Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic on paying back the Student Loans. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
Nowadays, student loans provided by state-owned commercial banks are available to more and more college students. The money may not be much but it is timely support for those who have great difficulty paying their tuition fees. The aim of the student loan policy is to achieve a "win-win" outcome for both college students and commercial hanks. However, to our disappointment, the proportion of students who have failed to repay the loans in time is high. For some reason, a number of students are really unable to make timely repayments after graduation. But many other students who are able to repay refuse to pay back the student loans in time. The increase of default payment has caused greater costs and risks to banks. As far as I am concerned, we students should increase our awareness of credit. We should try our best to repay the loans in time. If we are not able to, it is necessary to inform the bank as soon as possible and apply for an extended repayment. Only in this way can everyone involved benefit from the student loans.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 4, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 5 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Hybrid Cars Have you pulled your car up to the gas pump lately and been shocked by the high price of gasoline? As the pump clicked past $ 20 or $ 30, maybe you thought about trading in your car for something that gets better mileage. Or maybe you're worried that your car is contributing to the greenhouse effect. The auto industry has the technology to address these concerns. It's the hybrid car. You're probably aware of hybrid cars because they've been in the news a lot. Most automobile manufacturers have announced plans to manufacture their own versions. What Makes it a "Hybrid"? Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. In fact, many people have probably owned a hybrid vehicle at some point. For example, a moped (a motorized pedal bike) is a type of hybrid because it combines the power of a gasoline engine with the pedal power of its rider. Hybrid vehicles are all around us. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids. Cities like Seattle have diesel-electric buses — these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away from the wires. Giant mining trucks are often diesel-electric hybrids. Submarines are also hybrid vehicles some are nuclear-electric and some are diesel-electric. The gasoline-electric hybrid car is a cross between a gasoline-powered car and an electric car. Hybrid Structure You can combine the two power sources found in a hybrid car in different ways. One way, known as a parallel hybrid, has a fuel tank, which supplies gasoline to the engine. But it also has a set of batteries that supplies power to an electric motor. Both the engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission at the same time, and the transmission then turns the wheels. By contrast, in a series hybrid the gasoline engine turns a generator, and the generator can either charge the batteries or power an electric motor that drives the transmission. Thus, the gasoline engine never directly powers the vehicle. Why Build Such a Complex Car? You might wonder why anyone would build such a complicated machine when most people are perfectly happy with their gasoline-powered cars. The reason is twofold: to reduce tailpipe emissions and to improve mileage. These goals are actually tightly interwoven. Evolution of the Hybrid The hybrid is a compromise. It attempts to significantly increase the mileage and reduce the emissions of a gas-powered car while overcoming the shortcomings of an electric car. The Problem with Gas-powered Cars To be useful to you or me, a car must meet certain minimum requirements. The car should be able to: Drive at least 300 miles (482 km) between re-fueling Be refueled quickly and easily Keep up with the other traffic on the road A gasoline car meets these requirements but produces a relatively large amount of pollution and generally gets poor gas mileage. An electric car, on the other hand, produces almost no pollution, but it can only go 50 to 100 miles (80 to 161 km) between charges. And the problem has been that it is very slow and inconvenient to recharge. A driver's desire for quick acceleration causes our cars to be much less efficient than they could be. You may have noticed that a car with a less powerful engine gets better gas mileage than an identical car with a more powerful engine. Just look at the window stickers on new cars at a dealership for a city and highway mph comparison. The amazing thing is that most of what we require a car to do uses only a small percentage of its horsepower! When you are driving along the freeway at 60 mph (96.6 kph), your car engine has to provide the power to do three things: Overcome the aerodynamic drag caused by pushing the car through the air; Overcome all of the friction in the car's components such as the tires, transmission, axles and brakes; Provide power for accessories like air conditioning, power steering and headlights. For most cars, doing all this requires less than 20 horsepower! So, why do you need a car with 200 horsepower? So you can "floor it," which is the only time you use all that power. The rest of the time, you use considerably less power than you have available. Smaller Engines are More Efficient Most cars require a relatively big engine to produce enough power to accelerate the car quickly. In a small engine, however, the efficiency can be improved by using smaller, lighter parts, by reducing the number of cylinders and by operating the engine closer to its maximum load. There are several reasons why smaller engines are more efficient than big ones: The big engine is heavier than the small engine, so the car uses extra energy every time it accelerates or drives up a hill. The pistons and other internal components are heavier, requiring more energy each time they go up and down in the cylinder. The displacement Of the cylinders is larger, so more fuel is required by each cylinder. Bigger engines usually have more cylinders, and each cylinder uses fuel every time the engine fires, even if the car isn't moving. This explains why two of the same model cars with different engines can get different mileage. If both cars are driving along the freeway at the same speed, the one with the smaller engine uses less energy. Both engines have to output the same amount of power to drive the car, but the small engine uses less power to drive itself. Hybrid Performance The key to a hybrid car is that the gasoline engine can be much smaller than the one in a conventional car and there fore more efficient. But how can this smaller engine provide the power your car needs to keep up with the more powerful cars on the road? Let's compare a car like the Chevy Camaro, with its big V8 engine, to our hybrid car with its small gas engine and electric motor. The engine in the Camaro has more than enough power to handle any driving situation. The engine in the hybrid car is powerful enough to move the car along on the freeway, but when it needs to get the car moving in a hurry, or go up a steep hill, it needs help. That "help" comes from the electric motor and battery this system steps in to provide the necessary extra power. The gas engine on a conventional car is sized for the peak power requirement (those few times when you floor the accelerator pedal). In fact, most drivers use the peak power of their engines less than one percent of the time. The hybrid car uses a much smaller engine, one that is sized closer to the average power requirement than to the peak power.
1. This passage gives a general description of the advantages and disadvantages of a hybrid automobile.
2. The series hybrid vehicle is sometimes directly powered by the gasoline engine.
N
[解析] 小标题 Hybrid Structure下第二段为答案出处，文中先对混合动力汽车中柴油发动机的工作原理进行了描述，最后得出结论：Thus，the gasoline engine never directly powers the vehicle，即柴油发动机从不直接驱动混合动力汽车。题干句子中的sometimes和原文中的never相悖，因此错误。
3. In most cases, what we require a car to do uses only a small percentage of its horsepower.
Y
[解析] 题干说我们只用了汽车马力中的一小部分。小标题The Problem with Gas-powered Cars下的第四段首句为答案出处。题干句与…most of what we require a car to do uses only a small percentage of its horsepower同义，因而表述正确。
4. With a view to improving hybrid performance, you can use composite materials to reduce weight.
5. We want to build a hybrid car partly because it has lower __________ than a gasoline-powered one.
tailpipe emissions
[解析] 本题涉及发明混合动力汽车的原因。小标题Why Build Such a Complex Car?下第二句为答案出处，The reason is twofold：to reduce tailpipe emissions and to improve mileage。小标题Evolution of the Hybrid下的The hybrid…attempts to…reduce the emissions of a gas-powered car则对应题干的后半部分。
6. If the hybrid car needs to go up a steep hill, it can get extra power from __________.
the electric motor and battery
[解析] 本题涉及混合动力汽车爬坡时所需的附加动力。小标题Hybrid Performance下第二段末尾为答案出处，when it needs to…go up a steep hill，it needs help．That“help”comes from the electric motor and battery表明混合动力汽车爬坡时所需的附加动力来自于电动机和电池。
7. Compared with a big engine, a small one can improve the gas mileage by running closer to its __________.
maximum load
[解析] 本题涉及小型发动机提高单位油量英里数所采取的方式。小标题Smaller Engines are More Efficient下的第二句为答案出处，In a small engine，however，the efficiency can be improved … by operating the engine closer to its maximum load表明小型发动机通过接近最大负载运行的方式提高效率(即单位油量英里数)。
8. A motorbike is a type of hybrid because it uses two __________ to run.
sources of power
[解析] 本题考查电动自行车属于混合动力交通工具的原因。小标题What Makes it a“Hybrid”?下第一段为答案出处，综合第三句a moped(a motorized pedal bike)is a type of hybrid because it combines the power of a gasoline engine with the pedal power of its rider和第一句对混合动力交通工具的定义Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power不难解答该题。
9. One of the advantages of the gasoline car over the electric one is that the gasoline car is relatively __________ and __________ to refuel.
quick和easy
[解析] 本题涉及汽油车优于电力车的方面。小标题The Problem with Gas-powered Cars下为答案出处，首句指明了汽车必须符合的基本标准，其中包括Be refueled quickly and easily，后面又提到A gasoline car meets these requirements，由此可知汽油车在补给燃料时相对迅速便捷。
10. There are two different hybrid modes: one is called __________ and the other series.
parallel
[解析] 本题涉及混合动力汽车的两种结构模式。小标题Hybrid Structure下为答案出处，首句中的 combine the two power sources found in a hybrid car in different ways对应题干的前半部分，综合其后的One way，known as a parallel hybrid及By contrast，in a series hybrid可知，混合动力汽车有并联和串联两种结构模式。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] M: I've been running a mile every afternoon for the past month. But I still haven't been able to lose more than a pound or two. I wonder if it is worth it. W: It always seems hard when you are just starting out. Q: What does the woman mean?
[解析] 观点态度题。男士因为每天跑步锻炼了1个月后没有见到任何减肥效果而怀疑这样做是否有用，女士说It always seems hard when you are just starting out．意为“任何事情刚开始的时候都是比较困难的”，也就是建议男士不要因为一个月没有见效就放弃，毕竟锻炼刚刚开始，正确表达女士观点的是[D]。
2.
A.They should wait patiently.
B.They should ask that man to leave.
C.That man is old enough to order things he likes.
D.They should serve that man immediately.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: See that man over there facing the-window? He comes in every Friday night and he just sits there for hours. W: It's odd, but there isn't much we can do as long as he orders something. Q: What does the woman imply?
[解析] 观点态度题。解答此题的关键是把否定表达(there isn't much we can do…)转换成肯定表达(should wait patiently)，由此可知[A]为答案。对话中并没有提到男士的年龄，[C]项是将对话中odd(奇怪的)一词误听为old而导致的错误表达。对话中只说到提供服务，并没有说服务要迅速(immediately)，故[D]错。
3.
A.The professor postponed the exam and will inform everyone when it'll be held.
B.The professor phoned him about the postponing of the exam.
C.The professor is going to replace the exam.
D.The professor postponed the exam until Thursday.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: I'm trying to finish these practice test questions but I've still got about 12 questions to do. At this rate, I'll be burning the midnight oil if I hope to finish. M: Oh, that explains why you've been hiding in here. You probably haven't heard that the professor postponed the exam until further notice. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] 事实状况题。本题的关键在于the professor postponed the exam until further notice，意思是教授将考试推迟，具体情况会进一步通知， [A]符合对话内容。教授并未打电话通知，[B]项不正确。考试推迟，而非取代，[C]项表述属于理解有误。延迟到什么时候还要等进一步通知， [D]项不符对话内容。
4.
A.His radio is worth the high price.
B.He's never lowered the price.
C.He offers the lowest price for his radio.
D.He will lower the price if the woman insists.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: I'm sorry I cannot accept the price you offered for the radio set. M: Well. You can go round and have a look if you like. But I am sure you can't find a better bargain elsewhere. Q: What does the man mean?
[解析] 观点态度题。男士说，你在别的地方找不到更便宜的，也就是他的收音机的价格是最低的，故选[C]。[A]中的high price显然与对话不符。对话并没有说到男士是否降过价的问题， [B]项属于过度推测。从you can go round and have a look if you like．可知男士不打算再降低价格，故[D]也与对话不符。
5.
A.The advanced equipment in the laboratory.
B.The so-early start-working hour.
C.The terrible working habit of his colleagues.
D.The interval between the start-working hours of two places.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: Welcome to our laboratory. It's nice to have you with us. I'll see you at 7:30 in the morning. M: My goodness. I'm not used to getting up as early as that! In London we start work at 9:00 am. Q: What makes the man feel shocked?
[解析] W: Mr. Smith, you are such a nice young man and you have been taking good care of me ever since I first arrived here. I shall always feel grateful to you for everything you've done for me. M: It's very nice of you to say so, but really, I don't think I have done nearly enough. Q: What does the man mean?
D.The books are a bit scratched and are of poor quality.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: I think I'll get my second-hand books at the student union this year. So many of the books we are using are the same print. W: I hope you're not planning to take your time going there. They are usually snapped up within the first week. W: What does the woman mean?
D.The woman cannot be the man's secretary right away.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: When do you want to start working? W: Right away. Yesterday I spent all day making phone calls. But nobody wanted a secretary. W: What can we learn from the conversation?
C.She hasn't got very good results in some subjects.
D.She doesn't care about them at all.
A B C D
B
[解析] 19-22 W: Hello, Steven. How are you? M: Not too bad, thank you Ann. How did you get on in the exams? W: I'm not sure. I haven't got all my results yet, but I'm so glad we're coming up to the end of the semester. I really need a holiday, so I'm going camping with some friends. What are you doing over the semester break? M: I haven't got any plan yet. I don't really have enough money to fly home. I suppose I could get a part-time job and earn some money, but I don't really want to. Then again, maybe I could start studying for next semester. W: Well, I thought about doing some summer courses, but I decided that's not a good idea. I need to do something completely different. You do too. Why don't you join me with my friends on the camping trip? M: Well, I don't know really. Would your friends mind? W: Of course not. They'd be happy to have you along. We're going down to the Royal National Park. Have you been there? M: No, I haven't. It's somewhere south of Sydney, isn't it? W: Yes, it's almost 30 kilometers south of Sydney. M: So what equipment do we need to bring with us if we're going? Do we have to carry all our food for a week? W: No. We've organized for the food to go down with a van, so we don't, have to carry too much. But you'll need to bring a sleeping bag. M: Oh thank you. And what type of clothes should I bring? Like, what's the weather going to be like? W: Bathing suit. You can swim in the river. And good hiking boots and socks. M: Do we need a guide? W: Oh, no. Look, here's a map. I'll show you ... 19. What are the woman's results in the exams like?
[解析] 根据选项，问题可能与她的考试成绩有关。对话中I'm not sure. I haven't got all my results yet ≈ She has no clear idea about all the results，因此选[B]。
2.
A.He doesn't have enough money.
B.He wants to earn some money.
C.He wants to study for the next term.
D.He wants to camp with the woman.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why doesn't the man want to go home?
[解析] 由对话中I don't really have enough money to fly home可知他不回家的原因是[A]He doesn't have enough money，[B]、[C]、[D]都是他的计划，并不是他不回家的原因。
3.
A.Because she didn't find suitable courses.
B.Because the summer courses of this year were the same as before.
C.Because her friends persuaded her to do so.
D.Because she wants to do some different things.
A B C D
D
[解析] Why did the woman give up doing summer courses?
[解析] 从选项中because可知，问题可能问的是女士某种行为的原因。对话中女士提出想假期补习，但随即就否认这一想法，其后便解释了否认的原因“I need to do something completely different”，因此选[D]。
4.
A.Enough food for a week.
B.A sleeping bag and a raincoat.
C.Hiking boots and bathing suit.
D.A camping tent.
A B C D
C
[解析] What does the woman suggest the man bring with him?
A.She couldn't go to Spain for holiday this summer.
B.She couldn't communicate with Spanish people very well.
C.She didn't learn enough Spanish vocabulary.
D.She had few chances to speak Spanish in Spain.
A B C D
B
[解析] 23-25 W: Good evening, professor. My name is Alice Brown. M: Good evening, Alice. What is your question? W: I've been studying Spanish for some years. I go to Spain on holiday sometimes. I've learnt quite a lot of grammar and vocabulary. But I find it very difficult to speak, and when I went to Spain this summer I couldn't understand the Spanish people at all. I got really disheartened. M: Yes, it is a problem. How long have you been studying Spanish? W: About four years. M: Yes, how exactly? Go to an evening class, using tapes ... ? W: I've been going to an evening class and I've watched quite a lot of the BBC television programs. M: Oh, they're very good. Did you buy the BBC book? W: No, we use a different book in the class. M: Yes, I see, Alice. I always think that learning a language is rather like learning to drive. Now, you couldn't learn to drive a car by sitting in a classroom or watching television. I think what you need is a lot of practice in using the language. W: That's all very well if you live in the country where they speak the language, but I don't. M: Yes, I understand the problem. Though even if you live in the country where the language is spoken, you have to reach a certain standard before you are able to have conversations with the natives. I was thinking perhaps you might arrange with another student or students to have regular conversation practice. W: I see what you mean. Thank you very much, professor. M: You are welcome, Alice. 23. What made Alice feel disheartened?
[解析] 根据选项可以推断，问题可能与学习西班牙语有关。由对话中女士(即 Alice)所说的“when I went to Spain this summer I couldn't understand the Spanish people at all．I got really disheartened．”可知，Alice感到沮丧的原因是她 couldn't understand the Spanish people at all，[B]项为该内容的同义转述，故为答案。
2.
A.By reading the BBC book.
B.By going to an evening class by BBC.
C.By watching BBC programs.
D.By going to Spain to talk with Spanish people.
A B C D
C
[解析] What is one of the ways Alice learns Spanish?
[解析] 根据选项可以推断，问题可能与学习西班牙语的方法有关。由对话中“I've watched quite a lot of the BBC television programs”可以直接确定答案为[C]。
3.
A.Learn more grammar and vocabulary.
B.Watch more BBC television programs.
C.Understand Spanish cultures well.
D.Do more practice in speaking Spanish.
A B C D
D
[解析] What does the professor think Alice needs?
[解析] 选项均以原形动词开头，故问题应该是与某人的行为活动有关，并很可能是“提出建议或表达观点”类型。由对话中男士(即教授)所说的I think what you need is a lot of practice in using the language．可知，教授认为，Alice需要对西班牙语进行更多的实际运用，故答案为[D]。
Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
D.One's muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they perform.
A B C D
D
[解析] 26-28 Are you aware that you actually possess six senses? The sixth is a muscular sense responsible for directing your muscles intelligently—to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform. For example, when you reach for an object, the sensory nerves linking the muscles to the brain stop your hand at the correct spot. This automatic perception of the position of your muscles in relation to the object is your muscle sense in action. Muscles are stringy bundles of fibers varying from one five-thousandth of an inch to about three inches. They have three unique characteristics: they can become shorter and thicker; they can stretch; and they can retract to their original positions. Under a high-powered microscope, muscle tissue is seen as long, slender cells with a grainy texture like wood. More than half of a person's body is composed of muscle fibers, most of which are involuntary—in other words, work without conscious direction. The voluntary muscles, those that we move consciously to perform particular actions, number more than five hundred. Women have only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as men for their body mass. That is why an average woman can't lift as much, throw as far, or hit as hard as an average man. 26. What does intelligent use of the muscles mean?
[解析] 细节题。短文中to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform即是对directing your muscles intelligently的解释，因此肌肉的智能功用指的就是肌肉运动完全契合行动所必要的程度，[D]项与此相符。
2.
A.Like wood in texture.
B.Like wood in color.
C.Smooth and thin.
D.Short and thick.
A B C D
A
[解析] What do muscle cells appear to be under a microscope?
[解析] 细节题。根据短文中Under a high-powered microscope，muscle tissue is seen as long，slender cells with a grainy texture like wood．可知，在显微镜下肌肉细胞的质地与木材相仿(texture like wood)，[A]项与此相符。
3.
A.Because she has less muscle fiber for her body weight.
B.Because she has less voluntary muscle than an average man.
C.Because she has 60 to 70 percent less muscle for her body mass.
D.Because she has only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as a man for her body mass.
A B C D
D
[解析] Why is an average woman weaker than an average man?
[解析] 细节题。根据短文最后“Women have only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as men for their body mass．That is why…”可知，普通女子之所以没有普通男子强壮是因为女子的肌肉只有男子的60-70%，[D]项与此相符。
Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 29-31 If you are a college student, there are several things you should know about renting an apartment. First, you must know how to look for a place to live. Friends, teachers, and other people you meet may know of apartments that are available. You may also find a place to live by looking in the campus or city newspapers. In some towns, there are rental agencies that can help you find an apartment, but think carefully about using agencies. Usually they will charge you a fee. You should also walk around and look for buildings with For Rent signs. When you go to look at apartments to rent, there are several things you ought to do. First, you should find out if the apartment is safe. Be sure there are good locks on all the windows and doors. It is also a good idea to check all the appliances as well as the water and electricity to be sure everything is working. It might also be a good idea to talk to other people who rent apartments in the same building. This will help you to find out if there are any problems. If you decide to rent an apartment, the landlord will probably want you to sign a lease. This is a legal contract, and you ought to read it carefully. You will also need to pay a security deposit. If there is no damage, the landlord has to return this money to you when you leave. 29．How many ways of finding apartments are mentioned in this talk?
[解析] 推理题。解答此题的关键是对罗列的细节进行辨认归纳，短文开头部分分别列出了三种寻找公寓的方法：Friends，teachers，and other people．．．are available；You may also．．．．You should also…，由此可知答案为[B]。
2.
A.Walk around the apartment for dangerous signs.
B.Check the water and electricity to see if they are working.
C.Make sure there are good locks on all the windows and doors.
D.Talk to other people who rent apartments in the same building.
A B C D
C
[解析] What does the speaker advise you to do to make sure the apartment is safe?
[解析] 细节题。短文第二段讲到了公寓的安全问题，根据Be sure there are good locks on all the windows and doors．可知要确保门窗都锁好，故 [C]为答案。
3.
A.Deposit some money in a bank.
B.Sign the lease as soon as possible.
C.Ask the landlord for a damage deposit.
D.Read the contract carefully and pay a security deposit.
A B C D
D
[解析] What should you do if you decide to rent an apartmerit?
[解析] 细节题。解答此题的关键是理解同义表达间的转换(sign a lease ≈ sign the contract)和抓住原文的信息再现(pay a security deposit)。
Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
D.It is a good change after idling for a long time.
A B C D
A
[解析] 32-35 Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that too much work demand can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling against the work ethic, saying that no job is so important as to damage personal relationships and rob people of relaxation. There has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and relaxation. Leisure time provides opportunities to find personal satisfaction and freedom from the routine of work. Increased leisure time in the United States has not altered the idea that work and play are distinct activities. This distinction is clear-cut; there are "work-hours" and "after-work-hours". There is a belief that it is desirable "to work hard and play hard" and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores, and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work. There may be more social interaction between teachers in a school than between scientists doing independent research. Nevertheless, work and play are usually perceived and maintained as separate activities. 32. What is the result of too much work demand?
[解析] 细节题。短文一开始就提到too much work demand can be physically and mentally harmful，故答案为[A]“它对身心都是有害的”。选项中的body and mind对应短文中的physically and mentally。
2.
A.Personal relationships should come after one's job.
B.Personal relationships can help people do their jobs well.
C.People should care more about their personal relationships and relaxation.
D.Relaxation and personal relationships are as important as the jobs people do.
A B C D
C
[解析] What do many people opposed to overwork believe now?
[解析] 细节题。根据短文中Many people．．．rebelling against the work ethic，．．．damage personal relationships and rob people of relaxation可知，反对过分劳累工作的那些人认为过多的工作会破坏个人关系并剥夺人们休闲放松的时间，[C]项正是对此内容的同义转述。
3.
A.Work and play are separate activities.
B.People should play more and work less.
C.People should work more and play less.
D.Work and play should sometimes be combined together.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the speaker imply by saying "the distinction is clear-cut"?
[解析] 推理题。短文中提到 work and play are distinct activities．This distinction is clear-cut； there are“work-hours” and“after-work-hours”，由此可知答案为[A]。选项中的separate对应听力原文中的distinct。
4.
A.He should play hard to fully relax himself.
B.He should not relax until he finishes his work.
C.He should shift some of his work to his colleagues.
D.He should relax and have a chat with friends while working.
A B C D
B
[解析] What do people expect an employee under pressure at work to do?
[解析] 推理题。短文最后提到，在压力下工作的员工常常没有时间进行社会交往等…但work and play are usually perceived and maintained as separate activities，[B]项正是对此内容的同义转述。
Section C Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time. you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. The essential problem of man in a computerized age remains the same as it has always been. That problem is not 1 how to be more productive, more comfortable, more content, but how to be more sensitive and more sensible, and more 2 . The computer makes possible a phenomenal leap in human 3 ; it demolishes the fences around the practical and even the 4 intelligence. But the question 5 and indeed grows whether the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know who they really are, to identify their real problems, to respond more fully to beauty, to place adequate value on life and to make their world safer than it now is. Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research. But they can't 6 the foolishness and decay that come from the unexamined life. Nor do they connect a man to the things he has to be connected to—the reality of pain in others; the possibilities of creative growth in himself; the memory of the race: and the rights of the next generation. The reason why these matters are important in a computerized age is that there may be a 7 to mistake data for wisdom, just as there has always been a tendency to 8 logic with values, and intelligence with insight. 9 . Facts are terrible things if left sprawling and unattended. 10 . "It requires a very unusual mind", Whitehead said, "to undertake the analysis of a fact." 11 .
Unobstructed access to facts can produce unlimited good only if it is matched by the desire and ability to find out what they mean and where they would lead
[解析] Access to facts can bring good only if people will and can find out what they mean and where they would lead
10.
They are too easily regarded as evaluated certainties rather than as the rawest of raw materials trying to be processed into the texture of logic
[解析] They are very easily regarded as evaluated certainties instead of the rawest materials processed into the texture of logic
11.
The computer can provide a correct number，but it may be an irrelevant number until judgment is pronounced
[解析] The computer can provide a correct number，but it may be irrelevant until judgment is pronounced
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. The attitude of some top management used to be "The machine belongs to the company; the worker is made for the machine; or, the worker belongs to the company and exists to satisfy its needs." Entertaining such a perspective today would border on lunacy (精神错乱), although managers can be found who act as though they still prescribe to it. The simple fact is that no employee works primarily to satisfy the needs of any organization. He labors first and foremost to meet his concern for the welfare of the firm. Additionally, the leader soon learns to accept his people as he finds them rather than as he would like them to be. Even if he is unhappy with their performance, he knows that the only possible starting point, for improvement, is where they are and as they are at a given time. Five facts are at the heart of any mutual perception process. First, initial impressions tend to be lasting as well as erroneous, it is necessary not only that the manage-leader perceive his people accurately but that he make it easy for them to see him as he is without sham or flimflam(期诈). Second, a person perceives what he looks for and very little else. This means that the manager should emphasize the positive in sizing up his people. If he is aware of their limitations, he is also conscious of the fact that he will not make much progress with them by focusing on deficiencies. Far too much time is wasted in most organizations on attempts to eradicate defects. It would be wiser to concentrate on capitalizing on assets and building strengths. Third, needs govern perceptions. At the outset of any relationship, there is bound to be some uncertainty on both sides. If he is an unframed picture to his subordinates, the manager realizes that they are not sure just how to go about relating to him. His responsibility is to be authentic in his dealings with them and open to interaction with them. Authenticity and openness in dealing with his subordinates will help them satisfy their need to know where they stand, how they should relate to him, what kind of person he is, and how he intends to manage. Then they will get a true picture of him and how he operates without wasting time second-guessing and playing games with him. The fourth fact is that attitudes govern perceptions. A positive, supportive attitude is readily sensed by employees, who, even if they are school-dull, are generally life-bright. Finally, perceptions are really transactions between the people involved. As the leader must allow his people opportunities to interact with him, so he must also interact with them. In this way, both will make the getting-to-know-you process efficient and rapid.
1. According to the passage, a worker primarily works for ______.
meeting his needs，wants and desires
[解析] 第一段第三、四句提到：……no employee works primarily，to meet the needs of any organization．He labors first and foremost to meet his concern for the welfare of the firm．(没有雇员把满足公司的利益作为工作的主要目的。他更主要地还是比较关注公司福利与个人相挂钩的部分是否能得以满足)。
2. To make much progress with them how should a manager evaluate his subordinates?
He should emphasize the positive of his subordinates．
[解析] 题干中的“make much progress with them”出自第三段第三句，其前面一句提到“…the manager should emphasize the positive in sizing up his people”，即为本题的答案出处。“evaluate his subordinates”对应文中的“sizing up his people”。
3. What does the phrase "an unframed picture to his subordinates" mean?
The manager's responsibility isn't authentic and open to his subordinates．
[解析] 题干出处在第四段第三句，分析其所在句子及其后面的两句可知，当经理对他的员工is an unframed picture时，员工们便不知该如何与他打交道，而经理的responsibility应该是authentic in his dealings with them and open to interaction with them．”，由此便可概括得出答案。
4. What kind of attitude should a manager take so as to have good understanding of the workers?
He should take a positive，supportive attitude．
[解析] 根据最后一段前两句可得出答案。
5. What is the passage mainly about?
Ways to improve the mutual perception between managers and workers．
Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Millions of U.S. college students will have to shoulder more of the cost of their education under federal rules imposed late last month through a bureaucratic (官僚政治的) adjustment requiring neither Congressional approval nor public comment of any kind. The changes, only a slight alteration in the formula governing financial aid, are expected to diminish the government's contribution to higher education by hundreds of millions of dollars, starting in the autumn of 2004. But they will also have a ripple effect across almost every level of financial aid, shrinking the pool of students who qualify for federal awards, tightening access to billions of dollars in state and institutional grants, and heightening the reliance on loans to pay for college. How much more money this may require of students and their parents will vary widely, changing with each family's set of circumstances. Some families may be expected to pay an extra $100 or less each year, while others may owe well over $1,000 more. While many college administrators characterized the change as a backdoor way to cut education spending, without public discussion, the Department of Education said it was simply executing its responsibilities under federal law. Whether furnished by colleges, states or the federal government, the vast majority of the nation's $ 90 billion in financial aid is dictated by a single, intricate equation known as the federal need analysis. Its purpose is to make out how much of a family's income is truly discretionary(自由支配的), and therefore fair game for covering college expenses. Much like the federal income tax, the formula allows families to deduct some of what they pay in state and local taxes. But, this year, the department significantly reduced that amount, in some cases cutting it in half. On paper, at least, that leaves families with more money left over to pay for college, even though state and local taxes have gone up over the last year, not down. In the 2004--2005 academic year, when the changes first take effect, parents who earn $ 50,000 a year may be expected to contribute $ 700 or so beyond what they are already paying, according to an independent analysis conducted by a consulting firm that helps universities set enrollment and aid. Those earning about $25,000 may owe only an extra $165 or less, while families earning $ 80,000 could be expected to pay an additional $1,100 or more.
1. The expression "ripple effect" (Line 6, Para. 1) most probably means " ______ ".
2. According to the passage, some have criticized the changes because they ______.
A.ignore local and state taxes
B.were not discussed in public
C.are not in accordance with federal law
D.leave many families unable to pay for college
A B C D
B
[解析] 推理判断题。首段首句中的requiring neither Congressional approval nor public comment of any kind表明新规定没有得到国会的批准，也没有经过公众的讨论。此外第二段结尾处又重申了“without public discussion”，从中很容易看出公众对此规定不满的原因是[B]“(他们)没有经过公众的讨论”。
3. According to the passage, the rule changes are likely to ______.
A.provide $ 90 billion in financial aid
B.cost each family an average of $1,000 per year
C.have a ripple effect across federal income taxes
D.lower the amount of financial aid provided by the government
A B C D
D
[解析] 推理判断题。根据首段第二句中的The changes…are expected to diminish the government's contribution to higher education可知，新规定很可能减少政府提供的财政支持，故答案为[D]。
4. The purpose of the federal needs analysis is to determine ______.
A.whether a family is on financial aid
B.how much of a family's income is discretionary
C.whether or not a family is below the poverty line
D.how much families should pay in state and local taxes
A B C D
B
[解析] 事实细节题。题干对应文章第三段第二句中的Its purpose is to make out，其后的内容便为答案所在；[B]正确。
5. The author's attitude towards changes in the financial aid to higher education by government is ______.
Passage Two The most noticeable trend among today's media companies is vertical integration -- an attempt to control several related aspects of the media business at once, each part helping the other. Besides publishing magazines and books, Time Warner, for example, owns Home Box Office:, (HBO), Warner movie studios, various cable TV systems throughout the United States and CNN as well. The Japanese company Matsushita owns MCA Records and Universal Studios and manufactures broadcast production equipment. To describe the financial status of today's media is also to talk about acquisitions. The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers and forming media groups to position themselves in the marketplace to maintain and increase their profits. In 1986, the first time a broadcast network had been sold, two networks were sold that year—ABC and NBC. Media acquisitions have skyrocketed since 1980 for two reasons. The first is that most big corporations today are publicly traded companies, which means that their stock is traded on one of the nation stock exchanges. This makes acquisitions relatively easier. A media company that wants to buy a publicly owned company can buy that company's stock when the stock becomes available. The open availability of stock in these companies means that anybody with enough money can invest in the American media industries, which is exactly how Rupert Murdoch joined the media business. The second reason for the increase in media alliances is that beginning in 1980, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) gradually deregulated the broadcast media. Before 1980, for example, the FCC allowed one company to own only five TV stations, five AM radio stations, and five FM radio stations; companies also are required to hold onto a station for three years before the station could be sold. The post-1980 FCC eliminated the three-year rule and raised the number of broadcast holdings allowed for one owner. This trend of media acquisitions is continuing throughout the 1990s,as changing technology expands the market for media products. The issue of media ownership is important. If only a few corporations direct the media industries in this country, the outlets for differing political viewpoints and innovative ideas could be limited.
1. What do Time Warner and Matsushita have in common?
A.They both belong to Rupert Murdoch.
B.They are both big American media corporations.
C.They are both outlet of differing viewpoints and innovative ideas.
D.They both own several different but related media businesses.
2. It is true about the media mentioned in the passage that they ______.
A.used to sell and buy each other in great numbers
B.are trading each other in greater numbers today
C.used to be controlled by two networks -- ABC and NBC
D.have stopped the trend of acquisitions in the 1990s
A B C D
B
[解析] 推理判断题。第二段第二句指出，现在的传媒公司以前所未有的数量买进卖出(The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers)，故答案为[B]。大量买进卖出是现在的情形，[A]选项不符事实。[C]和[D]在原文中没有提及。
3. According to the passage, which of the following makes acquisitions easier?
A.The changing technology employed by the media.
B.The media's increasing profits in the marketplace.
C.The even tougher regulations of the FCC on the media since 1980.
D.The availability of the media's stocks on stock exchanges.
A B C D
D
[解析] 事实细节题。题干出处在第三段最后一句This makes acquisitions relatively easier．(这使得收购更加容易)，而this指代的是上句提到的股票在股票交易所的交易(their stock is traded on one of the nation stock exchanges)，故答案为[D]。
4. The FCC's new policy regarding media alliances is that ______.
A.it allows companies to sell their stocks publicly
B.it doesn't allow companies to sell their stocks publicly
C.it permits one company to own more media businesses at the same time
D.it has eliminated all post-1980 companies
A B C D
C
[解析] 事实细节题。第五段开头提到收购增加的第二个原因是联邦通讯委员会放宽管制，允许公司同时拥有更多的媒体公司(raised the number of broadcast holdings allowed for one owner)，[C]项与此相符。是否允许出售股票不是联邦通讯委员会的权力，[A]和[B]不符题意。联邦委员会消除的是三年后才可出售的规定(eliminated the three-year rule)，而不是消除公司，[D]项属于张冠李戴。
5. The issue of media ownership is important because ______.
A.it affects the amount of money the stockholders will make
B.it decides whether we can have different aspects of the media
C.it concerns the channels through which to express opinions
D.it means that more and more people will hold onto only a few stations
Part Ⅴ Error Correction Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (—) in the blank. It is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in such short a period 62. ______. of time challenges explanation. Language learning begins with listening. Individual children varying greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start 63. ______. speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some time before they can speak, but the 64. ______. word "obey" is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delight 65. ______. cooperation usually shown by the child. After they can speak, many 66. ______. children will ask questions by gestures and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to trace the development from the voices babies 67. ______. make to, their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. What is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first 68. ______. few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indic- ative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed , either, that from 69. ______. about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment and by six 70. ______. months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds make 71. ______. or words spoken to them by other people . The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that their imitations can be considered as speech.
1.
such—so
[解析] 此处关键是要注意so和such的不同用法。so可以作副词，后面可以直接跟形容词，如so nice a day。such则为形容词，修饰名词，如 such a nice day。
2. Mary couldn't have received my letter; ______________ (否则她在这之前就会给我回信的).
otherwise she would have replied before now
[解析] 本题考查对虚拟语气用法的掌握。前半句中couldn't have received是对过去的肯定推测，后面的“否则”表示对过去的一种假设，即“如果不是那样的话”，故后面的句子应采用虚拟语气，谓语动词用would have done的形式。
3. ______________ (据报道，这个地方卫生组织25年前就成立了)when Dr. Mark became its first president.
It is reported that the local health organization was established 25 years ago/The local health organization is reported to have been established 25 years ago
[解析] 本题考查形式主语“及被动语态的用法。It is reported that…意为“据报道…”，it为形式主语，后面的 that从句为句子的真正主语，表示“卫生组织成立”应该用被动语态。另外，本句也可以采用形式主语，直接用报道的对象the local health organization充当主语，原来从句中的谓语动词转换成相应的不定式的完成式。
4. ______________ (每当遇到这类问题时，我的大脑就一片空白), and I can hardly remember my own date of birth
When confronted with such questions，my mind goes blank
[解析] 本题考查对短语be confronted with及单词blank的掌握。be confronted with sb．/sth．表示“面对、面临某人或某事物”，go blank常用于表示“(思想或大脑)变得空白、呆滞”。
5. Many students found the book enlightening: ______________ (因为它给他们提供了这门学科的大量信息).
it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题