1. ______ more attention, the problem could have been solved sooner.
A.Given
B.To give
C.Giving
D.Having given
A B C D
A
[解析] 这四个选项分别为来自动词give的A)分词、B)不定式、C)现在分词和D)过去分词的完成形式。选时,要注意后面句子的谓语是“could have been solved”,这是虚拟语气过去时的被动语态。从而可以判断,句子的前部分应该含有条件的意义。A)项的given可作介词或连词表示条件,故应为答案。
2. It was ______ that we felt tired when we arrived.
A.a so long travel
B.such a long travel
C.such a long journey
D.a so long journey
A B C D
C
[解析] 此题测试such…that或so…that引导的结果状语从句。such是形容词,修饰名词。so是副词,修饰形容词、副词或动词。此句表示旅途太长,such修饰名词journey(such along journey…that.)。因此,答案是C)。travel作单数名词时,意思是环球旅行,不可数,因此,A)与B)都不对。SO修饰形容词时,词序应该是So long a journey,因此,D)也不对。
3. He is ______ to be late as he has so many things to do.
A.maybe
B.probably
C.likely
D.possibly
A B C D
C
[解析] 此题测试to be likely to do…(可能……)的用法。A)maybe(可能)作插入语;B)probably(很可能)副词;D)possibly(可能)副词。这两个副词与后面的不定式没有关系。
4. I ______ play tennis than golf.
A.like better to
B.prefer
C.would rather
D.had better
A B C D
C
[解析] “would rather+不带to的动词不定式”表示选择。实际上指的是现在情况。如:I would rather have rice than bread.我宁愿吃米饭,而不吃面包。
[解析] “must not”意为不得,“need not”或“don't need to”意为不必。根据句子的意思,可知这里表示“不必”,故排除A)与C)。 “needn't have hurried”为“情态动词+动词的完成形式”。这一结构一般用于否定形式,表示本不必做某事,可是做了。如: You needn't have told Mary that.你本不必把那件事情告诉玛丽。(但却告诉她了。) 本题目的大意是:因时间很充裕,她本不该着急的(但她却着急了)。故D)为答案。
14. "Would you like some tea?" "Yes, please, but just ______ . "
A.few
B.a few
C.little
D.a little
A B C D
D
[解析] 1)few与a few: 两者都用于可数名词的复数,表示“数目”。a few强调肯定,表示有少许;few强调否定,表示几乎没有。如: He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。 He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。 “tea”为不可数名词.故排除A)与B)项。 2)little与a little: a little强调肯定,表示有少许。little强调否定,表示几乎没有。从“Yes,please”可看出此处表示肯定,可排除C)。故D)项为答案。
15. Dark blue is the best colour ______ me.
A.that fits
B.that suits
C.which fits
D.which suits
A B C D
B
[解析] 1)当先行词(如这里的color)附有最高级形容词时,关系代词要用that,而不用which,故可将选择范围限制在A)和B)项之间。 2)动词fit与suit都有“符合,适合”之意。但是,fit作及物动词时,表示“对……符合、适合”(to have the right size or shape for…)。如: This jacket fits me well.这件夹克我穿着很合身。 suit:适合,尤指衣服、颜色、型式等与……相配,与……相称(to be becoming to…),如: Her blue hat suits her fair skin.她那顶蓝色的帽子与她那白皙的皮肤十分相配。 为满足两个条件,只有选B)项。
16. The mayor made a/an ______ visit to the scene of the fighting last Friday.
17. We asked the girl ______ a tractor if she could tell us how to get to the farm.
A.to drive
B.drove
C.driving
D.drive
A B C D
C
[解析] 这个句子的结构是“ask sb.sth.”其中作直接宾语的“sth.”由if引导的宾语从句充当,作间接宾语的“sb.”由“the girl”充当。因此,拟迭答案应作“the girl”的后置定语。把选择的范围限制在A)和C)项之间。 1)A)项的不定式“to drive”和C)项的现在分词“driving”都可以与“a tractor”构成相应的短语作“the girl”的后置定语。但是: A)项to drive:不定式(短语)作定语时和它所修饰的词之间,多数有动宾关系。并且常常指即将发生的事。如: I want to get some books to read during the journey.我想找几本书在旅途中看。 本题目的含义为“正在开(而不是将要或应当开)拖拉机的姑娘”,故不能用不定式(短语)作后置定语。 2)C)项driving:现在分词短语用作定语时,表示正在进行的动作,相当于一个定语从句的简化。 本题可变为:We asked the girl driving(=who was driving)a tractor if…故C)项为答案。
18. The soldier got seriously ______ in the battle.
24. He was taken down to another room, ______ he found a wounded soldier who was dying.
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.there
A B C D
B
[解析] 关系副词where可引导非限制性定语从句,修饰表示地点的名词。如: Mary’s husband was working in another town,where he went daily in a bus.玛丽的丈夫在另一个城里工作,他每天乘车去上班。
25. He's all right ______ he's left to do the job in his own way.
A.in case
B.meanwhile
C.so long as
D.so far as
A B C D
C
[解析] so long as:只要,如果。引出条件从句,切合题意。 A)in case:以防,万一。也用来引出条件从句。不过主要是谈论预防措施,提前做某些事情,以保安全。故不应用于此题。 B)meanwhile:只能作名词或副词,表示“同时,其间”。 D)so far as:“就……而言”,“从……来看”。B)、D)两项明显不合本题要求
26. My piano is magnificent, ______ since I was 18.
A.I got it
B.I've got it
C.I have it
D.I've had it
A B C D
D
[解析] 这是一个含现在完成时态的句子,表示此刻以前发生的动作或情况,特别是表示迄今为止的状况。题中since引起的时间状语从句,证明了主句谓语应该用现在完成时。如: They have seen each other often since they met.他们自从相识后经常见面。
[解析] 1)hold:拿着、抱着、夹着,着重于保持的动作。如: She held a baby in her arms.她怀里抱着个婴孩。 2)carry与take:在表示把某人或某物从一地带到另一地时,两词的含义相似。但carry强调的是背、拿、搬、扛等动的概念,而take更含有“带领、引导”的意思。如: The monkey carried her baby on her back.大猴把小猴背在背上。 The guide took the visitors on a tour through the art museum.导游带领客人们参观了艺术博物馆。 3)bring与take:这两个词的区别主要决定于动作的方向。如果动作是由说话人出发指向他处,就用take。反之,如果动作是朝说话人来,就用bring。如: When you come to me,please bring me my glasses.来时,请把我的眼镜给我带来。 When you go home,please take these apples with you.回家时,请把这些苹果带走。
31. The hospital seemed to her like a giant castle which she would be ______ in.
A.lose
B.loss
C.lost
D.losing
A B C D
C
[解析] 此题测试动词短语的用法。be lost的意思是迷路,恰合题意,答案是C)。
32. Seeing students so ______ in class is a great encouragement to a teacher.
[解析] 这四个选项都是以一where结尾的地点副词,表示处所,但含义各不相同。 A)nowhere表示“无处,到处都没有”,是一个含有否定意义的副词。如: My keys are nowhere to be found.到处都找不到我的钥匙。 但是,本题是否定句,如再用否定副词,则与题意不合。 B)everywhere是一个具有总括意义的副词,表示“到处,处处”。如果它与not连用,就构成部分否定,表示“不都,并非都”,与原题意不相符合了。如: You can’t find such good—natured men everywhere.那样好脾气的人并非到处都是。 D)somewhere表示“在某处,到某处”,需用于肯定句中,指in,at,to某个地方。如: You’ll find the sentence somewhere in the text.你能在本课文的某个地方找到这个句子。 C)anywhere表示“无论哪里,任何地方”,多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句。本题为否定句,故C)适合作答案。又如: Jim changed his mind and decided not to go anywhere.吉姆改变了主意,决定哪儿也不去了。
38. This is ______ movie I have ever seen.
A.very amazing
B.the most amazing
C.a most amazed
D.more amazed
A B C D
B
[解析] 此题测试形容词最高级的用法。这句话的意思是:这部影片在我所看的电影中是最好的一部。由于比较的范围是看过的所有影片(movie I have ever seen)。这部是其中最好的,应该用最高级。形容词最高级作定语时,前面用定冠词the。因此,答案是B)。
39. By the end of next month I ______ in this city for 32 years.
A.will be living
B.will have been living
C.have lived
D.am living
A B C D
B
[解析] 在by…介词短语作时间状语时,句子应该用将来完成时或将来完成进行时。
40. You ______ all the trouble had you known he was not there.
A.mustn't take
B.mustn't have taken
C.needn't have taken
D.needn't take
A B C D
C
[解析] 1)先弄清题目本身的意思和结构,排除A)、D) ①take the trouble(to do sth.):费力(做某事),不辞辛苦地(做某事) ②整个句子是虚拟语气,条件从句为“had”前省略了“if”的倒装句: 由此可见,主句需要一个“情态动词+have+过去分词”的谓语,故A)、D)可排除。 2)B)和C)项的比较: B)mustn’t have taken:must的否定形式mustn’t(do)意为“不可”,表示禁止;在表示对过去发生的事情作肯定的猜测时,要用“must have done”的结构,意为“想必是……,一定是……”,其否定形式应为“couldn’t have done”。故B)项亦应被排除。 C)needn’t have taken:情态动词和动词的完成形式构成的谓语,表示“本不需要(做某事而做了)”的意思。故C)项为答案。
Ⅱ. Cloze Over half the world's people now live in cities. The latest "Global Report on Human Settlements" says a significant change took place last year. The report 1 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency. A century ago, 2 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 3 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 4 six and a half billion people. Already three-fourths of people in 5 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 6 is in the developing world. Urbanization can 7 to social and economic progress, but also put 8 on cities to provide housing and 9 . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 10 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 11 by social divisions and differences in 12 , could result in violence and crime 13 cities plan better. Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 14 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 15 a much faster rate than urban population growth. Sprawl is 16 in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 17 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 18 toward "de-urbanization" across the nation. 19 urban economies still provide many 20 that rural areas do not.
1.
A.came on
B.came off
C.came over
D.came out
A B C D
D
2.
A.more
B.other
C.less
D.rather
A B C D
C
3.
A.By
B.Through
C.Along
D.To
A B C D
A
4.
A.really
B.barely
C.ever
D.almost
A B C D
D
5.
A.flourishing
B.developed
C.thriving
D.fertile
A B C D
D
6.
A.extension
B.addition
C.raise
D.growth
A B C D
D
7.
A.keep
B.turn
C.lead
D.refer
A B C D
C
8.
A.pressure
B.load
C.restraint
D.weight
A B C D
A
9.
A.surroundings
B.communities
C.concerns
D.services
A B C D
A
10.
A.onto
B.into
C.around
D.upon
A B C D
B
11.
A.pulled
B.driven
C.drawn
D.pressed
A B C D
B
12.
A.situation
B.wealth
C.treasure
D.category
A B C D
C
13.
A.when
B.if
C.unless
D.whereas
A B C D
A
14.
A.expand
B.split
C.invade
D.enlarge
A B C D
A
15.
A.in
B.beyond
C.with
D.at
A B C D
D
16.
A.common
B.conventional
C.ordinary
D.frequent
A B C D
D
17.
A.essential
B.prior
C.primitive
D.major
A B C D
D
18.
A.trend
B.style
C.direction
D.path
A B C D
A
19.
A.Then
B.But
C.For
D.While
A B C D
D
20.
A.abilities
B.qualities
C.possibilities
D.realities
A B C D
B
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
(C)
A computer is a machine with a complex network of electronic circuits ( 电路) that operate switches. The switches are capable of being in one of two possible states, that is, on or off. The machine is capable of storing and dealing with numbers, letters, and characters. The basic idea of a computer is that we can make the machine do what we want simply by inputting signals that turn certain switches on and turn others off. Computers are thought to have many remarkable powers. However, most computers, whether large or small, have three basic capabilities. First, computers have circuits for performing arithmetic operations, such as: addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and exponentiation. Second, computers have a means of communicating with the user. After all, if we couldn't feed information in and get results back, these machines wouldn't be of much use. However, certain computers (commonly minicomputers and microcomputers) are used to control directly things such as robots (机器人), medical instruments, etc. Some of the most common methods of inputting information are to use magnetic tape, disks, and terminals. The computer's input device reads the information into the computer. For outputting information, two common devices used are a printer which prints the new information on paper, or a CRT display screen which shows the results on a TV-like screen. Third, computers have circuits which can make decisions. The kinds of decisions which computer circuits can make are not of the type: 'Who would win a war between two countries?' or 'Who is the richest person in the world?' Unfortunately, the computer can only decide three things, namely: Is one number less than another? Axe two numbers equal? and, Is one number greater than another?
1. A computer is, in a sense, simple in that it ______.
A.consists only of electronic circuits
B.can only store and deal with numbers, letters, and characters
C.performs its functions by means of operating switches
D.cannot work without signals
A B C D
C
[解析] (见第1段最后1句) 弄清题目和C)项里的几个短语的含义,有助于选择正确答案。 in a sense:在某种意义上 in that:因为 perform functions:起作用,发挥作用 by means of:用……方法、手段 operate switches:操纵开关
2. A computer can NOT ______.
A.perform arithmetic operations
B.communicate with the user
C.make a certain kind of decision
D.be of much use without input and output
A B C D
D
[解析] (见第2段4—5行) D)项里的。input(输入)与原文“feed information in”同义。output(输出)与“gets results back”同义。
3. In the second paragraph, "remarkable powers" means ______.
A.extraordinary functions
B.great strength
C.talkative characters
D.abilities to give marks
A B C D
A
[解析] (见第2段) extraordinary。functions意为“非凡的功能”。
4. It seems unfortunate that basically a computer can ______.
5. The best possible title of the passage is ______.
A.computer and its users
B.computer and its structure
C.computer and its future
D.computer and its basic capabilities
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题要求为文章命题。全文主要是谈论计算机及其基本功能,故D)为答案。其他三项都嫌片面。
(C)
The way in which memory takes place is not known. Some psychologists (心理学家) think that there is a physical change in the brain ceils or nerves when learning takes place. Psychologists are also unable to say what makes people forget. Some things are forgotten quickly while others are always remembered. Sometimes a person seems to have forgotten certain material completely, yet is able to relearn the material more quickly than when he first learned it. In trying to understand memory, psychologists have done a lot of experiments. Psychologists have found that the conditions under which something is learned have an effect on how well it is remembered. When a great deal of material is to be learned, for example, to learn one thing at a time is better than to learn many things at a time. A person then learns more quickly and remembers better. Learning two similar things one after the other seems to have a bad effect on memory. When a person memorizes two sets of historical dates, one after the other, for example, he may mix up the two--the learning of new material prevents the remembering of the already learned material. Most forgetting takes place in the first day or so after learning. After that, forgetting happens more slowly. Material that is understood--such as ideas or riddles (谜语)--is not so easily forgotten. Very little forgetting takes place in time if an idea is well understood. The more meaningful the learned material is, the better it will be remembered.
6. The reasons for remembering and forgetting ______.
A.are not clearly known by people
B.are clearly known by only psychologists
C.are different from person to person
D.are not being paid enough attention to
A B C D
A
[解析] 短文(D)第1句话就阐明了记忆是怎样产生的尚未知晓(The way in which memory takes place is not known)。答案A)与这句话同义。
7. What psychologists can be certain of is that ______.
A.remembering and forgetting are not different from each other
B.the way we learn affects how much we remember
C.the more people learn, the better they can remember
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man's life and two to a woman's. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm. Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn't smoke. There's a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse's death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects. So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.
11. A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: "People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected." William Farr's study and other studies show that ______.
A.social life provides an effective cure for illness
B.being sociable helps improve one's quality of life
C.women benefit more than men from marriage
D.marriage contributes a great deal to longevity
A B C D
D
12. Linda Waite's studies support the idea that ______.
A.older men should quit smoking to stay healthy
B.marriage can help make up for ill health
C.the married are happier than the unmarried
D.unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life
A B C D
B
13. It can be inferred from the context that the "flip side" (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to ______.
A.the disadvantages of being married
B.the emotional problems arising from marriage
C.the responsibility of taking care of one's family
D.the consequence of a broken marriage
A B C D
A
14. What does the author say about social networks?
A.They have effects similar to those of a marriage.
B.They help develop people's community spirit.
C.They provide timely support for those in need.
D.They help relieve people of their life's burdens.
A B C D
C
15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.It's important that we develop a social network when young.
B.To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.
C.Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.
D.We should share our social networks with each other.
A B C D
B
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations. Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee's is one of them. The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities. Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. "Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project."
16. By "a one-way street" (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ______.
A.university researchers know little about the commercial world
B.there is little exchange between industry and academia
C.few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D.few university professors are willing to do industrial research
A B C D
C
17. The word "deterrent" (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ______.
A.keeps someone from taking action
B.helps to move the traffic
C.attracts people's attention
D.brings someone a financial burden
A B C D
C
18. What was Helen Lee's major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A.Flexible work hours.
B.Her research interests.
C.Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
D.Prospects of academic accomplishments.
A B C D
B
19. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ______.
A.do financially more rewarding work
B.raise his status in the academic world
C.enrich his experience in medical research
D.exploit better intellectual opportunities
A B C D
D
20. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A.Increase its graduates' competitiveness in the job market.
B.Develop its students' potential in research.
C.Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D.Gear its research towards practical applications.