Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three quarters of the greenhouse (温室) effect. That might sound like good news, but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decades, we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses. This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel Prize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin, former chairman of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols (乳质) of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide (二氧化物) emissions. Until now, they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0.2℃. So the 0.6℃ of warming over the past century would have been 0.8℃ without aerosols. But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher—aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three quarters, cutting increases by 1.8℃. If so, the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now. But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed. As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means "dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change", the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop.
1. Paragraph 2 ______. A. Atmospheric Scientists B. The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop C. The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols D. The Scientists' Agreement E. The Authoritative Conclusion F. Greenhouse Gases
E
[解析] 第二段只有一句话，其主干为：This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together…句子意思是：这个令人吃惊的结论是上周在柏林达莱姆由杰出的大气层专家一起召开的研讨会上得出的。这里杰出的大气层专家必然代表的是权威观点，其意思与选项E表达一致，故E为正确答案。
2. Paragraph 3 ______.
C
[解析] 第三段主题句是第一句：IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols(浮质)of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide(二氧化物)emissions.这个长句的结构及意思我们已经讨论过，这里不赘述。显然这句讲的是浮质对大气的影响，并在后两句中给出了计算，这个计算先于第四段所提到的计算。选项C与其意思一致，故C为正确答案。
3. Paragraph 4 ______.
B
[解析] 第四段主题句为第一句But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher…柏林研讨会得出的结论是，实际的数字要高得多。段落其他部分给出了相关的计算数据。这与选项B意思一致，故B为正确答案。
4. Paragraph 5 ______.
D
[解析] 第五段也只是一个长句，句子主干部分为the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop，这说明专家在柏林研讨会上达成一致结论，选项D与其意思一致，故D为正确答案。
5. When the cover diminishes in the coming decades, temperature ______. A. will influence future climate change B. was somewhat surprising C. will rise rapidly D. was known to US all E. was much higher than had been expected
C
[解析] 根据题干线索词the cover diminishes定位原文至第一段第二句后半部分：as the cover diminishes in coming decades, we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses，这里a dramatic increase of warming意思即为气温的大幅度升高。与选项C意思一致，故C为正确答案。
6. The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop ______.
B
[解析] 根据题干线索词the Berlin workshop定位原文至第二段第一句前半部分：This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin…,这里dramatic意为“令人吃惊的”，与surprising属于同义词，由此可推断B为正确答案。
7. The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure ______.
E
[解析] 根据题干线索词the real figure可将原文定位至第四段第一句前半部分：But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher,这说明柏林研讨会得出的结论是，真正的数字“比这还要高”，是说比第三段推测的数字要高，也就比人们预期的要高。选项E与其意思吻合。
From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons (标志) of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. It's now better known for vibrant (充满活力的) cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping—the UK is among the world's best. Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if you're one of these people, you'd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It's certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK. Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget (廉价的) airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. While coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. London's famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance (个体的) drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London's underground is called the Tube. It's very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city. The UK is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd's pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture. Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart clubwear, while pubbing is much more casual.
[解析] 第二段没有主题句，但我们通过阅读全段，可以找到同义高频词the British, these people, the English people等，这些词指的都是英国的国民，这与选项B people意思一致，故B为正确答案。
10. Paragraph 3 ______.
C
[解析] 第三段主题句是第一句：Getting around England is pretty easy.句子意思是：游览英国是一件非常容易的事。随后便介绍了英国方便的交通工具，包括飞机、火车、长途特快公交车、的士、地铁等。选项C transport(交通)与其意思一致，故C为正确答案。
11. Paragraph 4 ______.
E
[解析] 第四段主题句是第二句But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods.句子意思是“你仍需了解一些英式传统食物”，该段在后边也介绍了各种各样的食物，其中最著名的是炸鱼和炸土豆片。选项E food(食品)与其意思一致，故E为正确答案。
12. Paragraph 5 ______.
F
[解析] 第五段主题句是第一句：Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young.句子意思是“尤其对年轻人来说，酒吧和夜总会是英国夜生活的主要形式”，因此这段的主题是关于nightlife的，故F是正确答案。
13. The UK is a country that is ______. A．faster but more expensive than buses B．both ancient and modern C．humorous and hospitable D．cheap and efficient E．traditional and famous F．clever and hardworking
B
[解析] 我们在题干中不能确定其关键线索词，但根据“题目顺序与段落顺序基本保持一致”这一规律，可以定位原文至第一段。文中第一段第一句From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons(标志)of past eras.讲述了从白金汉宫到牛津，遍布英国的是许多过去时代的标志性建筑，这说明英国是一个古老的国家。第二句But it has also modernized with confidence.则说明英国同时充满了自信的现代气息。这两句说明英国是一个既古老又现代的国度。故答案为B。
14. The British people are ______.
C
[解析] 根据题干关键词the British people，我们可以将原文定位至第二段第三句的后半句...and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable.这与选项C意思一致。
15. Coaches in the UK are ______.
A
[解析] 根据题干关键线索词coaches，我们可以将原文定位至第三段第五句：While coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive(though quicker)than buses.句子意思是“尽管长途汽车与公共汽车路线一样，但长途汽车比公共汽车收费要贵很多，虽然它比较快。”这与选项A表达一致，故A为正确选项。
16. Fish and chips are ______.
E
[解析] 根据题干关键线索词fish and chips，我们可将原文定位至倒数第二段第二、三句：But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips.其中第三句the most famous后边省略了of the traditional English foods。通过这两句我们可以知道“炸鱼和炸土豆片是传统的，也是非常有名的英国食物”，这与选项E意思一致，故E为正确答案。
Communication Principles
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate. "Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he (or she) is the center." Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them. But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication. A student, for instance, may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment: "I know my teacher doesn't like the fact that I don't agree with his opinions, and that's why he gave me such a poor grade in that class." The teacher might say the opposite. Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person's view is wrong. The concept of self originates in communication. Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others. You establish self-image, the sort of person you believe you are, by how others think of you. Positive, negative, and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are. Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process. Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people. In a more obvious way, communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share. So, the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self. Communication occurs almost every minute of your life. If you are not communicating with yourself (thinking, planning, reacting to the world around you), you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behaviour. Even if the other person did not intend a message for you, you gather observations and draw specific conclusions. A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message. A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you. A third person smiles (perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to you. We are continually picking up meanings from others' behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them. More often than not, you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement. You may have made a joke out of your rude statement. Nonetheless, your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind. You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others. When you tried to re-create the atmosphere, the conversation, and the setting, nothing seemed right. Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results. Anyway, communication cannot be reversed (倒退), nor can it be repeated.
17. Paragraph 1 ______. A. Centralism B. Communication involves both self and others C. You can't repeat one conversation D. Your view of yourself decides your way of communication E. How to apologize to others F. Communication occurs everywhere
D
[解析] 第一段主题句为第一句：How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.句子意为：一个人如何看待自己会影响他与别人交流的方式。选项D是对该句意思的同义改写，故D为正确答案。
18. Paragraph 2 ______.
B
[解析] 第二段主题句是最后一句：So, the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others, as defined largely by the self.句子意为：故交流开始时会在很大程度上受到他人对自己看法的影响，进而自己对他人的看法也会在一定程度上影响彼此间的交流。由此可推断该段说明了交流是双方的，即交流中，双方是互相影响的。选项B与其意思一致。
19. Paragraph 3 ______.
F
[解析] 第三段主题句为第一句：Communication occurs almost every minute of your life.句子意为：交流几乎发生在我们生命的每时每刻。也就是说，交流是随时随地会发生的。选项F与其意思一致，故F为正确答案。
20. Paragraph 4 ______.
C
[解析] 第四段主题句是最后一句：Anyway, communication cannot be reversed(倒退), nor can it be repeated.句子意为：无论如何，人们之间的交流过程是不可能重新来过的。即任何人都不可能使时间倒流，使交流重新发生。选项C与其表达一致，故C为正确答案。
21. Many social scientists believe that ______. A. the interaction between people B. people are easily influenced by others' opinions C. establishment of the self-image D. he or she hasn't paid any attention to your words E. apologize to them F. reverse your conversation with them
B
[解析] 根据题干线索词social scientists将原文定位至第一段第三句：Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them.该句说明人们很容易受他人对自己看法的影响，与选项B表达一致，故B为正确答案。
22. It is probable that communication is understood as ______.
A
[解析] 根据“题目顺序与段落顺序基本保持一致”的出题规律，可将原文定位至第二段，浏览该段后进而定位至该段第五句：Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process.选项A是对该句的同义复现，故A为正确答案。
23. If a person looks away from you, you might think that ______.
D
[解析] 根据题干线索词a person looks away from you可将原文定位至第三段第五句：A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you.句中that person is not listening to you与D选项he or she hasn't paid any attention to your words意思一致，故D为正确答案。
24. If you have hurt someone by accident, you can't ______.
F
[解析] 根据题干线索词hurt someone by accident，定位原文至最后一段，这里accidentally意思同by accident。继续阅读会发现在该段第五句中提到：You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others.意思是你不能使时间倒流，收回你所说过的话。即你不能使彼此间的交流重新进行，选项F与其意思一致，故F为正确答案。
Three Kinds of Loneliness
Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is temporary (暂时的). This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic (长 期的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity. Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons. First of all, they are unhappy and unable to socialize with others like normal people. Besides, most importantly, there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
25. Paragraph 2 ______. A. Two kinds of loneliness B. Two reasons for assisting people with chronic loneliness C. Temporary loneliness D. Psychologists' agreement E. Habitual loneliness F. One reason for loneliness—socialization
A
[解析] 第二段没有主题句，但迅速浏览全段我们会发现The first kind of loneliness和The second kind这两个短语，这足以说明该段阐述了两种类型的孤独症。选项A与其意思一致，故A为正确答案。
26. Paragraph 3 ______.
E
[解析] 第三段主题句为第一句：The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.句子意为：第三种孤独症是最为严重的。继续阅读该段会发现这种孤独症也被称做habitual loneliness或chronic loneliness，由此推断E为正确答案。
27. Paragraph 4 ______.
F
[解析] 第四段主题句为第一句：Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc.句子意为：心理学家一致认为导致孤独症的一个重要因素是人们与朋友、家人以及同事间的社会交际。选项F与其意思一致，故F为正确答案。
28. Paragraph 5 ______.
B
[解析] 第五段主题句为第一句：Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons.句子意为：心理学家正试图找到治疗习惯性孤独症患者的方法，这主要出于两个原因。该段在后边分别阐述了这两个原因。这里正如在第二题中所提到的，习惯性孤独症又名长期性孤独症。故B选项为正确答案。
29. Family problems can lead to ______. A. improve their ability of socializing with other people B. temporary loneliness C. situational loneliness D. go out with people E. this kind of loneliness can lead to serious illness F. we have common interests
C
[解析] 根据题目线索词family problems可将原文定位至第二段第四句：The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place.由此可推断，情境性孤独症可由特定情境导致，比如，家庭问题、爱人的离世、搬家等。故可确定C为正确答案。
30. People with chronic loneliness think they can do nothing to ______.
A
[解析] 根据题目线索词people with chronic loneliness可将原文定位至第三段，进而根据题目意思定位至最后一句：Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.这里their condition指代上文中的problems socializing and becoming close to others，选项A与其表达一致，故A为正确答案。
31. We rely on our friends to a great extent because ______.
F
[解析] 根据题目线索词friends可将原文定位至第四段第三句后半部分and our friends share similar interests and activities，而前面提到We depend on various people for different reasons，由此可推断，我们依赖于朋友是因为我们拥有共同的爱好，这与选项F意思一致，故F为正确答案。
32. The most important reason for psychologists to help habitually lonely people is that ______.
E
[解析] 根据“题目顺序与段落顺序基本保持一致”这一出题规律，我们将原文锁定至最后一段，其中提到most importantly, there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease，由此可推断，长期性孤独症即习惯性孤独症可能会导致严重的疾病。故可确定E为正确答案。
Customer "Delight"
In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer "delight" is what companies are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share. It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researchers, that customers receiving good service will promote business. According to a commercial research, people who get good service will tell up to 12 other people, while those treated badly tell tales of woe to up to 20 people. Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal. New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the "phone rage"—caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods. "Many people do not like talking to machines," says Dr. Storey, Senior Lecturer in Marketing at Business School of City University School. "Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust them—the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager." Recommended ways of creating customer delight include, under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours, but getting it done within two); replacing a faulty product immediately; throwing in a gift voucher (购物礼券) as an unexpected "thank you" to regular customers; and always returning calls, even when there are complaints. Aiming for customer delight is all very well, but if services do not reach the high level promised, disappointment or worse will be the result. This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example, "I know how you must feel."), and possible solutions (replacement, compensation or whatever fairness suggests best meets the case). For example, airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. There is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems. For British Airways staff, a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times. They are trained to answer quickly, with their names, job title and a "we are here to help" attitude. Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as "we do as we please." On the other hand, the more customers are promised, the greater the risk of disappointment.
33. Paragraph 2 ______. A. Methods of delighting customers B. Importance of good service C. How to remedy the clients' disappointment D．Accept the customers' complaints E．New challenges for customer care F．The correct attitude
B
[解析] 第二段主题句为第一句：It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researchers, that customers receiving good service will promote business.句子意为：营销业以及很多的研究者都认为，让顾客得到良好的服务会促进生意的发展。这与选项B Importance of good service(良好服务的重要性)意思一致，故B为正确答案。
34. Paragraph 3 ______.
E
[解析] 第三段主题句为第一句：New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet.句子意为：当人们通过电话和网络就可以获得商品和服务时，商家便又迎来了对客户服务的新挑战。这与选项E New challenges for customer care(客户服务的新挑战)意思一致，故E为正确答案。
35. Paragraph 4 ______.
A
[解析] 第四段主题句为第一句：Recommended ways of creating customer delight include…句子意为：所推荐的取悦客户的办法包括……。选项A是对上述意思的同义改写，故A为正确答案。
36. Paragraph 5 ______.
C
[解析] 第五段主题句为第二句：This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation...and possible solutions ...句子意为：通过道歉、解释以及可行的解决办法来缓解顾客的失望心情。这里This指上文中的disappointment，由此可见，选项C与其表达一致，故C为正确答案。
37. 80 percent of customers will continue to shop in one store if ______. A．an unexpected "thank you" B．they really love their goods C．their complaints are dealt with fairly D．a "we are here to help" attitude E．employ the customer data F．apologize for what they did
C
[解析] 首先根据语法常识推断出这里需要添加的是一个句子，故可以排除选项A、D、E、F。然后根据题干线索词80 percent of customers将原文定位至第二段段尾：Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.选项C是其同义改写，故C为正确答案。
38. In order to delight customers, banks encourage their staff to ______.
E
[解析] 根据题干线索词banks可将原文定位至第三段倒数第二句：Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them.选项E中的employ是use的同义词，其意思表达一致，故E为正确答案。
39. A gift voucher is delivered to regular customers as ______.
A
[解析] 根据题干线索词A gift voucher可将原文定位至第四段倒数第二句：throwing in a gift voucher(购物礼券)as an unexpected “thank you” to regular customers，由此可知A为正确答案。
40. British Airways staff are trained to answer quickly with ______.
D
[解析] 根据题干线索词British Airways可将原文定位至第五段最后一句：They are trained to answer quickly, with their names, job title and a “we are here to help” attitude.这里They即指上文的British Airways staff，故D为正确答案。
What Is Old Is New Again
Some of the latest toys to hit store shelves include several names that were popular in the 1980s. Among them: He-Man, My Little Pony, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and Transformers. Their appearance is surprising in an industry where all but classic toys like Barbie dolls tend to stay in the market for only a few years before they leave kid culture for good. The return of toys introduced a generation ago, say experts, is largely a generational effect. These toys were among the first to be marketed primarily through TV cartoons. The result of this is that these toys carried with them a much stronger brand identity than toys from previous ages. When those who played with these toys during the 1980s began having children of their own, businessmen realized they could take advantage of parents' emotional ties by bringing the toys back. "We are starting to see a lot of properties and products coming back now for the kids of Generation X," says Greg Livingston, vice president of Wondergroup, a children's product marketing firm. But other industry observers say this return-of-toy trend is more rooted in basic economics. When the economy isn't strong, they say, toy-makers become more careful. One of the safest marketing techniques is bringing back toys that are proven successes. "If you're in the business of making and selling toys, you're going to go the safest route, which is using proven brands," says Stephanie Oppenheimer, co-founder of the Oppenheimer Toy Co., an independent consumer group that rates toys. Other companies use product ideas that have sold well in other countries, such as Japan. Still, Ms. Oppenheimer also believes that American consumers simply are not in the mood for new, high- tech toys anymore. "People are interested less in what we wish we had but more in what we already have," says Oppenheimer. "As a country, we are looking for things that remind us of simpler times."
41. Paragraph 1 ______. A．The reappearance of once popular toys B．Marketing techniques C．Generation effect D．Barbie dolls E．Economic factors F．Generation X
[解析] 第二段主题句为第一句：The return of toys introduced a generation ago, say experts, is largely a generational effect.句子意为：专家称上代人玩过的玩具现在又重新流行开来，这在很大程度上是代际作用。选项C属于对该句的原意复现，故C为正确答案。
43. Paragraph 3 ______.
E
[解析] 第三段没有主题句，但正如在秒杀技巧中提到过的，这时应该注意句际连接词的使用。这里段落要强调的应该是but之后的内容，即：But other industry observers say this return-of-toy trend is more rooted in basic economics.句子意为：但是，有些企业观察家指出旧式玩具的回归现象更取决于基本的经济状况。选项E与其表达一致，故E为正确答案。
44. Paragraph 4 ______.
B
[解析] 第四段主题句是第一句：One of the safest marketing techniques is bringing back toys that are proven successes.句子意为：最稳妥的销售技巧之一就是销售那些曾经取得成功的玩具。由此可推断，该段讲的是关于玩具的销售技巧，选项B与其意思一致，故B为正确答案。
45. The toy, My Little Pony，was once popular in the ______. A．the economic factors B．they were in fashion C．1980s D．toys with high technology E．1990s F．they were the first to be marketed through TV
C
[解析] 根据题干线索词My Little Pony将原文定位至第一段第二句：Among them: He-Man, My Little Pony, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, and Transformers.这里的them指代前面提到的toys that were popular in the 1980s。由此推断C为正确答案。
46. Toys of 1980s had a stronger brand identity than toys of former times because ______.
F
[解析] 根据题干线索词a stronger brand identity可将原文定位至第二段第三句：The result of this is that these toys carried with them a much stronger brand identity than toys from previous ages.该句中的this即指该段第二句These toys were among the first to be marketed primarily through TV cartoons，而these toys即指toys of 1980s，选项F与其意思一致，故F为正确答案。
47. Some observers believe one critical reason for the return-of-toy is ______.
A
[解析] 根据题干线索词observers可将原文定位至第三段倒数第二句：But other industry observers say this return-of-toy trend is more rooted in basic economics.该句中的be rooted in意为“来源于，起因于”。由此可推断，A为正确答案。
48. According to Ms. Oppenheimer, nowadays Americans are not interested in ______.
D
[解析] 根据题干线索词Ms. Oppenheimer可将原文定位至最后一段倒数第三句：Still, Ms. Oppenheimer also believes that American consumers simply are not in the mood for new, high-tech toys anymore.该句中be in mood for...意为“有心情做……”，与be interested in意思相近，故D为正确答案。
About Auction
Auctions (拍卖) are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or "bids", for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands. The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, meaning "increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold "by the candle": a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight. Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues (目录;手册) are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a "lot", is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in the order of numbers; he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding (投标价) as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.
49. Paragraph 2 ______. A．Goods for auction sales B．Definition of bidding C．Way to sell more goods by auction D．Auction sales in history E．Brief introduction to auctions F．Making a larger profit as an auctioneer
D
[解析] 第二段没有主题句，但浏览全段会发现该段时态均为一般过去时，并且涉及了The ancient Roman以及England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries，由此可推断D选项Auction sales in history(拍卖的历史)与其意思相符，故D为正确答案。
50. Paragraph 3 ______.
A
[解析] 第三段主题句为第一句：Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction.句子意为：实际上，各种各样的商品都可以通过拍卖来售出。选项A与其意思一致，故A为正确答案。
[解析] 第五段主题句是第一句：The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for.句子大意是：拍卖师的服务薪水将取决于售出商品的价格。也就是说，商品售出价越高，拍卖师由此所获得的提成就越高，选项F与其意思一致，故F为正确选项。
53. When an auctioneer strikes his hammer on the table at which he stands, this means ______. A．he is paid according to the price of the goods that are sold out B．the end of an auction C．details of goods，time and place of the auction D．the beginning of an auction E．his boss requires him to do so F．the Latin word "auctio"
B
[解析] 根据题干线索词strike his hammer将原文定位至第一段最后一句：This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands.由此可推断选项B为正确答案。
54. The English word "auction" originates from ______.
F
[解析] 根据题干线索词the English word将原文定位至第二段第一句后半部分：...and the English word comes from the Latin auctio, meaning "increase"，这里come from同F选项中的originate属于同义词，故F为正确答案。
55. Before an auction, an advertisement is usually given, which includes ______.
C
[解析] 根据题干线索词advertisement可将原文定位至第四段第一句：An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers.该句中的particular为名词，意思是“细节”。选项C是对该句的同义改写，故C为正确答案。
56. The auctioneer always tries to raise the bidding because ______.
A
[解析] 根据“题目顺序与段落顺序基本保持一致”的出题规律，可将原文定位至最后一段：The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding(投标价)as high as possible.因为拍卖师的薪水将直接来源于从拍卖商品的卖出价中所抽取的提成，故拍卖师会尽可能把商品价格抬得很高。选项A与其意思相符，故A为正确答案。
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