1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.
It is often through good dinners that one makes friends. In Japan, there are various "Dining Groups" or "Wine Groups", formed by people of different walks of life but of more or less equal standing, having good living and the promotion of friendship as their common object. They meet weekly or fortnightly or on the birthday of one of the members, who play host in turn. As a rule, the dinner is held in one's own home, unless for some reasons that this is impractical, in which case it can be held in a choice restaurant. On each occasion, the host may include a couple of guests unknown to the others. Thus one makes new friends and keeps old friendships in constant repair. Sometimes, similar banquets are held for the sake of art and literature. Though the primary object of these meetings is different, nevertheless through cooking, fellowship and understanding are enhanced.
[解析] 此篇听写的关键词是dinners,friends等,注意其不同形式。 首句为全文的主题句,通篇论述通过good dinners可以交朋友。注意good dinners之间不完全爆破。 注意walks of的连读。 这句话中的两个or前后均为并列关系。 该句较长,逗号较多,在听音时根据意群及短暂的停顿合理加上标点。 Sometimes根据语法知识确定拼写。 for the sake of连读。 注意primary与premier发音及拼写的区别。
PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION In sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
1. What does the man say about the climate in Thailand?
A.It is not very cold in winter.
B.The rainy season is longer than other seasons.
C.It's always hot.
D.It has four seasons.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] W: Hi, Peter, you're an expert on Thailand. I just have some questions to ask you. M: What kind of problem? Go ahead. W: What is the most interesting Thai festival? M: I think the most interesting Thai festival is Songkran, the Thai New Year, where they throw water and paint on each other, um, for two, three, or four days; usually in April. It's great. W: Could you please tell me about the climate in Thailand? M: Of course! Hmm, the Climate. Thailand has three seasons: the hot seas0n, the rainy season, and the cool season. But really, it's always hot. W: Do you like Thai food? M: I love Thai food. Thai food is really fantastic. It's very good, usually spicy. Yes, Thailand has wonderful food. W: What sports do you like? M: My favorite Thai sport is Muay Thai, or Thai kickboxing. It's very popular in Thailand. There are two large stadiums in Bangkok, and many, many people watch Thai fighting. It's very popular. I'd like it a lot. W: Where is the best place to dive in Thailand? M: I think the best place to dive in Thailand, um. is the Surin and Similan islands. They are a national marine park — very, very beautiful. Incredible! W: Do Thai people keep elephants around the household? M: Most Thai people do not have elephants. Only special people, usually in the north and northeast part of Thailand, keep elephants. So, not ordinary people. W: Have you ever ridden an elephant? M: Yes, I have. I rode an elephant in the north part of Thailand. Many people go to the north and they ride elephants in the mountains and in the jungle. It's very nice.
2. Which of the following sports is popular in Thailand?
A.Football.
B.Basketball.
C.Tennis.
D.Thai kickboxing.
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题关键词是sports,所以要注意相关信息。由Thai kickboxing...very popular in Thailand(泰拳在泰国很受欢迎)可知答案为D。
3. Which of the following is true according to the conversation?
A.Most Thai people have elephants.
B.People usually go to the north to ride elephants.
C.Thai elephants can live only in the north and northeast.
D.People always ride elephants in the streets.
A B C D
B
[解析] 男士提到很多泰国人都不养大象,只有北部和东北部地区的special people才会keep elephants,所以人们usually go to the north to ride elephants,而且人们骑大象的时候一般都是in the mountains and in the jungle(在山里或丛林里),故答案为B。
Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
[听力原文] M: Excuse me, but is this where I should come to solve a problem with my meal ticket? W: Yes. How can I help you? M: Well, there must be some kind of problem with my meal card. When I swiped my card last night, I was told there were no more meals left on it. W: Can I see your card please? Okay, just let me enter your meal account number into the computer. Yes, here is your current status. You purchased a plan based on 12 meals per week and used the last of them yesterday at noon. M: I did purchase a 12-meal per week plan, but then I changed it to a 14-meal per week plan. W: Then that's where the problem is, because the change isn't showing up in your account information. M: Well, the change was made and I can prove it. I still have the receipt for the additional payment. W: Uh, could I see that please? M: Here it is. W: Okay, this is proof of payment. So, obviously some mistake was made on our part in handling of the change. M: Can anything be done about it now? W: There are two choices really. I can either make the changes to your account now so that you'll have 14 meals per week for the rest of the semester, or I can refund to you the amount on the receipt. It's up to you. M: I still need the 14 meals per week. W: Then let me make that change right now. Okay, you can see right here that the change has been made. M: Thanks a lot. At least I'll be able to have dinner tonight.
[解析] 对话一开始男士就提到他是为了解决饭卡问题才来的,接着又具体讲述了他的饭卡出现的问题:昨晚刷卡的时候,there were no more meals left on it(饭卡上显示没有储值餐了),故答案为C。
5. Why did the man's problem happen?
A.The school clerk didn't renew his meal card.
B.He forgot to pay his meal fee.
C.He tried to use the wrong card.
D.He forgot to renew his meal card.
A B C D
A
[解析] 对话中男士提到他把每周12份餐改为了每周14份餐,但女士说the change isn't showing up in your account information(这一变动并没在账户信息上显示出来),接着男士拿他的发票作为凭证,女士看过发票之后说some mistake was made on our part in handling of the change(问题出在我们处理更改的环节上),由此可知学校的工作人员没有刷新男士的饭卡信息,因此才导致男士的饭卡出现问题,故答案为A。
6. How does the woman help the man?
A.She gives him proof of payment.
B.She allows him to cancel his meal plan.
C.She changes his account.
D.She upgrades his meal plan.
A B C D
C
[解析] 当女士得知问题出在她们这边时,她给男士提出了两个选择,一个是make the changes to your account(更改账户信息),另一个是refund to you the amount on the receipt(按收据上的钱数退还给男士),男士选择了前者,所以女士帮男士change...account,故答案为C。
7. What can we infer from the conversation?
A.Schools always overcharge students.
B.It's very important to keep the receipt.
C.It's better to eat at home.
D.The man can not have dinner tonight with his meal card.
A B C D
B
[解析] 对话中提到,男士改变了套餐,而账户信息中却没有显示,幸亏男士有收据作为凭证才解决此事,由此可推断It's very important to keep the receipt,故答案为B。
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
8. Why can't the man tell the woman what the present is?
A.Because the woman may think the present's too cheap.
B.Because Ava doesn't want him to tell anyone.
C.Because he wants to keep it unknown until the party.
D.Because he wants to give the woman a surprise.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] W: I don't see why you drive me here, Robert. M: Oh, I may need some help from you. W: I'm just curious why you need my help to pick up a birthday present for Ava. Must be a big gift? M: Yeah, pretty big. W: Well, what is it? M: Sarah, I shouldn't tell you yet. It's a surprise. Well, unless you promise to do me a little favor. W: What kind of favor? M: Keep the present at your apartment until the party. W: What's the matter? Why can't you keep it at your apartment? M: I don't think I could hide it from Ava. W: Why? What in the world is it, Robert? M: Here we are. Sarah, can't you do me tiffs little favor? It's only for a couple of days, after all. I promise it won't cause you any trouble or cost you any money. W: Robert, why do we stop here anyway? There are no department stores on this block. Wait a minute... It's that pet store over there, isn't it? You're going to buy a tortoise or a gorilla or something for Ava's birthday, and you want me to keep it, right? M: It's not a gorilla, Sarah. It's just a little dog. W: Sorry, I can't keep pets at my apartment. And I hate dogs. M: Well, it's not your pet. And you'll love this dog. He's a sweet little puppy. Only eleven weeks old. How can I keep him at our place? W: All right, all right, I'll do it. I'll put up with it. Just stop telling me again that it's a "sweet little puppy". And you provide the dog food, all right? M: All right.
[解析] 推断题。对话开头,女士多次问男士要买的礼物是什么,男士都没有告诉女士,并说如果女士答应帮他保管礼物到聚会那天,才能告诉她礼物到底是什么(Keep the present...until the party),故答案为C。
10. What does the woman ask the man to do to help keep the present?
A.To call her sweet little honey.
B.To walk the dog every day.
C.To bath the dog in the backyard.
D.To supply the dog food.
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。女士最后答应帮男士保管宠物狗,但要求男士提供狗粮(you provide the dog food),故答案为D。
SECTION B PASSAGES In this section you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
A.The relationship between overweight and health problems.
B.The cause of being overweight in Britain.
C.How to avoid getting overweight.
D.Britons' overweight problem.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] A report by the Royal College of Physicians stated that a third of Britons are overweight. About five percent of children weigh too much, and are likely to stay that way for life. In the mid-twenties age group the proportion of overweight people has risen to a third, and in the middle-aged population, half are overweight. The safest way to lose weight is to eat cereals, bread, fruit and vegetables, and cut down on fatty meats, butter and sweet foods. Fat diets do far more harm than good; machines that vibrate muscles have not been proved useful; saunas merely remove a little body water, and health farms serve as expensive holidays. Exercise is most important to health, the report emphasizes, though it doesn't necessarily reduce weight, it maintains the correct proportion of body fat to body muscle. And it isn't only for the young; from middle age a minimum of 20 minutes of gentle physical jerks should be practised three times a week. The report advocates several public health measures to combat the high prevalence of overweight problem in this country. They include an increase of tax on alcohol to reduce its increasing and dangerously fattening consumption, and the provision of more Sports facilities by local authorities. Britain's doctors, the report concludes, must learn to be more sympathetic and specific in their advice to the overweight, encouraging a change in eating habits on a long-term basis, and taking into account the many, often complex reasons why overweight people are overweight.
[解析] 文章开头处提到英国人过度肥胖的现象很严重,接下来给出一些减肥的建议,以及measures to combat...overweight(对付过度肥胖的方法),由此可知本文主要是讲how to avoid getting overweight(如何防止过度肥胖),故答案为C。
2. Which of the following ways is not advocated by the speaker?
A.To go to the sauna.
B.To eat cereals.
C.To do exercise.
D.To cut down on meats and candies.
A B C D
A
[解析] 文中提到通过振动肌肉减肥的甩脂机have not been proved useful(还没有被证明确实能有效减肥),saunas(桑拿浴)只能减少身体中的水分,而health farms(健身中心)又太expensive,可见the speaker并不建议人们采取这些方法减肥,A属于其中的一种。
3. What should the local authorities do to help its people avoid getting overweight?
A.Force people to exercise.
B.Provide more sports facilities.
C.Encourage the healthy diet.
D.Issue guidelines of health.
A B C D
B
[解析] 文章结尾处在提到解决过度肥胖问题时提到the provision of more sports facilities by local authorities(当地政府应提供更多的运动器材),故答案为B。
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
4. What kind of jobs may men do best, according to the passage?
A.Those which need visual and spatial abilities.
B.Those which need communication with others.
C.Those which need profound knowledge.
D.Those which need special skills.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] Women are, on the whole, more verbal than men. They are good at language and verbal reasoning, while men tend to be skilled at tasks demanding visual-spatial abilities. In fact, along with aggression, these are the most commonly accepted differences between the sexes. Words are tools for communicating with other people, especially information about people. They are mainly social tools. Visual and spatial abilities are good for imagining and manipulating objects and for communicating information about them. Are these talents programmed into the brain? In some of the newest and most controversial research in neurophysiology, it has been suggested that when it comes to the brain, males are specialists while women are generalists. But no one knows what, if anything, this means in terms of the abilities of the two sexes. Engineering is both visual and spatial, and it's true that there are relatively few women engineers. But women become just as skilled as men at shooting a rifle or driving a car, tasks that involve visual-spatial skills. They also do equally well at programming a computer, which is neither visual nor spatial. Women do, however, seem less likely to fall in love with the objects themselves. We all know men for whom machines seem to be extensions 0f their identity. A woman is more likely to see her car, rifle, or computer as a useful tool, but not in itself fascinating.
5. What can we learn about engineering from the passage?
A.Men are more competent than women in engineering.
B.Men have more superiority than women in engineering.
C.Women excel in engineering.
D.Men outnumber women in engineering.
A B C D
D
[解析] 由文中的it's true that there are relatively few women engineers可知,从事engineering(工程行业)的女性数量比男性数量要少,即men outnumber women in engineering,答案为D。
6. What does a car mean to a man, according to the passage?
A.The symbol of power.
B.The symbol of status.
C.The extension of his identity.
D.A useful tool.
A B C D
C
[解析] 文章结尾处提到,对男性来说machines就像是extensions of their identity,而car属于machine的一种,由此可知a car对于a man来说就是the extensions of his identity,答案为C。
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
A.Marriage is a poignant experience for many Americans.
B.Divorces are due to the highly developed individualism in America.
C.Marriage means only partnership for many Americans.
D.Divorces frequently happen to Americans.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Marriage in the United States looks more like serial monogamy than lifetime partnership, especially in the major cities. Just under half of all marriages end in divorce. However, this statistic is misleading: many people, such as Elizabeth Taylor, Todd Fisher, marry repeatedly, but three quarters of Americans who marry for the first time stay that way. The others go through several spouses before settling down and approximately 10% of men and 5% of women never marry at all. When Americans say "family", they mean a nuclear family of Morn, Dad, and the kids. An ideal family is a nonworking wife, the caring, nurturing mother who greets children after school with a plate of home-baked cookies. Such women, while they do exist, are nearly extinct. More than 80% of women between the ages of 35 and 45 are employed outside the home for the simple reason that they need the money. The children go to day care nurseries or stay with a relative or neighbor; when they're old enough, they go to school and to after-school care. Working parents, especially those in demanding careers, must console themselves by spending "quality time" rather than quantity time with their children. Children are raised to be independent and cautious, with a strong sense of self-esteem. Child culture invades the home and takes over the conversation and the television, and child activities dominate evenings and weekends. Homework is often minimal so the children have plenty of time to watch television.
[解析] 文章开头处提到在美国Marriage...looks more like serial monogamy than lifetime partnership(婚姻……更像是不断结婚、离婚、再结婚的一夫一妻制,而不是结为一生的伴侣关系),由此可推断美国人的离婚率非常高,D是根据原文作出的正确推断。
8. Why do so many women go out for work, according to the passage?
A.Because they want to develop their self-concept.
B.Because they are in need of money.
C.Because they want to get independence.
D.Because they feel lonely at home.
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中提到80%以上年龄在35~45之间的女性外出工作,出现这种情况的原因很简单,即they need the money。B为原文的同义转述。
9. Who will take care of the young children when their parents are working, according to the passage?
A.The workers in community welfare department.
B.Their older brothers and sisters.
C.The nursery workers or their relatives or neighbors.
D.Their fathers or grandparents.
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中提到,在母亲外出工作时,孩子们会被送到day care nurseries或stay with a relative or neighbor,由此可知,在母亲外出工作时,day care nurseries的工作人员或孩子父母的relative或neighbor会照顾这些孩子,故答案为C。
10. What can we learn about the children's homework from the passage?
A.It is so difficult for them that they can't finish in a short time.
B.It is so much that they do not have time to play.
C.It is so little that they have plenty of time to watch television.
D.It is so easy for them that they can finish soon.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 to 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
1. How many people were killed according to opposition sources before?
A.5.
B.More than 300.
C.At least 4.
D.9.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] Police in the Iranian capital say five people have been killed and more than 300 arrested during the most violent antigovernment protests for several months. Earlier, opposition sources said at least four demonstrators were killed when police shot directly at crowds in central Tehran. In Tehran and a number of cities across Iran, the opposition staged massive protests. Security forces took up position early and used tear gas and batons to try to disperse the demonstrations. But in some places they lost control and a number of police motorcycles and police ears were set on fire. In ore are, the protestors even torched a police station. Witnesses reported that then the police began firing directly into the crowd.
[解析] 本题考查数字信息,选项中的数字都可能在新闻中出现,因此要听清各个数字所对应的内容。解答本题的关键在于抓住according to opposition sources。由...opposition sources said at least four demonstrators were killed...可知,本题选C。
2. Which of the following is a measure taken by security forces?
A.Holding massive protest.
B.Using tear gas and batons.
C.Dispersing the protestors.
D.Surrendering possession of some places.
A B C D
B
[解析] 由新闻中提到的Security forces took up position early and used tear gas and batons...可知,B为安全部队采取的措施之一,为答案。A是抗议者的行动;C是安全部队采取措施的目的;原文提到“在一些地方,安全部队失去控制”,但并不是说他们主动放弃一些地方,故D错。
3. The protestors set fire to all the following EXCEPT
A.police motorcycles.
B.police cars.
C.a police station.
D.the crowd.
A B C D
D
[解析] 新闻结尾处提到,...police motorcycles and police cars were set on fire...the protestors even torched a police station。由此可见A、B、C都不是本题答案。故本题选D,D是根据新闻尾句设置的干扰,该句提到了警察向聚集的示威者开枪(firing...into the crowd),但这里的fire不是“放火烧”的意思。
4. Question 24 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news. According to the DNA analysis, most Neanderthals in Western Europe died out as early as
[听力原文] Neanderthals were already on the verge of extinction in Europe by the time modern humans arrived on the scene, a study suggests. DNA analysis suggests most Neanderthals in Western Europe died out as early as 50,000 years ago — thousands of years before our own species appeared. A small group of Neanderthals then recolonised parts of Europe, surviving for 10,000 years before vanishing. An international team of researchers studied the variation, or diversity, in mitochondrial DNA extracted from the bones of 13 Neanderthals. The work is published in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution.
Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
B.issue new regulations to sanction Iran, Sudan and Cuba.
C.cancel the ban on export of Internet software and services in Iran, Sudan and Cuba.
D.restrict the use of the Internet and other web-based services.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] The United States has eased sanctions on Iran, Sudan and Cuba in an effort to increase the use of the Interact and social networking sites there. The new regulations will authorize the export of web-based services including instant messaging. Internet freedom is last becoming a principle of American foreign policy. The decision to lift the ban on export of Internet software and services would make it easier for people in Iran, Sudan and Cuba to use the Internet and communicate with each other as well as the outside world. The technology will likely help circumvent government restrictions on the use of programs like Twitter and even Internet-based email accounts.
[解析] 新闻开头就提到The United States has eased sanctions on Iran, Sudan and Cuba...;接着后面又补充道,The decision to lift the ban on export of Internet software and services would...。综合两处可知C为本题答案。
6. What's the result of America's decision?
A.It changes the principle of American foreign policy.
B.It benefits the three related countries a lot.
C.It helps the government manage the use of the Internet.
D.It makes such programs as Twitter and emails more efficient.
A B C D
B
[解析] 新闻中谈到,美国的此项决定make it easier for people in Iran, Sudan and Cuba to use the Internet and communicate...;接着又说The technology will likely help circumvent (绕过) government restrictions。B是对两处信息的正确概括,为本题答案。
Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
7. The car is expected to travel at a speed of per hour.
A.1,000 miles
B.1,610 miles
C.760 miles
D.1,223 miles
A B C D
A
[听力原文] A British team has begun building a car designed to smash all previous land speed records and go faster than even the speed of sound. The supersonic car, called Bloodhound, is expected to reach an awe-inspiring 1,000mph (1,610km/h), while sound travels at around 760mph (1,223km/h). The car, which looks more like a plane without wings thanks to its sleek, aerodynamic frame, will also travel much faster than most passenger aircrafts, which is why the man chosen to drive it is actually a pilot.
[解析] 本题考查数字信息,听音时要做好笔记。由新闻中提到得The supersonic car...is expected to reach an awe-inspiring 1,000mph (1,610km/h)可知,A为本题答案。B有较大干扰性,但其单位错了;C、D两项的数字与声速有关,而不是本题问到的“车速”。
8. What makes the car look like an airplane?
A.Its wings.
B.Its frame,
C.Its speed.
D.Its drivers.
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据新闻内容The car, which looks more like a plane without wings thanks to its sleek, aerodynamic frame...可知,B为本题答案。
Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
C.Israeli's decision to allow more housing units for Jewish settlers.
D.Joe Biden's statement from Jerusalem.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] The United States has condemned Israel's plan to allow another 1,600 homes for Jewish settlers to be built in occupied East Jerusalem. Israeli announcement came as the U.S. Vice President Joe Biden was visiting Jerusalem. The U.S. Vice President Joe Biden issued a statement from Jerusalem in which he condemned the Israeli government's decision. He added it was precisely this kind of step that undermined the trust needed to make progress in the negotiations. It's very rare for the White House to actually condemn Israel for anything, but Israel's action must have been perceived as a snub in Washington. Just as Joe Biden was talking about a moment of opportunity for peace between Israelis and Palestinians, Israel was taking steps that would infuriate the Palestinians and possibly undermine that moment of opportunity.
[解析] 本题关键词为condemned。由新闻开头谈到的has condemned Israel's plan to allow another 1,600 homes for Jewish settlers to be built...可知,答案为C。
10. What's true about the consequence of Israel's plan?
A.It may take away the opportunity for peace between Israelis and Palestinians.
B.It confronted the U.S. vice president.
C.It damaged the relationship between the White House and Israelis,
D.It may cause another war between Israelis and Palestinians.
A B C D
A
[解析] 由新闻结尾谈到,以色列的做法可能激怒巴勒斯坦人,并且破坏that moment of opportunity;联系该句前半部分...a moment of opportunity for peace between Israelis and Palestinians...可知,A是原文的同义转述。
PART Ⅲ CLOZE Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. A common assumption about the private sector of education is that it caters only to the elite. 1 , recent research points in the opposite direction. If we want to help some of most 2 group in society, then encouraging deeper private sector 3 is likely to be the best way forward. Several developments are 4 in India, all of which involve the private education sector meeting the 5 of the poor in distinct ways. 6 India is not unique in this respect — similar phenomena are happening all over the developing world. As a point of departure, how do government schools serve the poor? Usefully, the government sponsored Public Report on Basic Education in India from 1999 paints a very 7 picture of the " 8 " of the government schools for the poor. When researchers 9 unannounced on their random sample of the schools, only 53% had any "teaching activity" going on. 10 ,the team noted that the 11 of teaching standards has nothing to do 12 disempowered teachers, but instead could be 13 "plain negligence." They noted "several cases of irresponsible teachers 14 a school closed for months at a time." But is there any 15 to these schools? Surely no one else can do better than government 16 the resources available? As it happens, the Report pointed to private schools that were serving the poor and 17 that such problems were not found in these schools. Most parents believed that private schools were successful because they were more accountable: "the teachers are accountable to the manager who can fire them, and, 18 him or her, to the 19 who can withdraw their children." Such accountability was not present in the government schools, and "this contrast is 20 with crystal clarity by vast majority of parents."
1.
A.In addition
B.On the contrary
C.In effect
D.In general
A B C D
B
[解析] 空格前面提到,人们通常认为私立教育部门仅仅是迎合精英人才的需要;而在空格后面又提到了in the opposite direction,由此可知前后两句之间存在转折关系,故选B,on the contrary意为“相反地”。
PART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. He said that the driver must have had an accident; otherwise he ______ by then.
14. ______ capitalism has been abolished ______ it be possible to abolish poverty, unemployment and war.
A.Only if, will
B.If only, would
C.Should, will
D.Unless, would
A B C D
A
[解析] only if意为“只有……才”,如果将其放在句首,句子需用倒装结构。而if only意为“只要,要是……就好了”,所接从句需要用虚拟语气,故答案为A。
15. His carelessness is ______ make it unlikely that he will pass the examination.
A.as much as to
B.such to
C.such as to
D.so as to
A B C D
C
[解析] such as to是固定搭配,意为“(是这样……以致)”,其中such是代词,可以用作表语,用来预指下文,而so as to中的so是副词,不能作表语,故答案为C。
16. ______ human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset the delicate chemical balance in the brain.
A.Deliberate
B.Consistent
C.Primitive.
D.Abnormal
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据题干可判断,填空处应与upset the delicate chemical balance“破坏微妙的化学平衡”形成照应。D.Abnormal意为“反常的,异常的”,与破坏化学平衡有关联,即大脑中的化学平衡被破坏会导致反常的行为,符合题意,故为答案。A.Deliberate“故意的”、B.consistent“持续的”、C.Primitive“原始的”均与句意不符。
17. Can you ______ any smell of the gas which is escaping?
PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSION In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.
TEXT A The introduction of non-native "exotic" species is now seen as a major threat to biodiversity. In 1825, a particularly vigorous female clone of itadori (called Japanese knotweed) was introduced into Holland and later distributed throughout Europe by the plant collector and nurseryman, Von Seybold. British gardeners loved it and by 1886 it was even found growing on cinder tips in South Wales. By the turn of the century, the plant had colonized many other sites, and gardeners were advised against planting it in shrubberies. By 1994, it was almost everywhere — railways, riversides, hedgerows, cemeteries — swamping a wide range of habitats and displacing rare species. Botanists fearing that the plant is still spreading and may yet colonize other new habitats have generated recent attempts to eradicate it by mechanical and chemical methods, all in vain as yet. The evidence stacked against Japanese knotweed is damning. But there is a deep anxiety that behind the desire to correct human ecological cook-ups — often manifested as a passion to save endangered species and vulnerable ecosystems — is a thinly disguised xenophobia; that we are simply seeing yet another form of ecological imperialism which defines what is "natural" based on human preferences. But whatever our reaction to "problem" or alien species is, it must involve moral decisions; and who should make such decisions and to what degree they are accountable must also be up for review. The conclusions of scientists and other sections of society may differ vastly about what to do about the introduced animals and plants. For example, the scheme to control rabbits in Australia by deliberately spreading the disease myxomatosis was a success in that huge numbers of rabbits were wiped out for the greater good — the "health" of Australian ecosystems. But would inflicting such a horrifically slow agonizing death on sentient creatures win popular support if it were proposed today? Scientists of biodiversity are by their very nature concerned with the organization of species into systems and not necessarily with the interests and well-being of individuals, particularly those that are seen as a threat to the maintenance of those systems. Yet there is a growing feeling for the democratization of decisions concerning nonhuman life. The movement towards environmental values must surely involve a movement away from imperialism and a search for a relationship with nature as it truly is, rather than as we would design it. Then, when our lawns have long disappeared, we may yet come to honor the humble dandelion.
1. Botanists have generated attempts to remove the Japanese knotweed because
TEXT B The government's new cyber-security officials yesterday asked telecommunications companies for help in building a government computer network that would have "no risk of outside penetration" — a task some computer security consultants say is nearly impossible. Plans for the private network, called Govnet, hinge on whether a reliable network infrastructure can be built at an affordable price, officials said. Computer system consultants said they could not estimate how much the network would cost because of the government's enormous size and security needs. Richard Clarke, who was appointed special adviser to the president for cyberspace security this week, said he believes a more reliable system can be built. Ninety percent of available fiber-optic space is unused and fairly inexpensive to obtain, he said. Govnet is part of a plan Clarke announced earlier this week "to secure our cyberspace from a range of possible threats, from hackers to criminals to terrorist groups, to foreign nations, which might use cyber-war against us in the future". Govnet would be completely independent from the Internet to help keep out hackers and viruses, according to the government's plan. The request from the General Services Administration asks that telecommunications companies submit proposals about how the network could be built, how much it would cost, and how long it would take to construct. This year, the current network has been breached by hackers, computer worms and viruses. The system was also roughed up by the "Code Red" computer worm and an attack program called "I Love You". The viruses affected thousands of government computers. Last year a report by the General Accounting Office, an internal government watchdog, found weaknesses in the computer network that could allow terrorists or hackers to "severely damage or disrupt national defense or vital public operations or steal sensitive data". Clarke said the government's current virtual private network is vulnerable to viruses and denial of service attacks that Govnet would make more difficult to execute. An internal network, such as the Govnet proposal, is worth investigating but will probably fall to sophisticated hackers, said Amit Yoran, chief executive of the security-services company Riptech Inc. and a former information-security program director at the Defense Department. "It is probably more feasible to implement and strongly enforce global security postures and practices rather than go out and purchase new assets," Yoran said. "Once someone is able to get in, they will find a weak link. When you have a network the size of the government's there will be weak links. Someone will get in."
1. What is the Govnet?
A.A reliable network infrastructure that can be built at an affordable price.
B.A government computer network that may prove immune to penetration.
C.A national security system to be developed by the government.
D.A private national security system to be developed against outside invasion.
TEXT C Ours is a society that tries to keep the world sharply divided into masculine and feminine, not because that is the way the world is, but because that is the way we believe it should be. It takes unwavering belief and considerable effort to keep this division. It also leads us to make some fairly foolish judgments, particularly about language. Because we think that language also should be divided into masculine and feminine we have become very skilled at ignoring anything that will not fit our preconceptions. We would rather change what we hear than change our ideas about the gender division of the world. We will call assertive girls unfeminine, and supportive boys effeminate, and try to change them while still retaining our stereotypes of masculine and feminine talk. This is why some research on sex differences and language has been so interesting. It is an illustration of how wrong we can be. Of the many investigators who set out to find the stereotyped sex differences in language, few have had any positive results. It seems that our images of serious taciturn male speakers and gossipy garrulous female speakers are just that: images. Many myths associated with masculine and feminine talk have had to be discarded as more research has been undertaken. If females do use more trivial words than males, stop talking in mid-sentence, or talk about the same things over and over again, they do not do it when investigators are around. None of these characteristics of female speech have been found. And even when sex differences have been found, the question arises as to whether the difference is in the eye or ear of the beholder, rather than in the language. Pitch provides one example. We believe that males were meant to talk in low-pitched voices and females in high- pitched voices. We also believe that low pitch is more desirable. Well, it has been found that this difference cannot be explained by anatomy. If males do not speak in high-pitched voices, it is not usually because they are unable to do so. The reason is more likely to be that there are penalties. Males with high-pitched voices are often the object of ridicule. But pitch is not an absolute, for what is considered the right pitch for males varies from country to country.
1. The passage implies that the author's attitude towards the division of feminine talk and masculine talk is
TEXT D Ever since Aesop, fantasy has played an important role in children's literature. Three new books continue the tradition of enchanting and instructing young minds through the improbable. Reading levels vary among children, but these books are better suited for late elementary or early middle-school readers. Jostein Gaarder's Hello? Is Anybody There? is the deceptively simple story of Joe, an 8-year-old boy, and Mika, an extraterrestrial visitor from the planet Eljo. They meet on the night that Joe's mother goes to the hospital in labor with his baby brother. As Joe waits at home for the impending birth, he gives Mika a tour of the world as he knows it — a dress rehearsal, of sorts, for his role as big brother. Gaarder injects philosophical notions naturally into the conversation as Joe and Mika consider everything from animal life to the origin of the universe. This book is a sweet introduction to some serious concepts. It is perfect for reading aloud because it opens wonderful opportunities for discussion between parent and child. Holes by Louis Sachar, the 1998 National Book Award winner for young people's Literature, is a very tall tale about Stanley Yelnats, a middle-school loser who is wrongly accused of theft. Sent to Camp Green Lake in the middle of some mythical Texas badlands where it has not rained in 100 years, Stanley's rehabilitation consists of digging an endless series of holes under the scorching sun. Young readers will cheer as Stanley and his buddy Zero escape from their Sisyphean labor, solve the mystery will cheer as Stanley and his Zero escape from their Sisyphean labor, solve the mystery of why Green Lake is neither green nor a lake, free Stanley from an ancient Gypsy curse and eat a whole lot of onions. It is all highly unlikely, but that doesn't matter. What matters at the end of this fantastical moral fable is that virtue triumphs and evil is vanquished. Virtue also triumphs is Count Karlstein by Philip Pullman, a Gothic melodrama that is delightfully over the top. Evil Count Karlstein is plotting to do away with the two nieces who have been sent to live with him in his Swiss castle. But the brave lasses, abetted by their loyal maid, a resourceful governess and the bumbling local police, foil the count's plans and consign him to the doom he deserves. First published in England in 1982, this book has neither the depth nor the subtlety of The Golden Compass and The Subtle Knife, the first two volumes in Pullman's His Dark Materials trilogy, which have garnered massive critical and popular acclaim. But it will do nicely until the third volume in the trilogy appears.
1. Which of the following is TRUE of Gaarder's story?
A.It is a simple story about an 8-year-old boy.
B.Joe's mother has to work in a hospital at night.
C.Gaarder expresses his philosophy in the seemingly simple story.
D.It is poetic and should be read aloud for desired appreciation.
5. The word "it" in the last sentence of the passage refers to
A.The Golden Compass.
B.The Subtle Knife.
C.His Dark Materials.
D.Count Karlstein.
A B C D
D
[解析] 指代处设题,考查根据上文推测代词it的指代。 根据文中第四段最后两句提到,Count Karlstein缺乏The Golden Compass和The Subtle Knife这两本书的深度和敏锐(这两本书获得了诸多好评),但是它在这三步曲的第三部出版之前,还是值得一读的,可知答案为D。
PART Ⅵ WRITING
SECTION A COMPOSITION
1. Nowadays exam is everywhere. We take examinations when we enter schools or apply for a job. About examination's influence, what is your opinion? Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words: You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your composition. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Examinations Exert a Negative Influence on Education
In my opinion, examinations have nothing but a negative influence. As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of fierce competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of drop-outs: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even begun a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students? A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize textbooks. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under pressure. We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person's knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person's true ability and aptitude. All in all, instead of a positive influence, examinations have a negative one.
1. Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50~60 words based on the following situation: You are Mary. You have made one appointment with your friend John. But you break your promise. Write him a note to express your apology. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.
April 21, 2014
Dear John, I am writing to express my apology for having failed to meet you at the gate of the auditorium this morning. Professor Smith's lecture lasted much longer than I hoped. I will go to your apartment at 6 o'clock this afternoon if it is convenient for you. Sorry again.