9. Her son, to whom she was so devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
A.loved
B.cared
C.dedicated
D.affected
A B C D
C
[解析] 句意：她非常疼爱的儿子在十年前出国了。devote致力于，奉献。常用于devote to句式中，意为“致力于……”。此处的be devoted to sb. 还可表示“喜欢某人”。dedicate奉献，致力。也可用于be dedicated to句型中。二者意思相近，可相互替换。love喜爱。care关心；照顾。affect影响；假装。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
10. The article sketched the major events of the decade.
This November, a hundred million butterflies will drop from the sky over Mexico, like autumn leaves. But for how long? Genetically modified maize (玉米) could mean extinction for this beautiful butterfly, Rafael Ruiz reports. Although its body is about 3cm long and it only weighs 1 gin, the Monarch butterfly manages to travel 5,000km each year. It seems to be so fragile, but its long journeys are proof of its amazing ability to survive. This autumn, the Monarch butterfly will once more set out on its journey from the US. It will keep going until it reaches Mexico. It travels these huge distances to escape the cold weather in the north. In November, millions of Monarchs fall like bright, golden rain onto the forests in the mountains of central Mexico. In the silence of these mountains you can hear a strange flapping (拍动) of wings, as the Monarchs arrive at their destination. In the mountains, which reach a height of 3,000 metres, the butterflies are safe. Before reaching their journey's end they have faced strong winds, rain and snowstorms and they do not all manage to reach their destination. When the winters are really bad, perhaps 70 percent of them will not survive. Their long journey to Mexico is thought to be one of the most amazing events in the whole of the American continent. When they get there they will stay until the beginning of April, when their internal calendar tells them that it is time to go back. The long journey, with all its dangers, begins again. These delicate creatures now face danger of another kind—from scientific progress. In the US, millions of farms grow genetically modified maize which is pure poison for the butterfly. Laboratory experiments have shown that half of the butterflies which feed on the leaves of genetically modified maize die within 48 hours. Not all experts agree that this variety of maize is responsible for the threat to the Monarchs. In spite of these doubts, the European Union has refused to approve new crops of genetically modified maize until further investigations have been carried out. Greenpeace is campaigning against genetically modified products (in Spain, there are already 20,000 hectares of modified maize). The environmental organization recently published a list of 100 species of butterfly in Europe alone which are threatened with extinction.
1. The Monarch butterfly travels 5,000km each year.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
[解析] 由题干中关键词Monarch butterfly和5,000km可定位至第二段第一句。该句“the Monarch butterfly manages to travel 5,000km each year”中的manage to意思为“成功做到……”，和本题中表述相符。故选A。
2. The Monarch butterfly looks fragile.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
[解析] 由题干中关键词looks fragile可定位至第二段第二句。该句明确说到，“It seems to be so fragile...”，这里的it指代的就是前文中所说的Monarch butterfly，而seems to和题干中的looks意思相同。题干表述是对原文的同义转换，故选A。
You depend on all the people closely around you to give you the warm feeling of belongingness (归属) that you must have to feel secure. But, in fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them, and a person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound (一定的) to be a lonely wolf. The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much on having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them. Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don't know them. When the game is over, you will go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feeling of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win. An experience of this kind gives the clue(线索) to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companionships become friends when these ties are formed. When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintance(熟人), you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.
1. Paragraph 2 ______ A. Close link between companionship and belongingness B. How to satisfy other people's needs C. An example of a satisfying relationship D. Difficulties in establishing friendships E. What companionship really is F. Making friends with new acquaintances
A
[解析] 本段的第一句话说到，“The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. ”对友谊的需要与对归属感的需要密切相关。这是本段的主题句，接下来的内容都是对这一观点的具体说明。A选项“友谊与归属感之间的密切关系”可以准确地概括本段的主要内容。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
[解析] 本段的第一句话说到，“An experience of this kind gives the clue to what companionship really is. ”然后就具体介绍了到底什么是companionship(友谊)。很明显，E选项“什么是友谊?”可以准确地概括本段的主要内容。因此，本题的正确答案为E。
5. If you had no one to share your feelings, your life would be ______. A. sad and lonely B. emotionally health C. without real love for them D. a sense of security E. a lonely wolf F. without pity
A
[解析] 原文第二段的第二句话明确说到，“How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. ”表明，没有人可以分享情感的生活是悲伤、孤独的。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
6. The warm feelings of belongingness may give you ______.
D
[解析] 原文第一段的第一句话明确说到，“You depend on all the people closely around you to give you the warm feeling of belongingness that you must have to feel secure. ”由此可知，这种温暖的归属感可以使你觉得安全，也就是能给你一种安全感。D选项中的security为原文中secure的名词形式。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
7. The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you ______.
B
[解析] 原文第二段的最后一句话明确说到，“The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them. ”由此可知，与他人建立良好关系的能力可以使你保持情感健康。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
8. You will find it hard to make friends with people ______.
C
[解析] 原文的最后一句话明确说到，“...you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people. ”只要你表现出对别人的喜欢就一定会交到朋友。由此可知，成为朋友的前提是彼此互相喜欢。也就是说，我们很难与那些我们不喜欢的人成为朋友。因此，本题的正确答案为C。
第4部分：阅读理解 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
Personal Search Agent
Hunting for a job late last year, Lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across Career Builder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's "personal search agent". It's an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. "I struck gold," says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company. With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: "Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility," says one expert. For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. "None of these programs do that," says another expert. "There's no career counseling implicit in all of this." Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database ; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. "I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me," says the author of a job-searching guide. Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When Career Site's agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. "On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic," says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for Career Site. Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at Career Builder. "You always keep your eyes open," he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.
1. How did Redmon find his job?
A.By searching openings in a job database.
B.By posting a matching position in a database.
C.By using a special service of a database.
D.By E-mailing his resume to a database.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。文章第一段就是介绍Redmon如何找到工作的。该段中讲到去年年末Redmon找工作时，偶然发现了Career Builder，一个网上的求职资料库(a job database on the Internet)。然后Redmon使用资料库的“个人搜索代理”(personal search agent)，敲入了法律、知识产权和华盛顿特区这几个关键词，三周后就接到了空缺职位的通知。接着他把个人简历用电子邮件发送给了雇主，从而获得了一个公司内部法律顾问的工作。由此可见C项“使用一个资料库的特殊服务”是他找到工作的方式，其中special service指的就是网站上提供的“personal search agent”这种服务。A项中的“搜寻空缺职位”和B项中的“邮寄相匹配的职位”都是“personal search agent”代替当事人做的事情。
2. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?
A.Lack of counseling.
B.Limited number of visits.
C.Lower efficiency.
D.Fewer successful matches.
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。第二段第三句提到“...career experts see drawbacks(职业专家们看到了它的缺点)”，随后就具体列举出了一个缺点：每缩小一次搜索条件，对求职或应聘者来说就意味着失去了一次机会。另外，在第三段也提到了一个缺点“整个系统中没有任何关于就业咨询的内容(There's no career counseling implicit in all of this)”，其中的this指的是前文中的job searching programs(搜索代理)，所以选A。
3. The expression "tip service" (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means ______.
A.advisory
B.compensation
C.interaction
D.reminder
A B C D
D
[解析] 语义题。第三段第四句中提到“Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database”(相反，最佳策略是把“代理”当作一种提示性服务，来及时跟踪一个特定数据库里的工作信息)，随后的内容“when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again”是对这种策略的具体说明，所以tip service与reminder的意思接近。
4. Why does Career Site's agent offer each job hunter only three job options?
A.To focus on better job matches.
B.To attract more returning visits.
C.To reserve space for more messages.
D.To increase the rate of success.
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。第四段第二句中提到“When Career Site's..., for example, it includes only three potential jobs...”，由其中的for example可知，此句中举出的例子是为了说明前面一句中的论点，即“Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return”(一些网站设计“代理”时考虑让它诱使求职者回访网站)。而且后文中的内容具体说明如何诱使求职者再次访问网站的：查找数据库中更多的匹配职位。所以选B。
5. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.
B.Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.
C.Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.
D.Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。最后一段首句提到“Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. ”，其中的worthwhile(有价值的)和C项中的helpful意思相近，所以C项“个人搜索代理对那些已经就业的人也有用”正确。根据前面的内容可知，搜索代理也有缺点，最好的策略是把它当作一种提示性服务，所以A项“对于求职者来说个人搜索代理是必不可少的”是错误的；最后一段第二句讲到“一些人利用搜索代理(发来的电子邮件)密切关注职业市场对于自己行业的需求”，所以B项错误；根据最后一段中的“Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at Career Builder. ”可知，就业后还可以继续使用搜索代理服务，所以D项错误。
第二篇
The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight
You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat." You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight, and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight." How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45 kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained. The results were surprising: by metabolic measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people. Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended, they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9 kg. Someone might weigh 60-69 kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.
1. What determines your weight?
A.Your working manner.
B.Your eating habit.
C.Your life style.
D.Your genes.
A B C D
D
[解析] 第一段最后一句提到“Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. ”(你的基因，而不是你的生活习惯决定了你的体重，而且你的身体总是在努力维持你的体重)，由此可见我们的体重是由我们的基因决定的，所以选D。
2. What did Jules Hirsch do in his study?
A.He let the eight fat people skip supper.
B.He let the eight fat people skip breakfast.
C.He let the eight fat people run every morning and evening.
D.He gave the eight fat people a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.
A B C D
D
[解析] 第三段第三、四句中提到“Jules Hirsch...did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. ”，由此可知Jules Hirsch在他的研究中给八个胖子每人每天提供600卡路里热量的流食配方，所以选D。
3. What happened to the eight fat people after they left the hospital?
A.They went mad.
B.They killed themselves.
C.They were back to normal weight.
D.They attempted suicide.
A B C D
C
[解析] 第三段中提到“But after leaving the hospital, they all regained. ”(但是离开医院之后，他们的体重又恢复了)，由此可知八个胖子出院后他们又回到了原来的体重，故选C。
4. What did Ethan Sims make his subjects do?
A.Battle their genetic inheritance.
B.Increase their weight.
C.Stay at home.
D.Lower their weight.
A B C D
B
[解析] 第四段中讲到了Ethan Sims的实验，其中提到“Ethan Sims...got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. ”由此可知Ethan Sims让他的调查对象即犯人做志愿者增加体重。其中gain weight和B项的Increase their weight意思一样，故选B。
5. What did scientists think was true?
A.Each person has a natural weight range.
B.Each person has a weight range of 9 kg.
C.Each person wants to control his weight.
D.Each person wants to eat to his heart's content.
A B C D
A
[解析] 最后一段的第一句中讲到了科学家认为的正确观点，即“The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable weight range. ”，由此可知调查结果还证实了科学家认为是正确的一点，即每个人都有一个适当的体重范围，故本题的正确答案是A。
第三篇
What About Smoking
Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain7 That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves. There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report: "Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions." Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game : by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now. Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research—a classic case of "paralysis by analysis." To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.
1. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that ______.
A.there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death
B.the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant
C.people had the freedom to choose their own way of life
D.antismoking people were usually talking nonsense
A B C D
C
[解析] 推断题。根据文中第一段前三句可知，作者提问，是否还记得那些年科学家争论说吸烟会致人死亡，但是怀疑者们坚持认为这还不确定，他们认为“the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way. ”(反对吸烟的游说是想毁掉我们的生活方式，政府应当置身事外)，由此可推断出吸烟的支持者们认为人们“有选择自己的生活方式的自由”(the freedom to choose their own way of life)，所以本题的答案是C。
2. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as ______.
A.a protector
B.a judge
C.a critic
D.a guide
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。文中第二段最后两句介绍了Bruce Alberts的观点，讲到“科学从来没有所有的答案。但是科学确实能够为我们的未来提供“最有效的指引”(science does provide us with the best available guide to the future)，重点是我们的国家和整个世界都应依据科学能够提供的关于人类现在的行为对未来影响的最佳判断来制定重要决策(base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide...)。由此可知，Bruce Alberts认为科学可以作为一个“指南”，所以本题的答案是D项。
3. What does the author mean by "paralysis by analysis" ( Last line, Paragraph 4)?
A.Endless studies kill action.
B.Careful investigation reveals truth.
C.Prudent planning hinders progress.
D.Extensive research helps decision-making.
A B C D
A
[解析] 猜测词义题。第四段最后一句中提到a classic case of "paralysis by analysis" (一个典型的“分析导致麻痹”的例子)，破折号前面的内容是对此的解释“Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research”(他们(指美国政府)没有制定任何行动计划，只是继续迫切要求进行更多的调查研究)。由此可知作者认为无止尽的分析研究只会扼杀行动，所以本题的答案是A项。
4. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?
A.Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.
B.Raise public awareness of conservation.
C.Press for further scientific research.
D.Take some legislative measures.
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。第五段第三句提到“If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. ”(如果政府不争取立法上的主动权，国会就应当帮助政府开始制定保护措施)。由此可知作者认为政府应当争取立法的主动权，即首先采取法律行动来应对全球变暖，所以本题的答案是D项。
5. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because ______.
A.they both suffered from the government's negligence
B.a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former
African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world's most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine. 1 Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US $225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches. The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings. 2 "After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits," the magazine said. Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show "The Oprah Winfrey Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style. Last month, American actor Tom Cruise, 42, surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. He jumped up and down, shouting "I'm in love." Only a few years ago, Cruise and his ex-wife Nicole Kidman appeared separately on the same show telling the news of their divorce. 3 Winfrey's approach appears to be simple. She is in pursuit of self-improvement and self-empowerment(自强). This has proved to be just what people, especially women, want. Winfrey often talks about her personal secrets on her show. That pulls in viewers. For example, she revealed that she had been sexually abused as a child, and has spoken freely of her struggle with her weight. Winfrey was born to a poor family in Mississippi in 1954. 4 At the age of 19, she became the youngest person and the first African American woman to anchor(主持) a news programme. Her success has not just been on the screen. Her media group includes a women's TV network and websites for women. Winfrey's work has extended to social change. 5 She testified before the US Senate to establish a national database of dangerous child abusers. President Bill Clinton later signed "Oprah Bill" into law. A. But it also looks at the celebrity's presence on the Internet and in the media. B. In 1991, she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act. C. She was not a very successful woman. D. She began broadcasting while still at high school. E. It placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week. F. The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up.
[解析] 空格前面的句子说到“The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings”，可知福布斯排行榜最看重的是(名人)的年收入，空格后面的句子紧接着说到“After 21 years, her exciting chat show still roles the airwaves”，可知她令人激动的谈话节目一直占据着电视广播的主导地位。A选项说“但它同样也看重名人在互联网和媒体中的表现”，其中Internet和media与空格后面的airwaves相呼应，also完成与上文的过渡。A选项填在此处使上下文紧密联系，语义连贯。因此，本题的正确答案为A。
[解析] 空格前面的句子说到“Winfrey was born to a poor family in Mississippi in 1954”，可知这句话叙述的是她的出身，空格后面的句子说到“At the age of 19, she...”，此处则叙述的是她19岁时的事情，故空白处应是介于童年和青年之间的事情，D选项“她还在高中的时候就开始做广播节目”，填在此处可使上下文紧密联系，语义连贯。因此，本题的正确答案为D。
5.
B
[解析] 空格前面的句子说到“Winfrey's work has extended to social change”，讲的是Winfrey的工作延伸到社会变化方面，B选项紧接着说到“她为全国儿童保护法案做了许多工作”，空格后面的句子则叙述她致力于儿童保护方面的活动，B选项填在此处可使上下文语义连贯。因此，本题的正确答案为B。
第6部分：完形填空 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Sex Change Surgery Guidelines Drafted
China is set to issue its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery, according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday. The ministry is now soliciting(征求) public and professional 1 on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims to regulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery. Experts 2 nearly 2,000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100,000 to 400,000 are still considering it. However, no official number is available. In the draft, the MOH sets minimum 3 for both surgical candidates and medical institutions. Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single, the draft guideline said. They are also required to prove a persistent 4 for a sex change, to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role, and to engage in mental therapy for at least one year. Before surgery can take place, a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operation from a 5 after an appropriate series of therapy sessions. Also, several legal requirements must be met 6 the procedure. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she does not have any criminal 7 in the past. Police must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the prospective (未来的) receiver before the 8 can take place. The advent (出现) of such a guideline is believed to show that the government is concerned 9 the needs of a relatively small number of people who want to change sex. But doctors also warn 10 all stakeholders, including the hospital and prospective receivers, should be highly cautious about this surgery. The operation is more than a medical 11 due to its huge social and legal consequences. Doctors should make it clear to those 12 sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue to live in the original role. The guideline 13 surgeons to tell patients about other options such as hormone therapy. They are also required to explain the 14 involved, and underlying social barriers including discrimination, and administrative recognition and approval. For the candidates, the surgery itself is not the 15 issue in the long run. The real issue is the kind of life he or she will have to lead afterward.
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