[考点] 本题考查数据结构基础知识。 [解析] 栈是后进先出的线性数据结构。若进栈的元素序列是X、Y、Z,则每个元素进栈后即位于栈顶,此时即可出栈,就可以得到出栈序列X Y Z;如果X进栈后即可出栈、Y进栈后不出栈,而是等Z进展并出栈后再出栈,就可得到出栈序列X Z Y;若X进栈后不出栈,待Y进栈并出栈、Z进栈并出栈后再出栈,则可得到出栈序列Y Z X;若Z最先出栈,此时X和Y还在栈中,由于Y后进栈,因此Y在栈顶,此时只能Y出栈后X再出栈,因此仅能得到出栈序列ZYX,无法得到ZXY。
[考点] 本题考查安全电子邮箱服务方面的基础知识。 [解析] SSL协议位于TCP/IP协议与各种应用层协议之间,为数据通信提供安全支持。使用SSL的方式发送邮件,会对发送的信息进行加密,增加被截取信息的破解难度。 HTTPS(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer或Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure,超文本传输安全协议),是以安全为目标的HTTP通道,即HTTP下加入SSL层。 MIME(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,多用途互联网邮件扩展类型)是一个互联网标准,扩展了电子邮件标准,使其能够支持:非ASCII字符文本,非文本格式附件(二进制、声音、图像等),由多部分(multiple parts)组成的消息体,包含非ASCII字符的头信息(Header information)。 PGP(Pretty Good Privacy,优良保密协议)是一个基于RSA公匙加密体系的邮件加密软件。可以用它对邮件保密以防止非授权者阅读,还能对邮件加上数字签名从而使收信人可以确认邮件的发送方。 基于上述分析,只有MIME与电子邮箱服务的安全无关。
某企业人事管理系统中有如下关系模式,员工表Emp(eno,ename,age,sal,dname),属性分别表示员工号、员工姓名、年龄、工资和部门名称;部门表Dept(dname,phone),属性分别表示部门名称和联系电话。需要查询其他部门比销售部门(Sales)所有员工年龄都要小的员工姓名及年龄,对应的SQL语句如下: SELECT ename, age FROM Emp WHERE age ______ (SELEC age FROM Emp WHERE dname='Sales') AND ______;
The entity-relationship(E-R) data model is based on a perception of a real world that consists of a collection of basic objects, called 71 , and of relationships among theseobjects. An entity is a "thing" or "object" in the real world that is distinguishable from other objects. Entities are described in a database by a set of 72 . A relationship is an association among several entities. The set of all entities of the same type and the set of all relationships of the same type are termed an entity set and relationship set, respectively.The overall logical structure (schema) of a database can be expressed graphically by an E-R diagram, which is built up from the following components: 73 represent entity set, 74 represent attributes, etc. In addition to entities and relations, the E-R model represents certain 75 to which the contents of a database must conform. The entity-relationship model is widely used in database design.