A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. For centuries people have been fighting over whether governments should allow trade between countries. There have been, and probably always will be, 1 to the argument. Some people argue that just 2 is best for both the country and the world. Others argue that trade with other countries 3 for some people to make a good living. Both sides are at least 4 . International trade matters a lot. Its effects on 5 are enormous. Imagine a world in which your country 6 at all with other countries. Imagine what kind of job you would be 7 and what goods you could buy or not buy in such a world. For the United States, for example, start by imagining that it lived without its 8 a year in imported oil, and cut back on its 9 because the remaining domestic oil and other energy sources were 10 . Producers and consumers in other parts of the economy would 11 if they were suddenly stripped of foreign-made goods like CD players and clothing. On the 12 side, suppose that Boeing could sell airplanes, and farmers could sell their crops, 13 the United States, and that U. S. universities could admit only 14 . In each case there are people who gain and people who lose from 15 international trade. In any case, less or more international trade will have 16 on your career as well as your life. For years, American companies are often faced with the choice of buying 17 , which are expensive, and foreign-made goods, which are cheap. If the company buys American goods, it may 18 taxpayers by failing to keep prices low. But if it buys foreign goods, it may 19 the jobs of American workers. Recently, Congress has passed a law compelling American companies with government contracts to 20 domestic goods and services.
[解析] 1-20 For centuries people have been fighting over whether governments should allow trade between countries. There have been, and probably always will be, two sides to the argument. Some people argue that just letting everybody trade freely is best for both the country and the world. Others argue that trade with other countries makes it harder for some people to make a good living. Both sides are at least partly right. International trade matters a lot. Its effects on the life of people are enormous. Imagine a world in which your country did not trade at all with other countries. Imagine what kind of job you would be likely to get and what goods you could buy or not buy in such a world. For the United States, for example, start by imagining that it lived without its $70 billion a year in imported oil, and cut back on its energy use because the remaining domestic oil and other energy sources were more expensive. Producers and consumers in other parts of the economy would feel the same if they were suddenly stripped of foreigh-made goods like CD players and clothing. On the export side, suppose that Boeing could sell airplanes, and farmers could sell their crops, onlywithin the United States, and that U.S. universities could admit only domestic students. In each case there are people who gain and people who lose from cutting off international trade. In any case, less or more international trade will have strong effects on your career as well as your life. For years, American companies are often faced with the choice of buying American-madegoods, which are expensive, and foreign-made goods, which are cheap. If the company buys American goods, it may anger taxpayers by failing to keep prices low. But if it buys foreign goods, it may endanger the jobs of American workers. Recently, Congress has passed a law compelling American companies with government contracts to give preference to domestic goods and services.
2.
extracurricular
3.
many exciting things
4.
rural campus
5.
good public transportation
6.
weekend or vacation trips
7.
does not require
8.
available
9.
peace and quiet
10.
more expensive
11.
eat and shop
12.
cultural events
13.
be prepared for
14.
beautiful setting
15.
cleaner air
16.
nothing happens
17.
near good spots
18.
outdoor activities
19.
difficulty of adjusting
20.
become very ingrown
B: Listening Comprehension
Ⅰ. Statements Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
A.You need to go to Brazil to do a translation course.
B.Your Portuguese is not good enough for translating this contract.
C.Our new secretary can type the contract in Portuguese for you.
D.The secretary might be able to help you with the translation.
A B C D
B
[解析] Are you looking for someone who can translate this contract into Portuguese? What about our new secretary? I hear she had stayed in Brazil for several years.
2.
A.Luckily, I have accepted the job offer.
B.I think you should accept the job offer.
C.I'm very glad you accepted the job offer.
D.I'm sure you can find a job in a smaller city.
A B C D
C
[解析] Finding employment is not easy these days even in big cities. If I were you, I would be delighted with such a job offer.
3.
A.Dr Madison is absent from the conference.
B.Dr Madison is an expert on economics.
C.Dr Madison will present our view of global economy.
D.Dr Madison will preside over the conference this afternoon.
A B C D
D
[解析] Also present at the conference is Dr Madison, who will join our discussion this afternoon to give an expert view on the current situation of global economy.
4.
A.There are vacancies for 18 more club members in the team.
B.There are training courses in the bungee-jumping club.
C.There are pre-requisites for participating in the sport.
D.There are bungee-jumping sports clubs all over the country.
A B C D
C
[解析] If you intend to try bungee-jumping, most countries require that you be over the age of 18 and join a bungee-jumping club or be properly instructed for the sport.
5.
A.Only a third of the business firms can survive more than 5 years.
B.Currently, two thirds of the business firms will collapse in their first year.
C.If you have the correct information, starting a new business is easy.
D.You must have a two-third majority consent to start a branch office.
A B C D
A
[解析] Keeping a business firm running is far more difficult than starting it. According to current statistics, two-thirds of new business firms will fail in the first five years.
A.Evidence shows that wild animals can transmit virus to man.
B.Scientists report the extinction of some endangered wild animals
C.Men and women cannot protect themselves from the attack of virus.
D.Hunting or eating animals will not bring the risk of being infected by virus.
A B C D
A
[解析] Scientists report that hunting or eating wild animals not only destroy the balance of nature, but also run the risk of being infected by virus from animals.
7.
A.It is not enough to learn a foreign language for three years.
B.It requires time and effort to master a foreign language.
C.A child can learn a foreign language better if her mother is around.
D.A child can learn a foreign language faster than an adult.
A B C D
D
[解析] We can never learn a foreign language in the same way as we acquire our first, for even a three-year-old child can have thousands of hours of contact with his mother tongue.
8.
A.Our enrollment fee is only 30 pence if you have your own photos.
B.Our students pay only 30 pounds for their photocopying course.
C.Our students enjoy free services except for photocopying.
D.Our college is the best in the country for its photocopying course.
A B C D
C
[解析] Once you enroll in full or part time courses at this college, our services are all free of charge, except that you pay 30 pence a copy for any photocopying made here.
9.
A.I don't think our sales figures in LA are good enough.
B.I cannot appoint Mrs Colman to the post since she was born there.
C.I believe Mrs Colman can easily be connected as she is now living in LA.
D.I recommend that Mrs Colman be in charge of our office in LA.
A B C D
A
[解析] If you have yet to appoint a new sales manager in charge of our LA office, Mrs Colman was born there and has good connections.
10.
A.160 miles.
B.200 miles.
C.320 miles.
D.400 miles.
A B C D
C
[解析] Suppose the gasoline tank of your car holds 20 gallons, and you average 16 miles to the gallon. How far can you drive on a tankful of gasoline?
Ⅱ. Talks and Conversations Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 11～14
[解析] 11-14 M: Hey, Mary, you look depressed Is everything OK? W: It's my parents. They' re not easy to put up with. They're so old-fashioned, and they never let me do anything. I go out at night only once in a while, and when I do, I have to be back by ten. What should I do? M: Have you tried to talk to them? W: They never have any time for me. My dad's work comes first, and my morn only sits down with me when she wants to show me off to her friends: "Mary gets straight as, and she made the basketball team this year. " Ugh! I want to move out and live on my own. M: Well, I get along well with my parents, but we don't agree all the time. They worry too much about me. If I'm going away, it's always: "Don't forget to call as soon as you arrive. Take this medicine with you in case you get sick. You must stay away from drugs. " They know I'm not into that. They should trust me. W: I guess parents are all the same. 11. What does the woman think of her parents?
2.
A.She runs very fast.
B.She often goes out at night.
C.She studies well at school.
D.She lives on her own.
A B C D
D
[解析] Which of the following is TRUE about the woman?
3.
A.Make a phone call home on his arrival.
B.Take the medicine as soon as he arrives.
C.Throw away all the drugs on his arrival.
D.Shut himself up in case he gets sick.
A B C D
B
[解析] What do the man's parents often ask him to do when he is going away?
4.
A.They should worry about him.
B.They should trust him.
C.They should give him more free time.
D.They should care more about him.
A B C D
A
[解析] what does the man think his parents should do?
[解析] 15-18 (Woman) Ladies and gentlemen, we all know that even with the advances of science and technology in our modern society it is very difficult for us to predict an earthquake, let alone prevent it. But people have long ago tried every possible means to record, and in some way, predict the occurrence of an earthquake. The world's first instrument for recording earthquakes was invented in China in the second century AD. The instrument—today we would call it a seismoscope-was designed by a Chinese astronomer and geographer named Zhang Heng. It was a vessel-like device made of bronze and measured 6 feet in diameter. Inside the instrument there was a pendulum that would swing from the movement of a tremor that is too weak to be felt by a human being. When the pendulum swung, it would pull one of the attached bars. The bar would open the mouth of the dragon sculpture on the outside of the vessel and a bronze ball would drop and fall with a clang into the open mouth of a frog sculpture below. This seismoscope could not only record the movement of an earthquake, but also show from which direction the earthquake came. In AD 138, Zhang Heng used his invention to announce that a major earthquake had struck 400 miles northwest of Luoyang, the Chinese capital. His report came long before messengers on horseback brought news of the earthquake to the capital city. 15.For what purpose was the vessel-like seismoscope invented?
6.
A.To support the bronze ball inside the vessel.
B.To respond to light tremors of the earth.
C.To open the mouth of the frog sculpture.
D.To attach the bars to the dragon heads outside.
A B C D
C
[解析] What is the function of the pendulum inside the instrument?
7.
A.A major earthquake took place somewhere northwest of the capital.
B.An instrument that could record the occurrence of an earthquake was invented.
C.The invention of the seismoscope was approved by the central government.
D.The earthquake damaged more than 400 houses in the capital city.
A B C D
B
[解析] According to the talk, what happened in the year AD 1387
8.
A.By surveying on the earth surface changes.
B.By recording the frogs' movement in the field.
C.By messengers on horseback.
D.By the astronomer observing the night sky.
A B C D
D
[解析] How was the news of earthquake brought to the capital city before the invention of such an instrument?
[解析] 19-22 M: Hi, Betty, nice to see you again. How long ago did we two meet in this Student Centre? I'm glad the final examinations are over, and we don't have to stay up all night to cram all the academic stuff into our minds. W: Yes. I'm glad that we can be here again to relax and have fun with other fellow students. And now we can look forward to our summer holiday. I've been thinking of going to the States for some time. M: I think it would be much better for you to go on holiday here in England than to the United States. To start with, it's a lot nearer and so it will be much cheaper to get around. That means you will have far more money to spend. W: That may be true, but think about when you get there. There is much more to do in the United States, there are so many different things to see and places to go. Imagine, you could go to New York, San Francisco, the Grand Canyon, and Disneyworld... M: Exactly, Disneyworld! I have been dreaming of going there ever since my childhood. W: So you're changing your mind, aren't you! M: I'm still worrying about the cost of taking a trip to the States. Meanwhile, if you stay here in England, you can probably take up some part-time jobs. That way, you can earn extra money to support your study next semester. W: Maybe you are right. I will think it over and talk about it with my parents while I'm home. Anyway, it is they who pay for my study here in the University. 19.What has the man been doing recently?
10.
A.He is engaged in a part-time job.
B.He likes the weather in England.
C.It will be more interesting.
D.It will cost him less money.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why does the man want to spend his holiday in England?
11.
A.In the student centre.
B.In a travel agency.
C.In the classroom.
D.In the dining-hall.
A B C D
C
[解析] Where is this conversation taking place?
12.
A.Take a part-time job in England.
B.Go to the States with the man.
C.Discuss the plan with her parents.
D.Ask her parents to pay for her trip home.
A B C D
D
[解析] At the end of the conversation, what does the woman decide to do?
[解析] 23-26 All humans experience stress. It is a necessary part of life. Generally speaking, a person's ability to deal with stress is affected by his or her feelings, attitude, and outlook on life. To start with, my topic for this week's lecture is "Teenage Stress". Parents tend to think that their children's adolescence is a carefree period of life. However, studies show that teenagers can experience the most stress of all people. They can experience stress related to money, family problems, self-esteem, acceptance by their peers, getting accepted into college, choosing a career and pressure to do well in school, sports, or clubs. One reason for such stress is that childhood has gotten shorter, and the perception of children has changed. With the rapid advance of information technology, children can get messages that in the past were probably meant only for adults, and the dividing line between childhood and adulthood ceases to exist. Children do not play as many of their games as we used to, and most of their games and sports nowadays are those usually performed by adults. Youngsters are encouraged to use adult language that was once never to be heard around a child. Today, our people are under tremendous pressure to achieve and succeed. It seems to me that the higher our living standard is, the more stress our children experience. In any case, the way by which we live today definitely has something to do with the increase of the level of stress. 23. According to the talk, how would parents view their children's adolescence?
14.
A.Family problems.
B.Excellence in sports.
C.Self-esteem.
D.Acceptance by parents.
A B C D
A
[解析] Which of the following is NOT a stress-related phenomenon for teenagers?
15.
A.Those that used to be meant for adults only.
B.Those that divides childhood and adulthood.
C.Those that are only related to information technology.
D.Those that can help reduce the level of stress.
A B C D
B
[解析] According to the speaker, what kind of messages can children get today?
16.
A.Children's games.
B.Living standard.
C.Language lessons.
D.Sports performance.
A B C D
A
[解析] What has contributed to the increase of the level of stress?
[解析] 27-30 W: Good afternoon, Mr Brown. Won't you take a seat? That's an attractive shirt. Is it new? M: Fairly. I got it last month for my birthday. W: It's very nice. Mr Brown, I've been enjoying working with you, and you certainly have made some significant contributions. Today, however, I need to speak with you about a problem I have observed. When we are done speaking, I anticipate that we will have a solution worked out for this problem. Does that sound reasonable to you? M: Sure. This must be serious. You're so formal. W: Yes Mr Brown. During the past month, I have observed you returning late from lunch on five different occasions. I have the specific dates listed here... M: Hey, I wasn't late. I was running errands. W: Mr Brown, I'm going to give you a chance to respond in just a minute. I need you to listen first. If we interrupt each other, we aren't going to get anywhere. M: O.K. W: I first observed this change in behavior last month, but I ignored it, assuming that you were engaging in work-related activities. However, the end-of-the month reports came in, and they revealed a definite drop in your productivity and a significant increase in errors. I spoke with you on the third and the seventeenth. On each occasion, the smell of alcohol was obvious. Today the smell of alcohol is obvious. Drinking while on the job is strictly against company policy. Is there a reason for this change in your behavior? M: There is no change in behavior. I only had one beer at lunch That's not a crime, is it? W: I'd like this to be a problem-solving session—not a warning session. You're a valuable employee, and I'd like it to stay that way. I'd like to help you, but you have to be willing to be truthful. Would you like to talk about this with a professional counselor? M: If you think that would help. W: I don't know if it will help. That part is up to you, but I'm willing to work with you. Here is the telephone number of Dr Lawrence. I'd like you to call him and set up an appointment. In the meantime, you must understand that alcohol during working hours is strictly forbidden, Failure to observe this rule will lead to dismissal. May I count on you to observe this rule? M: I'll do my best. 27. What does the man think of the woman's opening remark? Question
18.
A.The man has always been a valuable employee.
B.The man has often been late for work after lunch.
C.The man has been addicted to alcohol while running errands.
D.The man has been engaging in work-related activities.
A B C D
B
[解析] According to the conversation, what has the woman observed recently?
19.
A.Making an appointment to see the manager.
B.Attending a warning session.
C.Having soft drinks over lunch.
D.Consulting a specialist.
A B C D
B
[解析] What does the woman suggest to help solve the problem?
20.
A.Alcohol drinking during working hours is strictly forbidden.
B.Anyone who drinks beer on the job will be dismissed immediately.
C.A warning session will be conducted if an employee is late for work.
D.Anyone who is late for work must go and see a professional counselor.
A B C D
D
[解析] What is the company rule, according to the woman?
C: Listening Translation
Ⅰ. Sentence Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLYONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
[解析] Workers who can still demonstrate their capacity to carry out their work should NOT be asked to retire simply because they have reached a certain age.
2. ______
我们只预期大约有20人来应聘该岗位，但却有超过一倍的人申请了。所以我们不得不连夜工作以安排面试。
[解析] We had only expected around 20 people to apply for that post, but twice as many showed up. So we had to work overnight for the arrangement of interviews.
[解析] Many American companies now understand that they must study Chinese laws, trade practices, and culture in order to be more effective in doing business with their new trading partners.
[解析] Not long ago, people were still arguing over whether or not climate change was actually taking place. Now, there is broad consensus that it is happening and that human activities are largely to blame.
5. ______
我们都知道人的智力/智能既有遗传也有环境的因素，但遗传因素比环境因素更为重要。
[解析] It is known that human intelligence is attributable to both heredity and environment, but the genetic factors are more important than the environmental ones.
Ⅱ. Passage Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.
[解析] I think examinations are much better than homework. I'd prefer having exams at the end of a school year to doing homework every week. For me, the problem with homework is that the pressure is on you all the time and everything you do counts towards your final result. With examinations you can work really hard only in the final stages. I also like to get up early and go through my notes on the day of the exam. That way everything is fresh in my mind.
[解析] Listening is one of the things we do most. Yet listening isn't easy. First, we are surrounded by noise—people talking or shouting, the sound of traffic or the roar of airplanes overhead—which makes any listening job a challenge. Second, we often don't seem to remember even when we do listen. By the time a speaker has finished a ten-minute speech, the average person has already forgotten half of what was said. Within forty-eight hours, another 50 percent has been forgotten. In other words, we quickly forget nearly all of what we hear.
SECTION 2: STUDA SKILLS Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A) , (B) , (C) or (D) , to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1～5 Writing articles about films for The Front Page was my first proper job. Before then I had done bits of reviewing—novels for other newspapers, films for a magazine and anything I was asked to do for the radio. That was how I met Tom Seaton, the first arts editor of The Front Page, who had also written for radio and television. He hired me, but Tom was not primarily a journalist, or he would certainly have been more careful in choosing his staff. At first, his idea was that a team of critics should take care of the art forms that didn't require specialized knowledge: books, TV, theatre, film and radio. There would be a weekly lunch at which we would make our choices from the artistic material that Tom had decided we should cover, though there would also be guests to make the atmosphere sociable. It all felt a bit of a dream at that time: a new newspaper, and I was one of the team. It seemed so unlikely that a paper could he introduced into a crowded market. It seemed just as likely that a millionaire wanted to help me personally, and was pretending to employ me. Such was my lack of self-confidence. In fact, the first time I saw someone reading the newspaper on the London Underground, then turning to a page on which one of my reviews appeared, I didn't know where to look. Tom's original scheme for a team of critics for the arts never took off. It was a good idea, but we didn't get together as planned and so everything was done by phone. It turned out, too, that the general public out there preferred to associate a reviewer with a single subject area, and so I chose film. Without Tom's initial push, though, we would hardly have come up with the present arrangement, by which I write an extended weekly piece, usually on one film. The space I am given allows me to broaden my argument—or forces me, in an uninteresting week, to make something out of nothing. But what is my role in the public arena? I assume that people choose what films to go to on the basis of the stars, the publicity or the director. There is also such a thing as loyalty to "type" or its opposite. It can only rarely happen that someone who hates westerns buys a ticket for one after reading a review, or a love story addict avoids a romantic film because of what the papers say. So if a film review isn't really a consumer guide, what is it? I certainly don't feel I have a responsibility to be "right" about a movie. Nor do I think there should be a certain number of "great" and "bad" films each year. All I have to do is put forward an argument. I'm not a judge, and nor would I want to be.
1. What do we learn about Tom Seaton in the first paragraph? ______
A.He has encouraged the author to become a writer.
B.He has worked for various areas of the media.
C.He met the author when working for television.
D.He preferred to employ people that he knows.
A B C D
B
2. A weekly lunch would be arranged in order to ______
A.help the writers get to know each other
B.provide an informal information session
C.distribute the work that had to be done
D.entertain important visitors from the arts circle
A B C D
C
3. What does the author mean when he says that Tom's scheme "never took off" (para. 4) ______?
A.It was unpopular.
B.It wasted too much time.
C.It wasn't planned properly.
D.It wasn't put into practice.
A B C D
D
4. According to the author, his articles ______.
A.are seldom read by filmgoers
B.are ignored by stars and film directors
C.have little effect on public viewing habits
D.have greater persuasion than people realize
A B C D
C
5. Which of the following best describes what the author says about his work?
A.He can freely express his opinion.
B.He prefers to write about films he likes.
C.His success varies from year to year.
D.He writes according to accepted rules.
A B C D
A
Questions 6～10 It is Monday morning, and you are having trouble waking your teenagers. You are not alone. Indeed, each morning, few of the country's 17 million high school students are awake enough to get much out of their first class, particularly if it starts before 8 am. Sure, many of them stayed up too late the night before, but not because they wanted to. Research shows that teenagers' body clocks are set to as schedule that is different from that of younger children or adults. This prevents adolescents from dropping off until around 11 pm, when they produce the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, and waking up much before 8 am when their bodies stop producing melatonin. The result is that the first class of the morning is often a waste, with as many as 28 percent of students falling asleep; according to a National Sleep foundation poll. Some are so sleepy they do not even show up, contributing to failure and dropout rates. Here is an idea: stop focusing on testing and instead support changing the hours of the school day, starting it later for teenagers and ending it later for all children. Indeed, no one does well when they are sleep-deprived, but insufficient sleep among children has been linked to obesity and to learning issues like attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. You would think this would spur educators to take action, and a few have. In 2002, high schools in Jessamine County in Kentucky pushed back the first bell to 8:40 am, from 7:30 am. Attendance immediately went up, as did scores on standardized tests, which have continued to rise each year. In Minneapolis and Edina, Minnesota, which instituted high school start times of 8:40 am and 8:30 am respectively in 1997, students' grades rose slightly and lateness, behavioral problems and dropout rates decreases. Later is also safer. When high schools in Fayette County in Kentucky delayed their start times to 8:30 am, the number of teenagers involved in car crashes dropped, even as they rose in the state. So why has not every school board moved back that first bell? Well, it seems that improving teenagers' performance takes a back seat to more pressing concerns: the cost of additional bus service, the difficulty of adjusting after school activity schedules and the inconvenience to teachers and parents. But few of these problems actually come to pass, according to the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota. In Kentucky and Minnesota, simply flipping the starting times for the elementary and high schools meant no extra cost for buses. There are other reasons to start and end school at a later time. According to Paul Reville, a professor of education policy at Harvard and chairman of the Massachusetts Board of Education, "trying to cram everything out 21th-century students need into a 19th-century six-and-a-half-hour day just isn't working". He said that children learn more at a less frantic pace, and that lengthening the school day would help "close the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their better-off peers".
6. According to the passage, what determines a person's body clock is ______.
A.melatonin production
B.one's lifestyle
C.schedule setting
D.one's sleep patterns
A B C D
A
7. According to the passage, what has something to do with teenagers' obesity and scant attention in class? ______
A.Unhealthy dietary habit.
B.Internal disorder.
C.Unnecessary drop-off.
D.Insufficient sleep.
A B C D
D
8. Which of the following is NOT a positive result that some schools have achieved after they have pushed back their first classes? ______
A.Better grades.
B.Improved attendance.
C.Fewer car crashes.
D.Decreased dropout rate.
A B C D
C
9. The phrase "takes a back seat to" (para. 6) could be best replaced by ______?
A.is secondary to
B.is a prelude to
C.lends support to
D.provides a solution to
A B C D
A
10. What does the passage mainly discuss? ______
A.Teenagers need much more sleep than they actually have now.
B.The schedule of teenagers should be made different from that of adults.
C.Starting the first class late is advantageous in more than one way.
D.Unanticipated problems will arise from the postponement of the first class.
A B C D
C
Questions 11～15 It's estimated that every year 100,000 children aged 16 and under run away from home. The London Refuge, an unremarkable house on an unremarkable street, is the only place in Britain that will give them a bed. Last year it gave sanctuary to 238 children of whom the youngest was 11. What happened to the other 99,762? Nobody knows, although it's a fair bet that some of them ended up on the streets, that some fell into inappropriate and dangerous company, that some didn't survive. "The mere fact that they're running away puts them at risk," says Lorna Simpson, the refuge's deputy manager. "On the streets they' 11 mix with other young people. They' re so naive; they don't understand that people who are nice to them will want payback. Our job is to make them safe. " Simpson, a former social worker, is a calm woman of great warmth. The refuge has six beds and has been open since 1993, often with the threat of closure hanging over it. The problem has nothing to do with the quality of its service and everything to do with funding. A week's placement costs ￡2. 278 and three successive governments have argued that the annual running costs of ￡720. 000 should be locally funded. But because it is used by children from many parts of London, and beyond, local authorities are reluctant to contribute. The Government has now agreed to work on a strategy to support runaway children in England and Wales, which is rich after its withdrawal of funding from the refuge in December. Since then the NSPCC, National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, which runs the refuge in conjunction with St Christopher's Fellowship, has financed it through a donation from an individual, but that money will last only until late next year. "Without this facility there's nothing; children who run away are on the street," says Nasima Patel, the assistant director of the NSPCC. "One of the strengths of the refuge is that children who have left home can ring up directly and will get a bed and supportive staff without having to go through a process of assessment". The refuge accommodates six children plus staff. Many of the admissions are at night and children can stay up to 21 days in three months, although most stay for three to five days. They find it through social services, through ChildLine and through word of mouth. "Children run away from everything you can think of," Simpson says. "Arguments with step-parents, sexual abuse, alcoholic parents, being left to bring up their younger siblings, neglected children who have been failed by social services, girls who have been trafficked. We get doctors' and lawyers' children who run away because they want more pocket money, or want to stay out later than their parents allow. They've been given everything, they get to 15 and no one thinks to pull the reins in. By that time it's too late; they rebel. " Most of the children are from families known to social services, and for them the refuge's ordered regimen is a welcome contrast to the chaos they know. Staff listen without judging and without encouraging dependency, trying to establish why the children have run away. The aim is to get them home or into the care of social services and, after discharge from the refuge, a family support worker is available.
11. The word "sanctuary" (para. 1) is closest in meaning to ______.
A.support
B.security
C.shelter
D.stipend
A B C D
C
12. What is Lorne Simpson's concern about runaway children? ______
A.They don't understand people who are nice to them.
B.They have no direct access to the London Refuge.
C.They will distance themselves from their parents.
D.They will keep company with undesirables.
A B C D
D
13. We learn from the passage that the London Refuge is faced with the threat of closure ______.
A.for its failure to meet the demand
B.for lack of money
C.because of its poor service
D.because of limited accommodation
A B C D
B
14. According to the passage, the London Refuge used to be funded by ______.
A.the Government
B.the NSPCC
C.individual donors
D.local authorities
A B C D
A
15. What do the refuge staff do in the interest of the runaway children? ______
A.Ring up their parents directly about the runaway.
B.Encourage them to have dependency in their teens.
C.Put them into the care of their parents or social services.
D.Allow them to stay there until they want to go back home.
A B C D
C
Questions 16～20 It is already common knowledge, on the beaches and in the cafes of mainland Europe, that Americans work too hard—just as it is well known on the other side of the Atlantic that Europeans, above all the French and the Germans, are slackers who could do with a bit of America's vigorous work ethic. But a new survey suggests that even those vacations American employees do take are rapidly vanishing, to the extent that 40 per cent of workers questioned at the start of the summer said they had no plans to take any holiday at all for the next six months, more than at any time since the late 1970s. It is probably mere coincidence that George W. Bush, one of the few Americans who has been known to enjoy a French-style month off during August, cut back his holiday in Texas to a fortnight. But the survey by the Conference Board research group, along with other recent statistics, suggests an epidemic of overwork among ordinary Americans. A quarter of people employed in the private sector in the US get no paid vacation at all, according to government figures. Unlike almost all other industrialized nations, including Britain, American employers do not have to give paid holidays. The average American gets a little less than four weeks of paid time off, including public holidays, compared with 6.6 weeks in the UK—where the law requires a minimum of four weeks off for full-time workers—and 7.9weeks for Italy. One study showed that people employed by the US subsidiary of a London-based bank would have to work there for 10 years just to be entitled to the same vacation time as colleagues in Britain who has just started their jobs. Even when they do take vacations, overworked Americans find it hard to switch off. One in three find not checking their email and voicemail more stressful than working, according to a study by the Travelocity website, while the traumas of travel take their own toll. "We commonly complain we need a vacation from our vacations," the author Po Bronson wrote recently. "We leave home tired; we come back exhausted " Christian Schneider, a German-born scholar at the Wharton business school in Philadelphia, argues that there is "a tendency to really relax in Europe, to disengage from work. When an American finally does take those few days of vacation per year they are most likely to be in constant contact with the office. " Mindful that well-rested workers are more productive than burnt-out ones, the accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers has started closing all its US offices completely twice a year, for 10 days over Christmas and about five around Independence Day. "We wanted to create an environment where people could walk away and not worry about missing a meeting, a conference call or 300 emails," Barbara Kraft, a partner at the company, told the New York Times. Left to themselves, Americans fail to take an average of four days of their vacation entitlement—an annual national total of 574 million unclaimed days.
16. According to the first paragraph, what do the people in America think of Europeans? ______
A.They work less vigorously except the French and the Germans.
B.They work almost as vigorously as Americans.
C.They should work with some more vigor as Americans do.
D.They could work a bit more vigorously than Americans.
A B C D
C
17. The author mentions George W. Bush cutting back his holiday to indicate that ______.
A.the tendency to overwork is limited to people holding important positions
B.ordinary Americans overwork and important ones are no exception
C.the president finds it necessary to cut back his holiday, let alone others
D.the president has every reason to overwork, but ordinary Americans don't
A B C D
B
18. In which of the following countries are employees entitled to more weeks per year for their holidays? ______
A.The US.
B.The UK.
C.France.
D.Italy.
A B C D
D
19. Why do Americans "... need a vacation from our vacations"(para. 6)? ______
A.Because they do not have enough vacations compared with Europeans.
B.Because they cannot take their mind off work during their vacations.
C.Because emails and voicemails that keep pouring in disrupt their vacations.
D.Because travel is more stressful and exhausting than their normal work.
A B C D
B
20. What did PricewaterhouseCoopers do to make it possible for its employees to really relax in their vacation? ______
A.It created an environment for its employees to be disengaged from work.
B.It advised its employees not to worry about missing telephone calls or emails.
C.It set aside for its employees 10 days for Christmas and Independence Day.
D.It left it to its employees themselves to decide on more vacation entitlement.
A B C D
A
Questions 21～25 While other members of my team explored the wreck of a small Greek merchant ship that sank off the Turkish coast more than 2,400 years ago, I hovered above them in a submarine. One diver, an archaeologist, placed an amphora, or two-handled jar, inside a lifting basket. Another vacuumed sediment from the site by fanning sand into the mouth of a nearly vertical pipe. Two more were taking measurements, carefully, but of necessity quickly, for at this depth each diver had only 20 minutes to complete the morning's assigned task. Any longer, and they would require lengthy medical treatment, to avoid the divers' ailment known as the bends. In four decades of diving on shipwrecks, I' d been too engrossed in carrying out similar tasks to think of the families whose loved ones may have disappeared long ago. I had always concentrated on the technical features of my trade. I had stopped diving regularly 15 years before this exploration, turning over the bulk of the underwater work to a younger generation, but I continue to make inspection dives on most wrecks we excavate. This was not just any wreck. Although I've been involved in uncovering the remains of much older ships, and of more than a hundred ancient shipwrecks along the Turkish coast. I had never even seen a wreck from the fifth century BC. Preliminary photographs of the cargo dated it to the third quarter of the century, during the Golden Age of classical Greece. Athens, then as now the major city in Greece, controlled an empire stretching from one side of the Aegean Sea to the other. None of this would have been possible without naval might and maritime commerce. During our three-year exploration of the wreck we excavated examples of nearly every type of jar that the classical Greeks made for wine or water. Many types might have been used as tableware by the ship's crew, but they were far in excess of what would have been required. We concluded therefore that they must have been cargo. We also discovered in the seabed two marble discs, which we guessed were the ship's eyes. It has long been known from vase paintings that classical Greek ships—like those from other cultures—had eyes to give them life or help them see their way through the waves. Although warships were known to have had naturalistic marble eyes attached to them, most scholars assumed that the eyes on more modest merchant ships were depicted as simple circles painted onto the sides of the vessel. Did the sailors who depended on these eyes for safety survive the ship's last voyage? They could have lived through the actual sinking. The ship was less than a hundred yards from land when it sank, so they might have swum towards the shore. And we know from Greek literature that some ships had lifeboats. But proximity to land and having lifeboats are no guarantee of safety. Even if some had swum to shore, it's hard to imagine that many managed to crawl up on the exposed and sharp rocks while being smashed by waves like those that almost certainly sank their ship.
21. What point does the writer make about the exploration in the first paragraph? ______
A.It was most effective when carried out by a small team.
B.It required each diver to possess a variety of skills.
C.It had to take into account risks to the divers.
D.It had been made easier by technological developments.
A B C D
C
22. What does the writer suggest about himself in the second paragraph? ______
A.He had developed every skill that was needed for exploring wrecks.
B.He had benefited by changing his role in explorations.
C.He was pleased he had started training younger divers.
D.He was aware he distanced himself from aspects of his work.
A B C D
D
23. The writer uses the words'not just any wreck' in paragraph 3 to imply that ______.
A.he had been searching for the ship for a considerable time
B.this was not the only ship found off the coast of Turkey
C.finding this particular ship was of exceptional significance
D.the ship was in better condition than most wrecks
A B C D
C
24. Which of the following is TRUE about the ship's eyes that were found?
A.It had been thought that eyes like these were only used on warships.
B.They were different from the eyes on ships in vase paintings.
C.It was unusual for eyes to be placed in this position on a ship.
D.They were surprisingly similar to eyes on ships from other cultures.
A B C D
A
25. The writer assumes that many of the sailors on the ship's last voyage were ______.
A.saved by the lifeboats
B.smashed by sea waves
C.too far from the land to swim ashore
D.successful in crawling up the rocks
A B C D
B
Questions 26～30 It was books that first captured my imagination about faraway places. TV travelogues always seemed the poor relation to the classic written accounts, although of course the pictures were rather better. And then there was the issue of authenticity. All those pretentious theatrical types dying of thirst in the desert, as if we didn't realize there was a camera crew on hand to cater for their every need. These days programme-makers know that the audience is more sophisticated and the presence of the camera is acknowledged. But can a journey with filming equipment ever be anything other than a cleverly constructed fiction? I recently got the chance to find out, when I was asked to present two one-hour programmes for an adventure travel series. The project was the brainchild of the production company Trans-Atlantic Films, which wanted the series presented by writers and adventurers, as well as TV professionals. My sole qualification was as a journalist specialising in "adventure" travel. However, I was thought to have "on-screen" potential. The first programme was filmed in Costa Rica. Within 24 hours of my arrival, I realized that this was going to be very different from my usual "one man and his laptop" expeditions. For a start, there were five of us—director, cameraman, sound recordist, producer and presenter. And then there was the small matter of ￡100,000 worth of equipment. I soon realized that the director, Peter Macpherson, was a vastly experienced adventure film-maker. In his case, the term "adventure" meant precisely that. "Made a film with X," he would say (normally a famous mountaineer or skier), before describing a death-defying sequence at the top of a glacier in Alaska or hand-gliding off the Angel Falls in Venezuela. Invariably, these reminiscences would end with the words: "Had a great deal of respect for X. Dead now, sadly... " Part of the brief for the series was to put the presenter in unusual situations and see how he or she coped. One such sequence was the night we spent in the rainforest canopy near the National Park in Guanacaste province. I don't have a head for heights and would make a poor rock-climber, so my distress is real enough as the camera catches me dangling on a rope some 30 metres up, well short of the canopy platform. Ironically, it was the presence of the camera, looking down on me from above, that gave me the impetus for the final push to the top. By this time, I'd learnt how "sequences" were cut together and realized that one last effort was required. I had to struggle to stay coherent while the camera swooped within a few millimeters of my face for my reaction In the end, it was a magical experience, hightened all the more by the sounds of the forest—a family of howler monkeys in a nearby tree, amplified through the sound recordist's headphones. Learning how to establish a rapport with the camera is vital and it took me a while to think of it as a friend rather than a judge and jury. The most intimidating moments were when Peter strolled up to me, saying that the light would only be right for another 10 minutes, and that he needed a "link" from one sequence to another. The brief was simple. It needed to be 30 seconds long, sum up my feelings, be informative, well-structured and, most important of all, riveting to watch "Ready to go in about five minutes?" he would say breezily.
26. What reason is given for the writer becoming involved in making TV travel programmes? ______
A.Other people believed that he might be suited to appearing on the programmes.
B.He had a desire to discover whether or not it was possible to make good programmes.
C.He thought that it was natural for him to move from journalism to making TV programmes.
D.There was a shortage of writers and adventurers willing to take part in the programmes.
A B C D
A
27. Shortly after arriving in Costa Rica, the writer became aware that ______.
A.the director had a reputation that was undeserved
B.he would probably dislike working as part of a team rather than alone
C.he would probably get on well with the director personally
D.his role in the filming would be likely to involve real danger
A B C D
D
28. The writer uses the sequence filmed in the National Park as an example of ______.
A.something he had been worried about before any filming started
B.the sort of challenge that presenters were to face in the series
C.something he was expected to be unable to deal with
D.the technical difficulties involved in making films in certain places
A B C D
B
29. What does the writer say about the last part of the sequence in the National Park? ______
A.It taught him a lot about the technical aspects of film-making.
B.He was encouraged to complete it when he looked up at the camera.
C.It changed his whole attitude towards doing dangerous things.
D.He was unable to say anything that made sense at this time.
A B C D
B
30. In Paragraph 6, the writer says that he found it particularly difficult to ______.
A.understand what was required of him for a "link"
B.change things he was going to do at very short notice
C.accept certain advice given to him about presenting a film
D.meet certain demands the director made on him
A B C D
D
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST(1) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
1. What is a novel? I say: an invented story. At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true. True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be. And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader. Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible. So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality. You may say: "If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have. " Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality. The novel does not simply recount experience; it adds to experience. And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist's imagination has a power of its own It does not merely invent, it perceives. It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.
SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST(2) Directions:Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Two moneyed men went to a buffet reception where they expect to mingle with men of letters and pose as well-educated persons. There were of course real celebrities and scholars. At the party, a scholar was chatting with moneybag A, and somehow they found themselves drifting to the topic of Shakespeare.// The scholar asked moneybag A: "It seems you are most interested in Shakespeare, aren't you?" Pausing for a second, moneybag A said with a severe countenance: "Compared with that, whisky is more to my taste. "// Hearing his answer, everyone laughed up their sleeves. Moneybag B noticed that there was something wrong, so he moved away in a huff. On their way back in the car, he gave moneybag A a dressing-down. "You really don't know a thing. Shakespeare is a soft drink. How could you take it for a foreign wine?"
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