银符考试题库-在线练习-大学四级模拟23

大学四级模拟23

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must rend the four choices marked A), B) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

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A.Ask for a check to cover the difference.
B.Buy a new TV set.
C.Ask somebody else to repair his TV.
D.Mr. John is the best person to ask for repairing TV sets.

A B C D

[解析]
M：I had to have Mr．John come over and adjust my TV again last night．
W：If I were you，I'd have someone else check it out．
Q：What does the woman think the man should do?
[解析]推理判断题。男士说昨晚他又找约翰先生过来修理电视，女士说：如果我是你，就会找别人来检查。她的言外之意是：建议男土找别人来修理电视。

A.The woman thinks that everything was all right.
B.The woman blames the man for his absence.
C.The woman thanks the man for his efforts.
D.The woman doesn't think it was the man's fault.

A B C D

[解析]
M：Look，I'm sorry l didn't turn up for the match yesterday，but it wasn't really my fault，you know．
W：It's all very well saying it wasn't your fault，but thanks to you we lost 9 to 1．
Q：What do we learn from the conversation?
[解析]理解归纳题。男士为他没能去参加昨天的比赛道歉，说那不是他的错。女士却生气地责备说：说得倒容易，不是你的错，正因为你，我们以9：1输掉了比赛。由此可见，女士因男士的缺席而责备他。

A.Take part in the championship game.
B.Try out for the field hockey team.
C.Get tickets to see the championship game.
D.Go to practice field hockey.

A B C D

[解析]
M：Congratulations! I heard your field hockey team is going to the mid-Atlantic championships!
W：Yeah! Now we're all working hard to get ready for our game tomorrow．
Q：What will the woman probably do this afternoon?
[解析]推理判断题。男士恭喜女士所在的曲棍球队即将参加中大西洋锦标赛，女土说她们现在正在努力训练，为明天的比赛做准备，由此可推断出，今天下午女士有可能去训练。

A.John was lying to his wife.
B.John won' t be able to come home for dinner.
C.John will eat without meat.
D.John was on the way home.

A B C D

[解析]
W：John，dinner is all ready and my parents have just arrived．Where are you?
M：I'm sorry，Helen，but the meeting I'm attending won't be over for an hour．You should all go ahead and eat without me．
Q：What do we learn from this conversation?
[解析]推理判断题。女士对男士感到不满，因为饭菜已经准备好了，她的父母也到了，但男士却没有回来。男士向女士道了歉，并解释说：会议还要一个小时才会结束，让他们先吃。由此可知，约翰不能赶回家吃饭了，故应选B)。

A.The effects of the flood.
B.The heroic fight against a flood.
C.The cause of the flood.
D.Floods of the past twenty years.

A B C D

[解析]
M：This has been the worst flood for the past 20 years．It has caused much damage and destruction．
W：Look at the prices of fruits and vegetables．No wonder they are so expensive．
Q：What are they talking about?
[解析] 理解归纳题。本题需在理解对话内容的基础上对总体内容进行简单归纳。男士说：这一定是过去二十年来规模最大的一次洪水，造成很大的伤亡和破坏。女士说：看看水果和蔬菜的价格，难怪都这么贵。男士从正面直接指出洪水的影响，而女士则从侧面间接地说出了洪水对人们生活的影响。归纳二人对话内容可知，他们正在谈论洪水造成的影响。

A.The woman came back late.
B.The woman didn't bring the man a gift.
C.The woman forgot to buy a birthday cake.
D.The woman forgot to come to the birthday party.

A B C D

[解析]
W：I'm sorry．I came back in a hurry and forgot to buy the birthday cake．
M：I told you it is our son's birthday today and he likes cakes．You said you would get him one．
Q：What do we learn from this conversation?
[解析]信息明示题。对话中女士明确提到：我因回来匆忙，忘记给孩子买生日蛋糕(forgot to buy the birthday cake)，感到很抱歉。男士生气地埋怨说：我已经告诉过你今天是孩子的生日，孩子很喜欢蛋糕，你也承诺说会买的。根据对话内容可知，选项C)与对话内容符合。

A.The first house they saw is too expensive.
B.She is pleased with the price set by the seller.
C.They may save some money for the time being.
D.Less money will be spent ill maintaining the house.

A B C D

[解析]
M：Of the two houses we have seen，which one do you think fits our needs better，the first one or the second one?
W：The second one．It seems very expensive，but in the long run it will save us the money on the maintenance．
Q：What does the woman say about the reason for her choice?
[解析]观点态度题。男士问在两所房子中，女士认为哪一个更能满足他们的需要。女士坦言她更倾向于第二所房子，原因是它表面看来很贵，但从长远来看(in the long run)，这座房子将节省保养费用。由此可见，女士做出选择的依据是出于长期对于房子维护的考虑。

A.Both of the man and woman hate collecting stamps.
B.Neither of them feels collecting stamps is an easy thing.
C.The woman is very fond of collecting stamps.
D.The man prefers walk to music.

A B C D

[解析]
M：Collecting stamps is not an easy work for me．If I have time to spare，I'd like to go for a long country walk or listen to music．
W：Well，I regard collecting as play．I'm never so happy as when I'm busy with stamps．
Q：What do you learn from the conversation?
[解析]理解归纳题。男士认为集邮对他来说不是一件容易的事，如果他能抽出时间，更喜欢去乡间散步或听音乐。这表明他不喜欢集邮。而女士则把集邮当成娱乐，只有当她忙于邮票时才会感到非常愉快。由此可知，女士很喜欢集邮。

A.Go to the lab for a quick look.
B.Check on what's for dinner.
C.Go running before they eat.
D.Go and see if they have dropped anything in the lab.

A B C D

[解析]
W：Could you drop by the lab for a minute? I have some experiments running that I need to check on before dinner．
M：Sure．I have plenty of time．I'd be interested to see what you're working on，anyway．
Q：What are they going to do?
[解析]推理判断题。女士问男士是否能顺便去(drop by)一下实验室，她需要在饭前检查一下正在进行的实验。男土爽快地答应了，说他有充足的时间，而且很有兴趣看看女士正在做的实验。由此可推断出，两个人打算去实验室看看。

10.

A.Both Susan and John attended the meeting.
B.Neither of them attended the meeting.
C.Susan attended the meeting but John didn't.
D.John attended the meeting but Susan didn't.

A B C D

[解析]
M：Hello，Susan．Weren't you at the meeting last Thursday，either?
W：Well，John，I was just on the way when I ran into an old friend of mine，and she invited me to her home，so I didn't make it to the meeting．
Q：What do you know from this conversation?
[解析]推理判断题。男土问Susan上周四是否也没有出席会议，这表明男士没去；女士解释道：那天她在赶往会议的路上偶然遇到(run into)一个老朋友，受邀去朋友家做客，所以就没有出席会议。因此，两人都没有出席那次会议。

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a questions, you must choose the best answer from the four, choices marked A),B) , C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.Because everyone knows you in a new place.
B.Because your old friends aren't watching you.
C.Because you have much pressure of your former colleagues.
D.Because you have more opportunities.

A B C D

[解析]
Passage One
The average American will move 13 times in his life time and most of those moves will take him to another city— a new．job，new friends，sometimes a whole new lifestyle．
Moving offers the opportunity to make personal changes as well as to change the place where you live and work． For example，you might want to change the way you dress，the kind of friends you have or what you do for entertainment．
When no one knows you，you can make these changes in yourself and your lifestyle more easily because your old friends aren't watching you and you don't have the pressure of your former co-workers．
Moving offers opportunities，but of course，it can also cause problems． It takes time to adjust yourself to change and you might feel lonely and unhappy at first．Moving can also cause problems with in the family．If both husband and wife work，probably only one of them will benefit professionally from the move．The other may feel angry and resentful．Children may also resent having to leave their friends and school because their parents decided to move．
In the end，moving will be easier if you can focus on the present．That is，don't waste time missing the life you left behind．Instead，start making a new life in your new city. And don't worry that you might have to move again in a couple of years．Think about where you are now and make the most of it．
11.Why can moving make it much easier for you to make personal changes?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第三段提到"When no one knows you，...of your former co-workers．”(没有人认识你时，你可以更容易改变自己和生活方式，因为没有老朋友看着你，也不会有过去的同事所带来的压力。)四个选项中，只有B)与原文相符。

A.You can't find a good job.
B.You may waste a lot of time.
C.You may feel lonely and unhappy at the beginning.
D.You have to leave your children.

A B C D

[解析]
What problem might you meet when you move according to the passage?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第四段中提到的搬家所带来的问题包括：搬家需要花时间调节自己适应新变化，刚开始会感到孤独和不愉快，搬家还会给家庭带来一些问题。四个选项中，只有C)项与文章内容符合。

A.Children are always happy to move to a new city.
B.Moving brings the opportunities as well as some problems.
C.Husband and wife don't matter if he or she can benefit from the move.
D.You should think about the future when you move.

A B C D

[解析]
What do we learn from the passage?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第二段首句提到“Moving offers the opportunity...you live and work．”(搬迁使我们有机会改变自己以及工作和生活的环境)，同时第四段首句也提到“Moving offers...cause problems．”(搬迁提供机会，但它也会带来问题。)由此可知，搬迁带来的不仅有机会，还有问题。

Passage Two
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.Drug.
B.Substance.
C.Medicine.
D.Alcohol.

A B C D

[解析]
Passage Two
Technically，any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug．Many people mistakenly believe the term "drug" refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts． They don't realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs．This is why the neutral term substance' is now used by many physicians and psychologists．The phrase "substance abuse" is often used instead of "drug abuse" to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine．
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substance is pervasive：an aspirin to quiet a head- ache，some wine to be sociable，coffee to get going in the morning，a cigarette for the nerves．When do these socially acceptable and obviously constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all，most substances taken in excess will produce side-effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions．Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance，with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect，and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued．
14.What is the more neutral term for drugs now?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第一段第二句到第四句提到"Many people mistakenly believe the term 'drug' refers only to...This is why the neutral term ' substance' is now used...”(许多人误认为名词
"drug" 仅仅指某种药品或毒品，他们没有意识到熟悉的物质如烟和酒也是药物，这就是中性词“物质”现在被许多医师和心理学者使用的原因。)由此可知，现在substance 是drug的更中性的表达。

A.They will produce negative effects.
B.They will produce positive effects.
C.They will produce no effects.
D.They will produce the desired effects.

A B C D

[解析]
What will happen to most substances if they are taken excessively?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第二段第三句提到“most substances taken in excess...perceptual distortions．”意思是说：大部分药品使用过量会产生诸如中毒、严重的知觉畸变等副作用。由此可知，过度使用药物会产生负面影响。

A.Mental addiction.
B.Substance independence.
C.The desired effects.
D.Substance dependence.

A B C D

[解析]
What can the repeated use of substance result in?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第二段第四句提到“Repeated use of a substance... substance dependence．”(重复使用某种物质也会导致身体或物质依赖。)由此可知，D)项与文意相符。

Passage Three
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.In 1928.
B.In 1929.
C.In 1932.
D.In 1940.

A B C D

[解析]
Passage Three
Roosevelt was the only president in American history who served more than two terms．And he's remembered by the Americans as a great patriot．
He was born in a rich family and had studied in Harvard University. At the age of forty，he was stricken with infantile paralysis and lost his ability to walk normally. In spite of his poor health，he was still elected governor of New York in 1928 on the Democratic ticket．In 1932，he was elected President．Within three months after he moved in the White House， Roosevelt presented to Congress more than 70 bills for approval which were generally known as his " New Deal "．
This " New Deal " was to strike some kind of balance between different branches of national economy and reduce the gap between production and consumption．The" New Deal "enlarged government interference in production and circulation，but it took no measure against private ownership of means of production．It readjusted the distribution of social wealth，but exploitation remained legal．But workers' conditions in general achieved some improvement and progress was made in labor organization．
He achieved some success in revitalizing American economy and derived his fame from the“New Deal”as a man of confidence．
17.When was he elected the American President?
[解析]事实细节题。本题主要考查学生对1928和1932两个时间的辨认，文章第二段第三句提到“he was still elected governor of New York in 1928 "，然后第四句提到“In 1932，he was elected President．”此处明确指出罗斯福于1932年当选美国总统。

A.It reduced government interference in production and circulation.
B.It's concerned about the distribution of social wealth.
C.It took measures against private ownership of means of production.
D.Worker' s condition in general has not been improved.

A B C D

[解析]
What can we infer from the passage about the "New Deal"?
[解析]推理判断题。第三段倒数第二句提到：It readjusted the distribution of social wealth(“新政”调整了社会财富的分配)。由此可知，新政涉及到社会财富的分配问题。

A.More than 16 bills.
B.More than 60 bills.
C.More than 17 bills.
D.More than 70 bills

A B C D

[解析]
How many bills did the " New Deal " consist of ?
[解析]事实细节题。本题考查对数字的辨认，由第二段末句“... more than 70 bills for approval which were generally known as his ' New Deal '"，可知，“新政”由70多个议案构成。

A.Roosevelt was remembered by Americans as a great reformer.
B.At the age of 40, he lost the capability in walking normally.
C.Roosevelt was elected governor of New York on the Republican side.
D.Exploitation is illegal in the "New Deal".

A B C D

[解析]
What can we learn from the passage?
[解析]事实细节题。文章第二：段第二句提到“At the age of forty，... lost his ability to walk normally"由此可知，罗斯福在四十岁时失去了正常行走的能力。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Americans are reputed to be friendly people. Their friendships, however, tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their lifetime, and consider other "friends" to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that
Americans dislike to be dependent on other people. They incline to "compartmentalize"(划分) friend- ships, having "friends at work", "friends on the softball team", "family friends" and so forth.
Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people al- ways seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere, Americans can sometimes seem abrupt or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move on to something else. Sometimes, early on, they will ask you questions that you may feel are very personal. No insult is intended; the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity, and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you don't understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them, do not hesitate to ask them questions about them- selves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything "American" in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become weary of listening. It doesn't matter because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores, for instance, than deal with silence.
On the other hand, don't expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or word affairs, unless those subjects directly involve the United States. Because the United States is geographically distant from many other nations, some Americans tend not to be aware of what goes on in other parts of the world.

1. According to the passage, Americans' attitude towards friendship is________.

A.unusual to have only one intimate friend
B.more informal than that in other countries
C.to regard all friends as only social acquaintances
D.to divide friends into several grades

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章首段第二句提到“Their friendships，however，tend to be shorter and more casual...”，由此可知，美国人的友谊是比较随意的，不是非常正式，故B)项为正确答案。[避错指导]第一段第三句话谈到 " It is not uncommon... to be just social acquaintances．”，双重否定表示肯定的意思，由此可知，对美国人来说，一生中只有一个知己，把其他朋友仪当成泛泛之交都是很常见的，由此排除A)、C)两项；根据首段最后一句可知：美国人往往划分友谊．也就是把朋友划分类别，如工作中的朋友、垒球场上的朋友等，但并不是划分等级。故排除D)。

2. The phrase "highly charged" (Line 2, Para. 2) most probably means________.

A.extremely expensive
B.much cheerful
C.highly responsible
D.full of mobility and change

A B C D

[解析] 语义理解题。第二段首句提到：因为美国是一个充满活力、富于流动和变化的社会，所以人们似乎总忙个不停。然后作者就紧接着又指出：在这个 highly charged的环境中，美国人有时看起来有些唐突，缺乏耐心，由此可推断出，highly charged 指的就是上文中的 highly active，而这种社会的特点就是充满流动和变化。[避错指导]|A)“非常昂贵的”，B)“非常愉快的”，C)“高度负责的”。A)和C)无法修饰 atmosphere(气氛)，故排除；B)项放在此处与文意不合，故排除。

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A.Americans know a lot about international affairs.
B.Friendships among Americans tend to be more formal.
C.Americans always seem to be on the move.
D.Americans like to cooperate with other people.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。根据第二段首句“Because the United States... people always seem to be on the go”可知，美国人似乎总是在流动中，[避错指导]在文章最后一段，作者指出：美国人对国际事务和世界地理并不熟悉，也并不十分关心，故排除A)；首段第二句提到的美国人的友谊较短也较为 casual(随意的)，而不是formal(正式的)．放排除B)；在第一段第四句中作者提到" Americans dislike to be dependent on other people"，由此可知，美国人不喜欢依赖别人．故排除D)。

4. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.

A.Americans want to take part in all kinds of activities
B.curiosity is the major characteristic of Americans
C.Americans do not know how to deal with silence
D.Americans' characters are influenced by their social and geographical environments

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章首段第四句提到：美国人对待友谊的态度可能与美国人的流动性以及他们不喜欢依赖别人有关；第二段首句又讲到：美国是个充满活力、流动和变化的社会，所以美国人总忙个不停，这些都表明了社会对美国人性格的影响。根据文章最后一句可知：美国远离许多其他国家，有些美国人往往不清楚世界上的其他地方所发生的事情，此处是说受地理环境的影响，故D)项为正确答案。 [避错指导]文章并未提到美国人是否喜欢参加各种活动，故排除A)；文中并未提到好奇心是美国入的主要特点，故排除B)；根据第二段最后两句可知：美国人在交谈时宁愿谈论天气或最近的体育赛事也不愿沉默，因为他们不喜欢在谈话时沉默，而不是不知道如何应付沉默，故排除C)。

5. Why do Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world?

A.Because they are not interested in other countries.
B.Because their country doesn't have many neighboring nations.
C.Because they are too proud of themselves.
D.Because they are too busy to learn about other countries.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章最后一句可知：因为与美国交界的国家不多，所以美国人一般对其他国家的事务不太关心。[避错指导]A)“他们对其他国家不感兴趣”，C)“他们太自傲”，D)“他们太忙而无法了解其他国家”。这三个选项均与文章最后一句话的意思不符，故排除。

Passage Two
To a large degree, the measure, of our peace of mind is determined by how much we are able to live in the present moment. Irrespective of what happened yesterday or last year, and what may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where you are--always!
Without doubt, many of us have mastered the neurotic(神经质的) art of spending much of our lives worrying about a variety of things—all at once. We allow past problems and future concerns to dominate our present moments, so much so that we end up anxious, frustrated, depressed, and hopeless. On the flip side, we also postpone our gratification(满意), our stated priorities, and our happiness, often convincing ourselves that "someday" will be better than today. Unfortunately, the same mental dynamics that tell us to look toward the future will only repeat themselves so that some- day never actually arrives. John Lennon once said, "life is what's happening while we're busy making other plans." When we're busy making other plans, our children are busy growing up, the people we love are moving away and dying, our bodies are getting out of shape, and our dreams are slip- ping away. In short, we miss out on life.
Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal(彩排) for some later date. It isn't. In fact, no one guarantees that he or she will be here tomorrow. Now is the only time we have, and the only time that we have any control over. When our attention is in the present moment, we push fear from our minds. Fear is the concern over events that might happen in the future—we won't have enough money, our children will get into trouble, we will get old and die, whatever.
To combat fear, the best strategy is to learn to bring your attention back to the present. Mark Twain said, "I have been through some terrible things in my life, some of which actually happened." I don't think I can say it any better. Practice keeps your attention on the here and now. Your efforts will pay great dividends.

1. The purpose of the author is __________.

A.to show people how to make plans
B.to illustrate the problems of modern life
C.to tell people to learn to live in the present moment
D.to explain the importance of keeping our peace of mind

A B C D

[解析] 上旨大意题。作者首先阐明：无论过去与将来，现在才是我们所拥有的时刻；然后指出许多人因担心和忧虑错过了生活，其实只有现在才是我们所能把握的；最后表明：要克服恐惧心理，最佳策略就是把注意力拉回到此时此刻；综上所述。文章的目的就是要告诉大家应该学会把握现在。[避错指导] A)“向人们展示如何制定计划”，B)“举例说明现代生活的问题”，D)“解释保持内心平静的重要性”。这三项均，与文章的中心意思不符，故排除。

2. The major problem for many people is _________.

A.spending most of time worrying about the present things
B.delaying their gratification and priorities
C.caring too much about the past and future rather than the present
D.losing their hopes when facing difficulties

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文单第二段指出；很多人把生活的大部分时间花在为种种事情担心忧虑上，我们听凭过去的麻烦和未来的担心控制我们此时此刻的生活，致使我们错过了生活。由此可推断出，许多人的主要问题就在于过分担心过去和未来而忽略了现在。[避错指导] A)“把大部分时间花在为目前事情担心忧虑上”与原文内容不符；B)“推迟幸福感和优先考虑的事情”，D)“面对困难丧失希望”这两项均在第二段中出现，但不是多数人的主要问题，故排除。

3. "Many people live as if life were a dress rehearsal" suggests that________.

A.they always wish to be an actor or an actress
B.they are always making plans for future rather than focusing on the present
C.they believe their present life is prepared for their future life
D.they all have a guarantee they will become famous tomorrow

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章第三段首句指出：许多人的生活好像是未来某个日子的彩排。言外之意
是说“许多人的生活就好像在为将来的生活做准备”。这里是承接上文的内容，作者在第二段后面提到：许多人因忙于为将来制定计划，而错过了现在和身边的生活。[避错指导] A)“他们总是希望自己成为演员”显然不对；作者说许多人的生活就好像在为将来的生活做准备，而不是相信如此，故排除C)；D)“他们都保证自己将来会成名”是对原文的曲解，故排除。

4. What can we infer from Mark Twain's words?

A.There are some terrible things in his life.
B.The past is terrible lo be reminded of.
C.Some terrible things may actually happen in his life.
D.Let bygones be bygones.

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。在文中最后一段作者引用了马克·吐温的话“我经历过生活中一些可怕的事情，有些的确发生过。”作者紧接着表明自己的观点：我想我说不出比这更深刻的话。将注意力集中于此情此景、此时此刻，你的努力终会有丰厚的回报。由此可推断出，马克·吐温话的意思是“过去的就让它过去，应把握现在。”[避错指导] A)、C)两项为马克·吐温话语的内容，无需推断，故排除；B)项内容与他的话不能构成推断关系，故排除。

5. The word "dividends" in the last paragraph probably means _________.

A.division of your happy and miserable life
B.a lot of money
C.difference between dream and reality
D.benefits in return for your efforts

A B C D

[解析] 语义理解题。dividends本意是指投入股份得到的回报，即红利，此处指的是努力得到好的回报。[避错指导] A)“对幸福生活和悲惨生活的划分”，B)“许多钱”，C)“梦想与现实之间的差别”。A)、C)两项显然不对；dividend的原义是“红利”，属于资本的一种形式，但在文中是其引申义，故排除B)。

Passage Three
One of the main problems facing the world today is increased population. How can this increased population be fed and its standards of living be improved? Apparently higher agricultural production with better means of food distribution is an essential approach, but it can not be a final solution. In many countries, better agricultural techniques include mechanized farming, which leads to a reduction in the number of people working on the land. What will happen to this surplus (剩余) population, driven off the land by machines? They must be employed in new industries somewhere. Can such new, industries be introduced into countries which can not afford even basic modern equipment and which do not yet possess engineers or other workers with necessary training? In earlier days of foreign investment, there were governmental loans, but the largest proportion of invested funds were then contributed by private companies or individuals, who were willing to take exceptional risks in the hope of gaining extra profits.
More recently, and especially since the Second World War, a much larger proportion of money lent to developing countries has been provided directly from public authorities. These funds appear in the form of loans, from one government to another, or through special organizations, such as the Colombo Plan or the Colonial Development Corporation.
Even loans made by governments are not always dependable. A government which has given financial help may change its policy, or may be replaced by a government less interested in spending money abroad. A new government administration, or a government faced with problems at home, may decide to reduce foreign loans and investments. In 1968, for instance, increased military expenditure and other demands on its finances, led to the United States' greatly reduced loans to developing countries. In the present international situation, there is little security for developing countries, if their plans depend on external aid. These nations can only rely on a limited amount of aid from a few international organizations.

1. What should we do in order to feed the increasing population?

A.Find jobs for the people driven off land by machines.
B.Produce more food and share them reasonably among the people.
C.Use advanced farming machines and techniques.
D.Get financial aid for poor countries.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章首段第三句提到“Apparently higher agricultural production with better means of food distribution is an essential approach”，由此可知，农业增产和改进食物的分配手段是解决该问题的一个基本方法。[避错指导] A)“为那些被机器赶出土地的人们找到工作”，C)“使用先进的农业机械和技术”，A)和C)讲的都是劳动力过剩的问题，而不是人口的吃饭问题，故排除；D)项内容与文章内容相矛’盾，作者认为依靠援助是不能解决问题的。

2. Why can we hardly depend entirely on foreign investment for support?

A.Because the amount is too small to satisfy our needs.
B.Because governments are not interested in investing abroad.
C.Because the political situation of a government influences overseas investment policy.
D.Because foreign investments usually act according to international convention.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段前两句谈到“Even loans made by governments... in spending money abroad．”意思是说：即使是政府贷款也并不总是可靠的，提供援助的政府可能会改变政策，或被另一个对海外投资不太感兴趣的政府所取代。由此可知，政府的政治形势对海外的投资政策产生影响，故C)项为正确答案。[避错指导]是否依赖外国投资的支持与其投资金额没有直接关系，故排除A)；根据文意，并不是所有的政府对国外投资都不感兴趣，故排除B)；文中并未提及外国投资的具体情况，故排除D)。

3. To deal with the financial problems developing countries should_________.

A.rely on themselves as well as the foreign aid
B.depend on themselves only
C.depend on the foreign aid only
D.attract more overseas investments

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章最后两句指出：在目前的国际形势下，发展中国家若依靠外界的援助，将无安全可言。因为他们只能从几个国际组织那里获得非常有限的经济援助。由此可推断出，仅仅依赖外国投资是不可行的，要解决财政问题还需以自力更生为主，吸引外资为辅。[避错指导]“单纯依靠自己”、“单纯依靠国外援助”以及“吸引更多的外资”都不能从根本上解决发展中国家的财政问题，故B)、C)、D)三项均不正确。

4. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A.higher agricultural production can solve the problem of overpopulation
B.obtaining enough funds is important to introduce new industries
C.modern and advanced techniques need more farmers on land
D.nowadays it is secure for developing countries to rely on the external support

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章首段倒数第二句提到“Can such new industries... or other workers with necessary training?”根据句意可知：引进新工业需要现代化的设备和人才，而无论是购买基本的现代设备还是训练工程师和工人都需要资金。由此可推断出，获得足够的资金对于引进新工业来说非常重要。 [避错指导]根据文章首段第三句可知：农业增产和改进食物分配的手段是解决吃饭问题的一个基本方法，而不能解决人口过剩的问题，故排除A)；根据文章首段提到“better agricultural techniques... driven off the
land by machines”可知，采用先进的农业技术会导致所需的农民减少，迫使他们离开土地，故排除C)；根据文章倒数第二句中提到“there is little security for developing countries”可排除D)。

5. We can infer from the passage that__________.

A.the surplus population on farm can find jobs in new industries easily
B.governments are willing to gain extra profits by investment
C.loans by governments to developing countries are new financial activities
D.loans by governments can bring developing countries risks

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二句可知：在当今的国际形势下，如果发展中国家依靠外援，将无安全可言。由此可推断出，由政府向发展中国家提供援助会给这些国家带来风险，故应选D)。 [避错指导]段指出：农村过剩人口必须从事新工业．而新工业的引进需要现代化的设备以及受过培训的工人，可见对于这些人来说在新工业中很难找到工作，故排除A)；根据首段最后一句可知：是私营企业以及个人想通过投资获取利润，故排除B)；从首段最后一句可知：由政府向发展中国家提供援助不是新出现的金融活动，早在二战前就已出现(in the earlier days of foreign investment)，故排除C)。

Passage Four
In many parts of the world cars play an essential role in daily life and many societies would cease to function without them. So, the claim that in 20 years' time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe. But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by governments but also by car manufacturers.
The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the U. K. is part of an international research program. The team there believes that by 2020 all cars will be computerized which will mean gigantic fuel savings, no accidents and better use of roads. The super-intelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself, and it will not be owned by one individual. Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.
According to Dr. David Davies, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together. Davies says, cars will be fitted with intelligent cruise-control devices to regulate the distance between one car and another. Brakes and accelerators will be- come redundant(多余的) because the car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front. Computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars and trains will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.
By 2010, David Davies maintains, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead onto the car's wind- screen. And, by 2020, cars will travel in convoy, linked to each other electronically. Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar to the car in front to form "road-train". "The front vehicle in such a train," says Davies. "But all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount, and so produce about ten percent of the pollution."

1. We know that governments and car manufacturers _________.

A.don't believe the prediction that nobody will own cars by 2020
B.are devoted to the technological innovation in car industry
C.consider the predictions made by the researchers seriously
D.have put the super-intelligent car into mass production

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章首段最后一句可知：这个研究小组所做的预测不仅受到政府的重视，而且也为汽车制造商所关注。由此可见，政府和汽车制造商会认真考虑这个预测，故C)项为正确答案。 [避错指导]文章首段中第二句与第三句之间为转折关系，宣称二十年后不会有人再拥有汽车的话虽然很难令人相信，但是政府和汽车制造商却很重视，故排除A)；文中只是提到他们很重视汽车和交通问题，但并未提到他们致力于汽车工业的技术改造，故排除B)；超智能汽车只是研究小组对未来汽车的预测，尚不能投入生产，故D)也不对。

2. It can be implied that the cars of 2020 _________.

A.will be owned by individuals
B.will improve the condition of traffic
C.will have advanced brake and accelerator
D.can't avoid the happening of accidents

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第二段第二句提到“by 2020 all cars... mean gigantic fuel savings，no accidents and better use of roads．”由此可知，2020年的汽车将会节省大量燃料、避免交通事故的发生以及更好地使用道路，也就是改善交通状况，故B)项为正确答案。[避错指导]根据第二段第三句“it will not be owned by one individual．”可排除A)；根据第三段倒数第二句可知，因为将来的汽车可以自动加减速度，所以刹车和加速器将是多余的，由此可排除C)；D)项内容与第二段第二句内容不符，故也可排除。

3. The leader of the research team believes that the present car culture will change because___________.

A.cars play a significant role in daily life
B.many societies would stop functioning without cars
C.it causes more and more agonies to human society
D.cars should not be owned by an individual

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章在第三段首句指出了汽车文化带给社会的严重危害，如：交通堵塞、空气污染、交通事故等，故C)项为正确答案。[避错指导] A)项的说法正确，但与题意不符，故排除；B)项讲述的也是汽车的重要性，与汽车文化是否变化无关，故排除；D)项说法不正确。

4. The expression "in convoy" (Line 3, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to “_________”

A.in line
B.in defence
C.side by side
D.next to one another

A B C D

[解析] 语义理解题。本句的意思是：到2020年，通过车与车之间建立的电子联系，汽车将实现以 convoy的形式来行驶。然后根据下文中“每辆汽车都将与前面的汽车相连，并组成一种所谓的‘公路火车’”可以推断出，汽车是成一条直线行驶的。[避错指导] B)“保卫，防卫”，C)“并排”，D)“紧挨着”，这三个选项放在此处文意不通，故排除。

5. What will happen if cars are linked to each other electronically in 2020?

A.Motorists will get a clear view of the road.
B.The weather conditions won' t influence on motorists.
C.All trains will burn less fuel than the present.
D.There will be a decrease in the pollution caused by car.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章最后一句提到“... and so produce about ten percent of the pollution．”由此可知，运用电子技术将2020年的汽车连接起来，构成所谓的“公路火车”，只会消耗正常情况下10%的燃料，这样就只会产生大约10%的污染，故应选D)。[避错指导]根据文章最后一段首句可知：到2010年为止，汽车技术将高度发达，无论天气情况多么恶劣，汽车司机凭借被投射在挡风玻璃上的前方路面图像，就可以清楚地掌握路面情况。与汽车是否建立电子联系无关，故排除A)和B)。最后一句中的train指的是“road-train”(公路火车，即建立电子联系的汽车)，而非普通的火车，故排除C)。

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1. Television is another major instrument of communication_________ us to see as well as hear the performer.

A.admitting
B.permitting
C.approving
D.promising

A B C D

[解析] 电视是另一种主要交流工具，它使得我们不仅能听到而且可以看到表演者。
[解析]近义词辨析。admit意为“容许，承认”，admit后跟动名词、代词、从句或复合结构，如：The boy
admitted having breaking the window．(男孩承认打碎了窗户玻璃。) permit意为“准许，允许”，含有“认可、批准”的意思，含义积极、态度肯定，常用结构：permit sb. to do sth，意为“允许某人做某事”，如：Will you permit me to smoke here? (允许我在这儿吸烟吗?)approve 意为“赞成，认可”，表示官方或正式批准，用于上级对下级或长辈对晚辈，常用结构：approve of sb．/sth．意为“同意某人/某事”，如：Our teacher don't approve of wasting time，(我们的老师不赞成浪费时间。)promise 意为“允诺，答应”，如：promise to do sth．(答应/允诺做某事)。

2. You are advised to take traveler's checks, which provide a secure _________to carrying your money in cash.

A.preference
B.selection
C.substitute
D.alternative

A B C D

[解析] 建议旅行时带旅行支票，这比带现金更安全。
[解析]近义词辨析。preference 意为“偏爱，优先选择”，指优先选择自己喜欢的东西，强调个人意愿在选择中的决定性作用，如：He likes most music but he has a preference for classical music．(大多数音乐他都喜欢，但偏爱古典音乐。) selection 意为“选择，挑选”，指经过斟酌，从许多同类事物或人中择其最好的，但不能用于两者之间，如：selections from great poets(名家诗选)；substitute 意为“代替者，替代品”，如：use plastics as a substitute for steel (用塑料作钢的代用品)；alternative 意为“选择，挑选”，多指从两者之间做出选择(二中择一)，强调选择的范围受到限制，如：You have the alternative of fighting or being taken prisoner． (你们可以在战斗或当俘虏之间做出选择。)

3. We should always keep in mind that_________ decisions often lead to bitter regrets.

A.prompt
B.instant
C.hasty
D.urgent

A B C D

[解析] 我们应该牢记：草率做决定常会后悔不已。
[解析]近义词辨析。prompt意为“迅速的，敏捷的”，主要指行动迅速、不拖拉，多含有“快得令人愉悦”的意思，如：a prompt reply (迅速答复)；instant意为“立即的，紧迫的”，指某事很快发生或急需解决，有刻不容缓之意，只能用作定语，如：a patient in instant need of first aid (一个急需抢救的病人)；hasty 意为“匆忙的，草率的，性急的”，有过于仓促、轻率或未经充分考虑等意，也可表示人的性格急躁、缺乏耐心，如： You should not be hasty in drawing a conclusion．(你不该匆忙下决定。)urgent意为“急迫的，紧要的”，如：be urgent with sb．for sth．(硬向某人要某物)。根据句意可知，应选C)。

4. It is reported that_________ over 1,000 factories closed down last year.

A.sufficiently
B.particularly
C.considerably
D.approximately

A B C D

[解析] 据报道，去年大约有1000多家工厂倒闭。
[解析]副词辨义。sufficiently 意为“足够地，充分地”，如：not sufficiently careful (不够仔细)；particularly 意为“特别地，尤其，格外”，如：He isn't particularly clever but industrious．(他并不特别聪明，但很勤奋。)considerably 意为“相当大地，相当多地”，如：We have a considerably smaller house than the previous one． (我们的房子比以前的那个小得多。)approximately意为“近似地，大约”，如：That book costs approximately＄110，(那本书价值约110美元。)此处指数字不确切，为近似值，故应选D)。

5. After their parents' death, the children were well provided_________.

A.with
B.for
C.to
D.against

A B C D

[解析] 父母去世后，孩子们受到很好的抚养。
[解析]固定搭配。provide with 意为“给…提供，以…装备”，如：They provide us with food．(他们供给我们食物。)provide for 意为“给…提供生活费，养活；为…做准备”，如：He has a wife and seven children to provide for．(他需要养活妻子和七个孩子。)provide against 意为“为…做好准备，预防(灾荒，困难)”，如： provide against flood(防洪)；没有provide to 表达法。

6. The missing man was found _________and unconscious in the back of a truck.

A.fixed
B.fastened
C.wrapped
D.bound

A B C D

[解析] 人们发现那个失踪的人被捆在卡车后面，昏迷不醒。
[解析]近义词辨析。fix 意为“固定，安装”，强调使稳固于某一位置、地方或情况中，如：fix a picture on the wall(把图画钉在墙上)；fasten 意为“扎牢，使固定”，指一端或两端都固定，中间仍可活动，如：They fastened the horse to a tree．(他们把马栓到树上。) wrap意为“包，裹，包装”，指用纸、布等把物包起来，如： wrap a book in a piece of paper(用纸将书包起)；bind意为“捆，绑”，指通过“捆、绑”使人或物不能活动，也可用于表示“装订”，如：bind up a wound(包扎伤口)。

7. It's my _________ opinion that the man doesn't know what he's talking about.

A.considered
B.considerate
C.considering.
D.considerable

A B C D

[解析] 反复思考后，我认为这个人不知道自己在说些什么。
[解析)形近词辨析。considered 意为“经慎重考虑的，受尊敬的”，如：All things considered，it is a good plan，and a feasible one．(从全局考虑，这个计划是好的，而且是可行的。)considerate 意为“体贴的，关心的，考虑周到的”，如：a considerate person(体贴别人的人)；considering (介词)意为“鉴于，照…来看，考虑到…”，如：Considering his age，the little boy reads very well．(就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得算挺好的。)considerable 意为“相当大的，重要的”，如：a considerable man in local affairs (地方事务上相当重要的人物)。根据句意可知，应选A)。

8. The_________ of reliable data makes it impossible to reach a prompt decision.

A.dependence
B.consequence
C.presence
D.absence

A B C D

[解析] 由于缺乏可靠数据，不能迅速做出决定，
[解析]名词辨义。dependence意为“依赖，信任”，如：drug dependence (对药物的依赖性)；consequence 意为“结果，后果”，如：consider the consequences (考虑后果)；presence 意为“出席，出现”，如：Your presence is requested．(敬请光临。)absence 意为“缺乏，缺席”，如：absence of information(缺乏资料)。根据题意可知，应选D)。

9. The director _________the letter to his secretary, who wrote it down in shorthand.

A.dictated
B.granted
C.drafted
D.authorized

A B C D

[解析] 总监口授，秘书把信的内容速记下来。
[解析]近义词辨析。dictate意为“命令，指示”，主要指口头命令，更常用于理智、良心或已形成的原理、法则发出的命令或有权威的判断，如：I refuse to be dictated by you．(我不愿意被你呼来唤去的。)grant意为“授予，赐予”，指上级给予下级，地位高的人给予地位低的人，至于所给予的内容可能是物质的，如补助金，也可能是非物质的，如特权、专利、假期等，如：The firm granted him a pension．(公司发给他养老金。) draft意为“起草，设计”，如：draft a speech (拟一份演讲稿)；authorize 意为“准许，批准”，正式用语，多指上级部门对某项行动或某一计划的肯定或批准，如：He authorized the man to act as chairman．(他授权给那个人担任主席。)句中指的是口授，故应选A)。

10. He is all right _________ he is left to do the job in his own way.

A.so far as
B.as long as
C.as far as
D.even if

A B C D

[解析] 只要让他以自己的方式去工作，他进行的总是那么顺利。
[解析]短语辨析。so far as意为“就…而论”，如：So far as I am concerned，the project is over．(就我所知，计划已经完成了。) as (so) long as意为“只要，既然”，是引导条件状语从句的从属连词，如：You may use the room as long as you keep it clean．(只要你能保持房间的整洁，你就可以使用。)as far as 意为“就…而论，远到，直到”，如：They returned at nine，as far as we know．(据我所知，他们是九点返回的。)even if 意为 “即使，尽管”，如：We'll go even if it rains．(即使下雨我们也要去。)

11. What are the _________ that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?

A.marks
B.signs
C.characteristics
D.features

A B C D

[解析] 中国人有别于日本人的特征是什么?
[解析]近义词辨析。mark 意为“标志，记号”，指为某一目的有意做的标记，也指无意留下或自然形成的痕迹，如：Suffering left its mark on his face．(苦难的经历在他脸上留下了痕迹。)feature 意为“特点，特征”，指较为显著的特征，常带褒义，如：Her eyes were her best feature．(她的眼睛是她的容貌最漂亮的部分。)characteristic 意为“特征，特点”，指某物或某人所具有的有别于他物或他人的客观特征，如：She displays many oriental characteristics．(她表现出许多东方人特有的特点。)sign 意为“标记，记号”，指具有一定含义的任何有形或无形的符号或标志，如：There is a stop sign at an intersection．(在交叉路口处有停车标志。)

12. The explorers were _________ to the discomforts and dangers of the expedition.

A.independent
B.indifferent
C.sympathetic
D.enthusiastic

A B C D

[解析] 探险家对于那次探险中的艰苦与危险不以为然。
[解析]形容词辨义。independent意为“独立的，自立的”，常与 of 连用，如：be independent of one's parents (不依赖父母而自立)；indifferent 意为“不感兴趣的；漠不关心的”，常与 to 连用，如：It is quite indifferent to me whether you go or stay．(对你的去留我毫不关心。)sympathetic 意为“同情的”，如：a sympathetic person(富有同情心的人)；enthusiastic意为“热心的，热情的”，如：be enthusiastic for/about sth．(对某事热心)。根据原句句意和用法可知，应选B)。

13. Considering his contributions, Mr. Steven _________ better treatment than this.

A.deserves
B.reserves
C.preserves
D.conserves

A B C D

[解析] 就史密斯先生所做的贡献而言，他应该得到比这更好的待遇。
[解析]形近词辨析。deserve意为“应得，值得，应受(赏罚等)”，如：deserve to be rewarded/punished (该奖/罚)；reserve 意为“储备，保存”，如：reserve one's strength for the next battle(养精蓄锐以备再战)； preserve意为“保护，维持”，如：preserve peace(维持和平)；conserve意为“保存，保藏”，如：conserve one's strength(保存力量)。根据句意可知，应选A)。

14. Before he started work, I asked the builder to give me a (an) _________ of the cost of repairing the roof.

A.evaluation
B.estimate
C.assessment
D.judgement

A B C D

[解析] 在施工人员开工前，我让他估算了维修屋顶的费用。
[解析]近义词辨析。evaluation 意为“估价，评价”，多指对客观的形势进行评估，如评估一个人的表现或能力，评估谈判结果、政治形势等，如：accomplishment evaluation (学业成绩评定)；estimate 意为“估计，估价”，指有根据的估算，如：We got two or three estimates before having the roof repaired．(我们修理屋顶之前先做了两三次估价。)assessment 意为“评估，评价”，多用于对财产进行估价以便纳税，如：staff assessment (工作人员薪资税);judgement 意为“审判，判断力”，如：show excellent judgement (表现出卓越的判断力)。维修屋顶的费用的估算是有根据的，所以应选B)。

15. The true reason why Helen went fishing is as _________ as glass—she didn't want to clean the house.

A.apparent
B.superficial
C.transparent
D.obvious

A B C D

[解析] 海伦去钓鱼的真正原因显而易见，就是不想打扫房间。
[解析]近义词辨析。apparent意为“显而易见的，表面上的”，多用于能看得见的东西，有时有表面上如此，事实并不一定如此的意思，如：Their disappointment is already apparent．(他们失望的情绪已经显而易见。)superficial 意为“表面的，肤浅的”，如：superficial knowledge(肤浅/浅薄的知识)；transparent意为“透明的，(托辞等)显而易见的”，如：transparent lies(明显的谎言)；obvious意为“显然的，明显的”，含有无需说明、一目了然的意思，如：It is obvious that John is very clever．(很明显，约翰非常聪明。)原句中说海伦去钓鱼的真正原因就像玻璃一样透明，引申为“显然的，显而易见的”，因此选C)。

16. We live in _________not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless ones like moths.

A.horror
B.fear
C.alarm
D.dread

A B C D

[解析] 不仅有蜘蛛和黄蜂那样词讨厌的昆虫，还有蛾子那样无害的昆虫，搞得我们很恐惧。
[解析]近义词辨析。horror意为“恐怖，战栗”，指令人恐惧到毛骨悚然的程度，往往含有憎恶之感，作可数名词时，亦可表示引起恐怖的事物，多用复数形式，如：strike horror into sb．(使某人毛骨悚然)；fear意为“恐惧，害怕”，指由于危险、失败或灾祸等临近而引起的恐惧心情，如：He was shaking with fear．(他害怕得直发抖。)alarm意为“惊恐，惊慌”，指由于危险突然出现而产生恐惧，含有惊惶失措的意思，如：After hearing the gunshot we were all in a state of alarm．(听到枪声，我们都非常惊慌。)dread 意为“惧怕，恐惧”，指由于预知将来临的危险而产生的极度恐惧，这种恐惧往往并非一时的，常与of连用，如：They live in dread of the house catching fire．(由于害怕房子着火，他们总是提心吊胆地过日子。)句中指恐惧长期存在，并且后面介词为 of，所以应选D)。

17. I have been advised to take ever _________against catching flu again this winter.

A.prevention
B.precaution
C.preparation
D.prediction

A B C D

[解析] 有人建议我今冬采取措施，预防再患流感。
[解析]名词辨义。prevention 意为“预防，防止”，如：Prevention is better than cure．(治病不如防病。) precaution 意为“预防措施，防范”，take precaution against意为“采取预防措施”，如：take precautions against diseases (预防疾病的措施)；preparation 意为“准备，预备”，如：make preparations against(为对付…做准备)； prediction 意为“预言，预报”，如：weather prediction (天气预报)。

18. The light is too_________ for me to see.

A.slight
B.vague
C.dim
D.indistinct

A B C D

[解析] 光线太暗，我什么也看不见。
[解析]近义词辨析。slight意为“细小的，微不足道的”，如：a slight possibility of success(成功的可能性很小)；vague意为“含糊的，不清楚的”，多指因言辞不清，或十分笼统、不明确等，使人不能理解其意，如：a vague answer(含糊的答复)；dim意为“暗淡的，模糊的”，常指光线不足或视觉不良而导致的光线模糊不清或轮廓难以辨认，如：She was reading by dim lamp light。(她在微弱的灯光下读书。)indistinct意为“模糊的，不清楚的”，指轮廓不清晰或界线不清晰，如：an indistinct pattern(轮廓不明的图案)。

19. An hour ago the wind blew from west to east. but now it is blowing _________.

A.constantly
B.consequently
C.considerably
D.conversely

A B C D

[解析] 一小时前风还是从西向东吹，可现在正好相反。
[解析]副词辨义。constantly意为“不断地，经常地”；consequently意为“从而，因此”；considerably意为“相当大地，相当多地”；conversely意为“相反地”。根据原句句意可知，应选D)。

20. Many once prosperous northern mill towns have _________ as industry has moved to the South.

A.condensed
B.shrunk
C.reduced
D.contracted

A B C D

[解析] 因为工业迁移到了南方，许多一度繁荣的北方磨坊小镇都缩小了规模。
[解析]近义词辨析。condense意为“凝结，浓缩”，多指某物由气体变成液体或固体的物态变化，如： Moisture in the atmosphere condensed into dew during the night．(夜间空气中的湿气凝结成露珠。)shrink 意为“缩水，皱缩，缩短”，指在一定条件下，引起长度、尺寸、体积、规模或范围的减小或收缩，如：Wool shrinks in washing．(羊毛洗时会缩水。)reduce；意为“减少，缩小”，可指尺寸、数量、程度、强度、可能性等的减少，常指人为地减少、降低，如：The fire reduced the forest to a few trees．(大火把森林烧得仪剩下几棵树。)contract意为“收缩”，多指物质的遇冷收缩，也可指语句等的缩短，但不能指词的缩短，如：Metal contracts as it cools． (金属遇冷收缩。)

21. As one might _________ the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.

A.suspect
B.respect
C.expect
D.inspect

A B C D

[解析] 正如人们所预料的那样，销售经理今天宣布了工作注意事项。
[解析]形近词辨析。suspect意为“怀疑，猜疑”，如：suspect sb. of giving false information (怀疑某人提供假情报)；respect意为“尊敬，尊重”，如：show respect to those who are older(尊敬长者)；expect意为“期待，盼望”，如：as might have been expected (果然不出所料)；respect意为“检查，视察”，如：inspect school(视察学校)。根据句意可知，应选C)。

22. What you say now is not _________ with what you said last time.

A.insistent
B.consistent
C.persistent
D.resistant

A B C D

[解析] 你现在所说的与上星期说的不符。
[解析]形容词辨义。insistent意为“坚持的，迫切要求的”，常与 on 连用，如：the insistent demands of the army for more funds (军队需要增加军费的紧急要求)；consistent 意为“一致的，始终如一的”，常与with连用，如：This statement is not consistent with what you said at yesterday's meeting．(这个说法与你昨天会上的发言不相符。)persistent 意为“持续的，坚持不懈的”，如：persistent effort(坚持不懈的努力)；resistant意为“抵抗的，有抵抗力的”，常与 to 连用，如：be resistant to reform (抗拒变革)。根据原句句意及用法可知，应选B)，

23. Even though she hadn't seen it for many years, the woman_________ her sons' handwriting.

A.recognized
B.reminded
C.recommended
D.recounted

A B C D

[解析] 尽管那位妇人已经多年没有见过儿子的笔迹，但她还是认出来了。
[解析]动词辨义。recognize意为“认出，承认”，指能认出某人或某物是曾见过的或听到过的，如：I recognized Peter although I hadn't seen him for 10 years．(虽然我有十年没看到彼得了，但我还是认出了他。) remind意为“提醒，使想起”，如：The film reminded him of what he had seen in China．(这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。)recommend意为“推荐”，如：recommend him for the job(推荐他做那项工作)；recount意为“叙述”，如：recount all the happenings of the day(详细叙述那天发生的一切事情)。

24. His debut at Carnegie Hall was the first of a succession of exciting _________ in his life.

A.happenings
B.episodes
C.circumstances
D.incidents

A B C D

[解析] 他在卡内基音乐厅的初次登场是他人生中第一次令人激动的事情。
[解析]名词辨义。happening 意为“事件，意外发生的事”，指偶然发生或未经筹划的事件，如：There have been strange happenings here lately. (这里近来发生了一些怪事。)episode 意为“一段情节，插曲”，指小说或人生等的片段、插曲，如：an episode in the war(战争中一段插曲)；circumstance 意为“经济状况，物质 (环境)”，如：adverse circumstances (逆境)；incident意为“事件，事变”，常指不太重要的事情，有时还可指冲突或不和，如：Were there any exciting incidents during your journey? (你们在旅行中有没有什么令人激动的事情?)

25. The confusion _________from various names that had been given to the same substance.

A.aroused
B.arose
C.raised
D.rose

A B C D

[解析] 混淆是由于给同一种物质取不同名字而产生的。
[解析]形近词辨析。arouse意为“唤醒，唤起”，如：The national spirit was aroused．(民族精神被唤醒了。)arise意为“发生，产生”，如：Prejudice often arises from ignorance．(偏见产生于无知。)raise 及物动词，意为“提高，举起”，如：raise salaries (提高工资)；rise是不及物动词，意为“上升，提高”，如：Prices are rising．(物价正在上涨。)根据原句句意以及其后的介词from可知，应选B)。

26. Doctors, nurses and all the rest of the _________of the hospital joined in the rescue of the wounded passengers.

A.personage
B.person
C.personal
D.personnel

A B C D

[解析] 医生、护士和医院的其他全体人员都加入了对受伤乘客的抢救。
[解析]形近词辨析。personage意为“重要人物，名士”，如：public personages (社会贤达)；person 意为“人”，指男人或女人，如：a person of importance (重要人物)；personal意为“私人的，亲自的”，强调本人的，非别人所能替代的，如：a personal letter(私人信件)；personnel 意为“工作人员，全体职员”，如：engineering and technical personnel(工程技术人员)。句中指的是医院的其他全体工作人员，故应选D)。

27. Whether right or wrong, he has some new ideas about how the lesson should be_________.

A.deducted
B.concluded
C.conducted
D.deduced

A B C D

[解析] 不管对与错，他对关于如何进行该课程有一些新想法。
[解析]动词辨义。deduct意为“扣除，减去”，如：deduct the tax from the paycheck (从薪金中扣除税款)；conclude意为“结束，断定”，如：The jury concluded that the defendant was innocent．(陪审团断定被告无罪。)conduct意为“管理，进行”，如：My aunt conducts her business very successfully．(我的婶婶把企业经营得很成功。)deduce意为“推论，推断，演绎”，如：deduce a conclusion from these facts(从这些事实推出结论)。根据句意可知，应选C)。

28. Mr. Johnson is not_________ now, but he will be famous some day.

A.prominent
B.dominant
C.significant
D.magnificent

A B C D

[解析] 约翰逊先生现在还没有名气，但总有一天他会出名的。
[解析]形容词辨义。prominent意为“杰出的，著名的”，如：a prominent doctor(著名的医生)；dominant意为“占优势的，支配的”，如：the dominant partner in a business(公司里最有势力的股东)；significant意为“有意义的，意味深长的”，如：a significant speech(意味深长的讲话)；magnificent意为“壮丽的，宏伟的”，如：a magnificent palace (宏伟的宫殿)。

29. The story of a great river is very often the story of great_________.

A.vegetation
B.navigation
C.civilization
D.irrigation

A B C D

[解析] 重要江河的故事往往也是伟大文明的故事。
[解析]名词辨义。vegetation意为“植被，(总称)植物”，如：natural vegetation(自然植被)；navigation
意为“航海，航行”，如：aerial navigation (空中航行)；civilization 意为“文明，文化”，如：the civilization of ancient Rome(古罗马文化)；irrigation 意为“灌溉，冲洗”，如：an irrigation channel(灌溉渠)。

30. We had a marvelous holiday; only the last two days were slightly _________by the weather.

A.damaged
B.hurt
C.destroyed
D.spoiled

A B C D

[解析] 我们度过了一个非常愉快的假期，只是最后两天稍微被恶劣的天气所破坏。
[解析]近义词辨析。damage意为“损害，损坏”，多指伤害人或物，使其失去价值、用途或表面特征，如：The fire damaged the furniture．(大火烧毁了家具。)hurt 意为“伤害，损伤”，多指对人或物所造成的实际上的“损害”或“伤害”，也可以用于感情上的伤害或精神上的创伤，如：He jumped from the top of the wall and hurt his leg．(他从墙上跳下，扭伤了腿。)destroy 意为“破坏，毁坏”，指彻底摧毁，很难再修复，如：The cyclone destroyed dozens of houses in the town．(龙卷风毁坏了该城的数十间房屋。)spoil意为“损坏，溺爱”，指破坏、损害其他事物的完整性、完美性及整体感，如：Our holidays were spoiled by bad weather．(我们假日的乐趣被恶劣天气所破坏。)

Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in fewest possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.
Pablo Ruizy Picasso was born in 1881. But maybe you are wondering why we have called him "the youngest painter in the world". When he died in 1973, he was 92 years old. But he still took up his paints and brushes to start a new picture as if he were seeing things for the first time.
Most painters discover a style of painting that suits them and stick to that, especially if people admire their pictures. As the artist grows older his pictures may alter, but not very much. But Picas- so was like a man who had not yet found his own particular style of painting. He was still struggling to find the perfect expression for his own uneasy spirit.
The first thing one noticed about him was the look of his large, wide open eyes. Gertrude Stein, a famous American writer who knew him in his youth, mentioned this hungry look, and one can still see it in picture of him today. Picasso painted a picture of her in 1906. He painted her face from memory, not as he saw it with his eyes. When people complained to him that the painting of Miss Stein didn't look like her, Picasso would reply, "Too bad. She'll have to arrange to look like the picture." But 30 years later Gertude Stein said that Picasso's painting of her was the only picture she knew that showed her as she really was. Picasso painted what he saw with his mind as well as with his eyes.
Some of Picasso's paintings are rich, soft-colored and beautiful. Others are ugly and cruel and strange with sharp, black outline. But such paintings allow us to imagine things for ourselves. They can make our own view of the world sharper for they force us to say to ourselves, "What does he see that makes him paint like that?" And we begin to look beneath the surface of the things we see.
Picasso painted thousands of pictures in many different styles. He himself remained as curious about the world as he had been when he was young.

1. S1. Picasso is called the "youngest" painter in the world because S1 .

he always saw things as if for the first time

[解析] 推断题。文章第一段第二句指出：也许有人会奇怪，为何毕加索被誉为世界上最年轻的画家?紧接着后两句给出答案：毕加索老年时，仍然拿起颜料和画笔开始崭新的创作，就好像第一次看见这些东西。

2. S2. Unlike Picasso, most artists S2 .

seldom alter their styles of painting

[解析] 推断题。文章第二段对大多数画家的做法与毕加索进行比较，指出：大多数画家发现适合他们的画风就坚持到底，很少变化，而毕加索则没有特定的画风，他一直坚持不懈地追求完美。

3. S3. The expression "uneasy spirit" (in Para. 2) means S3 .

Picasso was restless and never satisfied

[解析] 语义理解题。文章第二段最后一句指出：他一直在努力奋斗找到对他 uneasy spirit 的完美表达。根据上文内容可推知，在此处指他对艺术的追求永不停歇，永不满足的精神。

4. S4. Picasso was S4 years old when he painted the picture of Gertrude Stein.

[解析] 推断题。文章首句指出毕加索出生于1881年，第三段第三句指出他画这副作品的时间是1906年，由此可推算出，他完成这幅作品时只有25岁。

5. S5. Why didn't the painting of Miss Stein look like her? S5 .

Picasso painted her face with his mind，not his eyes．

[解析] 细节题。文章第三段第四句提到“He painted her face from memory，not as he saw it with his eyes．”也就是说：他是用自己的感觉和心去画，而不是仅仅按照看到的去画。

6. S6. Gertrude Stein thought that Picasso's painting of her S6 .

accorded with her inward nature

[解析] 细节题。第三段倒数第二句指出：三十年后斯坦说毕加索的那幅画是她所知道的惟一可以展现她真实内心世界的作品。由此可见，她认为那幅画与她的内心是一致的。

7. S7. Picasso's S7(1) can make S7(2) sharper.

(1) ugly and cnlel paintings (2) our views of the world

[解析] 细节题。文章第四段第二到四句指出：毕加索那些丑恶、悲惨、奇怪的作品使我们反思，使我们对世界的认识更加敏锐。

8. S8. What does the passage mainly talk about? S8 .

Picasso's precious uneasy spirit of seeking perfection．

[解析] 主旨题。纵观全文，文章主要阐述了毕加索对艺术执着追求、坚持不懈、永不自满的宝贵精神。

Part Ⅴ Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Complaint. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:

1. 假设你是王明，昨天你到超市购物，对一位服务员的服务态度不满，写封信找经理抱怨、投拆。
A Letter of Complaint

Model Essay One
A Letter of Complaint
Dear Sir/Madam，
Much to my regret，I write this letter to place a complaint against one of your shop-assistants concerning her bad service in the course of my shopping yesterday．
Yesterday morning I intended to buy my sister a radio as a birthday present．One of your shop-assistants numbered 10 was asked to take several ones for me to choose at the same time．Under such a situation，it was the assistant's duty either to do what she was asked to do or to explain why she was unable to comply with such a request． In- stead of attending to her duty politely， she turned a deaf ear to my request and walked away murmuring in a sarcastic manner．
I hope you could look into this unsatisfactory state of affairs and to take steps to prevent a similar recurrence of such offensive behavior in future．
Sincerely Yours，
Wang Ming
Mode，Essay Two
A Letter of Complaint
Dear Sir/Madam，
My name is Wang Ming． I am an ordinary consumer of your supermarket．I venture to write to you about the service in your shop.
The focus of the complaint is the cashier's attitude．For one thing，one of your cashiers attempted to shortchange me．For another，the same thing has occurred twice in one month．Frankly speaking，for the first time，I haven't taken notice of it． But yesterday I purchased several items totaling ￥38.2 and handed a ￥50 bill to a cashier， and she gave me only ￥10.2 change．Besides，she was not very kind to me when pointed out her mistake．
All in all，there is still much room for improvement． I do hope this is the last time and she will learn a lesson from it Thank you for your time and kind consideration．
Yours respectfully，
Wang Ming