoon." "Would you like me to ______ you?"
A.send
B.escort
C.accompany
D.campaign
A B C D
C
[解析] C accompany“伴随,陪同”,与题干中you构成合理的动宾搭配,故为答案。A send“送,派(人)”、B escort“护卫,护送”、D campaign“参加运动,发起运动”,均与题意不符,故排除。
20. A series of border incidents would ______ lead the two countries to war.
A.inevitably
B.consistently
C.uniformly
D.persistently
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据题干可判断,所填词应与A series of border incidents“一系列的边境事件”和lead“导致”相照应。A inevitably意为“不可避免地”,正符合题意,故为答案。B consistently“一贯地”、C uniformly“一律地”、D persistently“持续地”,均不符合题干逻辑。
21. Dr. Jones checked the patient's ______ carefully before making his treatment.
A.symbols
B.symptoms
C.signs
D.conditions
A B C D
B
[解析] B symptoms意为“症候,症状”,常用于医疗诊断,与题干中的the patient。“病人”相照应,故为答案。A symbols意为“象征,符号”;C signs意为“记号,符号”;D conditions意为“状况,状态”,以上三项均不能与patient“病人”构成合理的语境,故排除。
22. My brother's plans are very ______; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.
A.arbitrary
B.aggressive
C.ambitious
D.abundant
A B C D
C
[解析] C ambitious意为“远大的,宏大的”,符合“十六岁前掌握三门语言”这一题意,故为答案。A arbitrary意为“随意的,武断的”;B aggressive意为“侵略性的,攻击性的”;D abundant意为“大量的,丰富的”,以上三者均与题意不符,故排除。
23. Margie's bedroom was in a ______, with books and papers covering every possible surface.
A.litter
B.disorder
C.rubbish
D.mess
A B C D
D
[解析] D mess意为“杂乱的一团,混乱的情形”,in a mess为惯用法,意为“一团糟”,与“书和报纸弄得到处都是”相符,故D为答案。A litter意为“乱丢的废弃物”;B disorder意为“杂乱,混乱”;C rubbish意为“废物,垃圾”,以上三项均不能与in a构成固定搭配,故排除。
24. Humidity is so intense in some parts of the tropics that Europeans find they are unable to ______ it.
26. Advanced computer technology has ______ an answer to accurate weather forecasting.
A.set up
B.come up with
C.filled in
D.faced up to
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据题干可判断,所填词应与an answer“方法”形成搭配。B come up with“提供(计划、答复等)”与题意相符,故为答案。A set up“建立,创立(公司、机构等)”与answer不搭配。C filled in意为“填写(表格等),填满”,与句意不符。D faced up to指“勇敢面对,正视,勇于对付”,后面常加“困难,阻力,挫折”等,不接answer。
27. The city has decided to ______ smoking.
A.do away with
B.take away
C.get away with
D.put away
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据题干可判断,所填词应与smoking搭配。A do away with“废除,去掉”可以与smoking搭配,意为“禁止吸烟”,故为答案。B take away指“把某物拿走”,用在此处意为“拿走烟气”,不符合逻辑。C get away with指“(某人)逃跑,逃脱处罚”,不符合题意。D put away指“放好某物”,常指具体的实物,不符合题意。
28. If each manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be ______ for forty-five minutes.
30. There was a big hole in the road which ______ the traffic.
A.set back
B.stood back
C.held up
D.kept down
A B C D
C
[解析] C held up意为“阻挡,使停顿”,能与the traffic搭配,符合题意,故为答案。A set back意为“耽搁或延误(某事物的进展时间)”;B stood back意为“退后”;D kept down意为“减弱;卧倒”,以上三项均与题意不符,故排除。
PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSION In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.
TEXT A Let me speak first to parents. You are the ones who plant, or fail to plant, the seeds of character in your children. Try from the beginning to put into your children's minds the capacity to feel shame by letting them know that, just as there are actions for which they can win praise, so there are others — lying, cheating, stealing — that are unacceptable and for which they will be punished. As parents, you are not alone in your efforts to form character. Organizations such as the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts teach accountability and strengthen it with pressure of equals. Churches are also strong helpers. I remember clearly an event from my childhood. In our church's Sunday school playroom was a set of little lead cowboys and Indians. One day, I took one of them home, and that night my brother saw me playing with it. "I know where you got that," he said. "You stole it from the church." Stole it! From the church! Those words hit me like a thunderbolt. The anger of God, my mother's anger, the scorn of the world rose up like a terrifying wave in my mind. I ran a mile and a half to return the figure and all the way back home, where my mother put me to bed with a couple of beats for "cattin around" (到处乱跑). I never told her why I had left the house; I was too ashamed. Shame led straight to accountability, and I never again took anything that wasn't mine. What about teachers? To them I'd say: your classroom is a small society. Don't excuse bad behavior. Get students to impose standards upon one another, and work to persuade the school administration to become firmer about discipline. I've heard of high schools where the first time a student is caught with drugs, he's warned; the second time, he may be kept from school temporarily; the third, possibly driven away. To the principals of such schools I would say, "Why not suspend students the first time?" And I would quote a religious leader's words: "Punish severely the first offender, for in him lies the greatest hope of reform." Finally, a wise teacher might tell a high-school class: "If you choose to play with drugs, the police may never catch you. But your body is responsible to the laws of chemistry and biology." What about law enforcement? If I could say just one thing to the designers of that system, it would be: restore fair, swift, sure punishment as one of the key supporters of accountability. There is nothing unreasonable about just punishment, but you'd never know it from watching our law carried out today. Criminals don't fear the law, because in most cases its punishment is so slow and weakened that any preventing effect is lost.
1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?
A.Parents are very important in helping form the children's character.
B.One can have more than one way to shape character.
C.Punishment should be carried out quickly.
D.The author ran a mile and a half to avoid the shower of scolding.
A B C D
D
[解析] 由第四段第五句提到的I ran a mile and a half to return the figure,以及段尾处的I was too ashamed可知,作者并不是为了逃避责备,而是to return the figure。由此可知答案为D。根据第一段第二句可知,父母在孩子性格的形成方面起着举足轻重的作用,A表述与原文相符,故可排除;第二段、第五段和第八段表明,孩子性格的形成有多方面的因素,故可排除B;根据末段末句可知,罪犯并不害怕法律,是因为在通常情况下惩罚是如此慢和轻以至于没有任何阻止作用,故可排除C。
2. Why did the author's mother beat him?
A.Because she saw him playing with the lead cowboy.
B.Because his brother informed his mother of his stealing.
C.Because he had been chasing his neighbor's cats.
D.Because he left the house without having told his mother.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据第四段第五句...where my mother put me to bed with a couple of beats for "cattin around",由此可知他妈妈打他是因为他未经妈妈同意到处乱跑,故答案为D。
3. The author mentions the incident that he once stole something to
A.show how parents should deal with their children's fault.
B.illustrate the importance of instilling children with the sense of shame.
C.make known his past.
D.warn parents to be cautious when they punish their children.
A B C D
B
[解析] 例子在文章中通常是用来支持作者观点或是引出观点的,因此在例子的前后一般就是作者的观点。文章第一段第三句提到Try from the beginning to put into your children's minds the capacity to feel shame by letting them know that...,这就是作者的观点,由此可知答案为B。
4. The sentence "your body is responsible to the laws of chemistry and biology" (Line 2, Para. 7) shows that
A.you will be punished by lowering your chemistry and biology scores.
B.the police are employing the laws of chemistry and biology when punishing you.
TEXT B Science writer Tom Standage draws apt parallels between the telegraph and the gem of late 20th century technology, the Internet. Both systems grew out of the cutting edge science of their time. The telegraph's land lines, underwater cables, and clicking gadgets reflected the 19th century's research in electromagnetism. The Internet's computers and high-speed connections reflect 20th century computer science, information theory, and materials technology. But, while inventions make a global network possible, it takes human cooperation to make it happen. Standage's insight in this regard adds depth to his technological history. It underscores the relevance to our own time of the struggles of Samuel Morse in America, William Cooke in England, and other telegraph pioneers. They made the technology work efficiently, sold it to a skeptical public, and overcame national and international bureaucratic obstacles. The solutions they found smooth the Internet's way today. Consider a couple of technical parallels. Telegrams were sent from one station to the next, where they were received and retransmitted until they reached their destination. Stations along the way were owned by different entities, including national governments. Internet data is sent from one server computer to another that receives and retransmits it until it reaches its destination. Again the computers have a variety of owners. Then there is the social impact. The Internet is changing the way we do business and communicate. It makes possible virtual communities for individuals scattered around the planet who share mutual interests. Yet important as this may tuna out to be, it is affecting a world that was already well connected by radio, television, and other telecommunications. The Associated Press, Reuters, and other news services would have spread the Star report quickly without the Internet. In this respect, the global telegraph network was truly revolutionary — the unprecedented availability of global news in real time gave birth to the Associated Press and Reuters news services. It gave a global perspective to newspapers that had focused on local affairs. A provincialism that geographical isolation had forced on people for millennia was gone forever. Some seers naively hailed this as a force for world peace. They predicted that tensions over cultural and ethnic differences would relax as people interacted in real time. Visionaries say the same about the Internet. While communications can smooth this process, they do not automatically make it happen. As the experience of the past century and a half has shown, peace takes the will to make it work and sustained effort by all parties.
1. What does "the gem of late 20th century technology" refer to?
A.The telegraph.
B.Information theory.
C.Materials technology.
D.The Internet.
A B C D
D
[解析] 首段首句中的暗喻处设题,理解暗喻处的语法关系为解题关键。 题干引号里的短语出现在文章第一段开头,接着原文提到了互联网the Internet;根据语法规则,the Internet是the gem of late 20th century technology的同位语,即将“互联网”比作”二十世纪末科技上的一颗璀璨宝石”,故答案为D。
2. What is the relevance to our own time of the struggles of telegraph pioneers?
A.They made today's technology work efficiently.
B.They smooth the way for the popularity of today's technology.
C.They made the Internet a global network.
D.They overcame national and international bureaucratic obstacles.
A B C D
B
[解析] 段尾处设题,考查电报先驱们之前所作的努力对我们当今时代的影响。 根据题干关键词,将信息定位于文章第二段。该段后两句都在说电报先驱们所作出的努力的影响;但仔细阅读题干,the relevance to our own time只可能是该段尾句提到的smooth the Internet's way today,故B正确。
3. Why is it that the global telegraph network was truly revolutionary?
A.It has changed the way we do business and communicate.
B.It makes virtual communities possible.
C.It makes real-time global news service available.
D.It makes world peace.
A B C D
C
[解析] 因果处设题,考查全球电报网络确实具有革命性的原因。 由题干关键词,将信息定位于尾段第六句,文中提到In this respect...revolutionary...,其中的this回指上文提到的内容,因此,要找到答案就要从上文中找出this指代的对象。由该段第四、五句可知,this即指全球电报网前所未有地使人类能够即时获得世界新闻报道。因此答案为C。
4. The Associated Press and Reuters news services came into being thanks to
TEXT C The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media — such as television commercials and print advertisements — still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may, for example, create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. In fact, the way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media — for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a standalone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them. If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.
1. Consumers may create "earned" media when they are
A.obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites.
B.inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.
C.eager to help their friends promote quality products.
D.enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.
TEXT D All the recent news on AIDS is bad. The death of Rock Rudson last year raised public concern about the epidemic almost to the point of panic. But that reaction subsided for a time as people were reassured about the reliability of new tests for donated blood and the improbability of contracting the disease casually. Now, general concern is focused not so much on personal risk — most cases continue to occur in the high-risk groups of male homosexuals and drug addicts — but on the growing realization that this disease is having a deep impact on our society in a number of ways. It is absorbing financial and other resources. AIDS patients require long-term care in hospitals and outpatient facilities, and the health care systems in such cities as New York and San Francisco are not prepared to handle the demand. Bellevue, a large and respected municipal hospital in New York, devotes one out of every four beds in its department of medicine to AIDS patients. Most are hospitalized for months, and few have any private insurance. The Center for Disease Control in Atlanta estimates that hospital expenditures for the first 10,000 AIDS patients (there are now more than 16,000) were about $1.4 billion. The total economic cost to the nation of this group of cases is estimated to come to $6 billion in health care, disability, and lost productivity. Private insurers were unprepared for the crisis since the invariably fatal disease hits primarily young people. Ninety percent of the victims are between 20 and 49 years old. It is becoming increasingly difficult for those in high-risk groups to get health and life assurance, and in the absence of private coverage, public funds must be used. In addition, many of the victims are, for all practical purposes, homeless, rejected by disapproving or frightened friends and family, without employment, and in need of emotional and psychological support. It must be given. More important, there is bad news on the medical front. In spite of a stepped-up research program there is no sign of an imminent breakthrough to a cure. More than 8,000 American victims have already died; no one has recovered. The public has also learned that earlier assurances that only 5 to 10 percent of those who have been exposed to the virus will contract the disease were far too optimistic. Researchers have now raised that figure to at least a third. Estimates of expected future cases have, accordingly, been adjusted upward. A Bellevue doctor reflected the despair of those who deal with AIDS patients every day: "The cost is staggering, the grief is overwhelming, and there is no end in sight." Yet these physicians and others continue to work and to hope. Others not directly involved can help by giving support to public funding for research, hospital and hospice care, and support services. A public resolve to provide care now and an eventual cure for those who suffer is the best response.
1. The word "subsided" (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means
3. According to the passage, most AIDS patients have to depend on ______ to pay their hospital expenditure.
A.their health assurance
B.their life assurance
C.their private coverage
D.public fund
A B C D
D
[解析] 长难句处设题,考查艾滋病住院病人的费用来源。 由第二段第四句Most are hospitalized for months...private insurance和第三段第三句It is becoming increasingly difficult for those in high-risk groups to...public funds must be used可知答案为D。
4. What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Senior citizens are more likely to contract AIDS compared with young people.
B.Many AIDS victims suffer not only physically, but also emotionally and psychologically.
C.People will refuse donated blood in the future because it is likely to contain AIDS virus.
D.Doctors have lost their hope to see an eventual cure for the AIDS patients.
1. Comparison has been a part of life for many people. Males compare their careers, accomplishments and what they have, while females compare brand clothes and families. What do you think? Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the topic:
Is It Wise to Compare Ourselves with Others?
You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part, support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Is It Wise to Compare Ourselves with Others?
Nowadays comparison has been a part of life for many people. Some people are strongly against this practice. They believe that comparing with others brings about more pressure. But I don't think so and I insist that it is wise to compare ourselves with others, I have several reasons to support my view. To start with, others are mirrors through which we can see our own merits as well as demerits and improve ourselves accordingly. As Confucius said, "When three men walk together; there is always something I can learn. Choose to follow what is good and correct what is not good." In addition, we know clearly where we stand and who we are by comparison. For example, every time we take exams, we feel it necessary to be told where we rank to see if we have made progress or been left behind. Finally, comparing ourselves with people who are better than us can motivate us to work harder and express our full range of potential. From the foregoing, we can safely draw a conclusion that it is advisable to compare ourselves with others because we can introspect ourselves and move forward in the course of comparison.
1. Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50~60 words based on the following situation: You are Tom. Your friend Jerry invites you to his birthday party. Write Jerry a note expressing your thanks for his invitation and accepting the invitation. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.
April 21, 2014
Dear Jerry, It's so kind of you to invite me to your birthday party and I would like to go. I shall be very happy to call at your house right after I finish my work at 6:30 this evening. Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon.