A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONCE ONLY. Now let's begin Part A with Spot Dictation. Now, the location of your college. Some colleges are in the center of huge cities, some 1 , and some are surrounded by fields and woods. Where your college is located will be important to your 2 life. The advantage of an urban college is that there are 3 to do off campus. Compared to a 4 there are more movies, plays, churches, restaurants, discos, museums, and music. There is probably 5 ; you are nearer airports, trains, and several highways, making 6 to other places much easier. All of this means that off-campus excitement is easy to reach and 7 a lot of planning. This can be an important part of a college education and of your growth, but this easily 8 entertainment can also tempt you away from your books. The disadvantages of an urban college can be expense and a lack of 9 . Off-campus living in a city is almost always 10 . Even if you live at school you will still 11 off campus often—probably more than you would at a rural campus. Many of those wonderful 12 cost money and are hard to pass up. If you are moving to the city from the country, 13 unexpected expenses. An advantage of a rural college is the relaxed and often 14 . Rural colleges may have a much more peaceful and 15 , and campus activities will probably be more important in your extracurricular life. This doesn't mean that 16 off campus in small towns. Things do, but they are more likely to be connected with schools. Rural colleges are often 17 for outdoor activities, mountains, lakes, and beaches. If you have any interest in 18 this is a good place to learn more. The disadvantages of the rural college can be isolation, boredom, and the 19 to a more relaxed life if you come from a big city. Life at a small rural college can 20 .
[解析] 1-20 Now, the location of your college. Some colleges are in the center of huge cities, some in thesuburbs, and some are surrounded by fields and woods. Where your college is located will be important to your extracurricular life. The advantage of an urban college is that there are many exciting things to do off campus. Compared to a rural campus there are more movies, plays, churches, restaurants, discos, museums, and music. There is probably good public transportation; you are nearer airports, trains, and several highways, making weekend or vacation trips to other places much easier. All of this means that off-campus excitement is easy to reach and does not require a lot of planning. This can be an important part of a college education and of your growth, but this easily available entertainment can also tempt you away from your books. The disadvantages of an urban college can be expense and a lack of peace and quiet. Off-campus living in a city is almost always more expensive. Even if you live at school you will still eat and shop off campus often—probably more than you would at a rural campus. Many of those wonderful cultural events cost money and are hard to pass up. If you are moving to the city from the country, be prepared for unexpected expenses. An advantage of a rural college is the relaxed and often beautiful setting. Rural colleges may have a much more peaceful and cleaner air, and campus activities will probably be more important in your extracurricular life. This doesn't mean that nothing happens off campus in small towns. Things do, but they are more likely to be connected with schools. Rural colleges are often near good spots for outdoor activities, mountains, lakes, and beaches. If you have any interest in outdoor activities this is a good place to learn more. The disadvantages of the rural college can be isolation, boredom, and the difficulty of adjusting to a more relaxed life if you come from a big city. Life at a small rural college can become very ingrown.
2.
extracurricular
3.
many exciting things
4.
rural campus
5.
good public transportation
6.
weekend or vacation trips
7.
does not require
8.
available
9.
peace and quiet
10.
more expensive
11.
eat and shop
12.
cultural events
13.
be prepared for
14.
beautiful setting
15.
cleaner air
16.
nothing happens
17.
near good spots
18.
outdoor activities
19.
difficulty of adjusting
20.
become very ingrown
B: Listening Comprehension
Ⅰ. Statements Directions: Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper ; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
B.You must tell Jack and his brother about the plan.
C.You may ring to ask Jack to meet you at lunch.
D.You can tell Jack about the plan at lunch.
A B C D
D
[解析] Why bother to call Jack and tell him about our plan? You'll see him at lunch.
2.
A.You should have got up when he came into the meeting room for the argument.
B.You should have supported him in the argument at the meeting yesterday afternoon.
C.You shouldn't be afraid to argue with him during the meeting yesterday afternoon.
D.You shouldn't have talked with Tom about your views on the argument yesterday.
A B C D
B
[解析] Since you said you totally agreed with Tom's views, you ought to have stood up for him in the argument at the meeting yesterday afternoon.
3.
A.The copier is already five years old.
B.The copier is better than the previous one.
C.The copier should be regarded as the best one so far.
D.The copier should last much longer than one year.
A B C D
D
[解析] At the rate of its being used, the copier is not going to make it through the rest of the year, though it is supposed to be good for five years.
4.
A.This year the inflation figure is 4. 5%.
B.This year the inflation figure is 2.5%.
C.Last year the inflation figure was 3.5%.
D.Last year the inflation figure was 2.5%.
A B C D
A
[解析] The latest inflation figure was issued today; the current inflation rate is 3. 5%— that's one percent up on last year.
5.
A.We should invest more in teaching people the knowledge about science.
B.We should emphasize the importance of teaching in a scientific way.
C.One weakness of the proposal is the shortage of funds for scientific research.
D.One advantage that our science students enjoy is that they will earn more later.
A B C D
A
[解析] There's a great deal of concern today about the problems of scientific illiteracy and shortcomings in the teaching of science. More funds are needed in this respect.
A.Dressing warmly can help avoid catching many diseases.
B.Washing your hands can reduce your chance of catching a cold.
C.The smartest way to avoid catching a cold is to dress warmly.
D.Both viruses and cold weather are causes for catching colds.
A B C D
B
[解析] It's smart to dress warmly when it's cold outside. But colds are caused by viruses, and not cold weather. Washing your hands is a good way to avoid catching many viruses.
7.
A.The manager dislikes a nurturing environment.
B.The manager wants me to sign the contract for him.
C.I'm glad to stay on with the company.
D.I'm honored to be a general manager.
A B C D
C
[解析] It's a very nurturing environment. The General Manager has encouraged me to push my abilities and grow. and I'm honored the company keeps renewing my contract!
8.
A.It is much more important that we team up for the sport.
B.It is true that the businessman hits the ball over the net.
C.Playing volleyball is part of the company's activities.
D.Teamwork is essential for the running of a company.
A B C D
A
[解析] In team sports such as volleyball, teamwork is much more than just hitting the ball over the net. The same is true of business dealings in a company.
9.
A.Their products have always been regarded as the most valuable brands.
B.Their products no longer rank the world's most valuable brands.
C.Their products won championships for three months in a row.
D.Their products are being challenged by the best brand in history.
A B C D
B
[解析] From Champs to chumps. Just three years ago, their products were on the Business Week's list of the world's most valuable brands in history, and now, they are history.
10.
A.Our deliver time is at least one month.
B.We offer a discount if you order more than 80.
C.The original price of this model is $50.
D.This model was sold at the price of $45 last month.
A B C D
C
[解析] Since you bought 85 chairs last month, naturally this time we can offer you a discount of 10% for this model, at our lowest price of $45 each.
Ⅱ. Talks and Conversations Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 11～14
[解析] 11-14 W: Jack. Tell me about yourself. M: I was born in L. A., but my family is from China. My father came to the U. S. to study. He got a Ph. D. in computer science, and he stays on as a professor at a college in California. W: Is your mother from China, too? M: No, my Morn is from here. She's Asian American. Her folks came to the U. S. during the nineteenth century. In fact, one of her great-grandfathers actually helped build the first railroad cross the United States in the 1860s. What about you? W: Well, I'm a third-generation Mexican American. My grandparents were born in Veracruz, and they immigrated to this country a long time ago. We still have a lot of relatives in Mexico. M: Do you keep in touch with them? W: We visit whenever we can. M: By the way, howls your Spanish? W: It's pretty good. We speak it at home most of the time. Do you speak Chinese? M: Yeah, I'm quite fluent. And I am now learning to write it. I think someday I might be back in China and take up my career there. 11. What does the man's father do for a living?
2.
A.She came to the US in the 1960s.
B.She had one great grandfather killed in a railroad accident.
C.She was a third-generation Mexican American.
D.She was born in the United States.
A B C D
D
[解析] What does the man say about his mother?
3.
A.Because she has a lot of relatives in Spain.
B.Because she speaks it at home most of the time.
C.Because she has just emigrated from Mexico.
D.Because she has learned the language at a college.
A B C D
B
[解析] According to the woman, why can she speak very good Spanish?
[解析] 15-18 Most of us use oil in some way, and it is difficult to imagine the modern world without oil. But oil is not easy to find and get out of the earth, as it is trapped deep down in the ground. We must first study the rocks carefully. When we think that the rocks in a certain place may contain oil, we will build a metal tower in the location either on the land or on the sea. This metal tower is called a derrick. The derrick is equipped with oil drilling machinery. The machine will cut a narrow hole down into the ground. Meanwhile, a steel pipe is pushed down to stop the sides from falling, and to keep out water. At last, if we have judged correctly, the oil would rush up the pipe with great force. This is basically how an oil well is set up. Oil, as we can see, is obtained more easily than coal. For coal, very often we must dig it from a mine and have it sent up to the ground surface. But for oil, it rushes up a pipe. If an oil well is made near the middle of the oil-field, then natural gas can be obtained. In parts of the world such gas is often sent through pipes to distant towns and cities, so that it can be used, like coal-gas, in houses and factories. 15. Why is it difficult to find oil?
6.
A.It is a metal tower equipped with drilling machinery.
B.It is a floating ship for those fishermen working on the sea.
C.It is a machine that can cut holes deep down in the ground.
D.It is a movable factory that refines crude oil on the spot.
A B C D
A
[解析] What is a derrick?
7.
A.It is buried deep in the ground.
B.It is refined in the factory.
C.It rushes up a pipe.
D.It mixes well with gas.
A B C D
C
[解析] Why does the speaker say that oil is obtained more easily than coal?
8.
A.Refined oil.
B.Mineral ores.
C.Coal gas.
D.Natural gas.
A B C D
D
[解析] According to the speaker, what can be obtained when an oil well is made near the middle of the oil-field?
A.It makes children love their parents more than ever.
B.It teaches children to be confident and independent.
C.It provides children with open-question examinations.
D.It offers children better accommodation and better food.
A B C D
B
[解析] 19-22 W: Good evening, Mr Smith. It's nice to meet you and your boy in such nice and cozy weather. Is John going to school this year? M: Yes. We are thinking of sending him to a private boarding-school instead of the local state school. W: Really? Well, I wouldn't dream of sending my little boy away to some strange institution for months on end every year. It would break my heart every term. M: I don't think so. I would say that a boarding-school education is good for children because it teaches them to have confidence in themselves. In a boarding school they can learn to he more independent of themselves and less dependent on their parents. W: But not every child can afford to go to a private school. My nephew only went to his local state school and he's just been awarded a scholarship to study classics at Cambridge. M: Anyway, a private school is more innovative and open-minded in teaching children to learn. You will get the value of your money and it is worthwhile. W: Still, I don't know what I'll do with my little boy next year. I don't want him to go to that big new school. The children of all the common people in the area go there. M: Well, they are closing all the old schools. If you don't like the new state school, you'll just have to pay to send him to a private school, won't you? 19. According to the man, what is good about a private boarding-school?
10.
A.To show that a child can do well in a local state school.
B.To prove that a private boarding-school is better.
C.To urge the man to apply for a scholarship at Cambridge.
D.To persuade the man to send his boy to study abroad.
A B C D
A
[解析] Why does the woman mention her nephew in the conversation?
11.
A.You will save money if you send your child to a private school.
B.You will not get your money's value at a local school.
C.A local state school is more innovative and open-minded.
D.A private school is more expensive than a state school.
A B C D
D
[解析] Which of the following can be concluded from the conversation?
12.
A.Her little boy would not be interested in that local school.
B.That new state school is too far away from her home.
C.She might have to send her boy to that new state school.
D.She could not afford to send her boy to a private school.
A.It is absolutely as unpredictable as it is destructive and violent.
B.The more time that has passed since an earthquake, the bigger the chance one will strike.
C.There is a 60-percent probability that an earthquake will occur in the United States.
D.The overall history of earthquakes can help predict and prevent the oncoming earthquakes.
A B C D
B
[解析] 23-26 Earthquakes are violent, destructive—and unpredictable! The overall history of earthquakes leads to one general rule: The more time that has passed since an earthquake, the bigger the chance one will strike. Scientists therefore use information about past earthquakes to guess probabilities about future earthquakes. For example, they say that within the next 30 years, there is a 60-percent probability that an earthquake will hit somewhere in southern California. But exactly where or when is a mystery. In at least one case, an earthquake in northern China has been predicted by paying attention to clues from nature. In China earthquakes have been studied for nearly 4,000 years, and there are records of more than 9,000 earthquakes going back to the year 1831 B.C. The official earthquake records of the state of California only go back to 1930! In their long, hard look at earthquakes, the Chinese have observed many things. Before an earthquake, animals start to act strangely, the ground changes shape, and Earth's magnetic field gets stronger in the earthquake area. The water in wells bubbles up and then returns to its normal level. Also, a series of small earthquakes can mean that a big quake is on its way. The Chinese used these clues in 1974 to make the first successful prediction of an earthquake. The United States Geological Survey, on the other hand, has never predicted a major earthquake. 23. What is the general rule about the occurrence of an earthquake?
14.
A.Southwestern China.
B.Northern China.
C.Northern California.
D.Southern California.
A B C D
D
[解析] According to the speaker, which area is likely to be hit by an earthquake within the next 30 years?
15.
A.No more than 1800 years.
B.About 2000years.
C.Nearly 4000 years.
D.Over 5000 years.
A B C D
C
[解析] How long have the Chinese studied earthquakes?
16.
A.Animals start to act strangely.
B.Water in wells bubbles up.
C.Earth's magnetic field gets stronger.
D.The clouds change shape.
A B C D
D
[解析] Which of the following is NOT a clue that is used by the Chinese to predict an earthquake?
A.Because they had had a hard time finding a parking lot.
B.Because the park was closed before they reached there.
C.Because they had jammed into a crowded parking lot there.
D.Because the park was crowded with too many people.
A B C D
D
[解析] 27-30 M: How did you like the fireworks last night? W: I really didn't enjoy them too much. There was such a big crowd that we couldn't get very close. M: I thought you were going early. W: We did, but even though we got there at 7 o'clock, the park was already jammed. It was so crowded that we had a hard time finding a place even to stand. M: That's too bad, because the fireworks were really spectacular. W: What did you do? How did you manage to get a good view? M: We went early. We decided to have a picnic dinner in the park so we'd be sure to get there early enough to find a good spot. W: I guess that's what I should do next Fourth of July. M: We found a place on top of some rocks where nobody could get in front of us. W: Wasn't it pretty hot? The temperature was up in the eighties yesterday. M: It was nice and cool where we were because there were a lot of trees right behind us, so we had some shade to sit in. W: What did you do about going home? I've never been pushed and shoved so much in my whole life ! M: Well, they ran extra buses until midnight, so we didn't have any problem. W: I think you were lucky. M: It wasn't luck, it was good planning. You'll have to come with us next year. W: I don't know whether I want to try it again next year. Even though I like fireworks, I don't like big crowds M: Well, next year is still a long time away. And next weekend we're going to the beach, a whole bunch of us. Would you like to come with us? W: Yes, thank you, I would. And maybe I can find how you go about planning things. 27. According to the woman, why couldn't she enjoy the fireworks?
18.
A.They arranged a picnic dinner in a restaurant near the park.
B.They arrived early enough to secure a good viewing spot.
C.They built a private platform on top of some rocks.
D.They drove their car right behind some trees and stood on the roof.
A B C D
B
[解析] What did the man do to ensure a good view of the fireworks?
19.
A.He was lucky.
B.He had a lot of people help him.
C.He had planned well beforehand.
D.He could mix well with people in the park.
A B C D
C
[解析] How did the man explain the success for their park trip?
20.
A.He invited the woman to a beach tour.
B.He promised to send the woman an invitation next year.
C.He advised the woman to take up a planning course.
D.He decided to visit the woman next week.
A B C D
A
[解析] What did the man do at the end of the conversation?
C: Listening Translation
Ⅰ. Sentence Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLYONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Now let' s begin Sentence Translation with Sentence No. 1.
[解析] We know that language use is a lifelong process; so is the foreign language learning. There is no shortcut in learning a foreign language.
2. ______
恐怕我们不得不改变我们周五上午的约见。发生了意料不到的事情。我很抱歉/对不起(这)给你带来了不便。
[解析] I'm afraid we'll have to change our appointment for Friday morning. Something unexpected came up. And I'm sorry for the inconvenience this might cause you.
3. ______
经过讨论我们在关键问题上达成妥协，我们将在明天下午的第二次会面中洽谈合同的细节。
[解析] After some discussions we have reached a compromise on the key points and we'll come down to details of the contract at our next meeting tomorrow afternoon.
[解析] A famous educationist once said: Nobody is completely ignorant. Nobody knows everything. All of us lack knowledge of something. That is why we continue to learn.
5. ______
今天，我很高兴地宣布，本政府将大大增加我们在中国学习的学生，在今后十年内达到5万人。
[解析] Today, I'm pleased to announce that our government will dramatically expand the number of our students who study in China to 50,000 in the next ten years.
Ⅱ. Passage Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLYONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening. Now let' s begin Passage Translation with the first passage.
[解析] Man is closely connected to the environment. Our environment provides us with fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and various vegetables to eat. However, our environment is faced with many dangers. It is seriously polluted by chemical wastes from factories and garbage in cities. Trees are being cut down; large areas of forests are being destroyed. And various animals are being hunted and killed. As a result, many kinds of plants and animals are disappearing from the earth.
[解析] In 1979, trade between the United States and China stood at roughly $5billion-today it tops over $400 billion each year. The commerce affects our people's life in so many ways. America imports from China many of the computer parts we use, the clothes we wear; and we export to China machinery that helps power your industry. This trade could create even more jobs on both sides of the Pacific, while allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of life.
SECTION 2: STUDA SKILLS Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A) , (B) , (C) or (D) , to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1～5 About three hundred years ago, there were approximately half a billion people in the world. In the two centuries that followed the population doubled, and, by 1850, there were more than a billion people in the world. It took only 75 years for the figure to double once more. Each day the population of the world increases by about 150,000. In former centuries the population grew slowly. Famines, wars, and epidemics, such as the plague and cholera, killed many people. Today, although the birth rate has not changed significantly, the death rate has been lowered considerably by various kinds of progress. Machinery has made it possible to produce more and more food in vast areas, such as the plains of America and Russia. Crops have been increased almost everywhere and people are growing more and more food. Improvement in communications and transportation has made it possible to send more food from the place where it is produced to other places where it is needed. This has helped reduce the number of famines. Progress in medicine and hygiene has made it possible for people to live longer. People in Europe and North America live, on the average, twice as long as they did a hundred years ago. In other countries, too, people generally live much longer than they once did. Babies, especially, have a far better chance of growing up because of increased protection against infant diseases. However, all countries do not benefit to same degree from this progress in medicine and hygiene. Half the world's people live in Asia, but most of them are concentrated in the coastal regions and on the islands. The same type of populace concentration is true of other continents, although they are often far less populated. There are still vast regions of the world where very few people live: the central regions of the larger continents, mountainous areas, deserts, the far north, and tropical jungles. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, migrations have taken place within certain countries: the cities with their industries have attracted people away from the country. The possibility of earning a fixed salary in a factory or office was more attractive than the possibility of staying on the farm and having one's work destroyed by frost, storms, or droughts. Furthermore, the development of agricultural machinery made it possible for fewer people to do the same amount of work. Thus, at the same time that the industrial revolution made it possible to produce goods more cheaply and more quickly in factories, an agricultural revolution also took place. Instead of leaving fields empty every third year, farmers began to plant clover or some other crop that would enrich the soil. Instead of using only animal fertilizer, farmers began to use chemical fertilizers to keep the soil rich. These methods have enabled French farmers, for example, to get five times as much wheat as was obtained from the same land two centuries ago.
1. According to the passage, today population has increased rapidly because ______.
A.people have more children
B.people live a longer life
C.there are not as many wars
D.people do not need as much food
A B C D
B
2. Of all the people in the world, Asia contains ______.
A.one-fourth
B.one-third
C.one-half
D.two-thirds
A B C D
C
3. Which of the following factors has NOT helped increase population?
A.Progress in medicine.
B.Improvement in communications.
C.Machinery.
D.Geography.
A B C D
D
4. It can be learned from the passage that ______.
A.the farm with agricultural machinery drew more people
B.the country with a fixed salary system made people settle there
C.the town in the far north attracted more migrants
D.the city with its industries was a magnet for many migrants
A B C D
D
5. What is the main idea expressed in the passage?
A.Progress and population.
B.Three revolutions.
C.Agriculture and industry.
D.Deserts and jungles.
A B C D
A
Questions 6～10 It's 3 am, pitch dark and you can't sleep. How can you survive the next day after being awake so long the night before? Difficulty in sleeping is a common problem, but there are ways to escape it. "Falling asleep is something passive and not forceable," says Cornelius Kellner, a sleep specialist. "If you offered someone 1 million euros to fall asleep in 10 minutes, he would not win the money," says Kellner. It's normal to he awake at night occasionally. Difficulty in sleeping is not unusual when under stress. "Fears, worries or aggravation are negative emotions that lead to higher body activity," says Martin Muehlensiep of the sleep clinic at the University of Cologne. Six to eight hours of sleep per night is the normal range in terms of the amount of sleep one should get. Hence it achieves nothing to go to bed at 10 pm and expect to sleep through until 8 am, says Kellner. "Also, the ability to perform is barely reduced after a nearly sleepless night. " When that happens, people often take the wrong course of action the next day. They often attempt to take it easy or even to take a nap, says Muehlensiep. "Then obviously they won't be tired the next evening and will lie awake in bed. " Limit your evening activities to a routine pattern, Muehlensiep recommends. First read, then put on pajamas or a nightgown, then brush your teeth, for example. "Each of these activities will become a signal to the body that it's going to go to bed soon," Muehlensiep says. But what should one do when that doesn't help? Constantly looking at the clock puts pressure on the body. "When that happens, it's better to get out of bed and do a simple activity," Kellner says. Put pictures into an album or iron , for example, until fatigue sets in. People who can't sleep often are those who brood or worry a lot. Kellner advises people who have difficulty sleeping to exploit it and to let their thoughts take them on a journey. "Place yourself consciously in a pleasant situation: on a beach or in a meadow. This can replace the worries at hand. " People whose worries persistently spin around in their heads can try writing them down on a sheet of paper. "This doesn't make them go away, but keeps them for the next day," Kellner says. This often provides enough comfort to allow sleep to set in. Food is best avoided two to three hours before going to beck Coffee, nicotine and alcohol also impede falling asleep and therefore should not be consumed before bed. "Alcohol can be good for falling asleep, but poor for staying asleep," says Muehlensiep. Bananas and milk products—the proven milk and honey method, for example—can help people sleep. They promote regular sleep patterns in the brain.
6. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.Some food will promote regular sleep patterns.
B.Good lifestyle ensures a good night's sleep.
C.Constant stress is the root cause of sleeplessness.
D.There are ways out of difficulty in sleeping.
A B C D
D
7. According to the passage, difficulty in falling asleep can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A.positive emotions
B.routine evening activities
C.the change in sleep pattern
D.the clock-watching technique
A B C D
B
8. For an adult, more sleep than eight hours a night ______.
A.enables him to achieve more in his work
B.leads to his higher body activity
C.spells wakefulness for the next few nights
D.makes little difference in his daytime performance
A B C D
A
9. Under what circumstances is taking a nap the next day considered a wrong course of action ?
A.When you are not tired and lie awake in bed.
B.When you are not free of fears and worries.
C.After you have spent a nearly sleepless night.
D.After you have slept from 10 pm until 8 am.
A B C D
C
10. Which of the following is NOT recommended to those who brood or worry and can't fall asleep?
A.Letting their thoughts take them on a pleasant journey.
B.Spending time on a beach or in a meadow the next day.
C.Writing their worries down on a sheet of paper for the next day.
D.Getting out of bed and doing something simple until fatigue sets in.
A B C D
C
Questions 11～15 Ten years ago, in settling the largest civil lawsuit in the US history, the tobacco industry agreed to pay the 50 states $246 billion, to be used in part to finance efforts to prevent smoking. The percentage of American adults who smoke has fallen since then to just over 20 percent from nearly 30 percent, but smoking is still the No. 1 preventable cause of death in the United States, and smoking-related health care costs more than $167 billion a year. To reduce this cost, the incoming Obama administration should abandon one anti-smoking strategy that is not working. A key component of the Food and Drug Administration's approach to smoking prevention is to warn about health dangers: Smoking causes fatal lung cancer; smoking causes emphasema; smoking while pregnant cause birth defects. Compared with warnings issued by other nations, these statements are low-key. From Canada to Thailand, Australia to Brazil, warnings on cigarette packs include vivid images of lung tumors, limbs turned gangrenous by peripheral vascular disease and open sores and deteriorating teeth caused by mouth and throat cancers. In October, Britain became the first European country to require similar gruesome images on packaging. But such warnings do not work Worldwide, people continue to inhale 5.7 trillion cigarettes annually—a figure that does not even take into account duty-free or black-market cigarettes. According to World Bank projections, the number of smokers is expected to reach 1.6 billion by 2025, from the current 1.3 billion. A brain-imaging experiment I conducted in 2006 explains why anti-smoking scare tactics have been so futile. I examined people's brain activity as they reacted to cigarette warning labels by using functional magnetic resonance imaging, a scanning technique that can show how much oxygen and glucose a particular area of the brain uses while it works, allowing us to observe which specific regions are active at any given time. We tested 32 people (from Britain, China, Germany, Japan and the United States), some of whom were social smokers and some of whom were two-pack-a-day addicts. Most of these subjects reported that cigarette warning labels reduced their craving for a cigarette, but their brains told us a different story. Each subject lay in the scanner for about an hour while we projected on a small screen a series of cigarette package labels from various countries—including statements like "smoking kills" and "smoking cause fatal lung cancers". We found that the warnings prompted no blood flow to the amygdale, the part of the brain that registers alarm, or to the part of the cortex that would be involved in any effort to register disapproval. To the contrary, the warning labels backfired. They stimulated the nucleus accumbens, sometimes called the "craving spot", which lights up on functional magnetic resonance imaging whenever a person craves something, whether it is alcohol, drugs, tobacco or gambling. Further investigation is needed, but our study has already revealed an unintended consequence of anti-smoking health warning. They appear to work mainly as a marketing tool to keep smokers smoking. Barack Obama has said he has been using nicotine gum to fight his own cigarette habit. His new administration can help other smokers quit, too, by eliminating the government scare tactics that only increase people's craving.
11. Anti-smoking warnings on cigarette packs are less eye-catching in ______.
A.America
B.Britain
C.Canada
D.Australia
A B C D
A
12. The word "projections" (Para. 5) is closest in meaning to ______.
A.surveys
B.statistics
C.estimates
D.reports
A B C D
C
13. The author conducted an experiment to find that ______.
A.cigarette warning labels reduce smokers' craving for cigarettes
B.anti-smoking warnings produce an unintended consequence
C.people are hooked on smoking once they fall into the habit
D.some social smokers will turn into two-pack-a-day addicts over time
A B C D
B
14. We learn from the passage that ______.
A.the Obama administration has progressively reduced the cost of smoking-related health care
B.the number of adult smokers in the US has dropped in response to the financed effort to prevent smoking
C.further investigation will be conducted that may contradict the current findings about scare tactics
D.more funds will be made available worldwide for smoking-related health care
A B C D
C
15. What is the main idea of the passage?
A.The number of smokers worldwide is increasing in spite of the intensifying anti-smoking warnings.
B.Smoking remains the No. 1 preventable cause of death in the United States and other countries as well.
C.Obama administration should eliminate scare tactics that only increase people's craving for cigarettes.
D.Anti-smoking scare tactics are virtually ineffective as smokers' brains do not respond positively to them
A B C D
A
Questions 16～20 Whole families of musicians are not exactly rare. However, it is unusual to come across one that includes not only writers and performers of music, but also an instrument maker. When South Wales schoolteachers John and Hetty Watkins needed to get their ten-year-old son, Paul, a cello to suit his blossoming talents, they baulked at the costs involved. "We had a look at various dealers and it was obvious it was going to be very expensive," John says. "So I wondered if I could actually make one. I discovered that the Welsh School of Instrument Making was not far from where I lived, and I went along for evening classes once a week for about three years. " "After probably three or four goes with violins and violas, he had a crack at his first cello," Paul, now 28, adds. "It turned out really well. He made me another one a bit later, when he'd got the hang of it. And that's the one I used right up until a few months ago. " John has since retired as a teacher to work as a full-time craftsman, and makes up to a dozen violins a year—selling one to the esteemed American player Jaime Laredo was "the icing on the cake". Both Paul and his younger brother, Huw, were encouraged to play music from an early age. The piano came first: "As soon as I was big enough to climb up and bang the keys, that's what I did," Paul remembers. But it wasn't long before the cello beckoned. "My folks were really quite keen for me to take up the violin, because Dad, who played the voila, used to play chamber music with his mates and they needed another violin to make up a string trio. I learned it for about six weeks but didn't take to it. But I really took to the character who played the cello in Dad's group. I thought he was a very cool guy when I was six or seven. So he said he'd give me some lessons, and that really started it all off. Later, they suggested that my brother play the violin too, but he would have none of it. " "My parents were both supportive and relaxed," Huw says. "I don't think I would have responded very well to being pushed. And, rather than feeling threatened by Paul's success, I found that I had something to aspire to. " Now 22, he is beginning to make his own mark as a pianist and composer. Soon Paul will be seen on television playing the Ruggeri as the soloist in Elgar's Cello Concerto, which forms the heart of the second programme in the new series Masterworks. "The well-known performance history doesn't affect the way I play the work," he says. "I'm always going to do it my way. " But Paul won't be able to watch himself on television—the same night he is playing at the Cheltenham Festival. Nor will Huw, whose String Quartet is receiving its London premiere at the Wigmore Hall the same evening. John and Hetty will have to be diplomatic and energetic—if they are to keep track of all their sons' musical activities over the coming weeks.
16. Why did John Watkins decide to make a cello?
A.He wanted to encourage his son Paul to take up the instrument.
B.He was keen to do a course at the nearby school.
C.He felt that dealers were giving him false information.
D.He wanted to avoid having to pay for one.
A B C D
D
17. What is meant by "crack" in Paragraph 3?
A.Attempt.
B.Plan.
C.Shock.
D.Break.
A B C D
A
18. What do we learn about Huw's musical development?
A.His parents' attitude has played little part in it.
B.It was slow because he lacked determination.
C.His brother's achievements gave him an aim.
D.It was threatened by Paul's success.
A B C D
C
19. What does Paul mean when he talks about his performance of Elgar's Cello Concerto?
A.It is less traditional than other performances he has given.
B.Some viewers are likely to have a low opinion of it.
C.He considers it to be one of his best performances.
D.It is typical of his approach to everything he plays.
A B C D
D
20. What will require some effort from John and Hetty Watkins?
A.Preventing their sons from taking on too much work.
B.Being aware of everything their sons are involved in.
C.Reminding their sons what they have arranged to do.
D.Advising their sons on what they should do next.
A B C D
B
Questions 21～25 Any request in the United Kingdom to remove a disabled person's ability to reproduce should be treated with great caution. The news that 15-year-old Katie Thorpe, who has severe cerebral palsy, may have a womb removal operation at her mother's request should be a cause of great concern for disabled people. This case raises profound legal and ethical dilemmas. Legally Katie should be assumed to be capable of making a decision and, if necessary, supported to do so before anyone else can decide what is or is not in her "best interests". Ethically we have to remember that right through the 20th century many countries in Europe and beyond legislated positively in favor of sterilising disabled people, often without their knowledge—let alone their consent. As Judge Holmes famously put it in a landmark case in the United States less than a century ago, "three generations of imbeciles are enough". With the shadow of this recent history still over us, we should exercise utmost caution before sanctioning decisions to remove any disabled woman's reproductive right. The most effective path through both the legal and ethical dilemmas has to be to encourage self-determination on the part of disabled people such as Katie. Of course, the rights and needs of careers need to be taken into account as well, but it is imperative that this is never at the expense of the disabled person's own views. The reason that this case has caused so much controversy is that, on initial inspection, it appears that an assumption is being made about what is best for a disabled person without attempting to understand the desires of the individual who will be ultimately affected by the decision. Unfortunately, assumptions that limit disabled people's lives are prevalent in our society, and the medical profession is not immune. I have come across cases where disabled people who personally believe they enjoy a good quality of life, have been told by doctors that they assume they would not want to be resuscitated in the event of respiratory failure. When the individuals tell the doctors that they would, of course, want to be resuscitated, they have been met with nothing but a puzzled look. Not only does the UK disability network Radar advocate that all disabled people should be the authors of their own destiny, but that they should have the appropriate support in place to enable them to achieve their hopes and ambitions. This does not just mean going to the shops, or having a rewarding job, but it also means a right to relationships and to family life, which means ensuring self-determination is a key aspect of everyone's existence. These are the rights that non-disabled people take for granted, and they must be afforded to all if we are to live in an equal society. We know that with the right support in place, true independent living is not only possible, but desirable both from a social and an economic perspective. Once we can live the lives that we want to live, we can encourage other disabled people to do the same. We all have ambitions, and we should all be enabled to fulfill them and inspire others. Before we can achieve this, we must have the mechanisms in place to ensure that people like Katie, and all others who cannot easily express their needs and desires, are fully represented in the legal system and our society as a whole. Life can be very difficult for parents who are also careers for their severely disabled children. But that does not mean that they always know what is in the best interests of their children. For all children, independence from their parents can be a hard-won right. For disabled young people, they may need support throughout their lives to achieve this.
21. According to the passage, Katie's mother requested that her daughter ______.
A.be entitled to the same rights as non-disabled people
B.be deprived of the ability to reproduce
C.be allowed to have her own children
D.be assumed to be capable of making her decision
A B C D
B
22. It can be inferred from the passage that Judge Holmes ______.
A.approved of sterilizing mentally disabled people
B.identified with disabled people and their ambitions
C.advocated treating mentally disabled people with great caution
D.held that equal rights should be available for disabled people
A B C D
A
23. The author mentions "the medical profession" (Para. 8) in particular to ______.
A.mean that disabled people can enjoy a good quality of life with the help of doctors
B.show that doctors understand what is in the best interests of disabled people
C.reveal that doctors are reluctant to resuscitate disabled people with respiratory failure
D.emphasize that the rights of disabled people are generally not respected in our society
A B C D
D
24. According to the passage, what is important for disabled people to fulfill their ambitions?
A.Their own destiny.
B.Right support in place.
C.A devoted parent.
D.A rewarding job.
A B C D
B
25. We learn from the passage that the author is most likely ______.
A.a sociologist
B.an able-bodied person
C.a disabled person
D.a parent of a disabled child
A B C D
C
Questions 26～30 Extract 1 Henri-Lloyd, the UK sailing clothes brand, is launching a new women's fashion footwear collection. Spanning eight styles in a multitude of clearways, the collection is deemed to be modern and sporty, a bit like the brand itself. According to the company's commercial director, Graham Allen, the women's line is very much a response to consumer and retailer demand. "It is a really exciting move for us and is a natural extension of our existing men's footwear business," he says. Hailed as "essential staples in the wardrobe of any actively minded woman", the new collection is designed to encapsulate Henri-Lloyd's spirit of adventure, but with a feminine twist. The collection is designed to target a certain mindset rather than a particular demographic, and pinning the Henri-Lloyd team down to a particular age group can be tricky. The company prides itself on its pioneering styles, aiming to produce the highest quality products with strong functionality and design. Ongoing involvement with the BMW ORACLE racing team has helped cement its technical marine roots with fashion. Outside the UK, Henri-Lloyd's biggest export markets are Italy, Sweden and the USA. The brand can be found in 2,006 stores in 23 countries worldwide. Extract 2 Two important considerations when designing historical, or "period", costumes are shape and colour. Whereas it is possible to eliminate the colour aspect by designing in black, white and grey— as in the early days of television—it is impossible to create a costume which has no shape. Costumes with bad or weak shapes are all too common and it is necessary to train the eye to select what is telling and pertinent and to incorporate these elements into the design. This chapter sketches the changing shape of period clothes; but it should not be thought that the consideration of shape applies only to historical dress—it is just as important when designing a comedy horse or a spaceman's costume, neither of which are in any way related to the historical scene. The drawings I have made show people from the early medieval period to the 1930s. It must be understood that I have tried to select figures which will show fairly clearly the progression of costume style. Transitional styles—often very interesting. I fully acknowledge-have necessarily had to be left out. Change of shape is affected by the social history of the period, the availability and discovery of fabrics and the human desire for change. The period covered is indeed a large one, but it must be appreciated that in the early days fashion, and therefore shape, changed very slowly this has accelerated until today fashion changes almost yearly. Extract 3 According to UK prediction consultant Tim Harvey, "The emerging shopping culture is one that values individuality. We want things that look more distinctive and less mass-produced, that have content and meaning specific to us. " At present we can see large chain stores struggling to create an intimate space within their vast warehouse-like shopping emporiums and win back disgruntled customers. Even Clothes4U are developing a boutique-style environment, with a designer range sold in selected stores from a screened-off area. Unfortunately, a huge disparity has emerged in the levels of service. And service is where retailers can add value to the experience of shopping for clothes, because, where matters of image are concerned, buying clothes requires a certain amount of emotional involvement. More than the mere removal of garments in a cramped changing room, most of us invest the new clothes we try on with the ability to augment confidence or bolster self-esteem. Clever retailers know how potentially-therapeutic any shopping trip is and can train staff to understand the anxieties we bring to the dressing room mirror.
26. What point is being made about the new collection of shoes in Extract 1?
A.They are intended to appeal specifically to younger women.
B.They represent a departure in style from the company's clothes.
C.They fit well with the company's established image.
D.The initial idea for them came from within the company.
A B C D
C
27. What idea is repeated in Extract 1?
A.The company's clever use of technical association
B.The image of the shoes as stylish.
C.The forward-looking nature of the men's footwear line.
D.The widespread availability of the shoes.
A B C D
B
28. What point is the writer making about costume design in Extract 2?
A.Even experienced designers can make mistakes with the shape of a costume.
B.Stage costume designers should beware of using bright colours.
C.The advice given is also relevant to non-theatrical designers.
D.Shape is a potentially more important issue than colour.
A B C D
A
29. In Extract 2 the writer discusses all the following EXCEPT ______.
A.costume designs
B.transitional styles
C.change of shape
D.color aspect of clothing
A B C D
B
30. In Extract 3 the writer implies that successful clothes shops encourage their staff to ______.
A.allow customers room to make their own choices
B.show an interest in the lives of their customers
C.find a point of similarity between themselves and their customers
D.exploit their customers' anxieties
A B C D
D
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST(1) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
1. The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system. The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economy function The market's primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers; hence the "market economy" designation As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises. Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations. The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market. Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.
SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST(2) Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Speaking of the old town of Shanghai, people will invariably associate it with ancient and traditional things, such as Yu Yuan Garden built in the Ming Dynasty and the City God Temple in the Qing Dynasty. The City of Shanghai has a history of over 700 years, of which the 150 years since it was opened as a commercial port (to foreign powers) was a period of greatest cultural development (in Shanghai). During that period Shanghai witnessed a mixed population of local Chinese and foreign nationals, the building of Shikumen (stone-framed gate) houses, and the development of time-honored firms and shops.// The folk culture long prevalent in and around the old town area has been rich and colorful. The famous Picture Scroll of People and Customs in the Old Town of Shanghai vividly depicts the many facets of life of the residents living in that area. The old town of Shanghai is a compatible blend of ancient and modern civilization. Along with the rapid changes of the city with each passing day, the old town area will continue to record more glorious pages in the urban development of Shanghai.
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