银符考试题库-在线练习-同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语真题2006年

同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语真题2006年

Paper One

Part Ⅰ Dialogue Communication

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. A: Sorry to bother you, but could you tell me the way to the Sunset Road?
B: ______

A.Sorry I couldn't help.
B.Yes, what can I do for you?
C.I'm afraid I have no idea.
D.It's not too far from here, is it?

A B C D

C项意思明了，且语气婉转，表示“不好意思，我也不知道。”

2. A: Do you do exercise every day?
B: ______

A.No, it depends on what kind of exercise.
B.No, I go to health club most of the time.
C.Yes, usually every day.
D.Yes, rain or shine.

A B C D

问题是“你是每天都锻炼吗?”D项符合题意，即“是的，无论晴天还是雨天。”rain or shine是习惯表达，意思是“无论晴雨，晴雨无阻”。usually和every day两个表示频率的状语置于一起会有冲突，故不选C项。

3. A: That was a delicious meal, Mrs. Barr. Thank you very much.
B: ______

A.You're welcome.
B.Never mind.
C.It doesn't matter.
D.It's just OK.

A B C D

当客人对主人的款待表示感谢时，主人通常回答“别客气！”故选A项。Never mind意思是“不要紧，没关系，不必介意”：It doesn't matter意思是“无关紧要”。

4. A: I have a last favor to ask you. Could you drive my daughter to the airport?
B: ______

A.Shall I get the ticket for her?
B.Yeah, I like that.
C.You bet I will.
D.Sure, it'd be a pleasure.

A B C D

it'd be a pleasure表示“愿意或很高兴干……”，这里表示欣然接受对方的请求。

5. A: May I see the dentist now7
B: ______

A.Is it a real emergency?
B.Do you have an appointment?
C.In that case, you'll have to wait.
D.I'll talk to the dentist and squeeze you in.

A B C D

have an appointment表示“约定，预约”，符合前后语境。其他三项虽然与看病有关，但前后不搭配。

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation, there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer to the question from 4 choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. Man: I'm going to ask the neighbors to turn the music down. I can't hear myself think.
Woman: Do you really think it makes any difference to them?
Question: What does the woman mean?

A.He should have told them earlier.
B.It is of no use to turn the music down.
C.The neighbors will not listen to him.
D.He should focus on his own thinking.

A B C D

make a/some/no/any/not much/a great deal of difference意思是“有(颇有，没有，有何，没有多大，有很大)意义或重要性”。由此可见女士的意思是“他们根本不会听你的话而有所收敛”，故选C项。

2. Man: What shall we take for the trip?
Woman: We'd better take the bare necessities.
Question: What does the woman suggest?

A.They should take as little as possible.
B.They should take their daily necessities.
C.They should take as much as they can.
D.They should take nothing with them.

A B C D

关键词bare在这是“最少的”意思，故选A项。

3. Woman: We are going to go away on vacation... Can you hear me?
Man: I'm all ears.
Question: What does the man mean?

A.He is listening attentively.
B.He couldn't care less.
C.He like the woman's idea.
D.He is against the woman's plan.

A B C D

be all ears是固定用法，意思是“专心倾听”，故选A项。

4. Woman: I'm really behind with my project. Can you help me?
Man: I'm afraid you bit off more than you could chew!
Question: What does the man mean?

A.He is not willing to help the woman.
B.The woman is unable to do the project.
C.The woman is doing more than she can manage.
D.He is not in a position to help the woman.

A B C D

bit off more than one can chew意思是“贪多嚼不烂(从事太多的工作而无力完成)”。

5. Woman: There's Bill on his motorcycle again. Did he get it fixed in the garage?
Man: Don't be silly. That would have been a waste of money. It only had a flat tire.
Question: What does the man imply?

A.The woman was so silly as to waste much money.
B.It was costly to have the motorcycle fixed in the garage.
C.Bill must have repaired the motorcycle himself.
D.There was a serious problem with the motorcycle.

A B C D

男士说，比尔的摩托车只不过是车胎没气了，要是送到修理厂修简直就是浪费钱财。因此可推断出比尔一定是自己修理了摩托车。

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary

Section A
Directions: In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. Readers are required to abide by the rules of the library and mind their manners.

A.observe
B.memorize
C.review
D.compose

A B C D

abide by忠于，遵守：observe观察，遵守，庆祝；memorize记住，背出；review复习；compose由各部分组成，创作。

2. The coach explained the regulations at length to make sure that none of his players would become violators.

A.at last
B.at large
C.in detail
D.in short

A B C D

at length详细地，彻底地；at last最后；at large一般，大体上；in detail仔细地，详细地；in short简而言之。

3. The cost of healthcare and health insurance remains the most urgent health problem facing the country today.

A.pressing
B.important
C.neglected
D.complicated

A B C D

urgent紧急的；pressing紧迫的：important重要的；neglected被忽视的；complicated复杂的。

4. She believes that she is not a good mother because she does not fit the stereotype of a woman who spends all her time with her children.

A.popular image
B.common standard
C.fixed conception
D.pleasant notion

A B C D

stereotype陈规；popular image大众形象；common standard普遍标准：fixed conception固有概念；pleasant notion令人愉悦的想法。

5. Thus the most logical approach is to focus our analysis on the trade relations of Spain with other European countries.

A.reasoning
B.conclusion
C.position
D.method

A B C D

approach方法；reasoning推论；conclusion结论；position位置；method方法。

6. We no longer keep up the close friendship of few years ago, though we still visit each other on occasion.

A.in good time
B.up to date
C.now and then
D.once and for all

A B C D

on occasion有时，不时：in good time在适当或有利时刻；up to date现代的；now and then时而，不时；once and for all只此一次，绝不再重复。

7. The university offered several more courses for the purpose of furthering the career aspirations of its students.

A.ambitions
B.achievements
C.advantages
D.advances

A B C D

aspiration抱负：ambition雄心，抱负：achievement成就：advantage优点；advance进步，前进。

8. Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them look younger.

A.enforce
B.magnify
C.improve
D.polish

A B C D

enhance提高，增进；enforce强制；增强；magnify放大：improve改善，变得更好； polish擦光。

9. The leaders of the two countries are planning their summit meeting with a pledge to maintain and develop good ties.

A.strategy
B.standpoint
C.promise
D.priority

A B C D

pledge保证，誓约；strategy策略；standpoint观点，立场；promise诺言：priority优先权。

10. Many youngsters have heard their parents say "You'll never amount to anything if you keep daydreaming that way!"

A.be equal to
B.accomplish
C.add up to
D.pursue

A B C D

amount to实现；be equal to等于；accomplish实现：add up to加起来总和是：pursue继续；从事。

Section B
Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. Two decade ago a woman who shook hands with men on her own ______ was usually views as too forward.

A.endeavor
B.initiative
C.motivation
D.preference

A B C D

do sth on one's own initiative主动做某事；endeavor努力；motivation动机；preference优选，偏爱。

2. The fruit ______ more than half the country's annual exports, according to a recent report.

A.accounts for
B.stands for
C.provides for
D.makes for

A B C D

account for解释，说明；stand for代替，代表；provide for提供；make for向……前进，促进。

3. The violent ______ of his youth reappeared and was directed not only at the army, but at his wife as well.

A.impatience
B.character
C.temper
D.quality

A B C D

impatience急躁，不耐烦；character特征；temper脾气；quality品质，特性。

4. This hypothesis states that environments that are too clean may actually make the ______ system develop oversensitive responses.

A.mental
B.nervous
C.immune
D.physical

A B C D

mental心理的；nervous神经质的；immune免疫的；physical肉体的。

5. The Adult Vocational College is an opportunity to gain the right qualifications for various careers, for it offers an ______ range of subjects and courses.

A.additional
B.excessive
C.adequate
D.extensive

A B C D

additional额外的；excessive过量的；adequate足够的；extensive广阔的。

6. It's disturbing to note how many of crimes we do know about were detected ______, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures.

A.by accident
B.on schedule
C.in general
D.at intervals

A B C D

by accident偶然地；on schedule准时，照进度进行；in general一般，大体上； at intervals间歇地，间隔地。

7. You can always ______ Jim in a crisis, for he is simply the most helpful person I've ever known.

A.refer to
B.count on
C.cope with
D.run into

A B C D

refer to谈到；count on指望，依靠；cope with对付；run into偶然遇到。

8. He wanted to stay at home, but at last he agreed, very ______ though, to go to the concert.

A.decisively
B.reluctantly
C.willingly
D.deliberately

A B C D

decisively果断地；reluctantly不情愿地；willingly心甘情愿地；deliberately故意地。

9. The audience, hostile at first, were greatly ______ by her excellent performance.

A.annoyed
B.encouraged
C.impressed
D.depressed

A B C D

annoy使生气：encourage鼓励；impress使感动，留下印象：depress使沮丧。

10. Many birds and insects can build ______ nests to provide shelter for their young.

A.glorious
B.elaborate
C.splendid
D.advanced

A B C D

glorious光荣的；elaborate精心制作的；splendid壮观的；advanced先进的。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One
At all ages and at all stages of life, fear presents a problem to almost everyone. "We are largely the playthings of our fears," wrote the British author Horace Walpole many years ago. "To one, fear of the dark; to another, of physical pain; to a third, of public ridicule; to a fourth, of poverty; to a fifth, of loneliness--for all of us our particular creature waits in a hidden place."
Fear is often a useful emotion. When you become frightened, many physical changes occur within your body. Your heartbeat and responses quicken; your pupils expand to admit more light; large quantities of energy-producing adrenaline (肾上激素) are poured into your bloodstream. Confronted with a fire or accident, fear can fuel life-saving flight (逃离). Similarly, when a danger is psychological rather than physical, fear can force you to take self-protective measures. It is only when fear is disproportional to the danger at hand that it becomes a problem.
Some people are simply more vulnerable to fear than others. A visit to the newborn nursery of any large hospital will demonstrate that, from the moment of their births, a few fortunate infants respond calmly to sudden fear-producing situations such as a loudly slammed door. Yet a neighbor in the next bed may cry out with profound fright. From birth, he or she is more prone to learn fearful responses because he or she has inherited a tendency to be more sensitive.
Further, psychologists know that our early experiences and relationships strongly shape and determine our later fears. A young man named Bill, for example, grew up with a father who regarded each adversity as a temporary obstacle to be overcome with imagination and courage. Using his father as a model, Bill came to welcome adventure and to trust his own ability to solve problem.
Phil's dad, however, spent most of his time trying to protect himself and his family. Afraid to risk the insecurity of a job change, he remained unhappy in one position. He avoided long vacations because "the car might break down." Growing up in such a home, Phil naturally learned to become fearful and tense.

1. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, "our particular creature" refers to ______.

A.fear of something
B.a fierce beast
C.physical pain
D.public ridicule

A B C D

破折号后面的句子一般是对前句的进一步说明，这里提到不同的人担心害怕的事物不一样，总之大家内心深处都会有某种恐惧，故选A项。其他三项只是害怕的某一特例，不够全面。

2. Fear can be a useful emotion to us because it can ______.

A.stimulate many physical changes within our body
B.quicken our heartbeat and responses
C.pour large quantities of adrenaline into our bloodstream
D.help us respond quickly to danger and protect ourselves

A B C D

第二段分别从生理和心理两个方面阐述了害怕是一种有用的情感，它可以让人们在面临危险的时候迅速做出自我保护的反应。其他三项只涉及到物理反应，过于片面。

3. Fear becomes a problem only when ______.

A.the danger is thought greater than it really is
B.the danger is more psychological than physical
C.one cannot stand the danger
D.one is not well prepared for it

A B C D

第二段最后一句话提到：只有当恐惧与面临的危险不成比例的时候，此时恐惧才会成为问题，故选A项。其他三项文章未涉及。

4. Different responses of newborn infants to a loudly slammed door imply that ______.

A.some people are inherently more easily affected by danger
B.people's response to stimuli is not an inherited feature
C.some people seem to be very sensitive to noise
D.people sometimes seem to turn a deaf ear to noise

A B C D

第三段第一句话指出：有些人对恐惧表现得就是比其他人更脆弱。接下来以新生儿对砰砰的关门声做出的反应为例加以说明。最后总结：有的人天生更敏感，更易于做出恐惧反应，故选A项。B项和D项对文章理解错误。C项只是对实例的表面总结，没有指出根源。

5. Psychologists have found that our later fears are determined largely by our ______.

A.home education
B.school education
C.parents' lifestyle
D.early experiences

A B C D

由第四段第一句psychologists know that our early experiences and relationships strongly shape and determine our later fears可知答案是D项。

Passage Two
Sea horses are unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs, but unlike other creatures, it's the males that give birth to the young.
Male sea horses have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms pocket, called a brood pouch. During the breeding season, the sea horse's pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off, leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return everyday to check on her mate and the eggs, but she doesn't stay long, nor does she take part in the birth.
It takes from two to six weeks for the eggs in the male's pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult for him to swim, so the male often uses his tail to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly gripping the grass, he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change his color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs.
The eggs hatch inside the male's pouch. When the babies begin moving around, the male sea horse knows it's time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking, bending, and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock Or some stiff seaweed to force the young out.
Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tired when it's over.
Soon after giving birth to one brood, the male will approach his mate and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.

1. What part does the female sea horse play in having babies?

A.Receiving eggs.
B.Laying eggs.
C.Hatching eggs.
D.Protecting eggs.

A B C D

第一段指出雌性海马产卵，雄性海马孵化。其他三项是由雄性海马完成的。

2. What can be learned from the passage about giving birth to baby sea horses?

A.It is dangerous for the female.
B.It happens once a year.
C.It is hard work for the male.
D.It occurs in the deep sea.

A B C D

本题可用排除法来做。A、B和D三项文中均未提到。本文通篇在讲述雄性海马保护卵子及孵化幼仔的辛苦过程。尤其是第五段指出有时候要用两天时间才能孵化出所有幼仔，可见雄性海马非常辛苦。

3. To protect himself and his eggs, the male sea horse does all the following EXCEPT ______

A.changing his color
B.gripping a piece of grass
C.staying motionless
D.enlarging his pouch

A B C D

A、B和C三项在第三段提到。

4. The author suggests that when sea horse babies are ready to be born ______

A.the male sea horse seems very happy
B.it is difficult for them to come out
C.the female sea horse joins the male
D.they need larger space in the pouch

A B C D

第四段指出：当幼仔要出生的时候，雄性海马要用尾巴紧紧抓住海草茎，并且摇动、弯曲和尽力伸展身体，有时候还要借助岩石或坚硬的海藻来挤压以迫使幼仔出来，可见幼仔出生很不容易。其他三项文章都未提到。

5. Which fact does the author want the reader to remember most?

A.The male sea horse gives birth to the young.
B.The female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time.
C.Baby sea horses are born in groups of five or more.
D.The female will return every day to check on the eggs.

A B C D

全文重点介绍雄性海马孵化幼仔的过程。其他三项虽然在文中都提过，但不是重点。

Passage Three
When 23-year-old Eric Atienza graduated from college last Year, he didn't have a job. Not wanting to give up his apartment and move back with his parents, he did what many young Americans are doing: he signed up with a temp agency, which places workers on short-term jobs. Temporary workers such as Atienza comprise 20 per cent of the U.S. workforce. In 1985, 417,000 workers were classified as temporary help. In 2005, there are more than 2.5 million, according to Labour Department data.
Using temporary workers allows companies to increase or decrease the number of staff as their workloads change. It also allows companies to avoid the costs involved in hiring and firing long-term employees.
Many temp agency owners and career specialists say temping is a good way for recent graduates to get experience. "Short-term jobs let graduates try out different companies to find the best fit," said Pegi Wheatley, owner of McCall Staffing, a San Francisco temp agency.
But things don't always work out that way. "when I started temping, I had this notion that a temporary job could turn full-time. I worked for a friend of mine, but that didn't happen for me," said Atienza, who quickly became bored with his office work. Atienza stayed with the temp agency because he could earn U.S.＄10 an hour doing office work. Other short-term jobs, such as working as a store clerk in a cafe, pay about U.S.＄7.
But there were trade-offs for the higher pay. Because in the U.S., health insurance is provided through employer, most temps are not eligible for workplace health benefits. Atienza ran the risk that an accident or illness would land him in the hospital with no way to pay the bill. Other drawbacks, though less serious, still mean that temping for most graduates is exactly what its name implies- a temporary choice. Instability, gaps between contracts, lack of vacation time and isolation from other employees are often-cited negatives.
"Temping gave me the time to figure out what I wanted to do, because I could pay off my bills. But none of that came from the jobs themselves," said Atienza, who quit temping last month in favor of a full-time job.

1. Atienza took a short-term job mainly because ______

A.he didn't want to give up his apartment
B.he liked to try out different companies
C.he wanted to get more experience
D.he couldn't find a long-term job

A B C D

第一段第一句话明确指出，Atienza毕业后没有找到正式工作，但不想搬回家与父母同住，他只好先和一家临时职员介绍所签订协议。第四段也提到他实际上很想找份全职工作，但愿望一直没有实现。故选D项。A项文中虽然提到，但不是根本原因，只不过是一个直接因素。B项和C项为干扰项。

2. According to the passage, in the year of 2005, the United States had workforce of more than ______

A.25 million
B.12.5 million
C.4.17 million
D.2.5 million

A B C D

第一段倒数第三句指出临时工占美国劳动力的20%，第一段最后一句又告诉我们在2005年美国有250多万临时工人，所以可以计算出当年的劳动力为2.5million×5=12.5million。

3. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of temping?

A.It gives recent graduates experience.
B.It enables employers to adjust their workforce.
C.A temporary job will turn full-time.
D.Employers can reduce their costs.

A B C D

A项与第三段第一句相符。B项与第二段第一句意思—致。D项与第二段第二句意思相符。C只是文中第四段提到的一个个案而已。所以选C项。

4. Atienza stayed with the temp agency for some time because ______

A.he liked his office work
B.he was satisfied with the pay
C.his employer provided health insurance
D.he hated gaps between contracts

A B C D

第四段倒数第二句说：尽管Atienza讨厌那份办公室的工作，但仍干了一段时间，是因为每小时他可以赚到10美元。这表明他对薪水还算满意。A项与实际正相反。C项和 D项为干扰项。

5. What does the word "trade-offs" in Paragraph 5 mean?

A.Benefits.
B.Compromises.
C.Risks.
D.Disadvantages.

A B C D

根据段首的转折词but可知，下文与上文意思相反，前文讲述临时工作的优点，自然下文要提到相应的缺点，同时第五段的Other drawbacks也是对其前面内容的—个提示。

Passage Four
Scientists are hoping to eliminate malaria (疟疾) by developing a genetically modified mosquito that cannot transmit the disease. Malaria has long troubled the populations of South America, Africa, and Asia, where mosquito bites infect up to 500 million people a year with this serious and sometimes fatal parasitic blood disease. For generations, scientists have been trying to eliminate malaria by developing new drugs and using pesticides (杀虫剂) to wipe out local mosquito populations. But these measure aren't working--and some scientists, like Greg Lanzaro, say that because of drug resistance and population changes, malaria is actually more prevalent now than it was 20 years ago. Lanzaro says he has a better way to stop the spread of malaria: genetically modifying mosquitoes so they are unable to carry the disease.
Lanzaro and his. colleagues are planning a multi-year project to produce malaria-resistant mosquitoes--and he thinks they can do it within five years. "We can get foreign genes into mosquitoes and they go where they're supposed to go," Lanzaro says, pointing out that scientists have already succeeded in genetically engineering mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria to birds and mice. And, he says, scientists are quickly making progress on genes that block transmission of the disease to humans as well.
The most difficult part scientifically, Lanzaro says, is figuring out how to get the lab-engineered mosquitoes to spread their genes into natural populations. After all, he points out, it's useless to engineer mosquitoes in the lab that can't transmit malaria when there are millions out in the wild that can. To solve this problem, Lanzaro wants to load up a mobile piece of DNA with the malaria-resistant gene, and then insert it into a group of mosquito embryos. The malaria-resistant gene would be integrated directly into the mosquitoes' DNA, making it impossible for those mosquitoes to transmit the parasite that causes malaria. In this way a small group of lab-raised mosquitoes could be released into the wild, and by interbreeding with wild mosquitoes, eventually transmit the beneficial gene to the entire population.

1. One reason for malaria to be widespread now is that ______

A.more people have moved to malaria-infected areas
B.mosquitoes have become resistant to pesticides
C.genetically modified mosquitoes still transmit the disease
D.mosquitoes bite as many as 500 million people a year

A B C D

由第一段“because of drug resistance and population changes，malaria is actually more prevalent now than it was 20 years ago”可知，由于蚊虫产生抗药性及种群变化，现在疟疾比从前更盛行了。B项最接近该意思。A项为干扰项。C项与原文第—句意思正相反。 D项陈述了一个事实，不属于疟疾流行的原因。

2. Lanzaro is hopeful that in a few years man can ______

A.start to eliminate malaria
B.cure parasitic blood diseases
C.prevent mice from transmitting parasites
D.acquire immunity against malaria

A B C D

第二段大意：Lanzaro和他的同事们计划在五年内生产㈩抗疟疾的蚊虫。现在他们已经成功地制造出不能向鸟类和鼠类传播疟疾的基因工程蚊虫，接下来科学家们会尽快研究出能阻止疟疾向人类传播的基因。其隐含意思是人类在几年后消除疟疾是大有希望的。其他三项为干扰项。

3. Lanzaro is confident that scientists can block transmission of malaria to humans because ______

A.natural mosquito populations do not change
B.scientists have succeeded with birds and mice
C.foreign genes always go where they are required
D.lab-raised mosquitoes will not be resistant to drugs

A B C D

参见第47题解释。

4. What is the most difficult part of Lanzaro's project?

A.Spreading malaria-resistant genes into natural mosquito populations.
B.Raising malaria-resistant mosquitoes.
C.Making genes that block the transmission of malaria.
D.Identifying malaria-resistant genes.

A B C D

第三段第一句明确指出：该项实验的最难之处就是如何让实验室中的这些基因工程蚊虫把它们的基因传播到自然种群中去。故A项正确。其他三项从文中可推断都是已实现的。

5. According to the passage, a fundamental way to wipe out malaria is to ______

A.develop new malaria-resistant drugs
B.produce effective pesticides to kill mosquitoes
C.change the genetic makeup of mosquitoes
D.remove people from malaria-infected areas

A B C D

全文重点阐述如何通过基因工程改变蚊虫基因构成，使其DNA中带有抗疟疾基因，最终把这种基因传递到整个种群中。故选C项。其他三项是干扰项。

Passage Five
According to Scott Adams, creator of the comic strip (系列漫画) Dilbert, the annual performance review is "one of the most frightening and weakening experiences in every employee's life". Adams' stories and comic figures poke fun at the workplace, but his characterization of people's feelings about the annual performance review has its serious side. Although a recent study of 437 companies indicates that effective annual performance reviews can help raise profits, most employees of those companies hate them.
In theory, annual performance reviews are constructive and positive interactions between managers and employees working together to attain maximum performance and strengthen the organization. In reality, they often create division, undermine morale, and spark anger and jealousy. Thus, although the object of the annual performance review is to improve performance, it often' has the opposite result. A programmer at an IT firm was stunned to learn at her annual performance review that she was denied a promotion because she wasn't a "team player." What were the data used to make this judgment? She didn't smile in the company photo.
Although this story might sound as if it came straight out of Dilbert, it is a true account of one woman's experience. By following a few ideas and guidelines from industry analysis, this kind of ordeal can be avoided:
To end the year with a positive and useful performance review, managers and employees must start the year by working together to establish clear goals and expectations.
It may be helpful to allow employees to propose a list of people associated with the company who will be in a good position to assess their performance at the end of the year; these people may be co-workers, suppliers, or even customer.
Goals should be measurable but flexible, and everyone should sign off on the plan.
By checking employees' progress at about nine months, managers can give them a chance to correct mistakes and provide guidance to those who need it before the year is out.
When conducting the reviews, managers should highlight strengths and weaknesses during the past year and discuss future responsibilities, avoiding punishment of blame.
In short, when employees leave their performance reviews, they should be focusing on what they can do better in the year ahead, not worrying about what went into their files about the past.

1. In his comic strip Dilbert, Scott Adams ______

A.makes fun of working people
B.tells a story about a woman employee
C.promotes team spirit among co-workers
D.mocks annual performance reviews

A B C D

由第一段第一句指出：据Scott Adams所言，年度工作总结报告(年度工作业绩考评)是每个员工一生中所经受的最令人恐惧和最让人衰弱的经历之一。由此可知Scott Adams对此持嘲讽态度。

2. All the following are mentioned as the drawbacks of annual performance reviews EXCEPT ______ .

A.reducing efficiency
B.creating tension
C.undermining morale
D.inducing anger

A B C D

B、C和D三项均在第二段第三行提到。A项文中未涉及。

3. The word "ordeal" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to ______

A.likelihood of promotion
B.depressive experience
C.poor performance
D.unrealistic expectation

A B C D

this kind of ordeal很显然是指第二段刚刚提到的女员工由于不具有团队合作精神 (team player)而被禁止提升的事情。这是令人忧郁的经历。故选B项。

4. The annual performance reviews, to be effective, must focus on ______

A.making employees aware of their company's future goals
B.involving employees in assessing their own performance
C.encouraging employees to achieve better future performance
D.highlighting what responsibilities employees have failed in

A B C D

A、B和D三项都是促使年度工作总结会议更有效的措施之一。年度工作总结的焦点正如最后一段总结的：要让员工明白来年什么能够做得更好，而不是担心过去的事情。故选C项。

5. The general attitude of the author toward Adam's comic strip Dilbert is ______

A.negative
B.positive
C.neutral
D.unclear

A B C D

很显然作者对Adams的系列漫画持肯定的态度。

Part Ⅳ Cloze
Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been individuals who have tried to 1 others to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can 2 .
But in the 19th century the mass production of goods 3 the Industrial Revolution made person-to-person selling inefficient. The mass distribution of goods that 4 the development of the railway and highway made person-to-person selling too slow and expensive. At the same time, mass communication, first newspapers and magazines, then radio and television, made mass selling through 5 possible.
The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best 6 to take the action the advertiser is recommending. The action 7 be to purchase a product, use a service, vote for a political candidate, or even to join the Army.
Advertising as a 8 developed first and most rapidly in the United States, the country that uses it to the greatest 9 . In 1980 advertising expenditure in the U.S. exceeded 55 billion dollars, or 10 2 percent of the gross national product. Canada spent about 1.2 percent of its gross national product 11 advertising.
12 advertising brings the economics of mass selling to the manufacturer, it produces benefits for the consumer 13 . Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far 14 than one sold through personal salespeople. Advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally, advertising 15 for the programs on commercial television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost of publishing magazines and newspapers.

A.request
B.oblige
C.affect
D.persuade

A B C D

persuade sb．to do sth．劝告某人做某事。

A.transfer
B.secure
C.enjoy
D.perform

A B C D

transfer转移；secure保护；enjoy享受；perform履行，做，表演。只有D项和 service搭配更合理。

A.resulting from
B.dealing with
C.leading to
D.going for

A B C D

这里表示一种因果关系，即“货物的大量生产是源于工业革命”，注意是结果在前，原因在后，所以应选result from，不能选lead to(导致)。

A.followed
B.preceded
C.achieved
D.induced

A B C D

注意货物的大量销售和铁路及高速公路发展两者在时间，上的先后顺序，应该是伴随着铁路和高速路的发展才出现货物的大量销售，故选A项。precede先于：achieve达成； induce引起，归纳。

A.marketing
B.advertising
C.salespeople
D.agents

A B C D

本句话表示随着报纸、杂志、无线电广播和电视的出现，通过广告宣传进行大量销售成为可能。

A.profits
B.benefits
C.interests
D.gains

A B C D

in the interests of sb.=in one's interests为某人的利益。注意interest表示“利益，福利”时，通常用复数。

A.should
B.would
C.may
D.will

A B C D

这里表示“不确定，可能”的意思。

A.business
B.service
C.product
D.profession

A B C D

通过本段对美国和加拿大在广告上的开销描述，可知广告已成为一种商业活动。

A.amount
B.extent
C.possibility
D.utility

A B C D

to the greatest extent最大程度地：in large/small amount大量地。

10.

A.similarly
B.supposedly
C.approximately
D.accountably

A B C D

表示概数“大约”。

11.

A.with
B.at
C.into
D.on

A B C D

spend sth in doing sth./on sth．花费时间或金钱做某事。

12.

A.While
B.Therefore
C.But
D.If

A B C D

While此处含有相对之义，表示广告宣传给制造商带来经济利益的同时，也给消费者带来了好处。

13.

A.as well
B.as usual
C.as a result
D.as a rule

A B C D

as well也；as usual如平常：as a result结果；as a rule通常，多半。

14.

A.more
B.less
C.cheaper
D.dearer

A B C D

本句的意思是通过广告销售的产品通常比通过售货员出售的商品的价格低得多，即广告产品更便宜。注意本句的主语是cost，所以只能选less，不能用cheaper。

15.

A.works
B.calls
C.looks
D.pays

A B C D

pay for付款；call for请求；look for寻找。

Part Ⅴ Error Detection
Directions: In this part, there are 10 sentences. Each sentence has 4 underlined words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. During the dinner we had (agreeable conversation)--(nothing extraordinary)--but (catching up) on recent events of (each other's life).

A.agreeable conversation
B.nothing extraordinary
C.catching up
D.each other's life

A B C D

在介词but之后，如果其前有动词do的某种形式，其后不定式一般不带to，反之则必须带to，表示“不得不，只能”。所以应将catching up改为to catch up。

2. Because of (the injured people) (laying) on the ground below the windows, fire fighters were (unable) to place ground ladders (up to the windows) on the northeast side of the building.

A.the injured people
B.laying
C.unable
D.up to the windows

A B C D

此处表示伤员躺在地上，需将laying改为lying。注意区分：lie(说谎)—lied—lied— lying：lie(躺)—lay-lain—1ying；lay(置放)-laid—laid-laying。

3. (You'd better) hurry up (if) you want to buy (something) because there's hardly (nothing) left.

A.You'd better
B.if
C.something
D.nothing

A B C D

该句的意思是“你要想买东西的话最好快点儿，因为几乎没剩什么东西了。”hardly本身是个否定副词，和nothing连在一起就表示肯定的意思了，所以应将nothing改为 anything。

4. A professional wine taster relies (on) sight, smell and (tasting) (to determine) the quality of (a wine).

A.on
B.tasting
C.to determine
D.a wine

A B C D

根据平行原则，tasting其前面的sight和smell在词性上不平行，应改为名词taste。

5. Sam (used to live) in Oklahoma, (but) his company (had him transfer) (to a better) position in Georgia.

A.used to live
B.but
C.had him transfer
D.to a better

A B C D

注意动词have作“让”讲时，常用于以下句型：
①have sb．do sth．(让某人做某事)：She had me buy a book for her．
②have sb．doing sth．(让某人做某事)(与①相比，②强调“一直做个不停”)：His jokes had us laughing all the time at the party．
③have sth．doing(让某物做某事)：He have the lamp lighting．
④have sth．done(让某事被做)：He had his hair cut yesterday．
本句表示“他被公司调任到更好的岗位工作”，因此应将had him transfer改为had him transferred。

6. (Not) too many years ago, it was an (excited) experience (to travel) 25 or 50 miles (away from) home.

A.Not
B.excited
C.to travel
D.away from

A B C D

某些动词的分词形式可以用作形容词，通常现在分词表示“令人……的”，过去分词表示“令人感到……的”。这里指“一次令人兴奋的经历”，所以应将excited改为 exciting。

7. It is perhaps not an exaggeration (to say) that we shall soon (be trusting) our health, wealth, and happiness to elements with (whom) very name the general public (are) unfamiliar.

A.to say
B.be trusting
C.whom
D.are

A B C D

这里应是所属格定语从句，指的是“这些元素的名称”，需将whom改为whose。

8. China has established three (nature reserves) to protect (the rare species), covering (a total of) more than 600,000 sq km, an area (40 times of the size) of Beijing.

A.nature reserves
B.the rare species
C.a total of
D.40 times of the size

A B C D

注意英语倍数的几种表达法：①“A+be+倍数+as+计量形容词原级+as+B” This tree is three times as tall as that one．这棵树是那棵树的3倍高。②“A+be+倍数+计量形容词比较级+than+B”The dictionaw is exactly five times more expensive than that one．这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。③“A+be+倍数+the+计量名词+of+B” The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one．新扩建的广场是未扩建时的4倍大。所以应将D项中的第一个of去掉。

9. It (aims to) establish a minimum list of standards that (ought to) (include) in all codes of conduct (covering) labor practices.

A.aims to
B.ought to
C.include
D.covering

A B C D

include与先行词a minimum list of standards是被动关系，所以应将include改为be included。

10. I (saw that) the last update was made in (January of) 2002, so I (wondered that) the webmaster (had abandoned) the site.

A.saw that
B.January of
C.wondered that
D.had abandoned

A B C D

英语表达中月和年之间不加of。

Paper Two

Part Ⅰ Translation

Section A
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

1. One of the chief concerns of wildlife management is the protection and improvement of the nature habitat so that animals have enough food and water to survive. Wildlife management involves care of the soil to produce good vegetation; it also involves care of plants, not only as a source of food, but also as protection. Animals need cover to hide from their natural enemies and to raise their young safely.
Just as crops are harvested wildlife too must sometimes be "harvested". By allowing limited hunting, good management can control certain species that threaten to overpopulate their habitat.

野生动物管理部门首要关心的事就是保护和改善野生动物自然栖息地以使动物们有足够的食物和水来生存。野生动物管理部门专注于保护土壤，培育出良好的植被，还专注于保护植物。植物不仅能作为野生动物的食物来源，还能作为它们的保护者。动物需要用植物来护自己以躲避天敌和安全地抚育自己的孩子。
就像收获庄稼一样，野生动物有时候也必须被“收获”。通过允许有限的捕猎，好的管理部门能控制某些物种，使它们不至因过度繁殖而威胁到栖息地。

Section B
Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

1. 随着社会的发展，人类对水的需求不断增加，但可以供人类使用的水资源却急剧减少。水资源危机所带来的生态系统恶化等问题严重威胁着人类的生存。
如何更有效利用水资源，推进水资源的可持续开发和保护，已经成为世界各国共同面对的紧迫问题。

With the development of the society, man's demand for water has been constantly increasing, but the water resource available for human is sharply decreasing. The deterioration of ecosystem brought about by the water crisis threatens human's existence seriously.
How to make use of the water resource effectively and promote the sustained development and protection of water resource has become an urgent problem which should be faced together by all the countries in the world.

Part Ⅱ Writing
Directions: In this part you are to write a composition of no less than 150 words about "College Graduates Work as Village Officials ". You should write according to the outline given below.

1. Some college graduates choose to work as village officials:
1. Do you think it is a good idea?
2. What can they offer the countryside?
3. What can they gain from their village positions?

College Graduates Work as Village Officials
With the development of the society and the constant increase of job-hunting pressure, many people find it hard to find a job, especially the college graduates. Most of them just want to work in the big and developed cities, such as Shenzhen, Shanghai, etc. But the situation has changed. Some college graduates prefer to work as village officials in the rural areas. I think it is a good idea.
First, it not only can ease the job-hunting pressure in the big cities, but also can make the college graduates have more job chances. Second, the college graduates can bring the advanced science and technology to the lagging rural areas. For example, they can teach the villagers how to feed the pigs effectively and plant the fruits and vegetables scientifically, which can help the villagers live a wealthy life in a short time. Third, the college graduates can exercise themselves in the poor living condition. They can know much more about Chinese farmers, and they may have a better and larger platform to display their talents and abilities.
In a word, I am in favor of this idea, and I wish I could be a village official after graduation.