Section A In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, one question will be asked, and you have fifteen seconds to read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.
[听力原文] W: What should we do about the animals while we're on vacation? M: I was thinking of asking our neighbour, Ray, to take them in. But, we've got three cats and a dog. It's really a lot to ask. W: Yeah, it is. You know, there's a pet motel on Portland Avenue. I'll go online and look for reviews about the place. Question: What was the woman going to do according to the conversation?
[解析] 录音中说到女士要去网上找一些关于宠物旅馆的信息。因此选B项。
2.
A.Smokers do not care about the raise.
B.Some smokers just stop smoking.
C.Lots of smokers protest against the raise.
D.Some smokers smoke more than before.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] M: Things are changing, however. Smoking rates are dropping all around the world. Just the other day there was a newspaper report that said New Zealand is raising prices on a pack of cigarettes to US $15 by the year 2016! W: US $15!? Wow! That's really expensive. But is there any proof that high prices are a deterrent? M: There have been quite a few studies that show that every time a country raises cigarette taxes and prices, a certain percentage of smokers quit. Question: How does the rising of cigarettes prices affect smokers?
[解析] 根据录音中的“There have been quite a few studies that show that ever time a country raises cigarette taxes and prices, a certain percentage of smokers quit”可知，烟草价格上升，吸烟者就会相应的减少。因此选B项。
3.
A.Are you married or single?
B.Where do you come from?
C.Who did you vote for in the last election?
D.Do you like the weather today?
A B C D
A
[听力原文] W: Yeah, I know...but in many Western societies, talking about money in public is a faux pas. M: What's a faux pas? W: It's a French term that means a social blunder. Questions like that are considered a little bit impolite. Question: Which of the following may be a faux pas in the UK?
[解析] 根据录音中女士的话可知，在英国，诸如“你结婚了吗还是单身”是被看作无礼的。因此选A项。
4.
A.Tipping is unfair for visitors to America and Canada.
B.Tipping is the guarantee of good service.
C.Quality service must be supplied in restaurants.
D.Waiters and waitress are equal in getting tips.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] M: I can understand how tipping might not be convenient, especially for visitors to America. The one thing that I dislike about tipping in the U. S. is how sometimes the restaurant staff forget that tips are supposed to be a reward for quality service. W: Yeah, that's a problem in Canada as well. Tipping has become such a part of the culture that everyone just expects one...even if they don't offer good service. M: But quality service is supposed to be a part of the job! A restaurant hires staff to be a waiter or waitress and that means service is part of the job! The restaurant is paying you...your salary is your tip! Question: What is the man's opinion towards tipping?
[听力原文] M: Hello Gina! We've spoken so many times on the phone but it's so good to finally meet you in person! W: Hello sir. Good to meet you, too. So how was your journey? M: Pretty good. There was a bit of turbulence while we were over the Pacific Ocean but it wasn't too bad. The worst thing was the guy behind me. He snored all through the night! Question: How did the man get to meet Gina?
[解析] 录音中该男士指出，在他飞过太平洋的时候，飞机遭受了一些气流。因此选A项。
Section B In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One Listen to the conversation, mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to your listening.
1. Rachel came to see Dr. Jones because Dr. Jones needs her further explanation of an extension for her essay.
对 错
B
[听力原文] M: Come in. Ah, good morning, Rachel. Have you come to talk about your extended essay? W: That's right Dr. Jones. I wanted to ask what you thought about my decision on the subject. M: Yes, you initially wanted to write about working conditions in 19th century factories but you were later contemplating looking at the conditions inside hospitals in 19th century northern towns. W: That's right. I thought about it for a long time and weighed up the pros and cons and I didn't decide for ages. M: Well, I think you were right to stick with your first idea. There're so many better sources available on the subject. There are plenty of articles in magazines and the odd TV and radio programme on the other subjects but everything is rather superficial; there's no real academic knowledge to draw on. W: Yes, I found that out. I found lots of books but nothing really to help me; even on the internet. In the end, when I decided on my first choice topic I found lots of really good stuff in magazines, books and the internet. Particularly one book which is the major reference that you'll see quoted all over the place. M: Well, I'm glad you came to that decision. Let's have a look at that essay now. W: What did you think? I've spent ages on it but I'm only about 80 percent happy with it. M: Well, I wouldn't be too down about it. I think most of it is pretty good. I liked the introduction which really set out your ideas clearly. The middle needs some attention but the end was really first rate.
[解析] 题目中Rachel讲到“I wanted to ask what you thought about my decision on the subject.”由此可见，为了询问老师对于论文选题的看法，是Rachel主动找的Dr. Jones，而不是Dr. Jones想听Rachel进一步的解释。因此，该判断错误。
2. The working conditions of hospitals in 19th century was Rachel's decision on her topic of the essay.
对 错
B
[解析] 录音中提到“...initially wanted to write about working conditions in 19th century factories but you were later contemplating looking at the conditions inside hospitals in 19th century northern towns.”还提到“Well, I think you were right to stick with your first idea.”意思就是说，Rachel起初的论文选题是19世纪工厂的工作条件，后来是19世纪北方城镇的医院条件，老师认为第一项选题较好。因此，该判断错误。
3. Rachel chose the topic at last because there're lots of sources that she can refer to.
对 错
A
[解析] 根据录音内容，“when I decided on my first choice topic I found lots of really good stuff in magazines, books and the internet.”由此可见，第一项选题的参考资料很多。因此，该判断正确。
4. Dr. Jones thought Rachel's essay was only 80 percent completed.
对 错
B
[解析] 根据录音内容，“I've spent ages on it but I'm only about 80 percent happy with it.”Rachel自身并不是100%绝对满意，意思是说自我满意度只有80%，而不是只完成了80%的内容。因此，该判断错误。
5. Dr. Jones appreciated the end of Rachel's essay.
对 错
A
[解析] 根据录音内容，老师评论“the end was really first rate”，“first rate”是“一流的，最好的”意思。由此可见，Dr Jones认为最后的结尾是“一流的，最好的”。因此，该判断正确。
Conversation Two Listen to the conversation, and choose the answer according to what you hear.
A.It is very dirty and no longer good to live in cities.
B.They are too crowded with exploded population.
C.Cities are extraordinary in creating opportunities.
D.We need to save the industry and garments in cities.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] Faiza: Big cities are vibrant hubs for culture and industry, or dirty, congested, crime-ridden warrens. As the world population surpasses seven billion, economists, environmentalists and social scientists are rethinking the role of the city in global society. Economist Edward Glaeser believes cities are the best places to live. Glaeser: Cities are so fascinating because they play to mankind's greatest gift, which is our ability to learn from other people. Faiza: Since ancient times, he says, cities have attracted smart people and enabled them to work collaboratively to advance society. But it wasn't always a smooth road. Glaeser: In the 1970s, it looked as if globalization, new technologies and the death of distance was making our older cities obsolete. After all, the garment industry was fleeing New York. It looked like history itself was telling New York City to drop dead. Faiza: Over the past three decades many cities have been revitalized, not just despite globalization and new technologies, but, as Glaeser explains, because of them. Glaeser: What these new forces have done is they've increased the returns to new ideas, to being smart. Because, now if you got a new idea, you can manufacture it on the other side of the planet. You can take advantage of some new market opportunity in India or Indonesia or Sub-Saharan Africa. These trends have also made cities more important because cities are at their heart today, engines of innovations, forgers of human capital. Faiza: In a new book, "Triumph of the City, "Glaeser takes readers on a world tour of urban success stories from Boston and London, to Bangalore and Kinshasa. He explains how cities are places of pleasure and production. Restaurants, supermarkets, theaters and museums create job opportunities and vibrant economies. Glaeser: If you look across the world, the countries where more than half of the people live in urban areas are more than four times richer, on average, than the countries where less than half of the people live in urban areas.
[解析] 录音中Glaeser提到“Cities are so fascinating because they play to mankind's greatest gift, which is our ability to learn from other people.”由此可知城市可以给人们提供许多机会。因此选C项。
2. What did globalization bring to older cities, such as New York, in 1970s?
A.New technologies and prosperity.
B.The rising of garment industry.
C.Reductions in population.
D.A severe depression.
A B C D
D
[解析] 由录音中“In the 1970s, it looked as if globalization...was making our older cities obsolete.”可知，在1970s全球化使老城市衰退，因此选D项。
3. What is the current role of cities in the world?
A.Cities are more and more important.
B.They are less important than before.
C.People believe cities are always the heart of manufacturing.
D.There are advantages in cities in market opportunities.
A B C D
A
[解析] 根据录音中“These trends have also made cities more important”可知，城市更加重要了，因此选A项。
4. What is the main focus of Glaeser's book Triumph of the City?
A.Techniques of looking for jobs in cities.
B.His legend in travelling around the world.
C.Pleasure and prospects of living in cities.
D.Comparisons between living in cities and countryside.
A B C D
C
[解析] 录音中提到在Triumph of the City中“He explains how cities are places of pleasure and production.”由此可知Glaeser在书中主要讲了城市的乐趣和生产力。因此选C项。
5. According to Glaeser, what is the advantage of countries with more than half population living in urban areas comparing to those with less than half population living in urban areas?
Section C In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. How many people died under the lamivudine drug treatment?
A.7.
B.15.
C.2.
D.13.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] A doctor in rural Liberia inundated with Ebola patients says he's had good results with a treatment he tried out of sheer desperation: an HIV drug. Dr. Gobee Logan has given the drug, lamivudine, to 15 Ebola patients, and all but two survived. That's a 7% mortality rate. Across West Africa, the virus has killed 70% of its victims.
[解析] 根据录音中的“Dr. Gobee Logan has given the drug...to 15 Ebola patients, and all but two survived”可知，在拉米夫定的治疗下，15位病人中仅有两位存活。因此选D项。
2. Who is trying to topple the Assad government?
A.Syrian.
B.Islamic State militants.
C.Pakistani.
D.The US.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] The White House says there are no plans to coordinate with Syria in the fight against Islamic State militants who threaten the United States and are trying to topple the Assad government. Reports say the Pentagon has already started surveillance flights over Syria to track the movements of the Islamic State ahead of possible airstrikes on the militants.
[解析] 根据录音第一句“The White House says there are no plans...Islamic State militants who are trying to topple the Assad government”可知，伊斯兰国政府军试图推翻叙利亚阿萨德政府。因此选B项。
3. Why did the people ask for permission of shooting monkeys?
A.Their daily life is seriously disturbed by monkeys.
B.They are afraid of these annoying monkeys.
C.Their food and drinks have been stolen by monkeys.
D.The amount of monkeys is increasing rapidly.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] People in eastern Sri Lanka have asked the government for permission to shoot monkeys because they have become a nuisance. The council leader of Kattankudi said the animals were entering houses and eating food. He said more than 70 people have been bitten by monkeys this year.
A.The remains of victims of Malaysian Airliner haven't been recovered yet.
B.16 investigators have managed to reach the crash site of Malaysian Airliner.
C.The fighting between Ukrainian government forces and the rebels continues.
D.The remains found in the Malaysian Airliner crash have been identified.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] Dutch and Australian forensic experts have recovered the remains of more victims of the downed Malaysian Airliner in eastern Ukraine. A group of more than 60 investigators managed to reach the crash site despite continuing fighting nearby between Ukrainian government forces and the rebels who were accused of shooting the plane down. The remains will be taken to the Netherlands for identification.
[解析] 由录音中的描述“A group of more than 60 investigators...continuing fighting between Ukrainian government and the rebels”可知，乌克兰政府军和反抗组织的冲突还在继续。因此选C项。
5. Why does RecepTayyip Erdogan decide to change the constitution?
A.Because he is the country's first elected president.
B.Because he wants to strengthen his powers.
C.Because he wants to show allegiance to Turkey's sovereignty.
D.Because he emphasizes the founding principle of secularism.
A B C D
B
[听力原文] It was a triumphant moment for Turkey's most powerful politician in a generation—Recep Tayyip Erdogan sworn in as the country's first elected president, a previously ceremonial post. He's vowed to change the constitution to increase his power, but that is to come. Today the focus was on his oath of office. He swore allegiance to Turkey's sovereignty and its founding principle of secularism. But that, say his critics, is what he no longer upholds.
[解析] 根据录音中的“He's vowed to change the constitution to increase his power”可知，RecepTayyip Erdogan改变宪法是为了加强他的权力。因此选B项。
Section D In this section, you will hear two short passages. The passages will be read twice. After each passage, there will be a thirty-second pause. During the pause, write the answers on the answer sheet.
Dictation Listen to the passage. For questions 21—25, fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. The subject of this lecture is horology, the science of measuring time. The 1 has come a long way since ancient times. It began with such devices as the sundial, where the position of the sun's shadow marked the hour. Daylight was divided into 12 2 hours, which were longer in the summer and shorter in the winter, simply because the amount of daylight changes with the seasons. The earliest sundial we know comes from Egypt, which was made of stone. Sundials were used through the classical world, and with time, evolved into 3 that could take into account seasonal changes and 4 positioning and reflect the hours accurately. This was quite an achievement in technology. Today, sundials can be seen as decorative pieces in many gardens. In the 11th century, the Chinese invented the first mechanical clocks. They were large and expensive, and certainly not 5 individuals. However, this is the type of clocks we are familiar with today. There have been many developments in clocks and watches since then, and they've been greatly improved. However, if your clock or watch makes a ticking sound, then it could well be based on the mechanical movements the Chinese developed a thousand years ago!
[听力原文] The subject of this lecture is horology, the science of measuring time. The measurement of time has come a long way since ancient times. It began with such devices as the sundial, where the position of the sun's shadow marked the hour. Daylight was divided into 12 temporary hours, which were longer in the summer and shorter in the winter, simply because the amount of daylight changes with the seasons. The earliest sundial we know comes from Egypt, which was made of stone. Sundials were used through the classical world, and with time, evolved into more elaborate devices that could take into account seasonal changes and geographical positioning and reflect the hours accurately. This was quite an achievement in technology. Today, sundials can be seen as decorative pieces in many gardens. In the 11th century, the Chinese invented the first mechanical clocks. They were large and expensive, and certainly not intended for individuals. However, this is the type of clocks we are familiar with today. There have been many developments in clocks and watches since then, and they've been greatly improved. However, if your clock or watch makes a ticking sound, then it could well be based on the mechanical movements the Chinese developed a thousand years ago!
2.
temporary
3.
more elaborate devices
4.
geographical
5.
intended for
Summary Listen to the passage. For questions 26—30, complete the notes using no more than three words for each blank. This year witnesses an ever intense 1 scramble for places. Each remaining 2 place means six-person competition. Alternatives include 3 , apprentice-ships and studying at home. Students can strengthen their chances in next-year's reapplication by getting 4 or other skills. Yet poor long-term 5 and a drop in graduate recruitment make it worse to be a university student in UK.
[听力原文] This year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the weak economy, an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at universities, has produced even more of a scramble for places than usual. Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining undergraduate place. The British University Admissions Service, UCAS, says up to a quarter of this year's university applicants—almost 190,000 people—have not been admitted into a degree course. That's an increase of over 46,000 students from last year. Faced with these figures, some British students might consider an interesting alternative: studying abroad. The University of Nottingham, for example, is offering places at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Students at these institutions can earn University of Nottingham degrees in business, accounting, engineering and English. Similarly, the university of Bolton says it has "unlimited" places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates. To deal with these problems, the UK's Higher Education Minister, David Willetts, is encouraging students who haven't made the grade to consider alternatives to university, such as apprenticeships and studying at home. "There are a range of options available," he says. "People can reapply next year, so they should consider spending this year in a way that will add positively to their CVs. Getting practical work experience or other skills will strengthen their chances next year." Some commentators say, though, that rising university costs, poor long-term job prospects, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this is the worst time to be a university student in the UK.
[解析] (录音开头提到“This year has seen a record number of people applying to university. This, combined with the weak economy, an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at universities, has produced even more of a scramble for places than usual”，即今年申请大学的人数创下历史新高。这加上疲软的经济、不确定的就业市场和大学的预算削减，已经产生了更多的对大学机会的争夺。因此填dilemma，表示“进退两难；窘境”。)
2.
undergraduate
[解析] (录音中提到“Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining undergraduate place”，即有消息称每一个本科名额都有六个候选者在竞争，因此填undergraduate，表示“大学生；本科生”。)
3.
studying abroad
[解析] (录音中提到“some British students might consider an interesting alternative: studying abroad”，即一些英国的学生会考虑出国留学这个有趣的选择，因此填studying abroad，表示“海外学习”。)
4.
practical work experience
[解析] (录音中提到“Getting practical work experience or other skills will strengthen their chances next year”，即获得一些实践工作经验或者其他技术会增加你第二年申请成功的几率，因此填practical work experience。)
5.
job prospects
[解析] (录音中提到“poor long-term job prospects, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this is the worst time to be a university student in the UK”，即就业前景的长期萎靡、毕业生招聘率下降意味着这是对英国大学生来说最糟糕的时期。因此填job prospects，表示“就业前景”。)
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary ﹠ Grammar There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. The writer has ______ some slang words from her essay.
9. A: What time is this meeting supposed to begin? B: I'm not sure. I thought it was to start at 7:00p.m., but it's already 7:20p.m. A: ______ B: It's unlikely that the guest speaker has arrived yet. I think he is still eating his dinner. A: Well, that explains it!
A.What do you think the problem is?
B.Don't you know?
C.Are you sure?
D.What do we do then?
A B C D
A
[解析] 由空格后面的回答：“嘉宾应该还没到，我想他仍在吃饭”可知A选项正确。
10. Mike: If you are not busy, would you by any chance be interested in going to the movie with me this Saturday? Susan: I'd love to, but I can't. I have to study for my exams. Mike: ______ Susan: Thanks for asking though. Maybe we can see a movie some other time.
A.Don't do this.
B.That's too had.
C.Don't you think you can make it?
D.Fantastic.
A B C D
B
[解析] Susan谢绝了Mike的邀请，选项B可以表达出Mike的遗憾。
11. —Who are your main competitors? —It depends on the region. There are a lot of local producers in Europe and we cannot compete with them onprice. However, ______. —Well, thanks for your introduction. I'm really impressed.
A.we have a reputation for low price
B.high transport costs make it very unprofitable to do business
C.you can compare prices of various shops and find the best deal
D.we are well known in the market for high quality and reliability
Part Ⅲ Cloze Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. February 14 is Valentine's Day. Although it is celebrated as a lovers' holiday today, with rite giving of candy, flowers, or other gifts between couples in love, it originated in 5th Century Rome as a tribute 1 St. Valentine, a Catholic bishop. For eight hundred years before the 2 (establish) of Valentine's Day, the Romans had pr 3 a pagan(异教徒) celebration in mid-February honoring young men's ceremony of passage to the god Lupercus. The celebration was characterized by lottery in 4 young men would draw the names of teen 5 girls from a box. The girl given to each young man in this way would be his companion the rest of the year. In an effort to do away with such a f 6 , Pope Gelasius ordered a slight change in the lottery. Instead of the names of young women, the box would contain the names of saints. 7 the men and women were allowed to draw from the box, and the game was to imi 8 the ways of the saint they drew during the rest of rite year. However, many young Roman men were not too pleased 9 the copying. Instead of the pagan god Lupercus, the Church looked for a suitable saint of love to take his p 10 . They found an appropriate choice in Valentine, who, in AD 270 had been killed by Enter Claudius.
1.
to
[解析] a tribute to sb. 意为“向……致敬，悼念……”。本句译文：如今尽管恋爱中的情侣在这一天互赠糖果、鲜花和其他礼物，把它作为情人节来庆祝，但是它起初在5世纪的罗马出现时是为了表达对一位天主教徒Valentine的悼念。
[解析] take one's place代替。本句译文：为了替代异教的Lupercus神，教会开始寻找合适的爱情守护神。
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Section A The latest Human Development Report from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed by climate change. The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to assess "human development" around the world, and calculates a "Human Development Index" (HDI) for 169 countries. The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country. Not surprisingly, rich countries tend to have higher HDIs than poor countries, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others. According to the 2010 report, the country with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland. Most of the lowest HDIs belong to countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Almost all countries around the world have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods and services. Even in countries with severe economic problems, people's level of health and education has generally improved. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is critical, however, of the fact that economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries. The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change. Economic growth increases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption. However, if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warming will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problems in some parts of the world that will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers of people. The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not be Sustainable. The only solution, according to the report, is to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions—which, needless to say, is easier said than done. Complete the following form with no more than three words according to the passage.
A Global Picture of Human Development Index
Resource
The 2010 report of UNDP's 1 Human Development Report, since 1990 that examine the HDI for 169 countries.
Criteria
Average income, 2 and level of education.
Results
Norway, Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland score top while 3 countries rank the bottom.
While the world's 4 HDI has increased, extreme poverty has worsened since the 2008 financial crisis. The economic inequality is enlarged within and between countries.
Indication
5 would be the greatest threat to HDI improvement in the future.
[解析] (由第二段第二句“The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country”可知，该指数的三个衡量标准是一个国家人民的平均收入、寿命预期和教育水平。因此填life expectancy，表示“寿命预期”。)
From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the U.K. is loaded with wonderful icons (标志) of past eras. 1 It's now better known for vibrant (充满活力的) cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping—the U.K. is among the world's best. 2 But if you're one of these people, you'd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. It's certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the U.K. 3 Budget (廉价的) airlines like EasyJET and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker than buses. London's famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance (个体的) drivers. But usually you need to give a call first. London's underground is called the Tube. It's very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city. 4 The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherd's pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food culture. 5 Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart clubbing while pubbing is much more casual. Complete the article with the following sentences. There are two extra sentences that you do not need to use. A. Getting around England is pretty easy. B. But it has also modernized with confidence. C. The U.K. is a country that is both ancient and modern. D. Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. E. The U.K. is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. F. Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. G. Coaches in the U.K. are faster but more expensive than buses.
Section C Although few would deny that it's better to be rich than poor, for some people the quest for money is so all-consuming that it extinguishes all other aspects of life. The cause of the compulsion to make enormous sums of money varies with the individual, but often money is a substitute for something a person's life lacks. To some, money means security. To some, it means power. To others it means they are going to be able to buy love, and to a fourth group it means competition and winning the game. The belief that money can produce these things often leads to insomnia, heart attacks and problems with a spouse or children. A tremendous need for power is invariably the bottom line for those driven to make a lot of money. The bigger the pile, the more powerful they think they will feel. Parents and family background also influence a person's pursuit of money. Many people who grew up poor and then made a fortune live in fear that they will lose it. Others strive for money to compete with their wealthy, successful parents. They want to be successful at any price. They do not feel they should enjoy what they have earned. Making money for its own sake can be addicting like high-stakes gambling. Some very wealthy people work so many hours, so hard and at such an intense pace that they totally neglect themselves. They don't eat right. They don't sleep right. They just act as if they were poor, as if they were struggling to make a dime. Many wealthy people are driven by the need for approval. But they may go out of their ways not to appear wealthy out of fear that they may receive less support from others. Obsession with money is a man's problem, but with the ranks of female executives growing, the feverish quest for money is becoming more of "equal-opportunity" problem. In some ways, women may have the greatest conflict with making money. In society's eyes, financial achievement is not fully satisfying for women. They must also be successful as nurturers. Answer the following questions according to the passage.
1. What is money in the author's point of view?
A substitute for something a person's life lacks.
[解析] (文章第二段第一句话给出答案。)
2. What are the probable results of the wrong belief about money?
Insomnia, heart attacks and problems with a spouse or children.
[解析] (第二段最后一句话给出答案。)
3. What is the bottom line for those driven to make a lot of money?
The need for power.
[解析] (文章第三段第一句话给出答案：对权力的需求是the bottom line for those driven to make a lot of money.)
4. Why are many wealthy people crazy about making money?
They need approval and fear that they may receive less support from others.
[解析] (从倒数第二段可得出答案。)
5. Why may women have the greatest conflict with making money?
They must be successful both in finance and as nurturers.
[解析] (最后一段最后一句话给出答案。)
Section D A collision between an aircraft and one or more birds is termed a bird-strike. Pilots sometimes record a birdstrike while at cruising altitudes, but most of them happen when an aircraft is relatively close to the ground, usually in proximity to an airport and during the circling, descent to land or take-off phases of a flight. Birdstrikes may cause significant damage to an aircraft and/or, if the birds are ingested into a jet engine, a significant and sudden loss of power. If this were to happen during take-off or initial climb of a fully loaded passenger aircraft the results could be catastrophic-loss of the aircraft and the lives of those on board. Any bird is a potential hazard to aircraft and this is especially true as bird numbers and bird size increase. Unfortunately airports themselves can be attractive to birds-rodents, insects and other small animals are a food source often found in flat grassed areas such as the runway strips. Even so, this problem can be reduced by careful habitat management or bird harassment techniques practised by airport maintenance and safety personnel. Care needs to be taken by local authorities in deciding the location of rubbish tips, or when permitting other land uses that may be attractive to birds in this way. Of course these effects cannot always be anticipated with certainty since birds such as gulls have been recorded as travelling 50 kilometres or more from their roosting area to an attractive food source. Local authority planning schemes often apply strict controls on developments such as abattoirs, cattle feed lots, grain handling, piggeries, canals and marina developments, fish farms, and suchlike. In most cases these uses will not be permitted without a full environmental study. That study should be required to deal with the question of likely bird hazards if the proposed location is in proximity to an airport. In some instances it may be necessary to consider ways of managing a particular land use in order to reduce its attractiveness to birds, for example the adoption of land-fill measures at garbage tips, or enclosed rather than open-air activity. Specialist ornithological opinion may be necessary. In such cases it may not be possible to implement immediate changes in land use, but this should not inhibit the adoption of long-term measures which are designed to achieve this. Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank. A collision between an aircraft and one or more birds is known as a bird strike. It usually happens when an aircraft is close to the 1 , and may result in significant damage of the aircraft or loss of the aircraft and the lives of passengers and crew if they occur during take-off or 2 climb. Because birds can find plenty food in flat grassed areas, airports are especially attractive to birds. However, the danger can be minimized by careful 3 management or bird harassment techniques. Local authorities need to take care when deciding on land uses. It is suggested that a full 4 study should be made before making plans of developments on the land in proximity to an airport. Local authorities should get advice from specialists and take 5 in order to bring about changes in land use.
1.
ground
[解析] (文章第一段第二句提到but most of them happen when an aircraft is relatively close to the ground。“所有这些飞行事故的发生都是在飞机接近地面的时候。”)
2.
initial
[解析] (文章第二段提到If this were to happen during take-off or initial climb...the aircraft and the lives of those on board.“当所有这些发生在起飞或初次攀升的时候，就会造成飞机失事，乘客丧命。”)
3.
habitat
[解析] (第三段提到机场往往会成为鸟儿最喜欢的地方，因为他们可以来这觅食，所以为了防止事故的发生，“this problem can be reduced by careful habitat management or bird harassment techniques”。)
4.
environmental
[解析] (文章倒数第二段提到In most cases these uses will not be permitted without a full environmental study，因此在决定土地使用的时候，要对环境进行考察。)
5.
measures
[解析] (文章最后一段最后两句话提到In such cases it may not be possible to implement...measures which are designed to achieve this. 摘要中可以概括为measures。)
Part Ⅴ Translation
Section A Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
1. Much of the discussion of environmental problems in the popular press leaves the reader with the impression that matters have been growing steadily worse, and that pollution is largely a product of the profit system and modem industrialization. There are environmental problems today that are both enormous and pressing, but in fact pollution is nothing new. Medieval cities were pest holes—the streets and rivers were littered with garbage and the air stank of rotting wastes.
Section B Translate the underlined sentences into English by using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. 1 我希望这个新学年成为对我的学生们有益的一年。(want...to be)他们会在新学年学习很多东西，包括微积分、莎士比亚和失败。 没错，就是失败。 根据多种流传的说法，梭罗是个失败者。这位哈佛毕业生似乎把自己的大部分时间都用来在瓦尔登湖畔家乡附近的树林里闲逛。 2 大家都不明白为什么这样一个本来前途光明的人为什么却没能“成功”。(宾语从句)我并不是建议我的学生逃课去逛树林。 3 但重要的是要记住，成功的概念是各种各样的。(it's important to)有人以自己所开汽车的大小来衡量成功，还有人看自己的钱包有多鼓，或家中有几间浴室。最值得敬佩的人是那些开创自己成功模式的人，而其成功常常是从失败中吸取教训的结果。他们知道如何抓住时机，也知道何时应该顺其自然。 4 衡量成功最好的方式是充分把握每一天。(the best way to) 新学年开学是为自己重新确定方向的大好时机，也是从新的角度来看待失败的大好时机。我希望学生们修改自己的作业，在初稿失败的基础上使终稿做到清晰和透彻。 5 对人生中大部分事情而言，这都是一种好模式。(model)
1.
I want this new school year to be a good one for my students
[解析] (want...to be希望……成为。school year学年。)
2.
Everyone wondered why such a promising young fellow wasn't a "success"．
But it's important to remember that ideas of success vary.
[解析] (it's important to do做……很重要。vary动词，意为“变化；有不同”。)
4.
The best way to measure success is by living each day to the fullest.
[解析] (the best way to做……最好的方式。measure衡量。)
5.
That's a good model for most things in life.
[解析] (model典范；模范。“most”此处为形容词，意为“大多数的”。)
Part Ⅵ Error Correction Proofread the passage as required. Each indicated line contains a maximum of one error. Correct the passage in the following way: for a right line, put the sign "√" in the corresponding blank; for a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank; for a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with the sign "∧" and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank; for an, unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with the sign "—" and put the word with the sign in the blank. Write the answers on the answer sheet. The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live like our prehistoric human 1 ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing with animal foods. 2 An analysis of 58 societies of modern hunter-gatherers, including the Kung of southern Africa, revealed that one-half emphasize gathering plant foods, one-third concentrate on fishing, and only one-sixth are primarily hunters. Overall, two-thirds and more of the hunter-gatherer's calories come from 3 plants. Detailed studies of the Kung by the food scientists at the University of London, showed that gathering is a more productive source of food than is hunting. An hour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible 4 calories, as an hour of gathering produces 240. 5 Plant foods provide for 60 percent to 80 percent of the Kung diet, and no 6 one goes hungry when the hunt fails. Interestingly, if they escape fatal infections or accidents, these contemporary aborigines live to old ages despite of the absence 7 of medical care. They experience no obesity, no middle-aged spread, little dental decay, no high blood pressure, no heart disease, and their blood cholesterol levels are very low (about half of the average American adult). 8 If no one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life style, we certainly 9 could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet. 10
2. Two men, starting at the same point, walk in opposite directions for 4 meters, turn left and walk another 3 meters. What is the distance between them?
3. A train traveling at a speed of 45 mph enters a tunnel that is 0.5 miles long. The length of the train is 0.25 miles. How long does it take for all of the train to pass through the tunnel, from the moment the front enters, to the moment the rear emerges?
4. Henry is a beggar. He has the habit of picking up cigarette ends left by other people. He can always make one new cigarette out of seven ends. One Saturday night he collected 49 cigarette ends. The next day be made them into cigarettes and smoked them all. How many whole cigarettes did he smoke that day?
Eight
[解析] 亨利用49个香烟头做了7支香烟，抽完后又用这7个烟头做了1支香烟，所以共计8支烟。
5. Which of the figures below the line of drawings best completes the series?
A B C D
D
[解析] 第一行第一朵比第二朵多1个花瓣；由此规律可排除B，C两项。注意第二行的花蕊为空心。
Part Ⅷ Writing
Ⅰ
1. You were invited to have dinner with your friend. After the dinner, write a reply to express your thanks and willing to invite him back, and look forward to his coming to your house. Write your letter in no less than 120 words on the answer sheet. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ying" instead. You do not need to write the address.
Dear Mike, Thanks for having invited me to have dinner with you in your house. It was such a great dining experience with you and your family. Your parents were so nice and friendly. Your hospitality made me feel at home. I didn't know that you were so good at cooking, and the delicacies you cooked were wonderful, especially the steak. I can still remember the endless savor. Will you be free next Sunday? If so, I'd like to invite you to my house. I like cooking and hope that you can give me a chance to give you a treat. Please tell me if you are available at that time. I'm looking forward to your coming.
Sincerely, Li Ying
Ⅱ
1. Nowadays, heavy traffic has become the source of greatest complaint in many big cities. What can we do on this problem in your opinion? Write your composition of no less than 160 words on the answer sheet.
How to Solve tile Problem of Heavy Traffic
Nowadays, heavy traffic has seriously influenced people's daily life and economic development. To solve the problem, I have the following suggestions: Firstly, we should promote public transportation. The number of private cars should be limited while more bus routes should be opened up because buses can accommodate more passengers in the given space. Meanwhile, the reduction of private cars is helpful to lessen air pollution. Secondly, the companies are encouraged to adopt the flex-time system to avoid traffic jam in rush-hours. With the flex-time system, people will not go to work or knock off work at the same time. Therefore, the traffic problem will be less severe accordingly. Thirdly, it's a good idea to build subways to reduce the traffic density on the road. Subway takes full advantage of the underground space. In order to relieve the pressure of the ground transportation, subway is required to construct. What's more, developing three-dimensional traffic lines such as building a large number of city overpasses to ease ground traffic pressure is also quite effective. If all the mentioned suggested solutions are adopted, I believe we will enjoy our everyday journey much more.
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