the trend

[解析] 1-20
   British people arc far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution, and you'll know where the trend (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of cancer and heart disease (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a similar and a reviving jolt (3).
   Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be a long tradition (4) of a typical British family. If you are invited to an English home, at five o'clock (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily smiling hostess (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are disturbed (7) in your sweetest morning sleep, you must not say: "Go away! You deserve to be shot (8)." On the contrary, you have to declare with your best 5 o'clock smile, "Thank you very much. I do adore (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning." If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it down the wash basin (10)!
   Then, you have tea for breakfast (11); then you have tea at 11 o'clock in the morning; then after lunch (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at 11 o'clock at night (13).
   You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the following circumstances (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are exhausted (15); if you are nervous; if you are watching TV; before yon go out (16); if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea for some time (17); if you have just had a cup.
   You definitely must not follow my example (18). I sleep at 5 o'clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable cups of black coffee (19) during the day; I have the most unusual drinks (20) even at tea-time!    

cancer and heart disease

similar and a reviving jolt

a long tradition

at 5 o'clock

6 smiling hostess

disturbed

deserve to be shot

do adore

down the wash basin

tea for breakfast

then after lunch

at night

following circumstances

exhausted

before you go out

for some time

follow my example

cups of black coffee

most unusual drinks

C

[解析]
I used to watch a lot of TV, but now I can't stand it. Too many commercials made me sick. They are everywhere in every program and every channel.

C

[解析]
The flight was due at 7:30 but it was delayed one and a half hours, so I have to put off our meeting until 10: 00.

B

[解析]
As to this agreement, no questions come to my mind right now, but I'd like to read it through again before signing it.

D

[解析]
To the chairperson's surprise, better than half of the committee was absent, which accounted for her decision to call off the meeting this morning.

C

[解析]
Grocery stores and supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs may sometimes be run by the same company, but there are often differences in prices for the same product.

D

[解析]
Getting their children into college used to be the goal of millions of Americans. Nowadays, with the increasing costs of higher education, it has become an even bigger challenge.

A

[解析]
Because of the unfavorable economic situation, many liberal arts graduates will have difficulty finding employment unless they are willing to accept work outside their major interests.

D

[解析]
Good business negotiators ask a lot of questions to check understanding and they often restate what the other persons have said.

B

[解析]
To avoid misunderstanding and legal problems in the future, spoken promises are usually not enough for such an important business transaction.

B

[解析]
I really appreciate what you said and I believe you have a lot more to say on that topic. Let's explore the subject over lunch one of these days.

C

[解析] 11-14
   W. In Britain, there are four main types of secondary school, aren't there?
   M: Ah, basically, yes. There're grammar schools, vocational or technical schools and secondary modern schools and then there are comprehensive schools. In England, however, secondary schools are sometimes divided into 3 main types: Comprehensive schools which are open to all children; grammar schools which are selective and require an entrance examination; and then single-sex high schools.
   W: I must say I find your educational system rather complicated. And to make matters worse, you call your private schools pubic schools.
   M: Well, I suppose it is all rather confusing especially in England and Wales. The term public school is used for non-profit-making independent schools, and the term private schools for those that are run to make a profit. But like so many other things in Britain, our educational system is deeply rooted in tradition and yet it's changing all the time.
   W: Really? In what ways is it changing?
   M: Well, in nearly every way. For instance, there is a very strong movement now towards comprehensive schools. Will all children go for their secondary education no matter what their ability or background? There are already many of these state schools and many children are no longer tested by examination to be placed in schools according to academic ability. And then again public schools will probably become part of the state's system someday.
   W: But will the wealthy always be in a privileged position? They'll always be able to send their children to the best private schools in the country.
   M: Not necessarily. If independent schools join the state's system and we do away with the idea of grammar schools for the clever, then every child should have an equal opportunity to do well and go on to higher education.
11. According to the conversation, how many types of secondary schools are there in Britain?

B

[解析]
What is a public school in England and Wales?

A

[解析]
Which of the following reflects the way in which the British secondary education is changing?

D

[解析]
According to the man, what is the benefit if independent schools join the state system?

C

[解析] 15-18
   Although people often use the phrase "the dictionary", there are many different kinds of dictionaries, some general and some specialized. General dictionaries are all-purpose dictionaries that contain a broad range of words and common usage. The first general dictionary that you used was probably a school dictionary. These dictionaries contain relatively few words and emphasize common words that you are most likely to encounter in your school years.
   Later, most people acquire a college dictionary. These dictionaries have more than 150, 000 entries with detailed definitions that are sufficient for most college students as well as general users. They also separately list abbreviations, biographical and geographical names, foreign words and phrases and tables of measures. The Random House Websters College Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary are well-known college dictionaries.
   For scholars or researchers, un abridged dictionary provides as many as 500,000 entries that have detailed definitions and extensive word histories. You will find these dictionaries primarily in libraries and they often spend several volumes. Specialized dictionaries such as the drinking water dictionary or dictionary of legal terms are also very useful for scholars or researchers.
15. What is an all-purpose dictionary?

B

[解析]
Which dictionary are you most likely to use in your university days?

A

[解析]
Which of the following is true about the college dictionary?

D

[解析]
According to the talk, what dictionary is especially useful for scholars and researchers?

D

[解析] 19-22
   Man:    Hi, Helen. Any phone call for me while I'm away?
   Woman: No, Bill. What did you get from your lunch-break shopping?
   Man:    I've got this new pullover, but I m not sure if it really suits me. What do you think of it, Helen?
   Woman: Well, it's very nice as far as I can see, but put it on first. Then I'll tell you if it suits you. No hurry. We still have about half an hour to go before our office time.
   Man:    I tried on about a dozen. This one isn't what I wanted really.
   Woman: Why did you buy it then?
   Man:    The salesman sold it to me before I realized what had happened. He just never stopped talking and he told me some story about the latest fashion and special reductions. Before I could say anything, he'd wrapped it up and taken my money.
   Woman: Well, it doesn't look too bad. But haven't you put it on inside out and back to front?
   Man:    Inside out and back to front? Well, I can't tell the back from the front with these high-neck pullovers. I really wanted one with a V-neck.
   Woman: It's a good thing it's got sleeves at the top or you'd put it on upside down as well. Still, I think it suits you quite well.
   Man:    I went out to get a blue pullover with a V-neck, short sleeves and a pattern and I came back with a white one with a high neck, long sleeves and no pattern.
   Woman: You must be too easy to take in. You've got to learn to stand up to these high pressure salesmen. They'll sell you all sorts of things you don't want if you don't watch out.
   Man:    Next time I'll send my wife. She'll probably sell something to the salesman.
19. What has the man just done during his lunch break?

C

[解析]
Which of the following is not a salesman's strategy for selling a product?

B

[解析]
How had the man put on his pullover according to the woman?

A

[解析]
What did the man originally want to buy when he went shopping?

C

[解析] 23-26
   We may engage ourselves with music as a creator, that is a composer, or as a recreator, that is a performer, but most of us engaged ourselves with music as a receiver. That is a listener. As a listener, we respond to music with different levels of receptivity. We may be very causal and careless about the way we hear music, paying almost no attention to it. Elevator or telephone music, for example, is not meant to be listened to intently. We have all used music as background sound to create a pleasant atmosphere for our own quiet thought. On the other hand, especially when we are on the road, an easy listening station can create a dream-like haze and we may deliberately turn out the music so as to concentrate on the driving.
   However, there are other times when music is the center of our focus. And we give it our full attention. This could be in a church, at a special event or at a concert. But how are we supposed to listen and what are we supposed to listen for. Basically, there are two ways to experience music. Some people let the sounds wash over them like a sauna bath and an emotional flood. This is the sensuous level. Other listeners respond on a perceptive or analytical level, paying attention to various aspects of the music as they unfold. They listen for musical events. The first level of attending to music is purely emotive. The second analytical. Ideally, we learn to listen more perceptively in order to increase the emotional impact. As a result, the second way of perceptive or analytical listening reveals the expressive power of the music composition so that we can enjoy it more fully.
23. What role do most of us play when we engage ourselves with music?

B

[解析]
Why do we sometimes deliberately turn out the music when we are on the road?

D

[解析]
According to the talk, where is music most likely to become the center of our focus?

A

[解析]
How can we enjoy the music composition more fully?

C

[解析] 27-30
   W: Chris, when you are only in the fourth grade, you decided to dedicate your life to studying dinosaurs. Many forth-graders are fascinated with dinosaurs, but they grow up to be police officers, doctors or lawyers. What inspired you at such an early age to choose the study of dinosaurs as your life career.
   M: Actually it was a magazine, the September 7th, 1963 issue of Life magazine with dinosaurs on the cover. I still have the magazine today. I was visiting my grandfather's house and this magazine was sitting on the porch table. I opened it up and found not just fantastic pictures of dinosaurs, early reptiles and sea monster, but an article entitled the Pageant of Life. It was the story of how evolution works. It was wonderful. What got me was not just that dinosaurs were near and grotesque but that they were part of a much bigger history, a Greek historical story. So in the fourth grade, in 1964 I announced to my parents that I spend the rest of my life studying dinosaurs. And my parents nodded their heads and said "That's nice, dear. It's a stage. You'll grow out of it."
   W: But you didn't grow out of that stage, did you?
   M: No, I often wonder why most people cannot maintain their first love with nature, with dinosaurs or elephants or whales. You take any kid to a zoo or museum, and they'll be captivated by what they see. But that captivation dies away in high school. Why? Think part of it that the adult world tells kids, "Hey, to like zoos or museums is childish thing. You shouldn't like them. Be interested in dating and cars or making money." So they have lost their sense of wonder at nature. Nevertheless, you'll find a lot of adults enjoying taking their kids to the museums to look at dinosaurs.
   W: You're involved with many aspects of education and educational programs, and you lecture to groups of students all over the country. What are the most common questions the students ask you?
   M: They often ask about the Loch Ness monster in Scotland. They ask "Is there any possibility of their still being a living dinosaur? No, for the following reason. You could hide one monster in Loch Ness, it's a deep enough lake. But you could not hide a breeding population of monsters. If you want to preserve a species, you need a minimum of 500 so that they can breed every generation and can have enough diversity in their genes so that they can keep on going. You can't hide 500 or 600 monsters because there'll always be death. Dead animals float to the surface of lakes or swamps. They get washed up onshore. And someone is going to find them.
27. According to the man, what inspired him to dedicate his life to studying dinosaurs?

A

[解析]
Which of the following is considered to be childish by the adult world?

D

[解析]
What mistaken idea do many people have about the Loch Ness monster in Scotland?

B

[解析]
What reason does the man give to deny the existence of a living monster in Loch Ness?

昨天我们过得很愉快。我们先去了情人港(达令港)吃午饭，然后开车去悉尼兜风，看了看这个城市。

[解析]
We had a great time yesterday. We went to the Darling Harbor where we had lunch, and then we drove around Sydney and saw a bit of the city.

[解析] 较容易抓住首句，故写出大意不难。Darling Harbor是本句的难点，索性音译为达令港也能算对，关键是要了解悉尼有个情人港。

中国经济明年预计增长超过8%，大多数投资专家都对这种形势表示非常乐观。

[解析]
Most experts on investment are very optimistic about China's economy next year, which is predicted to have a growth rate of over 8%.

[解析] 只要抓住关键词optimistic和8%就大概可以把大意翻出来了，加上investment，next year等细节就可以轻松拿高分了。

尽管周边环境拥挤，工作时间过长，带来很大压力，但日本的男性普遍寿命都达到75岁，而女性平均寿命达81岁。

[解析]
Despite the pressures of overcrowding and long working hours, the Japanese men can expect to live for as long as 75 years, while women reach an average age of 81 years.

[解析] 难度在第一句中的两个细节overcrowding，long working hours，其实后面两句的事实信息，包括数字，都不难掌握，如果能掌握好despite一词，合理推断，就可以得出第一句应该是表示“不利于长寿”的因素。

虽然工程师们无法确定新计划是否奏效，但至少书面上看来是个解决问题的好方案。

[解析]
Although the engineers could not be certain that the new plan would work, it seemed like a good solution to the problem, at least on paper.

[解析] 关键词汇：certain：确定；solution：解决方案。难点在于第一个句子从句的理解，如果能把work这个词翻译好的话，这句话也就能理解了。

多数美国高中生考试作弊。在我们最近调查的八干名学生中，70%，的学生承认在最近一学年中至少有过一次作弊。

[解析]
Many US high school students cheat on examinations. In our recent survey of 8,000 students, 70% admitted cheating on at least one test in the current school year.

[解析] 关键词cheat必须抓住，否则会出现全句大意错误。后面的调查数字还是证明cheating这一现象在美国高中的普遍存在，注意记下细节数字8000和70%即可拿下这个句子。

自父母离异后，我从一个娇生惯养的孩子，转变成了一个通情达理的大学生。父母离异前，我指望着母亲服侍我。她为我洗衣、做饭、洗碗，甚至为我铺床。我15岁时父亲离开了我们，之后一切都变了。母亲找了份全职工作供养我们，我成了家里有时间做家务的人。另外，我在周末兼职挣零花钱。虽然生活艰难，但我很庆幸自己已不再娇生惯养。

[解析]
Since my parents divorce, I have changed from a spoiled child to a reasonably normal college student. Before the divorce, I expected my mother to wait on me. She did my laundry, cooked, and cleaned up after meals, and even made my bed. My father left when I was 15, and things changed. When Mom got a fulltime job to support us, I was the one with the free time to do housework. Also, I got a part-time job on weekends to earn my own spending money. It was hard, but I'm glad not be that spoiled kid anymore.

[解析] 本段的关键还是在于抓住第一句并合理利用结构。首句开宗明义，“父母离婚后，我发生了很大变化”，下文自然会进行父母离婚前后的情况对比。下面就是一些细节的记录，比如洗衣服，做饭，洗碗等。中间"My father left when 1 was 15，and things changed．”这句作前后过渡，引出下面的改变。注意最后一句也可以利用好but一词，前面说it was hard，but引出与hard相反的意思。

与政府存在合约关系的美国公司经常面临这样的选择，究竟购买价格昂贵的本土产品，还是价格低廉的外来产品。如果公司选择购买本土产品，可能会因为未能把价格压低而激怒纳税人。但如果购买外来产品，则可能让美国工人面临失业危机。最近，美国国会通过法律，勒令与政府签过合同的美国公司优先考虑购买本国产品和服务。

[解析]
American companies under ,government contract are often faced with the choice of buying American- made goods, which are expensive, and foreign-made goods, which are cheap. If the company buys American goods, it may anger taxpayers by failing to keep prices low. But if it buys foreign goods, it may endanger the jobs of American workers. Recently, Congress has passed a law compelling American companies with government contracts to give preference to domestic goods and services.

[解析] 本段难度较大，除了关键词汇：taxpayer，Congress，compelling，preference等难词之外，还有一个原因是话题对于很多学生来说不是很熟悉。如果首句under government contract不知道是什么意思，就把重点放在choice后面，这样本段就不难了，“购买本国产品和外国产品的各自利弊”。it may anger taxpayers一句中有一个读音的难点，即by failing to keep prices low，学生很容易会把failing听成 feeling，造成理解错误，主要原因还是因为对fail to这个结构的实际运用不够熟练。

B

[解析] 这是道主旨题。本篇文章讲的是美国的司法体系是如何在每个步骤中保护公民权利的。B是指美国司法体系是设计成保护人们权利的体系。文中第一段就说明这个问题。“The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people．”(指美国司法体系是设计成保护人们权利的体系。)

D

[解析] 这是道上下文理解题。文中第一段的“According to American law，if someone is accused of a crime，he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty．In other words，it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty．”(根据美国法律，如果某人被指控犯罪了，他在被法院裁定为犯罪之前都是无罪的)。in other words的意思是换句话说，也就是说，那么下面的句子一般是对前句话的陈述。

D

[解析] 这是道细节题。第三段中的“If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example，because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free．”如果嫌疑犯没有前科，法官觉得他会回到法庭来，而不是逃之天夭的话，就可以放走他，等到辩护的时候再回来，所以选D。B错在不是法官觉得他没罪。

C

[解析] 这是道细节题。解题句是文中的第三段句子“If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example，because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free．Otherwise，the suspect must put up bail．”(如果嫌疑犯没有前科而法官觉得他会回到法庭来而不是逃之夭夭的话——例如，他有房子或者家庭——就可以释放他了。)可以看出当法官不能确定这个人是否会回来时，就会采取保释的方法，目的是为了能确保让他回来上法庭打官司。故选C。

A

[解析] 这其实是道细节题。从文中的最后一段的第一句“The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly．However，every step is designed to protect the rights of the people．These individual rights are the basis，or foundation，of the American government．”(美国的司法体系很复杂而且开庭可能需要很长时间准备，但是每一个步骤都是为了保护人权。这些个人权利是美国政府的基础和根基。)可以确定A是正确答案。

A

[解析] 这是道细节题。文中第一段最后一句和第二段第一句回答了这个问题。“How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense? One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention.”(怎么让你发明的东西不被他人盗取呢，不为他人谋利呢？保护你的利益的第一步就是为你的发明申请专利。)人们申请专利的目的就是保护自己的想法或者产品不被他人盗窃。故选A。

B

[解析] 这是道词义辨析题。关于词义辨析题目，如果考生对这个单词比较熟悉的话，便可以直接找到答案，这样可以节省时间。如果考生对这个单词不熟悉的话，可以根据上下文来理解。倒数第二段的“from start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost ￡165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild”，brain-children是指脑力劳动产品，这里是指发明家通过脑力劳动取得的东西，也就发明的东西，故选B。

D

[解析] 这是道细节题。文中看出他们共同的特点就是都受专利保护的。从文中第五段“File after file， catalogue after catalogue，detail the brain-children of inventors down the centuries，from a 1600's machine gun designed to fire square bullets at infidels and round ones at Christians, to present-day laser，nuclear and computer technology．”(无数的档案和目录详细地记载了几个世纪以来发明家们发明的东西，从17世纪的用正方形子弹的机关枪以及公元时期的圆形子弹到今天的激光，核能以及电脑技术。)故选D。

B

[解析] 这是道细节题。从第六段的“The first 'letters patent' were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam．”(第一个字母专利早在1449年就已经发给了一个叫犹太南的比利时手工艺人。当时是由亨利六世批准并允许他把这种制作褪色玻璃窗的技术用到国内，从而把这种窗户安装在爱顿学院。)可以确定B是正确的。B的意思是说他是第一个得到官方专利的人。

C

[解析] 这是道细节题。看似让你来表达观点，其实是一个细节题。从文章倒数第二段来看，“From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost ￡165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild．That's if he's lucky．By no means all who apply to the Patent Office，which is a branch of the Department of Trade，get a patent．”(需要花两年半时间来申请165英镑。这已经是幸运的，不是谁申请谁都能成功的。)申请一个专利并不贵，也不是不可能，但是要花较长的时间并且不是每个申请的人都能获得，故选C。

B

[解析] 这是道细节题。从文章第一段的“the temperature surrounding the colony of insects Will rise so that,not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat．”(昆虫周围的温度会上升，这使得那些被损坏的谷物不仅仅是被昆虫直接攻击所导致，而更多的是被热度损坏的。)容易混淆的是第一段的“If they are stored in a bin thus，there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects．”(如果他们被储藏在桶里的话，就会有足够的湿气来滋养好几种不同的昆虫。)所以选B。

D

[解析] 这是道细节题。这道题目容易混淆的是第六段的“The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutions commonly called'brine'does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying”(通过把食物挑出来放在很浓的盐里面用来烘干食物的技术一般称为腌食物。这种方法对蛋白质的伤害要小，反而是直接烘干尤其是直接放在
高温度下烘干对蛋白质的伤害更大。)但是这和第三个选项还不是一个意思，第三个选项“condemn”(谴责)还是不一样的，故选D可以看出作者并不是很赞成直接烘干食物。

C

[解析] 这是道细节题。从第六段的“The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutions commonly called'brine'does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying．”(通过把食物挑出来放在很浓的盐里面用来烘干食物的技术一般称为腌食物。这种方法对蛋白质的损害要小，反而是直接烘干尤其是直接放在高温下烘干对蛋白质的损害更大。)可以看出是对蛋白质造成破坏从而导致鱼或者肉很干。故选C。

B

[解析] 这是道细节题。这道题目需要注意的是考题出的比较有技巧。这道题目问的是从句里面的内容，问腌制食品使用的方法是什么？从文中最后一段整段话来看，腌制东西时也是把食物的水分去掉从而保持食物，文中最后一段指出和直接晒干保存食物的方法相比，这种方法对食品的蛋白质损害更小，而且不像直接烘干的那样，这样还有一个好处就是全面干，不仅仅是表面干。所以这道题目的答案是B。

A

[解析] 这是道细节题。从最后一段的“It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion．”(正是这个原因，许多典型的烘干过程没有坚持到最后)这句话中的this reason就是指前文的所谓对蛋白质进行的损坏。“The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutions commonly called 'brine' does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying，particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures．”(通过把食物挑出来放在很浓的盐里面用来烘干食物的技术一般称为腌食物。这种方法对蛋白质的损害要小，反而是直接烘干尤其是直接放在高温下烘干对蛋白质的损害更大。)所以选A。

C

[解析] 这是道细节题。从文章第一段可以看出自动化的目标就是减少劳动力。“Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but， on the contrary，one which could by a single action replace a thousand men．”(我们的目标不是要设计一种体制来做人的上千种不同的行为，而是要让一个简单的动作来代替一千个人。)故选C。

A

[解析] 这是道细节题。从倒数第三段的这句话就可以看出电脑的最大优势就是速度极快。“The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort．”(和人类无助的努力相比，现代计算机的主要优点是它有超快的速度。)故选A。

B

[解析] 这是道细节题。从倒数第二段的“One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers．”(社会快速引入电脑自动化所带来最急切的问题之一是如何填补那些取代了人类工作的机器所剩出来的时间。问题不仅仅是填补空余的时间，而且是如何利用那些剩余的即将释放的人的能量。)可以看出自动化的快速发展带来的最急切的问题就是给人们带来了很多空余的时间和剩余的能量。故选B。

D

[解析] 这是道词义辨析题。stint是指连续不断的干某一件事情，如果考生知道这个单词的意思便可直接找到答案，如果不知道这个词的意思，可以通过上下文来理解。原文最后一段的“How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour?”四五个小时连续工作之后他怎么打发闲暇时间呢？故选D。

D

[解析] 这是道细节题，所谓判断下面哪个是正确的同时也可以用排除法，也就是找到其他选项是错误的。这道题从最后一段可以看出答案是第四个。“While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs．”(同时自动化可以毫无疑问地做掉一大堆令人讨厌的工作)。D选项几乎和文中的话是一样的，只不过用了另外一个动词：eliminate：去掉，干掉。故选D。

B

[解析] 这是道细节题。这道题需要注意的是题目问的是除了……之外，所以要找的答案其实是不属于的那个。从文章第一段可以看出B不在答案之列。“The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead；copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone．”从这句话可以看出没有提到过wood。

A

[解析] 从文章的第一段第二句可以看出答案是A。“For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces，rather than pipes．Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics，for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter．”(也许这种选择是出于经济考虑，因为很显然他们用铅来做可以把直径做到15英寸那么宽。)为了更经济，也就是更便宜。故选A。

D

[解析] 这是一道词义分析题。grace作动词用的意思是使什么更有吸引力，故选D。“The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found．”那些留下来的还是让罗马和欧洲其他地方的天际显得更有吸引力。A的意思是令人讨厌的，B是神圣的，C是有用的，D是有吸引力的。

A

[解析] 这是道细节题。倒数第二段的“did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section．”(在公元100年都没有完全认识到要测量水在通道的水流量，必须要知道水流的速度和水流经过的面积有多大。)从这句话可以看出要算出水流的量需要知道流速以及面积。故选A。

C

[解析] 这是一篇主旨题。主旨题需要考生通读整篇文章，可以通过浏览或者快速阅读看出本篇文章主要讲什么内容。本文主要讲的是古罗马的水力系统，所以选C。hydraulic：水利的意思。A是指经典的科学成就，B是指希腊水系统的理论，D讲的是早期欧洲建筑设计，显然这篇文章讲的是水利系统，故选C。

D

[解析] 这是道细节题。从第一段话“Every day of our lives we are in danger of instant death from small high-speed missiles from space—the lumps of rocky or metallic debris which continuously bombard the Earth．”(我们的生活受到太空的一些快速导弹的影响，从而使得我们生活处于危险期。)可以看出本篇文章主要是讲太空的一些东西对地球生命带来的危险。而这里不断轰炸我们的是来自太空的一些石头而且速度飞快，故选D。

C

[解析] 这是道词义辨析题。第二段的“At night this extraterrestrial material can be seen as 'fireballs' or 'shooting stars'，burning their way through our atmosphere．Most，on reaching our atmosphere，become completely vaporised．”(晚上这种天外的东西经常被看成是在我们的大气中烧过的火球或者流星。但是他们大部分在到达我们大气层时就完全气化了。)从这句话可以看出，许多地球外的东西在碰到大气时就完全气化了，所以选C。

D

[解析] 这是道细节题。从第三段的“It was thought that once in space they would be seriously damaged as a result of the incessant downpour of meteorites falling towards our planet at the rate of many millions every day．”(曾经人们认为，在太空它们会被每天以百万计不停落在地球上的陨石严重破坏。)可以看出是被陨石所破坏从而不能在地球外生存，故选D。D是指人们相信太空飞船会被陨星破坏。

B

[解析] 这是道细节题。从文章第三段的“The greatest single potential danger to life on Earth undoubtedly comes from outside our planet．Collision with another astronomical body of any size or with a 'black hole' could completely destroy the Earth almost instantly．”(对地球生活造成最大毁坏的潜在威胁毫无疑问来自星球之外。和任何大小的天文体或者黑洞发生碰撞都将立刻把我们的地球毁于一旦。)知道答案应该是第二个，和天文体相撞。

A

[解析] 这是一个全文细节题。所谓全文细节题就是需要考生在仔细阅读全文找到关键句子之后才能回答，有时还没有具体的关键句子，需要自己通过整篇文章的阅读理解才能判断哪个是正确的。做这类题型可以用排除法。B错因为不是比自己星球更小，而是更大或者一样大。C和D都是几率很小，不是很大。故选A。