1. Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Changes of English Test in Gaokao. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Outlines are given below in Chinese: 1．从2016年起，高考的英语科考试将发生变化。单次考试将改为多次；据说分值也可能从150分降低到100分； 2．此消息引起广泛关注，引发各种猜测； 3．你对此的看法。
[高分作文]
Changes of English Test in Gaokao
English, which has been one of the core subjects in China's National College Entrance Exam (Gaokao, for short) for almost 30 years, will have a significance change from 2016. The shocking news arouses wide public concern. How is the change? It's reported that the current English test is to be replaced by social English tests available to the public for more than once every year. That's to say, every high-school student is entitled to attend the test a few times each year. The highest score will be recorded as the final score in Gaokao. Besides, the full mark of English test will also be lowered from 150 at present to 100. This has brought about rumors sweeping online that English might be removed altogether from Gaokao and the importance of English course is reduced accordingly. However, it's not the case. As the globalization has been deepening, it's vital for China to go further into the international stage. English is the most widely-used language in the world, which is a crucial and helpful tool for China to achieve its dream of development, so it can not and will not be removed. In my eyes, those changes about English test in Gaokao aim primarily to offer students more chances to give off their best in English. Moreover, having more chances to attend the test is to reduce students' high tension, but not to reduce the importance of English course. All in all, it's indeed so lucky for those students to meet changes of English test. I'm convinced that it will spur another craze for English learning!
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.
B.They tried to prevent the disease out of the capital.
C.They held a public movement on hygiene information.
D.They boosted the accuracy and promptness of their report.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] Health officials in Haiti say nearly 300 people are now known to have died in a cholera outbreak in the country. Although the number of new cases has slowed, hundreds more infections were reported on Tuesday. The UN and aid agencies are boosting prevention efforts in and around the capital, Port-au-Prince, with a public information campaign on hygiene. Experts say that after a long absence from Haiti, the disease could now "settle" and become a local disease. The UN said 25 more people had died of the disease on Tuesday, bringing the total to 284. A total of 3612 cases have been reported. Health experts say they expect the outbreak will soon lessen but the disease will eventually join malaria and tuberculosis, becoming a local disease in Haiti.
What did the UN and aid agencies do for the disease?
2.
A.It's the first time that the disease has broken out in Haiti.
B.The death rate of the disease is too high.
C.Death number will keep increasing for a long time.
D.The disease could join other local diseases in Haiti.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] What can be inferred from the health experts?
Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.
A.The children of the international diplomatic corps.
B.The program of International Baccalaureate schools
C.The school district in the suburb of Detroit, Michigan.
D."Mother Earth" class in IB elementary schools.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] International Baccalaureate schools began decades ago as a way to teach the globe-trotting children of the international diplomatic corps. Now, IB schools welcome all kinds of children. The program combines what are considered to be the best teaching techniques, a rigorous curriculum stressing writing and analysis, and an international perspective. The goal is to develop involved, articulate global citizens. Bloomfield Hills is a wealthy suburb of Detroit, Michigan. The school district here has set up an International Baccalaureate program at Lone Pine Elementary. At IB elementary schools, subjects like math and reading are not taught separately. Subject areas are integrated, so lessons in "Mother Earth" class, for example, cover vocabulary, literature, history, and ecology. The program also breaks down the proverbial classroom wall. Teachers are required to compare notes and plan classes together. That's a "best practice" that IB schools adopted because it develops teachers' skills.
What does this news item mainly deal with?
4.
A.Subject areas are separated.
B.Classes are held in the open air.
C."Mother Earth" class covers math.
D.Teachers prepare classes together.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] What can we know about the IB elementary schools?
Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.
[听力原文] People all over the world love to talk about the weather. Today, we talk about expressions that come from extreme winter weather. Winters in the northern United States are cold and snowy. Sometimes, the snows come with extremely strong winds. These snowstorms are called blizzards. It is difficult to see through the fast blowing snow of a blizzard. So, they are often described as blinding. The first such use was in 1870. An especially violent and heavy snowstorm struck the state of Iowa. This storm was the worst winter storm in a long time. A newspaper editor in a small Iowa town called the terrible storm a blizzard. Even though blizzards can be dangerous, some people still enjoy the excitement caused by this extreme weather. But no one likes to be snowed. Snow as a verb means to tell someone many pleasant but false statements. This action is also called a snow job. If someone tries to snow you, you could say they are being cold, meaning their actions are rough, mean or unfeeling.
Which word is used to describe the snow of a blizzard?
6.
A.In 1870.
B.In 1817.
C.In 1807.
D.In 1877.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] When does the first use of the word "blizzard" begin?
7.
A.To tell someone something true.
B.To tell someone something pleasant.
C.To tell someone some pleasant but false statements.
D.To tell someone some beautiful and happy things.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] What does the phrase "snow job" mean in the passage?
Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[听力原文] W: Excuse me, could I ask you some questions? M: Of course. W: I work for an advertising agency, and I'm doing some research. It's a new magazine for people like you. M: People like me? What do you mean? W: Well, people between 25 and 35 years old. M: OK. W: Right. Era, what do you do at the weekend? M: Well, on Fridays my wife always goes to her exercise class. Then she visits friends. W: Don't you go out? M: Not on Fridays. I never go out on Fridays. I stay at home and watch television. W: And on Saturdays? M: On Saturdays, my wife and I always go sailing together. W: Really? M: Era, we love it. We never miss it. And then in the evening we go out. W: Where to? M: Different places. We sometimes go and see friends. We sometimes go to the cinema or a restaurant. But we always go out on Saturday evenings. W: I see. And now on Sunday, what happens on Sundays? M: Nothing special. We often go for a walk, and I always cook a big Sunday lunch. W: Oh! How often do you do the cooking? M: Em, twice a week, three times a week. W: Thank you very much. All I need now are your personal details: your name, your job, and so on. What's your surname? M: Robinson.
What is the main purpose of the research?
2.
A.He goes to exercise classes.
B.He goes sailing.
C.He goes to the cinema.
D.He stays at home.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] What does the man do on Fridays?
3.
A.Friday.
B.Saturday.
C.Sunday.
D.Any weekday.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] On which day does the couple always go out?
4.
A.Surname.
B.Job title.
C.Address.
D.Age.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] Which personal detail does the man give?
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[听力原文] W: Sorry, I'm late. The train was delayed. I got stuck on the platform for about 20 minutes. M: Yeah, it happens from time to time. How are you finding the commuting anyway? W: Well, it's a shock to the system to be honest. Last night I was coming home from the office, and I got caught in the mad rash in Shibuya. It was unbelievable, everyone jammed in like sardines. M: Yeah, and then just when you think there's no way anyone else could fit on, five more people barge through! W: I've got a hand IT to the train companies though. Whoever devised the schedules is a genius. It's amazing how different trains arrive at the same time for people to change. M: I know. Back home, 20 minutes late for a train is pretty standard! W: So what do you do to take your mind off things on the train? I tried to read a book, but I couldn't turn the page—not enough space! M: I usually listen to music, it helps block out everything. But if I'm really tired, I tend to just nod off for a few minutes. W: Isn't that a bit risky? You don't wanna miss your stop. M: You watch the businessmen do it. They have it done to an art form. They'll wake up just before their stop. W: I'm afraid if I close my eyes, I won't be waking up so quickly!
How long did the man get stuck on the platform?
6.
A.Because she thinks there's no way anyone else could fit on.
B.Because she thinks that 20 minutes late for a train is pretty standard.
C.Because she finds that it's hard to find the commuting.
D.Because she was shocked by the complicated Schedules.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Why does the woman think that the person who designed the schedules is a genius?
7.
A.Read a book.
B.Play Game Boy.
C.Listen to music.
D.Chat with others.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] What does the man do on the train?
8.
A.Because she may lose her belongings.
B.Because she may miss the stop.
C.Because it's harmful to her health.
D.Because there is no space to turn over.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] Why does the woman think it's risky to sleep on the train?
Section C Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.It's the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment.
B.It's the production of new industrial goods.
C.It's increased amounts of a natural substance.
D.It's our ever-increasing population.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man's release of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from oil tankers into the sea. Whatever its reasons are, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home, there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only not to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.
What's the main cause of pollution?
2.
A.Air and water pollution.
B.Both a litter problem and a waste of resources.
C.To pay for the service.
D.To produce the receipt.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] What can food packages, bottles and tins for drinks cause?
3.
A.Cutting out unnecessary buying.
B.Eating less.
C.Reducing excess use.
D.Carefully disposing our daily products.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] Which of the following cannot help solving the problem of pollution?
Passage Two Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.It is a method often used by people who cannot speak.
B.It can tell something that words cannot express.
C.It can be used to talk with people who cannot hear.
D.It is less used than words.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] Nonverbal communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry. For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North American to be "cold" or "distant" because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to. The "eye contact" provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don't like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about. On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling with little apparent reasons often makes us uneasy.
Which of the following about nonverbal communication is true?
2.
A.Less eye contact suggests distance in relation.
B.The longer one looks at you, the more interest he has in you.
C.There is more eye contact between people who like each other.
D.Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Which of the following is not true?
3.
A.It is a sign of one's friendliness.
B.It is a sign of one's unfriendliness.
C.It makes people feel happy.
D.It makes people feel uncomfortable.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] How do people think about constant smiling without apparent reason?
Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[听力原文] Although most universities in the United States are on a semester system, which offers classes in the fall and spring, some schools observe a quarter system comprised of fall, winter, spring, and summer quarters. The academic year, September to June, is divided into three quarters of eleven weeks each beginning in September, January, and March; the summer quarter, June to August, is composed of shorter sessions of varying length. There are several advantages and disadvantages to the quarter system. On the plus side, students who wish to complete their degrees in less than the customary four years may take advantage of the opportunity to study year round by enrolling in all four quarters. In addition, although most students begin their programs in the fall quarter, they may enter at the beginning of any of the other quarters. Finally, since the physical facilities are kept in operation year round, the resources are used efficiently to serve the greatest number of students. But there are several disadvantages as well. Many faculties complain that the eleven-week term is simply not long enough for them to cover the material required by most college courses. Students also find it difficult to complete the assignments in such a short period of time. In order to combine the advantages of the quarter system with those of the semester system, some colleges and universities have instituted a three-term trimester system. In fourteen weeks, faculty and students have more time to cover material and finish course requirements, but the additional term provides more options for admission during the year and accelerates the degree programs.
Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
2.
A.Four regular terms.
B.Three regular terms and one summer term.
C.Two regular terms and two summer terms.
D.One regular term and three summer terms.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] How many terms are there in a quarter system?
3.
A.September.
B.Summer semester only.
C.At the beginning of any quarter.
D.At the beginning of the academic year.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] When may students begin studying in a school that uses a quarter system?
4.
A.They allow students to graduate early.
B.They provide more options for admission.
C.They are long enough to cover the course material.
D.They last eleven weeks.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] Which of the following characteristics does not apply to trimesters?
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Hearing the name of an object appears to influence whether or not we see it, suggesting that hearing and vision might be even more intertwined than previously thought. Studies suggest that words and images are 1 coupled. What is not clear, says Gary Lupyan of the University of Wisconsin in Madison, is whether language and 2 work together to help you 3 what you're seeing, or whether words can actually change what you see. Lupyan and Emily Ward of Yale University used a technique called continuous flash suppression (CFS) on 20 volunteers to test whether a spoken prompt could make them detect an image that they were not 4 aware they were seeing. CFS works by 5 different images to the right and left eyes: one eye might be shown a simple shape or an animal, 6 the other is shown visual "noise". The noise monopolizes (垄断) the brain, leaving so little processing power for the other image, making it 7 . In a similar experiment, the team found that volunteers were more likely to detect specific 8 if asked about them. For example, asking "Do you see a square?" made it more likely than that they would see a hidden 9 but not a hidden circle. James McClelland of Stanford University in California, who was not 10 in the work, thinks it is an important study. It suggests that sight and language are intertwined, he says. A. visible F. displaying K. shapes B. vision G. however L. tightly C. square H. while M. invisible D. consciously I. involved N. using E. usually J. interpret O. given
Section B Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
7 Secret Tests of Attraction
A. You're a smart, attractive person. So you wouldn't be surprised if one of your friends got the hots (迷恋) for you and then started acting all kinds of crazy. Your love-struck friend will wonder if you feel the same way, and will probably dream up subtle tests to find out. They could save themselves some effort by quickly surveying the scientific literature, though, because they will almost certainly be following one of seven well-trodden paths. B. In a classic study led by Leslie Baxter at Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon, and William Wilmot at the University of Montana, Missoula, a team of researchers interviewed 90 undergraduate students about their relationships with people of the opposite sex. The interviewees admitted to a total of 158 "calculated acquisition strategies"—or secret tests— that they hoped would reveal how a fancied friend felt about them. Many of the tests were pretty similar, so Baxter and Wilmot were able to boil them down to just seven categories. Read on to see how infuriating, and downright calculating, friends can become in the pursuit of a relationship upgrade. 1. Endurance C. This is most common type of test. In this category, the love-struck friend does their best to test the other person's feelings by fishing for compliments or demanding help—especially if it comes at a cost to the other. A classic endurance strategy is the self-put-down. As one respondent recalled: "He was really getting down on himself, saying he wasn't a very capable or nice person. He said it to get me to compliment him and verbalize how much I thought of him." D. Another type of endurance test is called forced choice, in which your friend wants to see if you will drop everything for them. "She came to where I work out and said that she was really depressed but didn't want to bother me," said one man in his interview. "She really wanted to see if I would stop what I was doing and show my concern, indicating how much I care for her." E. Finally, enamored (迷恋) friends will behave like spoiled brats (小孩), pushing their friend's buttons to see how much mistreatment they will put up with without complaining—will you still like them even when they're being a pain? 2. Triangulation F. The second most popular type of test was dubbed the triangle; because it relies on the age-old saying "three's a crowd". Some people engineer "fidelity checks", especially if the relationship has already strayed beyond the platonic (柏拉图式). One of the interviewees wanted to test if her boyfriend was as keen as she was. "I would intentionally leave him alone with my room-mate and then ask him when I returned 'what have the two of you been up to?' If he acted uncomfortable, I would know that he wasn't faithful—or at least that he was thinking about being unfaithful to me." G. Others employ jealousy tests: "I tested her limits by going out with other women and making sure that she found out about it. I wanted to know what kind of relationship commitment she wanted," said one man. 3. Hint H. Then there are the indirect suggestion tests: joking about serious feelings, hinting or getting increasingly intimate with bodily contact. "When we were just becoming romantic, he kept getting more and more bold with his touching—first his arm around my shoulder, then moving in real close, etc. He was waiting to see if I would tell him when to stop as a sign of how much I liked him," said one interviewee. 4. Miss me? I. Distance is supposed to make the heart grow fonder, and indeed physical separation is a common test. One respondent admitted: "To see if our relationship was really strong I tested it... by going overseas for a few months." J. If you have felt like you didn't want to be the first to call, you could be using another separation test called initiation induction. "When I returned from Switzerland, he didn't call me even though he knew exactly when I was returning. He wanted to see if I still felt the same way about him by calling him first," one woman recalls. 5. Heart to heart K. The directness test is really the opposite of a secret strategy. Far more popular with men than women, it involves either asking a person straight out how they feel. L. You can also speak openly about yourself in the hope your love interest will too. "I was having trouble getting him to open up to me about his family and his background," one woman said, "so I started talking about my folks and sisters, hoping that he would reciprocate (互换) and tell me about himself as a sign that he trusted me and wanted me to know more about him." 6. Inside information M. Ever tried to find out from someone's friends whether they might have a crush on you? Then you have employed what Baxter and Wilmot aptly call asking third party tests. It might sound like playground behaviors, but grown-ups do it too. 7. Hijacking N. Most cringeworthy (令人不舒服的) of all are public presentation tests, which basically involve backing your friend into a corner, in public. As one woman put it, "I intentionally introduced him as my boyfriend to my best friend who came to visit and then watched how he reacted—you know, did he seem embarrassed?" O. It is probably a good thing these tests are the least common of all. If you're on the receiving end, while waiting for the ground to swallow you up, this might be the moment when you see your friend in a whole new light—just not the way they hoped.
1. In order to test other person's patience and feeling for you, you can deliberately ask him/her to say some praise words.
C
[解析] 根据patience和praise words可将该句定位至C段。 C段第二句指出，痴情的人们尽最大的可能故意诱导别人说赞扬的话或寻求帮助来测试对方的感觉。fishing for compliments译为“引导别人说赞扬的话”。deliberately ask him/he to say some praise words是该短语的同义替换，所以选择C段。
2. Seven categories are used to help you test the feeling of a fancied friend about you.
3. You can use asking third party tests to know whether the person fell violently in love with you.
M
[解析] 根据third party tests可以定位至M段。 M段的第二句就提到了该关键词。讲述了可以通过third party tests来判断对方是否迷恋你，也就是从对方的朋友那里得到答案。因此可以很容易定位至M段。
4. Whether he can stop what he is doing and show his concern for you may indicate how much he care for you in a certain degree.
D
[解析] 根据can stop what he is doing和show his concern for you可以将该句定位至D段。 D段的第一句指出：另一种忍耐力测试叫做强迫选择，在这个测试中，你的朋友想知道你是否能为他(她)放下一切。同时该段最后一句也指出：她真的想知道我能否为她停下我手头正在做的事，告诉她我有多在乎他。所以题干表达的意思与D段相符。
5. You can also try to use some indirect ways to test whether he might have a crush on you.
9. Some people may take the initiative to say their own story in order to get other people to open up to them.
L
[解析] 根据say their own story in order to get other people to open up to them可将该句定位至L段。 根据L段引号中的话“在让他向我敞开心扉讲述他的家庭和背景时，我总是遇到麻烦。所以我开始谈论我的父母和姐妹，期望他能与我互换信息，告诉我他的情况，这能表明他信任我，想让我更了解他。”根据这段内容可将题干定位至该段。
10. Besides self-put-down, forced choice is another way to test endurance.
Section C Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Cleaning up our air may have made us healthier. A new analysis shows that the number of storms falls when pollution rises, and increases when pollution drops. Further tightening of present pollution controls "could reduce aerosols (气溶胶；悬浮颗粒) so quickly that we have record numbers of tropical storms for the next decade or two", says Nick Dunstone of the Met Office Hadley Centre in Exeter, UK. Earlier studies found no connection between storm numbers and aerosols' ability to cool the surface by scattering light in the open air. But aerosols also increase the brightness and lifetime of low-level marine clouds. When Nick Dunstone of the Met Office Hadley Centre in Exeter, UK, added this effect into his climate models, the simulated clouds cooled the surface more than expected. Historically, this cooling effect has been strongest in the north Atlantic. Cooling the north Atlantic reduces the energy available to power hurricanes. It also shifts rising and falling air currents further south, increasing wind shear in the Atlantic hurricane nursery. This extra wind shear tears nascent storms apart before they can gain strength. In this way, Dunstone says, changes in aerosol emissions appear to drive cyclical variations in north Atlantic tropical storms. These variations have long been attributed to natural variations in ocean circulation. Throughout the 20th century, aerosol emissions increased with industrialization and decreased in economic slumps. Tropical storms were frequent from the 1930s through to the 1950s, but rarer in the better economic times of the 1960s to mid-1990s. Then pollution controls reduced aerosol levels, and Atlantic hurricanes came roaring back, with 19 in 1995, a record 28 in 2005, and 19 in each of the past three years. Dunstone expects the increase to continue for another two decades. After that, global warming may begin to reduce the number of tropical storms, by warming the air and thus reducing the temperature difference between the sea surface and the atmosphere. It is not clear whether aerosols affect the intensity of storms.
1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A.The number of storms is inversely proportional to pollution index.
B.The number of storms is related to aerosols' ability to cool the surface.
C.Aerosols increase the brightness and lifetime of marine clouds.
D.Aerosols cool the surface by gathering light in the open air.
[考点] 词义 [解析] 回归到第三段第三句，This extra wind shear tears nascent storms apart before they can gain strength。they指的是storms。在风暴变强大前，也就是在风暴还处于形成初期的状态下就将其切断，所以nascent的同义词是B。该题容易误选成D选项small，但该句并没有明确表示风暴的大小，而是说在它形成的初期和力量增强前。
4. Which of the following is the factor that influences aerosol emissions?
A.Cyclical variations in north Atlantic tropical storms.
Passage Two Antarctica is the only continent where there has never been war. No military activity is allowed there and scientific research is a priority. Defined as all of the land and ice shelves south of latitude 60 degrees south, the 5.5m square miles (14.2m square km) of the world's coldest, driest, windiest and most remote land mass are protected by the Antarctic Treaty, which came into force in June 1961 and designated the land "a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science". It was not always so, writes David Day, an author, historian and research associate at La Trobe University in Melbourne. Solid as a block of Antarctic ice itself, but no less readable for it, his latest book draws on five years of meticulous research to tell the story of human endeavor in Antarctica, the last continent to be discovered. It paints a poignant biographical picture of the characters involved, the gruelling expeditions undertaken, and the rivalries between nations as they raced to chart the continent and claim possession of it. Mr. Day begins with Captain James Cook who, aboard the Resolution in 1773, became the first man to cross the Antarctic Circle. Although the ice-covered sea stopped him from getting close enough to see the Antarctic land mass, boulders in icebergs proved its existence. Yet Cook did not think the area was worth exploring. "I will be bold to say that the world will not be benefited by it," he stated. Antarctica's future as a natural reserve is by no means assured. Whereas the treaty designed to protect it has certainly preserved peace and served as an example of co-operation between nations, the prospect of mineral and oil deposits under Antarctica's ice cap is attracting the attention of resource-starved countries and big business alike. In addition, environmental groups, scientists and tourists are all making their own demands. As Mr. Day writes, "For centuries, the Antarctic defied man's approach, now its dangers and its terrors have been largely conquered. Only its future remains unknown."
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A.Antarctica is protected by Antarctic Treaty, and it does not allow any activity.
B.All of the land on Antarctica is covered by ice.
C.Antarctic Treaty is designed to protect it to be a peace continent.
Part Ⅳ Translation Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
With respect to functions of a university, opinions vary greatly. Some people hold that the university is a platform where students are entitled to obtain more knowledge. However, with the increasing number of college graduates facing to severe unemployment, some others argue that a university ought to be more realistic aiming at helping students find jobs. Perhaps both of these ideas make some sense, but few college graduates are eager to challenge themselves. No matter it comes to study or employment, students' efforts and awareness really count. Those who are still lingering about function of a university seem unlikely to make any greater progress.
[解析] 这是一篇关于大学教育的特征的文章，主要阐述了大学教育的功能，是一篇议论文性质的翻译文章。 1．关于大学的功能：“关于”一直是个热点词，可以直接翻译成about，concerning。如果翻译成with respect to, in respect of会更好。 2．人们的看法各不相同：几乎所有的学生都会翻译成different people have different ideas。但是很显然，命题者的意图并非是要看到这样的翻译结果，译出新意和变化才是关键。可以译成people's opinions differ from one to another或opinions vary greatly。 3．提供知识的平台，学生们获得的应该是更多的知识：“平台”的翻译毋庸置疑是platform，后面的句子本来可以另起一句，但是这样的结构可以把后句当成一个定语从句来翻译，效果会很好。可译为：The university can offer a platform, where students are entitled to obtain more knowledge. 这样的结构是一个重要的考点，应予以重视。 4．随着越来越多的大学毕业生面临严峻的就业形势：这又是一个非常经典的句型，可把它翻译成：with an increasing number of college graduates facing to severe unemployment。这个句子最容易错译成：with an increasing number of students can't find jobs。with结构后面应跟名词，再跟一个定语从句或者分词结构才是正确的。 5．或许两种观点都有道理：perhaps there is right things in these two ideas的译法显得水平较低，在四、六级考试中，无论是翻译还是写作，除非迫不得已，否则坚决不能用things这样的初级词汇。可翻译成：Perhaps there is an element of truth in both ideas或者both of these ideas make some sense. 6．无论学业还是就业：这里的“无论”是一个高频翻译短语，可译成no matter it comes to study or employment。 7．停留在……：这里用linger about非常理想，linger表示“逗留，不愿离开”。
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