Cloze Test Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling. 1 of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless 2 on God's earth. What we should 3 at producing is men who 4 both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start 5 , and their culture will lead them as 6 as philosophy and as high as 7 . We have to remember that the valuable 8 development is self-development, and that it 9 takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve. In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must 10 of what I will call "inert ideas"—that is to say, ideas that are merely 11 into the mind without being 12 , or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations. In the history of education, the most 13 phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a 14 generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overladen with inert ideas. Except at 15 intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically 16 with inert ideas. That is the reason why 17 clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible 18 of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity 19 greatness has been a 20 protest against inert ideas.
1.
A.Chips
B.Scraps
C.Fractions
D.Plates
A B C D
B
[解析] “碎片”。scrap意为“碎片、零屑、小块”，常含有“废品、破烂”的意味，常用于短语“scraps of”中。根据原文：“have nothing to do with it”，可见这种零碎的信息是无用的、废弃的信息，所以选择“scrap of”。而A选项“chip指从木头、玻璃、石头等物质上削下或碰下来的碎片，体积很小”，C选项“碎片，小部分，一点儿；分数”，D选项“plate多指面积大的，薄而平的金属板或玻璃板，常作建筑材料，机器部件或保护物。”均不符合题意。
[解析] “aim at doing目的在于；旨在”。本题考查词组搭配。根据原文第一句“Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling”形成一种呼应，进一步论证学习文化的目的。而A选项“point at/to指向，表明”，C选项“抓住，攫住，掌握”；clutch at“企图抓住”D选项“snap out of迅速从……中恢复过来；snap up抢购；抢先弄到手”均不符合题意。
[解析] “大部分；主要地”。根据本句中的“between the age of sixteen and thirty”以及第三段的“in middle life so much the most...”，可见这种情况“大多数”发生在16岁到30岁之间。而D选项“at random随便地；任意地”，C选项“很少；不常”，D选项“定期地；有规则地”均不符合题意。
The great chariot of society, which for so long had run down the gentle slope of tradition, now found itself powered by an internal combustion engine. Transactions and gain 21 a new and startling 22 force. What forces could have been 23 powerful to smash a comfortable and 24 world and institute in its place this new society? There was no single massive 25 . It was not great events, single adventures, individual laws, or charming 26 which 27 about the economic revolution. It was a process of internal growth. First, there was the gradual emergence of national political 28 in Europe. A second great current of change was to be found in the slow decay of the religious spirit under the 29 of the skeptical, inquiring, humanist views of the Italian Renaissance. Still another 30 current lies in the slow social changes that eventually 31 the market system possible. In the 32 of this change, power naturally began to gravitate into the hands of those who understood money matters-the merchants. Perhaps most important of all in the pervasiveness of its effect was a rise in scientific curiosity. 33 the world would wait until the age of Adam Smith for its 34 burst of technology, the Industrial Revolution could net have taken place had not the ground been prepared 35 a succession of basic sub-industrial discoveries. No single one of these currents, acting by itself, could have turned society 36 . Indeed, many of them may have been as much the 37 as the causes of a great convulsion in human organization. History turns no 38 corners, and the whole vast upheaval sprawled out over time. Evidences of the market way of life sprang up side by side with older traditional ways, and remnants of the former day 39 long after the market had for all practical purposes taken over the 40 principle of economic organization.
Consumers and producers obviously make decisions that mold the economy, but there is a third major 41 to consider the role of government. Government has a powerful 42 on the economy in at least four ways: Direct Services. The postal system, for example, is a federal system 43 the entire nation, as is the large and complex establishment. Conversely, the construction and 44 of most highways the 45 of the individual states, and the public educational systems, despite a large funding role by the federal government, are primarily 46 for by country or city governments. Police and fire protection and sanitation 47 are also the responsibilities of local government. Regulation and Control. The government regulates and controls private 48 in many ways, for the 49 of assuring that business serves the best 50 of the people as a whole. Regulation is necessary in areas where private enterprise is granted a 51 , such as in telephone or electric service. Public policy permits such companies to make a reasonable 52 , but limits their ability to raise prices 53 , since the public depends on their services. Often control is 54 to protect the public, as for example, when the Food and Drug Administration bans harmful drugs, or requires standards of 55 in food. In other industries, government sets guidelines to ensure fair competition without using direct control. Stabilization and Growth. Branches of government, including Congress and such entities as the Federal Reserve Board. attempt to control the extremes of boom and bust, of inflation and depression, by 56 tax rates, the money supply, and the use of credit. They can also 57 the economy through changes in the amount of public spending by the government itself. Direct Assistance. The government provides many kinds of help to 58 and individuals. For example, tariffs 59 certain products to remain relatively free of foreign competition; imports are sometimes taxed so that American products are able to 60 better with certain foreign goods. In quite a different area, government supports individuals who cannot adequately care for themselves, by making grants to working parents with dependent children, by providing medical care For the aged and the indigent, and through social welfare system.
41.
A.economy
B.horror
C.magnifier
D.element
A B C D
D
[解析] A项意为“经济，节约”；B项意为“惊骇，恐怖”；C项意为“放大镜，放大器”；D项意为“要素，元素，成分”。文章在开头已经指出了消费者和生产者对经济有决定作用，而“the role of government”显然应该说是影响经济的第3个因素。故本题答案为D。
42.
A.elevation
B.emotion
C.effect
D.election
A B C D
C
[解析] have a effect on意为“对……有影响”，文中此处说的是对经济的影响。本题考查的是固定词组的搭配。故本题答案为C。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题