银符考试题库-在线练习-大学四级模拟27

大学四级模拟27

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

语音下载

A.Go to another performance.
B.Go to see a movie.
C.Go to the next performance.
D.Go to that performance late.

A B C D

[解析]
M: The performance starts in eight minutes. We'll never make it. Should we go to the next one?
W: I don't mind missing the beginning. It's a common performance anyway.
Q: What does the woman want to do?
[解析]推理判断题。男士说演出八分钟后就要开始了，他们不可能及时抵达(make it)，问女士是否愿意看下一场。女士说她不介意错过开头，那只是个普通的演出。由此可推知，虽然迟到，但女士还是想进去看这场表演。

A.The man met Mr. Smith an hour ago.
B.The woman has written down Mr. Smith's phone number.
C.The woman forgot to write down the number.
D.The woman needed paper to write down the number.

A B C D

[解析]
W: What a memory I have! I did write down the number on a sheet of paper when I answered the phone this morning. But now the paper has disappeared without any trace.
M: Don't worry. I'll be seeing Mr. Smith in an hour.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
[解析]信息明示题。本题主要考查对细节的辨认。女士说她早上接电话时，确实把号码记在一张纸上，但是现在那张纸消失得无影无踪了。男士让她不要担心，说他将在一小时后会见史密斯先生。四个选项中只有B)项符合对话内容，故为正确答案。

A.On board of the plane.
B.In a theater.
C.In an office.
D.In the subway.

A B C D

[解析]
W: I feel very angry when the plane captain keeps announcing the names of places where we are flying. I can't get any sleep.
M: But for those who have never made up the trip before, such announcements are very helpful.
Q: Where does the conversation probably take place?
[解析]推理判断题。女士感到非常生气，因为在飞机上，机长不停地广播地名，使她不能入睡。男士说对于那些从未坐过此次班机的人来说，这些广播是非常有帮助的。根据对话中的Plane captain、flying、trip等词的提示以及对话内容可知，对话可能发生在飞机上。

A.The woman didn't come to visit the man.
B.The woman doesn't like the orange juice.
C.The man broke the container of juice.
D.The man was in a car crash this morning.

A B C D

[解析]
W: I just made up a pint of orange juice this morning, and now I can't find it anywhere. Do you know what happened to it?
M: Did you hear a crash earlier? That was it. I'm just as clumsy as ever.
Q: What can we conclude from the conversation?
[解析]理解归纳题。女士说她到处都找不到上午做好的橘子汁，问男士是否知道是怎么回事，男士说“你那会儿听到破碎声了吗?我和以前一样笨手笨脚。”由此可知，是男士不小心把盛橘子汁的容器打碎了。

A.He is annoyed by her.
B.He agrees with her.
C.He expresses no opinion.
D.He disagrees with her.

A B C D

W: I have eaten in too many restaurants during the past month and now I feel it will make me weak when I think of eating out again.
M: I'm feeling that way too, but there's no way to get out of this appointment,
Q: What does the man think of the woman's feelings?
[解析]观点态度题。题目问男士对女士的感受有何看法。女士说她上个月在餐馆吃的次数太多，不想再出去吃；男士也感觉如此，但他说实在没有办法拒绝这次约会。本题不是but题，关键在于男士but之前的内容，由此可知，男士赞同女士的感受。

A.Susan accepted the alarm.
B.She told Susan not to study late at night.
C.She had often advised Susan to study.
D.Susan is too tired to study any more.

A B C D

[解析]
M: Why is Susan so tired and upset?
W: She's been studying day and night for her final exam. I warned her many times to prepare earlier, but she wouldn't listen.
Q: What does the woman mean?
[解析]理解归纳题。男士问为什么苏珊那么疲倦和伤心，女士说苏珊整天学习准备期末考试，她提醒过苏珊很多次让她早点准备，但苏珊都不听。由此可知，女士的意思是她经常督促苏珊学习，故应选C)。

A.To make an appointment.
B.To attend a party.
C.To go to work.
D.To look after the children.

A B C D

[解析]
W: David, could you look after the children for me while I go to the doctor? The only appointment I could get is at eleven o'clock.
M: All right. But I have to leave at one o'clock. I'm going to a party in the afternoon.
Q: What is the woman going to do?
[解析]信息明示题。对话中明确指出女士请求男士帮忙照顾孩子，因为她十一点要赴约(the only appointment)去看医生，男士答应帮她照顾到下午一点。由此可知，女士打算去赴约会。

A.They will take the translation work despite attending night class.
B.They took the night class to accept the translation work.
C.They won't accept the translation work because it is useless.
D.They won't accept the translation work due to less time.

A B C D

[解析]
M: I suppose we should accept the translation work, but I don't see how we can afford it in the future.
W: If only we hadn't taken the night class this week.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
[解析]理解归纳题。男士认为他们应该接受翻泽工作，但他不知道如何应付，女士说：“要是我们这周晚上不上课该有多好。”言外之意就是说，他们因为这周晚上有课，所以没有时间做翻译工作。由此推知，他们由于时间有限，不会接受翻译工作。

A.He is curious.
B.He is impatient.
C.He is exhausted.
D.He is satisfied.

A B C D

[解析]
M: This is ridiculous. I've been waiting for my meal for more than half an hour.
W: I know, but you see the restaurant is full and we're shorthanded today.
Q: How does the man feel?
[解析]观点态度题。男士在餐馆等了半个多小时，但还是没等到他的饭菜，于是说“真荒唐(ridiculous )”。由此可见，男士等了太长时间，已经很不耐烦了。

10.

A.He feels uncomfortable.
B.He is in a hospital now.
C.He has had an operation.
D.He has ear trouble.

A B C D

[解析]
W: How are you now? I remember you were about to go to see the doctor when I saw you last time.
M: I'm better than I have been for years, thanks. It's hard to believe the operation was only three weeks ago.
Q：What can we learn about the man?
[解析]推理判断题。女士记得上次见男士时他正要去看医生，问男士现在情况如何。男士说他比几年前好多了，并说很难相信手术三周前刚做完。由此可知，男士刚刚做了手术(operation)，故选C)。

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A.Studying yoga.
B.Playing tennis.
C.The search for physical fitness.
D.The wushu.

语音下载

A B C D

[解析]
Passage One
In America, self-improvement is a national pastime. Every year, more and more Americans spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves one way or another.
one popular form of self-improvement is the search for physical fitness. Thousands of Americans who never exercised are now out on the streets jogging in fashionable running suits and expensive gym shoes. They boast of how many miles they run each day and of how many pounds they lose each week. Others are turning to swimming, tennis, dance, and the martial arts to improve their physical fitness.
Instead of running around the park in the morning or evening, other Americans are studying yoga or meditating quietly in their homes. They are seeking to improve themselves by finding peace and tranquility.
Adult education is another form of self-improvement. After a hard day's work, many Americans take evening courses at a local high school or college. There they can study variety of subjects. Often these people are preparing to return to the job market or trying to qualify themselves for better jobs. A mother busy raising her children might attend a night school to learn secretarial skills. A secretary might return to study accounting. Some retired people go back for the education they missed at ah earlier age.
11.What is the popular form of self-improvement in America?
[解析]事实细节题。短文分别在二、三、四段的句首提到了几种常见的自我提高的方式，包括：the search for physical fitness, studying yoga or meditating quietly in their homes和adult education。根据第二段首句可知，追求体育健康是最为流行的，故应选C)。

A.On the job market.
B.At their former schools.
C.In their homes.
D.At the local high schools or colleges.

A B C D

[解析]
Where do many Americans go for adult education?
[解析]事实细节题。短文最后一段指出“After a hard day's work,...at a local high school or college．There they can study variety of subjects．”(一天的辛苦工作后，许多美国人参加当地中学或大学举办的夜校。在那儿．他们能够学到各种课程。)由此可知，D)项正确。

A.Because they are trying to find better jobs.
B.Because they want to meet new friends there.
C.Because they want to keep themselves busy.
D.Because they want to educate their children.

A B C D

[解析]
Why do many American people take evening courses?
[解析]事实细节题。第四段第二、三、四句指出：在结束一天辛苦的工作后，许多美国人参加夜班学习各种课程。这些人通常准备重返就业市场或提高自己以找到一份更好的工作。由此可知，A)项为正确答案。

Passage Two
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A.Shops that take care of pets.
B.Shops that sell food and clothing for pets.
C.Shops that provide medical treatment for pets.
D.Shops that sell various pets.

语音下载

A B C D

[解析]
Passage Two
There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals have an inferior position to human beings. In some instances, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perhaps better. In the United States and Europe, where pets are very popular, there are special shops that sell jewelry, clothing and delicious food for cats and dogs. There are shops on fashionable streets in New York City, for example, that sell gold and diamond collars, fur jackets, and hats for pets.
　　In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for supermarkets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in Nice, France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty dogs. On the menu, there is a variety of special tasty dishes for the dogs to choose.
　　Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in wealth and luxury. There is a more practical and functional attitude toward pets. People own eats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Certainly, owners generally have some affectionate feelings for their pets. However, they do not see them as equal to family members. Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.
14.What kind of shops are mentioned in the U.S. and Europe?
[解析]事实细节题。短文第一段第三句指出：“In the United States and Europe，... special shops that sell jewelry，clothing and delicious food for cats and dogs.”(在宠物流行的美国和欧洲，有许多商店卖宠物用的珠宝、衣服和美食。)由此可知，应选B)。

A.To have a good company.
B.To make them live a nice life.
C.To keep away unwanted animals.
D.To keep away loneliness.

A B C D

[解析]
Why do the majority of people own pets?
[解析]事实细节题。短文最后—段第三句指出“People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals．”(人们之所以养猫和狗是因为它们可以驱赶老鼠和其他讨厌的动物。)由此可知，C)项为正确答案。

A.People treat their pets as family members.
B.Most pets live a very comfortable life.
C.Pets all over the world live in the similar way.
D.Pet owners have some tender feelings for their pets.

A B C D

[解析]
What do we learn from the passage?
[解析]推理判断题。根据短文内容可知，人们对待宠物有的像家人一样疼爱，让它们过非常舒适的生活，而有的人却是为了某种实用目的才养宠物。但短文最后一段倒数第三句指出“Certainly，owners generally have some affectionate feelings for their pets．”(当然，一般人们对他们的宠物都有深厚的感情。)由此可知，应选D)。

Passage Three
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

A.At five.
B.At six.
C.At eight.
D.At twelve.

语音下载

A B C D

[解析]
Passage Three
　　Ludwig Beethoven was born in Bonn, in the Rhineland. His father was a professional musician in the Court of The Elector of Cologne; he was often drunk, and he was a hard task-master to his son. Ludwig began learning violin and piano when he was only 5, and by the time he was 8 years old he began giving public concerts. He received very little education apart from music, but he was fortunate in having a good music teacher, the court organist, who recognized his abilities and taught him well. When be was 14, Ludwig was appointed second court organist, a post which gave him some opportunity lo travel. He visited Vienna, where Mozart heard him play and said, "Watch that young fellow; he is going to cause a stir in the world." When he was 16 his mother died, and three years later his father was dismissed from his post at Court. Ludwig, with characteristic loyalty and devotion to his family, accepted responsibility both for his father and his two younger brothers.
　　Throughout his life Beethoven produced numerous musical works. First and foremost, Beethoven was a composer of extended music, that is, long works in several movements. His masterpieces remain the greatest and most personal compositions of one of the world's greatest musical thinkers. No composer has put more of himself into his music; everything he left, from anger to tenderness, from misery to hope is found there.
17.When did Beethoven begin giving public concerts?
[解析]事实细节题。文章首段第三句提到“Ludwig began learning...he was 8 years old he began giving public concert．”(他年仅五岁时开始学小提琴和钢琴，八岁时开始参加公共音乐会。)由此可知，C)项为正确答案。

A.He was given a chance to Vienna.
B.He met Mozart for the first time.
C.He supported his family by his performance.
D.He became a second court organist.

A B C D

[解析]
What happened to Beethoven when he was fourteen years old?
[解析]事实细节题。短文首段第五：句指出“When he was 14，Ludwig was appointed second court organist,...”(十四岁时贝多芬被任命为第二宫廷风琴演奏者)，故应选D)。

A.Having an outstanding father.
B.Having a tendering mother.
C.Having the court organist as his music teacher.
D.Having Mozart as his good friend.

A B C D

[解析]
What was Beethoven fortunate in?
[解析]事实细节题。文章首段第四句指出“... but he was fortunate in having a good music teacher，the court organist,...”(虽然除了音乐之外贝多芬没有受过什么教育，但他很幸运拥有一个非常优秀的音乐老师——当时的宫廷风琴手，这位老师看出了他的天赋并认真教导他。)由此可知，本题应选C)。

A.Long works in several movements.
B.Long works based on short pieces.
C.Excellent works praised by people.
D.Classical works lasting forever.

A B C D

[解析]
According to the passage，what does“extended music”refer to?
[解析]事实细节题。最后一段第二句提到extended music，然后紧接着就做了解释“that is, long works in several movement”。由此可知，本题应选A)。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
　　Ironically, in the United States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination(歧视) continue to be serious problems. There was often tension between each established group of immigrants and each succeeding group. As each group became more financially successful, and more powerful, they excluded newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are part of American history; however, this prejudicial treatment of different groups is nowhere more unfair than with black Americans.
　　Blacks had distinct disadvantages. For the most part, they came to the "land of opportunity" as slaves and they were not free to keep their heritage and cultural traditions. Unlike most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes the slave owners separated members of the same family. They could not mix easily with the established society either because of their skin color. It was much difficult for them to adapt to the American culture. Even after they became free people, they still experienced discrimination in employment, housing and education and even in public facilities.
　　Until the twentieth century, the majority of the black population lived in the southern part of the United States. Then there was a population shift to the large cities in the North. Prejudice against blacks is usually associated with the South. Slavery was more common there and discrimination was often easier to see.
　　In the 1950s and 1960s, blacks fought to gain fair treatment, and they now have legal protection in housing, education, and employment. Because their neighborhoods are segregated(隔离), many blacks feel that educational opportunities are not adequate for their children. Busing children from one neighborhood to another is one solution to inequality in education. Naturally, all parents want the best possible education for their children. The situation of blacks is better today than it was in the 1950s, but racial tension continues. Time will be the genuine solution to the problem of race.

1. Established and succeeding immigrants __________.

A.were treated unequally by American Indians
B.were willing to support newcomers financially
C.were great helpers of slaves and Indians
D.were reluctant to help newcomers to adapt to the new surroundings

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章首段第三句提到“As each group became...from full participation in the society．”(每个移民团体变得更有钱更强大时，它们就会排斥新移民，不让后来者全面融入该社会。)由此可推断出，定居下来或有成就的移民不愿帮助新来的移民适应新环境。避错指导A)项“受到美国印第安人的不平等对待”在文中并：未提及；定居下来或有成就的移民不愿意让新移民融入社会，自然不会在经济方面给予他们帮助，故排除B)；C)项“帮助奴隶和印度人”在文中没有涉及。

2. When a group of immigrants became strong in its economy, they were likely to __________.

A.show prejudice and discrimination against newcomers
B.fight among themselves to establish a more dominating role
C.prevent new settlers from being greatly involved in social activities
D.fight against natives to gain more profits

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第一段第三句“As each group became more financially successful，... from full participation in the society．”可知，当移民团体的经济更加富足时，他们可能会阻止新移民参与社会活动，故应选C)。避错指导A)项的说法正确，但不全面，故排除；B)项“内部进行斗争占据统治地位’’和D)项“与当地人斗争以获得更多的利益”均未在文中提及。

3. Black Americans could not easily mix in American society because __________.

A.they speak different language
B.they can't keep their traditions
C.most Americans are immigrants
D.their skin color is black

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第二段第四句提到“They could not mix easily with the established society either because of their skin color．”(美国黑人由于他们的肤色而不能融入到现存的社会。)由此可知，D)项与文章内容相符，为正确答案。

4. By "busing children from one neighborhood to another is one solution to inequality in education", the author means __________.

A.black children are slow in learning in their own neighborhood
B.black children can't enjoy adequate education
C.black children are severely discriminated in their own neighborhood
D.black children are required to receive an education of a different culture

A B C D

[解析] 语义理解题。题干的意思是“用校车将一个社区的孩子送往另一个社区去上学是解决教育不平等问题的一种方法”，这句话的上文讲到“Because their neighborhoods are segregated,...for their children．”(黑人社区是隔离开的，所以许多黑人感到对孩子们来说教育机会是不够的。)由此可见，作者提出教育不平等问题的解决方法，也就表明黑人孩子享受不到好的教育。避错指导A)项“黑人孩子在他们自己的社区学习较慢”在文中未提及，从常识也可排除；第四段第二句指出：黑人社区是隔离开的，所以他们在自己的社区不会受到歧视，故排除C)；第四段指出黑人孩子需要的是良好的教育，而不是不同文化的教育，故排除D)。

5. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.

A.the problem of prejudice and discrimination in the U.S. will be solved soon
B.blacks are free people now, so they can enjoy equal rights as whites
C.prejudice and discrimination are more severe in the South than in the North
D.now there are more blacks living in the North than in the South

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章第三段指出：直到二十世纪，大部分黑人还住在美国南部。后来出现了一次由南部向北部大城市转移的人口大迁移。对黑人的偏见总是与南方有关，那儿的奴隶制和歧视也更为常见和普遍。由此可推断出，南方比北方的偏见和歧视更为严重。避错指导从文章最后两句可知，虽然今天黑人的情况比二十世纪五十年代来说有所改善，但种族冲突仍在继续，时间将是解决种族问题最好的办法，由此可推知，美国的歧视和偏见不会在短期内得到解决，还需要很长的时间，故排除A)；文章第二段最后一句指出：虽然黑人已经获得自由，但他们在就业、住房和教育等方面依然受到歧视，所以他们并未获得与白人平等的权利，故排除B)；文中第三段虽提到黑人向北迁移，但并未表明由此导致北方黑人多于南方，故排除D)。

Passage Two
As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complicated. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.
If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.
In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, generally in "points", which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Be- cause of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.
In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.
It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any distinctions in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.

1. If a company wants its new pay structure to be successful, it is necessary to __________.

A.give the workers extra pay to encourage them
B.share the same opinion between the Trade Union and the employers
C.consult some problems associated with pay
D.adopt a special way to evaluate the performance of its employees

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第二段第二句提到“In order to be successful，that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers．”(为了成功地执行新的薪酬制度，工会和雇主之间必须达成一致。)由此可知，B)项与本文内容相符。避错指导文中最后一句提到“for indirect workers，where measurement is difficult，methods of additional payments are employed．”(对于其工作难于测量的间接工作人员，就得采用额外报酬的方法。)A)项与此内容相关，但与题干不符；文章第一段末提到：人事部门负责和员工协商与报酬有关的问题，但这与新的薪酬制度是否成功无关．故排除C)；D)项“采用特殊方法来评估雇员的表现”在文中虽然提到，但与题意不符。

2. The methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because __________.

A.they don't have a higher pay
B.the firm hasn't enough fund
C.the measurement of their work is very difficult
D.their work is less important than that of other workers

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章最后一句指出“Where it is simple...additional payments are employed．”(对于易于测量的工作，如手工工作，经常选用现金奖励制度；而对于其工作难于测量的间接工作人员，就需要采用额外报酬的方法。)由此可知，C)项为正确答案。

3. What should a firm consider in designing a new pay system?

A.The value of each job alone.
B.The method of calculating the pay.
C.The requirements of each job.
D.The labor supply and the cost of living.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细题。文章第四段指出：在尝试设计薪酬制度时，人事部门应将每项工作的价值与其在工作市场上的价值进行比较，应该考虑到生活水平和劳动力供给(the cost of living and the labor supply)等经济因素。由此可知，D)项为正确答案。避错指导文中虽提到每项工作的价值，但在涉及薪酬制度时，并不仅仅是考虑这一个因素，故排除A)；B)项“计算报酬的方法”和C)项“每项工作的要求”均未在文中提到。

4. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.

A.only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of salaries
B.different job performances should be given different payments
C.an evaluation system based on points is usually used to measure management work
D.evaluating management work makes no difference from other work

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第五段第一句指出“It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any distinctions in the way that job is performed．”(报酬应随工作表现的不同而有所改变。)由此可知，不同的工作表现应得到不同的报酬。避错指导文章首段第二句指出：会计部门计算报酬，而人事部门则与雇员商议薪酬。由此可知，并不只是会计部门参与工资的管理，故排除A)；文章第三段最后两句指出：公司的高层人员有特殊的评估方法，因为管理工作很难衡量，所以经理的工作成绩无需参照基于分值的评估系统，由此可排除C)、D)两项。

5. The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

A.explain how the performance of a job can be measured in points
B.describe the responsibilities of various departments
C.tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay system
D.tell readers how difficult the management work is

A B C D

[解析] 主旨大意题。文章首段指出工资管理的复杂性，二、三两段介绍了评估雇员工作表现的方法和依据，第四段讲工资制度所涉及的因素，第五段指出根据工种不同。工资报酬也各不相同。可见，作者的目的是告诉读者公司如何才能成功采用一项新的薪酬制度。避错指导A)项“解释工作的表现如何用分值来衡量”、B)项“描述不同部门的职责”和D)项“告诉读者管理工作有多难”都只涉及到文中内容的一个方面，而不是本文的主要目的。

Passage Three
　　Scientists believe that life on earth began before its atmosphere was transformed from hydrogen
and hydrogen compounds to oxygen and nitrogen. They have demonstrated the possibility of this theory by laboratory experiments. In these experiments, a mixture of gases similar to the earth's former atmosphere is prepared. Then energy is applied to this mixture—energy in the form of electric spark, heat, ultar-violet light, or charged particles. All of these forms of energy existed at the beginning of the world.
　　By this action, simple organic molecules are formed. This does not mean the molecules are a- live. They are, however, made up of matter that living things are also composed of. In particular, they contain amino acids (氨基酸), known as the building blocks of life. It is these building blocks, in the form of nucleic acids(核酸), that are passed from generation to generation. Nucleic acids contain the hereditary information on the future development of the species.
　　Scientists, in fact, can reproduce many of the individual steps through which life was created. But they cannot create actual life, for they lack two things in the laboratory that nature has in abundance: (1) countless biochemical reactions and (2) time—the millions and millions of years that nature had when swirling gases covered the hardening earth. At some point, energy and biochemical materials combined under the right conditions—and life began. Nucleic acid molecules were formed and others followed.
　　Since this happened on earth during its earliest days, it is more than likely that it also happened on other planets. Of course, other things must be considered aside from atmosphere—heat, for example. Mercury(水星), close to the sun, is too hot. Jupiter, Saturn, Pluto, and Neptune, far from the sun, may be too cold. Or, they may not be. Also, it is possible that life of some totally different kind may have evolved—a carbonic biology unlike the kind on earth, or probably a biological system not based on carbon at all.

1. Scientists believe that when life on earth began, the earth atmosphere consisted of ___________.

A.oxygen and nitrogen
B.hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
C.hydrogen and its compounds
D.hydrogen, oxygen and their compounds

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。本文首句指出“Scientists believe that life on earth...from hydrogen and hydrogen compounds to oxygen and nitrogen．”意思是：科学家们相信地球生命开始于地球的大气由氢和氮的化合物转变为氧和氮之前。避错指导由首句句意可知，地球的生命开始时，大气尚未转变为氧和氮，故排除A)； B)项“氢、氧和氮”和D)项“氢、氧和它们的化合物”均与文章首句内容不符。

2. What are formed in the experiments in the first paragraph?

A.Simple compounds of living things.
B.Simple matter named as amino acids.
C.Simple living organic molecules.
D.Simple dead organic molecules.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第一段的实验结果出现在第二段的前两句中，这两句指出：依赖这一化学反应，合成了简单的有机分子．但这并不意味着这些分子是有生命的。因此，这一实验的结果是合成了简单的、无生命的有机分子。

3. Scientists cannot create actual life in laboratory because ___________.

A.they can't complete endless biochemical reactions
B.they can't have the same conditions that nature has
C.they lack of millions and millions years of time
D.they lack of enough nucleic acid molecules

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段第二句指出“But they cannot create actual life，for they lack two things...and(2)time...”，意思是：他们不能创造出生命，因为他们在实验室里缺少自然界极其丰富的两样东西：(1)数不尽的生物化学反应，(2)无穷尽的时间。由此可知，B)项与文章内容相符。避错指导A)项“他们不能完成无数的生物化学反应”和C)项“他们没有数亿年的时间”分别代表了其中的一个原因，不全面，故排除；他们缺少足够的核酸分子并不是在实验室不能形成生命的原因，故排除D)。

4. According to the scientists, life came from ___________.

A.combination of energy and biochemical materials
B.combination of nucleic acid and amino molecules
C.nucleic acid molecules
D.amino acid molecules

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段倒数第二句指出“energy and biochemical materials combined under the fight conditions—and life began．”(能量和生物化学材料在适当的条件下结合，就产生了生命。)由此可知，A)项为正确答案，避错指导B)项“核酸分子与氨基分子的结合”和D)项“氨基酸分子”均不是生命的起源，故排除；根据第三段最后一句可知，核酸分子是在生命形成过程中产生的．故排除C)。

5. It can be inferred from the passage that on other planets

A.there is no oxygen for creating life
B.there is no suitable temperature for creating life
C.living things of different kinds may exist
D.living things similar to that on earth may exist

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。第四段首句指出，既然生命可以在早期的地球上产生，同样也可能在其他星球上产生。文章最后一句指出了科学家们的观点，他们认为其他星球上可能有与地球上完全不同种类的生命存在。由这些内容可推断，C)项为正确答案。避错指导根据文章首句可知，产生生命不需要氧气，也没有对温度提出具体的要求，故排除A)，B)两项；根据文章末句内容可知，其他星球可能有与地球上完全不同种类的生命存在，而不是相似的生命，故排除D)。

Passage Four
　　A good way to keep cool in the summer, at least in theory, might be to have a certain amount of winter stored up and ready to use whenever it was needed. Strictly speaking, of course, this is impossible, but scientists are at present exploring the possibilities of an air-conditioning system that, to some extent, uses the extremes of winter to moderate the extremes of summer.
　　The idea involves burying a large insulated(绝缘的) tank a few feet underground and using a system of heat exchanger pipes to connect it to the air above. When the air temperature drops below freezing, it would cool the water in the tank to freezing point. When enough ice fluid flowing inside the pipes had formed on the portions of the pipes inside the tank, the ice would break off and float to the top of the tank, and another piece of ice could begin forming. A properly sized tank would nearly fill with ice during the winter.
　　In the summer, ice and cold water in the tank could be pumped into the home for air conditioning. The system's big advantage is the minimal amount of energy it requires, namely, the energy needed to circulate the cold water during the summer. In the winter, the system just sits there and makes ice.
　　Perhaps the biggest stumbling block to such a system, outside of the cost of buying and burying the tank, is finding the right design and the right cooling fluid for the heat exchanger pipes. The pipes must be designed so that when filled with a working fluid they let heat flow from the tank to cold environment in the winter, but not from the environment to the tank in the summer. The most likely cooling fluid seems to be ammonia(氨).
　　The system is in the projecting stages at present. Before it can be developed commercially, scientists must find an efficient and economical design for the tanks and pipes.

1. The new idea the passage presents us is about ___________.

A.designing a new type of heat exchanger
B.storing winter cold for use in summer
C.establishing an underground air-conditional system
D.creating an efficient and economical air-conditioning system

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章首句指出“A good way to keep cool in the summer,...whenever it was needed．”(夏天保持凉爽的好方法(至少在理论上成立)，可能是储存一定量的冬天以备夏天的不时之需。)由此可知，文章展现给我们的新想法是储存冬天的寒冷供夏天使用，避错指导在空调系统中需要热交换管道系统，但这与本题题意不符，故排除A)；C)项“建立地下空调系统”和D)项“创建一种有效而经济的空调系统”均属于为实现那个新想法而提出的可能方案，故排除。

2. What is the advantage of the new air-conditioning system?

A.The cost of the air-conditioning device is very low.
B.The working principle of the system is simple.
C.Minimal amount of energy is needed.
D.Only natural resources can be made use of.

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段第二句指出“The system’s big advantage is...circulate the cold water during the summer．”(这一系统最大的优点就是，它所要求的能量很少，只需足够的能量使冷却的液体在整个夏季得以循环。)由此可知，C)项为正确答案。

3. One of the technological problems that will have to be solved in developing the new system is ___________.

A.how to make enough ice underground
B.how to install the whole device underground
C.how to design the proper heat exchanger pipes for the system
D.how to make the tank so as to keep the temperature

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章第四段首句指出“Perhaps the biggest stumbling block to such a system．... the right cooling fluid for the heat exchanger pipes．”(除了购买和埋置水箱的费用外，这一系统最大的障碍可能在于找到合适的设计方法和用于管道内热量交换的液体。)另外，文章最后一句也指出：在这一系统能够在商业上开发出来之前，科学家们必须找到一种有效而且经济容器箱和热量交换管道的设计方案。由此可以推断出：为改进这一系统，科学家们不得不解决的一个技术问题就是正确地设计系统的热交换管道。避错指导A)项“如何在地下制造足够的冰”、B)项“如何在地下安装这个装置”和D)项“如何使容器箱保温”均在第二段中提到，但不是发展新系统所要解决的技术问题。

4. If the idea comes true, people ___________.

A.will enjoy the most efficient and economical air-conditioning device
B.can store up a large amount of winter cold and use it anytime
C.can make full use of winter cold to preserve food in summer
D.may use a bit of winter's chill to help them survive a hot summer

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。文章首句就指出了夏天保持凉爽的新想法，如果这个想法实现的话，人们就可以利用冬天的严寒来度过夏天的酷暑，故D)项为正确答案。避错指导根据第三段内容的可知，这个空调系统的最大的优点是所需的能源很少，而并没有指出是最高效和经济的装置，故排除A)；文章首句提到“A good way to keep cool in the summer...have a certain amount of winter stored up”，由此可知，人们可以储存—定量的寒冷，用于抵抗夏天的酷热，而不是储存冬天大量的严寒随时使用，敌排队B)；根据首段内容可知，文中只提到储存一定量的寒冷在夏天保持凉爽，而没有提到用来保存食品，故排除C)。

5. It can be inferred from this passage that the new system ___________.

A.has been put into practical use
B.is still on the planning table
C.is still in the experimental stage
D.needs to be improved

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章最后一段首句指出“The system is in the projecting stages at present．”(目前这一系统仍处于筹划阶段。)由此可知，B)项为正确答案。避错指导根据最后一段“Before it can be developed commercially”可知，这一系统目前尚未投入实际应用，故排除A)；C)项“仍处在实验阶段”和D)项“需要被改进”均与最后一段内容不符，故排除。

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1. After the cameraman had taken two photographs of the ants, he found they had ___________ all over his feet.

A.flocked
B.swarmed
C.gathered
D.crowded

A B C D

[解析] 摄影师拍了两张蚂蚁的照片后，发现它们成群地在他脚边打转。
[解析]近义词辨析。四个选项均含有“聚集”的意思。flock意为“聚集成群”，常指同类的鸟类聚集在一块儿或在一起飞，如：Birds of a weather flock together．(物以类聚，人以群分。)swarm意为“挤满，云集”，指为数极多/无秩序地云集一处，并有不停地移动的含义，如：The garden was swarmed with bees．(蜜蜂在花园里成群地飞来飞去。)gather意为“收集，聚集”，表示把人聚集在一起，也可以指把分散的物件或抽象的东西聚集起来，如：The teacher gathered the pupils round her．(老师使学生们聚集在她周围。)crowd意为“密集，拥挤”，指相互碰擦、无秩序地密集或拥挤，如：Swimmers crowded the beaches．(游泳者挤满了海滩。)

2. I caught a ___________ of the car before it disappeared around the bend.

A.glance
B.gleam
C.glare
D.glimpse

A B C D

[解析] 我瞥了一眼那辆车，然后它就疯狂地跑掉了。
[解析]近义词辨析。glance意为“一瞥，眼光”，常指粗略地看，常用搭配是take/give a glance at(瞥一眼，浏览)；gleam意为“一丝光线，闪光”，如：a gleam of hope(一线希望)；glare意为“怒目注视，瞪眼”，如：look at sb．with an angry glare(对某人怒目而视)；glimpse意为“瞥见，一瞥”，指看到的人和物只是瞬间一望，强调看的时间短，看到的对象不够清楚，往往指无意中的一望，常用于catch/get a glimpse of。根据句意及搭配可知，应选D)。

3. She was an ___________ writer because she persuaded many people to see the truth of her ideas.

A.influential
B.ordinary
C.enthusiastic
D.outstanding

A B C D

[解析] 她是一个有影响力的作家，因为她说服了许多人相信她观点的真实性。
[解析]形容词辨义。influential意为“有影响的，有势力的”，如：an influential newspaper(有影响力的报纸)；ordinary意为“普通的，平凡的”，如：an ordinary day(普通的一天)；enthusiastic意为“热心的，满腔热情的”，如：become enthusiastic over a research project(热衷于某个研究项目)；outstanding意为“杰出的，著名的”，如：an outstanding writer(杰出作家)。根据题意可知，应选A)。

4. ___________, it is no longer the policy of the government to maintain full employment.

A.Frequently
B.Apparently
C.Primarily
D.Previously

A B C D

[解析] 显然，政府的政策不能再维持充分的就业。
[解析]副词辨义。frequently意为“常常，频繁地”；apparently意为“明显地，表面上地”；primarily意为“主要地，根本上”；previously意为“先前，预先”。根据句意可知，应选B)。

5. Her fluency in English gives her an advantage ___________ other girls for the job.

A.against
B.above
C.over
D.with

A B C D

[解析] 她一口流利的英语使她比其他应聘者更具优势。
[解析]固定搭配。have/gain/give an advantage over为固定搭配，意为“比…有优势，优于”。

6. Steven's ability to learn from observations and experience ___________ greatly to his success in public life.

A.related
B.attached
C.attributed
D.contributed

A B C D

[解析] 史蒂文善于从观察和经验中学习，这对他社会生活的成功帮助极大。
[解析]动词辨义。relate to意为“与…有联系，”如：all the papers that relate to this subject(有关这个问题的所有论文)；attach to意为“加于…之上，附属，热爱”，如：No blame attaches to him for the accident． (对这一事故他没有受到责备。)attribute to意为“归因于”，如：delays attributed to snow(因下雪而耽搁)； contribute to意为“贡献，有助于”，如：Exercise contributes to better health．(锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。)

7. According to the urban construction program old buildings that are ___________ should be pulled down.

A.under repair
B.out of repair
C.in repair
D.beyond repair

A B C D

[解析] 根据城市建设规划，无法修补的老建筑应被拆除。
[解析]短语辨析。under repair意为“在修理中”，如：The bridge is under repair．(桥梁正在修理中。) out of repair意为“长年缺乏维修，失修”，如：The highway is out of repair．(公路常年失修。)in(good)repair意为“维修良好”，如：keep a car in good repair(对汽车妥善保养)；beyond repair意为“无法修理，无法弥补”，如：His health is beyond repair．(他无法恢复健康。)

8. Volumes have been written on the purpose of education in the United States and the subject continues to be one of active ___________ and discussion.

A.conclusion
B.concern
C.competition
D.coordination

A B C D

[解析] 关于美国教育目的出版了数本书，但这一主题仍是人们积极关心和讨论的话题之一。
[解析]名词辨义。conclusion意为“结果，结论，推断”，如：draw/reach a conclusion(得出结论)； concern意为“关注，担心”，如：a current subject for concern(当前大家关心的问题)；competition意为“竞争，竞赛”，如：competition in arms(军备竞赛)；coordination意为“协调，配合”，如：the close coordination between two persons(两个人之间的紧密配合)。句中指受人关注的话题，故应选B)。

9. Susan is sick, but she will be able to go to the Christmas party because her illness is ___________.

A.excessive
B.successive
C.temporary
D.contemporary

A B C D

[解析] 苏珊病了，但她将会参加圣诞聚会，因为她的病只是暂时的。
[解析]形容词辨义。excessive意为“过多的，过分的”，如:an excessive enthusiasm for sport(对运动的狂热)；successive意为“继承的，连续的”，如：the government successive to the fallen monarchy(接连垮台的君主制政府)；temporary意为“暂时的，临时的”，如：temporary workers(临时工)；contemporary意为“当代的，同时代的”，如：contemporary literature(当代文学)。根据题意可知，应选C)。

10. However, at times this balance in nature is ___________ resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.

A.disturbed
B.distributed
C.displayed
D.discovered

A B C D

[解析] 然而，有时打乱大自然的平衡，会导致许多可能无法预料的后果。
[解析]动词辨义。disturb意为“打乱，扰乱”，如：disturb a smoothly running system(打乱顺利运转的体制)；distribute意为“分发，分配”，如：distribute the prizes among the winners(把奖品分发给获胜者)；( display意为“表现，展览”，如：He is a man who does not display his emotions．(他是一个感情不外露的人。) discover意为“发现，发觉”，如：discover new oil fields(发现新油田)。根据句意可知，A)项正确。

11. During the past two years, the ___________ of automobile accidents in London City has decreased.

A.proportion
B.quantity
C.amount
D.number

A B C D

[解析] 在过去的两年中，伦敦市的汽车事故有所减少。
[解析]近义词辨析。proportion意为“比例，比率”，如：This door is narrow in proportion to its height． (这扇门就其高度的比例而言窄了些。)quantity意为“数量，若干”，如：a small quantity of milk(少量的牛奶)；amount意为“数额，数量”，一般指时间、金钱的数量，如：The amount of money you pay each month depends on how much you earn．(你每月付的钱数取决于你的收入。)number意为“数目，数量”，指能够数得过来的数量，比如人、汽车、房子的数量，如：the number of girls in this class(这个班的女孩人数)。汽车事故的数量是可以数的，故此处应选D)。

12. Color-blind people often find it difficult to ___________ between red and green.

A.identify
B.distinguish
C.separate
D.compare

A B C D

[解析] 色盲通常难以区分红色和绿色。
[解析]近义词辨析。identify意为“识别，辨认”，如：The markings are so blurred that it is difficult to identify．(标记模糊不清，难以识别。)distinguish意为“辨别，区分”，如：Can you distinguish the different musical instruments playing now?(你能区分出正在演奏的各种不同的乐器吗?)separate意为“分开，分离”，如： separate sth．into several portions(把某物分成几份)；compare意为“比较，比作”，如：compare one thing with another(将一物与另一物比较)。

13. The women are noticeable by their uniforms of ___________ dark blue cotton dress.

A.coarse
B.rough
C.rude
D.harsh

A B C D

[解析] 妇女们穿着粗糙的深蓝色棉衣制服，很容易认出来。
[解析]近义词辨析。四个选项均含有“粗糙”的意思。coarse意为“粗糙的，粗织的”，指某物品质料粗糙、粗劣，有时也指加工不够精细、粗制滥造，如：coarse cloth(粗布)，coarse sand(粗沙)；rough意为“不光滑的，粗糙的”，指外表不光滑或成品很粗糙，如：a rough surface(粗糙的表面)；rude意为“无礼的，粗陋的”，常指人品很坏、没有教养，也指物品加工：粗糙、简陋，如：a rude bench(做工粗糙的板凳)，a rude hut(简陋的小屋)；harsh意为“粗糙的，刺耳的”，指引起感官的不适，如声音刺耳，光、色彩刺眼，味道涩口等，如： harsh to the taste(味涩)。句中所指为女工们穿的衣服质量和质地粗糙，故应选A)。

14. It was a terrible traffic accident. Five passengers were killed, and eleven were ___________ injured.

A.hardly
B.heavily
C.severely
D.strongly

A B C D

[解析] 这次交通事故情况很严重。五名乘客死亡，十一人受重伤。
[解析]副词辨义。hardly意为“艰难地，几乎不”，如：There is hardly any fuel left．(燃料差不多用光了。)heavily意为“沉重地，费劲地”，如：walking heavily through the snow(在雪中缓慢而吃力地行走)，drink/ smoke heavily(大量喝酒/抽烟)；severely意为“严重地，猛烈地”，如：如:severely ill/wounded(患重病/负重伤)；strongly意为“强壮地，强烈地”，如：I strongly incline to the view of our going into cooperation with them． (我很赞同与他们合作。)根据句意可知，应选C)。

15. Many people were deprived ___________ food and clothing in order to supply the growing armies.

A.for
B.of
C.by
D.from

A B C D

[解析] 由于日益增长的军队供给，许多人衣食不足。
[解析]固定搭配。deprive sb．of sth．为固定搭配，意为“剥夺，使失去”，又如：Sickness deprived me of the pleasure of meeting you．(疾病使得我未能和你见面欢聚。)

16. Thanks giving feasts are ___________ with big dinners and joyous reunions on the fourth Thursday in November.

A.rewarded
B.awarded
C.celebrated
D.congratulated

A B C D

[解析] 在十一月的第四个星期人们以大型会餐和欢乐团聚来庆祝感恩节。
[解析]动词辨义。reward意为“酬谢，奖赏”，如：His efforts were rewarded by success．(他的努力获得了成功。)award意为“颁奖，授予”，如：award prizes to the winners(给优胜者授予奖品)；celebrate意为“庆祝，纪念(节日)”，如：We celebrated the New Year with a dance party．(我们举行舞会来庆祝新年。)congratulate意为“祝贺，庆贺”，如：We congratulated him on having passed the examination．(我们祝贺他通过了考核。)此处指庆祝节日，故应选C)。

17. I have few ___________ with him, though we work in the same departments.

A.contrasts
B.contests
C.contracts
D.contacts

A B C D

[解析] 虽然我们在同一个部门工作，但我和他只有过几次接触。
[解析]形近易混词辨析。contrast意为“对照，对比”，如：Black and white show a striking contrast．(黑与白形成明显的对比。)contest意为“比赛．竞争”，如：a beauty contest(选美比赛)，close contest(势均力敌的竞争)；contract意为“契约，合同”，如：sign a contract(签订合同)；contact意为“接触，联系”，如：maintain a close contact(保持密切接触)。根据句意可知，D)项为正确答案。

18. If a test taker finds an item to which the answer is unknown, it may be ___________ to leave it blank and go on with the test.

A.desirable
B.admirable
C.advisable
D.acceptable

A B C D

[解析] 如果考生遇到不会解的试题，明智的做法是先把它放一边继续答题。
[解析]形容词辨义。desirable意为“理想的，值得做的”，如：a desirable outcome(值得努力的结果)； admirable意为“令人钦佩的，极好的”，如：an admirable performance(优美的表演)；advisable意为“明智的，可取的”，如：It is not advisable to drink too much．(喝酒不宜过量。)acceptable意为“可接受的，合意的”，如： His proposal is quite acceptable．(他的提议是可以接受的。)句中指明智的答题方法，故应选C)。

19. The guest ___________ one of the hotel servants of stealing her money when she was out.

A.blamed
B.accused
C.charged
D.criticized

A B C D

[解析] 这位客人指控酒店服务员在她出去时偷了她的钱。
[解析]近义词辨析。blame意为“责备，谴责”，常构成blame sb．for sth．(因某事责备某人)，如：They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan．(他们责怪秘书延误了计划。)accuse意为“控告，指控”，后常与 of连用，如：The police accused him of stealing．(警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。)charge意为“指控，控告”，后常与介词with连用，如：He was charged with stealing a car．(他被指控偷了一辆汽车。)criticize意为“批评，责备”，如：criticize sb．for doing sth．(责备某人做某事)。根据原句句意以及用法可知，应选B)。

20. The union will ___________ the strike now that they have accepted the management's offer.

A.call off
B.call up
C.call out
D.call for

A B C D

[解析] 既然工会已经接受了资方的提议，他们将会取消罢工。
[解析]短语辨析。call off意为“取消，停止”，如：The meeting has been called off．(会议取消了。)call up意为“召集，使想起”，如：call up reserve troops for active duty(征召后备役军人服役)；call out意为“呼唤，召集”，如：The drowning child called out for help．(溺水的孩子大声呼救。)call for意为“需要，要求”，如： The occasion calls for a cool head．(这种场合需要冷静的头脑。)

21. After the discussion it becomes clear that his theory is based on a false ___________.

A.consideration
B.composition
C.supposition
D.acquisition

A B C D

[解析] 经讨论后，很明显他的理论是基于一个错误的假设。
[解析]名词辨义。consideration意为“深思，考虑”，如：Please give the problem your careful consideration．(请你仔细考虑这个问题。)composition意为“作品，结构，组成”，如：The industrial composition of this country is uneven．(这个国家的工业分布不均衡。)supposition意为“假定，推测”，如：This policy is based on the supposition of continued peace in that area．(这个政策基于那个地区继续和平的假设之上。)acquisition意为“获得，得到”，如：The children progressed in the acquisition of basic skills．(孩子们在掌握基本技能方面取得了进步。)根据题意可知，应选C)。

22. Sixty-five percent of television viewers in this city chose her as their ___________ actress.

A.favorable
B.favorite
C.preferable
D.fortunate

A B C D

[解析] 该城市百分之六十五的电视观众选她为最受喜爱的女演员。
[解析]形容词辨义。favorable意为“满意的，有利的”，如：favorable weather for working outside(有利于室外工作的天气)；favorite意为“中意的，喜爱的”，如：my favorite fruit(我最喜欢的水果)；preferable意为“更可取的，更好的”，如：He finds country life preferable to living in the city．(他感到在乡村生活比在城市生活要好些。)fortunate意为“幸运的”，如：be born under a fortunate star(生来有福)。根据句意可知，应选 B)。

23. After looking through the students' homework, he ___________ to have the geography class.

A.proceeded
B.processed
C.presided
D.preceded

A B C D

[解析] 检查完学生的家庭作业，他开始上地理课。
[解析]动词辨义。proceed意为“进行，继续下去”，常与to连用，表示“开始进行”，如：As soon as he came in he proceeded to complain about all his troubles．(他一进来就开始抱怨他所遇到的种种麻烦事。) process意为“加工，处理”，如：We should learn to process raw materials．(我们应该学会加工原材料。)preside意为“主持”，常与over连用，如：presides over the Senate(主持参议院)；precede意为“先行提出，在…前加上”，如：He preceded his speech with welcome to the guests．(他在正式讲演前，先对来宾表示欢迎。)根据原句句意以及用法可知，应选A)。

24. During their first teacher-training year, the students often visited local schools for the ___________ of lessons.

A.investigation
B.inspection
C.repetition
D.observation

A B C D

[解析] 在他们教师培训的第一年，学生们为了观摩课程经常参观当地学校。
[解析]名词辨义。investigation意为“调查，研究”，如：conduct an investigation into sth．(对某事进行调查研究)；inspection意为“检查，视察”，如：He made an inspection of the school．(他视察了这所学校。) repetition意为“重复，循环”，如：I want no repetition of your bad behavior．(我不希望你重做你干的坏事。) observation意为“监视，观察”，如：carry out observations(进行观察)。

25. All the parts of these washing machines are ___________ ,so that it is very convenient to get replacement for them.

A.mechanized
B.modernized
C.standardized
D.normalized

A B C D

[解析] 这些洗衣机的零件全都合乎规格，所以非常方便找到替代品。
[解析]动词辨义。mechanize意为“使机械化”，如：We’ve mechanized the entire bottling process．(我们已使整个装瓶工序机械化。)modernize意为“使现代化”，如：modernize a hospital by installing the latest equipment(安装最新设备使医院现代化)；standardize意为“使符合标准，使标准化”，如：standardized products (标准化产品)；normalize意为“使正常化，使规格化”，如：normalize the relations between the two countries (使两国关系正常化)。根据原句句意可知，C)项为正确答案。

26. It's strange that birds know when to ___________ and find their way back home.

A.immigrate
B.migrate
C.emigrate
D.immigrant

A B C D

[解析] 令人奇怪的是鸟类知道什么时候迁徙，并能找到回家的路。
[解析]近义词辨析。前三个选项均为动词，都含有“移居”的意思。immigrate意为“移居入境”，指从外国移来，如：Britain immigrated many colonists to the New World．(英国把大量殖民者移居到新大陆。) migrate意为“移居，迁移”，指从一地移住另一地，尤指鸟类的迁徙，如：Some birds migrate to find warmer weather．(有些鸟迁徙以寻找更温暖的气候。)emigrate意为“移居外国”，指离开本国永远移居外国，如：The family wanted to emigrate to Canada．(这一家想移民到加拿大。)immigrant是名词，意为“移民，侨民”，如： Immigrants can’t work in the United States without a permit．(在美国如果没有许可证，移民就不能工作。)本题所指的是鸟类的迁徙，故应选B)。

27. We are under the ___________ that he always makes various contributions for nothing.

A.impression
B.compression
C.conclusion
D.confusion

A B C D

[解析] 他给我们的印象总是毫无所求地做贡献。
[解析]名词辨义。impression意为“印象，感想”，如：a strong impression(很深的印象)，be under the impression that为固定搭配，表示“认为，觉得”；compression意为“压缩，精练”，如：compression of ideas(言简意赅)；conclusion意为“结束，结论，缔结”，如：bring a matter to a speedy conclusion(使事情迅速结束)； confusion意为“混乱，混淆”，如：in a state of mental confusion(精神错乱)，fall into confusion(陷入混乱状态)。根据用法可知，A)项为正确答案。

28. After a visit of only nine months he wrote a ___________ book called Democracy in America, which is a classic study of the American way of life.

A.victorious
B.remarkable
C.tremendous
D.voluntary

A B C D

[解析] 在仅仅九个月的访问后，他就写下了令世人瞩目的《美国民主》一书，这本书成为研究美国生活方式的经典之作。
[解析]形容词辨义。victorious意为“胜利的，凯旋的”，如：the victorious team(优胜队)；remarkable意为“卓越的．显著的，非凡的”，如：a remarkable change(显著的变化)，a remarkable work(出色的作品)； tremendous意为“巨大的，惊人的”，如：Setting off firecrackers makes a tremendous noise and causes serious air pollution．(燃放鞭炮会产生巨大的噪声，并严重污染大气。)voluntary意为“自愿的，主动的”，如：voluntary community work(义务社区工作)。根据原句句意可知，应选B)。

29. She is so lucky that she has won ___________ to a first-rate American university.

A.accordance
B.allowance
C.permission
D.admission

A B C D

[解析] 她非常幸运，获准进入一所一流的美国大学学习。
[解析]名词辨义。accordance；意为“一致，协凋”。如：act in accordance with the rules(根据条例行事)；allowance意为“津贴，承认”，如：the allowance of a claim(承认要求)；permission意为“许可，允许”，如： ask for permission(请求许可)，written permission(书画许可证)；admission(to)意为“允许进入”，如： Admission to British universities depends on examination results．(英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。)根据原句句意及其用法可知，应选D)。

30. I find the British legal system extremely ___________ and it's really difficult to understand it.

A.impartial
B.irrational
C.complicated
D.sophisticated

A B C D

[解析] 我发现英国法律体系极为复杂，让人难以理解。
[解析]形容词辨义。impartial意为“公平的，无偏见的”，如：an impartial judgement(公平的判决)； irrational意为“无理性的，不合理的”，如：an irrational dislike(不理智的憎恶)；complicated意为“复杂的，难懂的”，如：a complicated machine(复杂的机器)，g complicated situation(复杂的情况)；sophisticated意为“老于世故的，老练的”，如：a sophisticated columnist(老练的专栏作家)。根据题意可知，C)项为正确答案。

Part Ⅳ Short Answer Question
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in fewest possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.
　　The science of meteorology(气象学) is concerned with the study of the structure, state, and behavior of the atmosphere. The subject may be approached from several directions, but the scene cannot be fully approached from any one vantage point. Different viewpoints must be integrated to give perspective to the whole picture.
　　One may consider the condition of the atmosphere at a given moment and attempt to predict changes from that condition over a period of a few hours to a few days ahead. This approach is covered by the branch of the science called synoptic meteorology(天气学).
　　Synoptic meteorology is the scientific basis of the technique of weather forecasting by means of the preparation and analysis of weather maps and aerological diagram(高空气象图). The practical importance of the numerous applications of weather forecasting cannot be underestimated. In serving the needs of shipping, aviation, agriculture, industry, and many other interests and fields of human activity with accurate weather warnings and professional forecast advice, great benefits are obtained in the form of the saving of human life and property and in economic advantages of various kinds. One important purpose of the science of meteorology is constantly to strive, through advanced study and research, to increase our knowledge of the atmosphere with the aim of improving the accuracy of weather forecasts.
　　The tools needed to advance our knowledge in this way are the disciplines of mathematics and physics applied to solve meteorological problems. The use of these tools forms that branch of the science called dynamic meteorology.

1. S1. The science of meteorology studies 　S1　 .

the structure，state and behavior of the atmosphere

[解析] 细节题。文章首句就给出了气象学的定义，即气象学是研究大气结构、状态和行为的科学。

2. S2. The study of meteorology can not be proceeded from S2 (1) , but from 　S2 (2)　.

(1)any one vantage point(2)different directions

[解析] 细节题。根据文章第二句内容可知：气象学可以从多个方向来研究，但是对现象的观察却不能从任何一个独立的角度来进行。

3. S3. The author implies that increased accuracy in weather forecasting will lead to S3 .

greater protection of human life

[解析] 推断题。文章第三段第三句提到“In serving the needs...the saving of human life and property and in economic advantages of various kinds．”(通过对航海、航天、农业、工业以及很多其他领域的人类活动提供精确的天气警报和专业的预报建议，天气预报在挽救人类生命、财产和其他方面的经济领域做出了很大贡献。)根据天气预报的重要性可推断出，提高天气预报的精确度将会更好地保护人类的生活。

4. S4. What fields need the serve of weather forecasting? S4　 .

Various fields related to human activities．

[解析] 推断题。第三段第三句中提到的需要天气预报的服务领域有：航海、航天、农业、工业以及很多其他领域的人类活动，总结起来就是，许多与人类活动有关的领域。

5. S5. One of the significant goal of the science of meteorology is S5 .

to improve the accuracy of weather forecast

[解析] 细节题。第三段最后一句指出：气象学的一个重要目标就是不断努力，通过不断的研究和学习来增加我们对大气的了解，以便提高天气预报的精确度。

6. S6. In the last sentence of the passage, the phrase "these tools" refers to S6 .

mathematics and physics

[解析] 语义理解题。文章最后一段首句指出：提高这方面知识的工具是用来解决气象学问题的数学和物理学知识。

7. S8. What would be the best title for the passage? S8

synoptic meteorology and dynamic meteorology

[解析] 细节题。文中在第二段末尾提到气象学的一个分支——天气气象学(synoptic meteorology)，在全文末尾提到其另一个分支——动态气象学(dynamic meteorology)。

8. S8. What would be the best title for the passage? S8

Approaches to the Science of Meteorology

[解析] 主旨题。文章首段谈到气象学可以从多个角度进行研究，然后以天气气象学和动态气象学为例加以说明。

Part Ⅴ Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Solve The Energy Crisis. You should write at least 120 words according to the guidelines given below in Chinese:

1. 能源在人类的生存和发展中的重要作用；
2.描述目前的能源现状，并指出引起全球能源危机的原因；
3.如何解决能源危机。
How to Solve The Energy Crisis

Model Essay One
How to Solve The Energy Crisis
　　As is known to all, energy is of great importance to man. We can hardly imagine how man could live without energy. We wouldn't be able to drive our cars and listen to our favorite songs. In addition, the night would become dark all the time. In short, once man loses all the energy resources, he will not be able to exist in the world.
　　Energy is a serious problem people are facing today. Some far-sighted people point out that our natural resources are much limited. If we keep consuming our resources at the present rate, they warn, the world will soon be running out of oil, coal and metals anti this will certainly lead to a serious energy crisis threatening mankind's survival.
　　Therefore, it is urgently necessary for people to conserve the natural recourses. But the best way to solve the energy problem is, I think, to develop new sources of energy.
Model Essay Two
How to Solve The Energy Crisis
　　Energy resources are those materials which can supply us with power. The supplied power does everything for us. If the world was deprived of energy, the whole society would be unable to function; everything would be in a mess. Moreover, our existence would become a problem. Energy resources are not inexhaustible, and in fact, the earth is short of energy reserves. With the development of the world's population and the ever-increasing consumption of energy by industry and the thoughtless waste of energy by individuals, the world is facing the danger of running out of energy resources.
　　To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the public should be educated about the scarcity of energy and urged to conserve the actually limited resources. And meanwhile great efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, nuclear energy, etc. We have reasons to be optimistic in this respect.