昨日，一位研究考试舞弊的权威专家指出，为防止小学生在考试中使用手机短信作弊，学校应考虑使用信号屏蔽设备。
   诺丁汉特伦特大学心理学教授吉恩·安德伍德说，虽然有关使用新技术与考试舞弊的争论一直针对大学，但是该问题在中小学有可能更加普遍。
   她评述说：“或许在中小学校中对学习欺诈问题的研究不及在高等教育部门中进行得深入，但种种迹象表明该问题确实存在并且有不断蔓延的趋势。”

[解析] 本文是一则有关学生在考试时利用手机作弊的新闻报道。新闻报道具有客观性，真实性。在语言方面，没有太多的文学描写。故翻译时可根据其特点客观地再现原文。
   1．signal-blocking devices：信号屏蔽设备，信号屏蔽器
   2．fraud：本意为欺诈，欺骗行为；在文中与exam连用，故根据语境译成“考试舞弊”。
   3．在第二段中出现了两个表示学校的词：university和school。很明显，university专指大学；相对应的school在此不能简单的翻译成“学校”而应译成“中小学校或中小学”。
   4．tertiary education：高等教育

窗户是开着的。她坐在窗前，透过窗口，她可以看到屋前广场上的树梢在新春的气息中兴奋地颤抖着。空气中弥漫着芬芳的雨的气息。窗下的街道上，一个小贩正在叫卖他的器皿。远处依稀传来缥缈的歌声，数不清的麻雀也在屋檐下叽叽喳喳地唱个不停。对着她窗口西边的天空上，云朵层层叠叠地堆积着，间或露出一绺绺蔚蓝的天空。

[解析] 本文是散文The Story of an Hour的节选段落。本段落是Mrs. Mallard在得知丈夫死于车祸之后，回到自己的房间，透过窗户看到的外面情景。Mrs. Mallard认为，对她来说，丈夫的离去并不是一件悲伤的事，因为从此以后她的身心都自由了。因而，这段窗外情景的描写是一幅和谐、愉悦的画面。从另一方面来看，即使我们不知道此文的出处及背景，也能从其语言中体会到此短文的基调是欢快的。在翻译时，可根据原文所表达的心情，对某些词语给以恰当的措辞。
   1．原文第一句“as she sat facing the open window”，根据汉语的特点，将“open window”译作一单句。
   2．aquiver：(多用作表示)颤抖的，兴奋的
   3．peddler：小商贩
   4．crying在此并不能译为“哭”，而应根据其主语“peddler”译成“叫卖”较合适。
   5．twitter：(鸟)叽叽喳喳地叫。在翻译此词时，如果直译，就会很枯涩；但将其译成“叽叽喳喳地唱”则更能再现原文的意味。
   6．最后一句话“...patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window”句子较长且句子结构较为复杂，考生应注意分析辨别。其中的“showing...facing her window”作状语；“...that had met and...”是定语从句，用来修饰“the clouds”。
   7．here and there：在各处，零星分散地

When we view the world from the cultural perspective, what become the prime issues are the self-identity of local culture and the choices of future direction. What is the fine tradition of Chinese civilization? What is the advanced culture in the world of today? Only when we put them into the background of the development of human civilization and to settle them in the broad field of global multi-culture can we reach the final conclusion. Dating back to the history of birth and communication of human civilization, there is no chance to evade the differences and conflicts between western culture and eastern culture. Over a long period, people have been keen on discussing about them in regard to which is better or more advanced. However, we are not clear about their origins and traits, nor do we know very well the fundamental characters of those cultural differences and conflicts. Therefore, we need to do more in tracing the problem to its source before presenting our opinions.

1. 对本土文化的认同是指对本土文化特性的认识和支持，因此，译为“self-identity”。
   2．文中第四句话“只有……才……”在翻译时应采用倒装语序。
   3．第六句原文较长，可采用断句的方式处理此句。可将“但……”作为单独的句子来译。
   4．追本溯源：trace the problem to its source

[范文]
   
   The issue of ethics has attracted public attention and aroused heated discussions in recent years. The bottom line of ethics has been lowered, since people dare not to help someone who is in danger or to safeguard the justice of law. Reflecting the above-mentioned incident, I hold the opinion that the couple should be inevitably blamed and the incomplete legal and social system is the fundamental factor to be pondered.
   The policeman in the news report might not have spared no effort to catch the robber, if he has known that the victim would refuse to act as eye witness. It is assumed that such kind of case will make people hesitate to give their hands to others who are in trouble, for they don't know whether the helped deserve their efforts and risks. Then you can imagine what the world would be like, if everyone acts as a bystander when catching sight of others in difficulties. There is no doubt that the basic ethics would become lip-service. Many people complain that those people as kind-hearted as Leifeng have no longer existed. In fact, I think if everyone learns to appreciate the other's help and encourage them to help more people, there must be more and more brave and warm-hearted people springing up. Moreover, there should no definite boundary between helpers and the helped. Their roles can be shifted or exchanged with each other. If you are helped, you can spread and flourish the spirit to a wider range. As soon as such a fine cycle forms, ethics will be within the heart of everyone.
   On the other hand, it is easy for us to make clear why the couple turned down the police. Being busy is just an excuse. They are afraid to be revenged by the robbers. That is, they felt insecure that they would get themselves into trouble because of assisting the police. To be honest, it is justifiable for them to make such an immoral and irresponsible behavior. In the unhealthy legal and social system, there is lack of laws, regulations and ethics to guide each citizen to have the right of citizenship, for instance, to be in court as witness. Being a witness means you are violating the interests of the accused. Under the insecure conditions, people are likely to defend their own interests. Nevertheless, if the perfect legal and social system is established and carried forward, I am convinced that people will become more concerned and responsible for others, rather than anxious and indifferent.
   To sum up, it is the incomplete social system that is responsible for the stone-hearted and irresponsible one. Therefore, as long as the legal and social system becomes perfect, the ethics will be fostered and enhanced, and meanwhile, the virtue will blossom.