Part A Directions: Questions 1 - 10 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see fowr choices, marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
1. You don't object ______ you by your first name, do you?
A.that I call
B.for calling
C.that I am calling
D.to my calling
A B C D
D
object to (doing) sth. 不赞成,反对做某事。句中my是calling的逻辑主语; object that结构中,that引出的部分应该是反对某事的理由,本题表达的不是反对理由,因此A项不符合。
2. ______ initial recognition while still quite young.
Part B Directions: In questions 11 -20, each sentence has four underlined parts which are marked A, B, C, and D. Identify the one that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
1. No one (care about) if he (appears) at the meeting next year or not. If (it happens) he will (be made to) apologize for his careless comments. A. care about B. appears C. it happens D. be made
A
改为cares about。意为“没有人在乎……”。
2. (Even) (a one-minute) delay will destroy (arrangements of) the meeting if you don't schedule your time (well). A. Even B. a one-minute C. arrangements of D. well
B
改为one-minute。delay作“耽搁,延误”讲时,是不可数名词。
3. School counselors (are convinced) that it will be obligatory that everyone (must have) (some computer training) in order to (enter) the job market. A. are convinced B. must have C. some computer training D. enter
B
改为have。obligatory引导的从句需用虚拟语气,结构为(should) do。
4. (The age of) a geological sample can (be estimated) from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioaetive carbon (present) in the object (is examined). A. The age of B. be estimated C. present D. is examined
5. Dams vary (in size) (from small rock barriers to) concrete structures (many feet) (height). A. in size B. from small rock barriers to C. many feet D. height
D
改为high。表示长度、重量等单位的名词后接形容词,结构为:数词+feet long/high。
6. Geologists (at) the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (rely on) (a number of) instruments to (studying) the volcanoes in Hawaii. A. at B. rely on C. a number of D. studying
D
改为study。句中to是不定式短语标志,后应接动词原形。
7. (As) secretary of transportation, he worked to help the (bankrupt railroads) in the northeastern (United States) (solved) their financial problems. A. As B. bankrupt railroads C. United States D. solved
D
改为solve。help sb. do sth. 固定结构,意为“帮助某人做某事”。
8. (After having studied) (so hard) for more than two months, he (felt confidently) of (success). A. After having studied B. so hard C. felt confidently D. success
C
改为felt confident。系动词feel后应接形容词做表语。
9. Photographs (printed in) (newspaper) usually have a caption (underneath) to explain what (they are about). A. printed in B. newspaper C. underneath D. they are about
10. Overhead railway, (whose) tracks (are elevated out of) the way of surface traffic, (might have been) (one possible solution to) heavy traffic in big cities. A. whose B. are elevated out of C. might have been D. one possible solution to
C
改为might be。might be此处表示可能性;might have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测。
Part C Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passages there are four choices which are marked A, B, C, and D. Identify the best one in questions 21 -40 to complete the incomplete sentences. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. The suclptural legacy that the new United States 1 its colonial predecessors was 2 a rich one, and 3 in 1776 sculpture as an art form was 4 in the hands of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see 5 today in old bruial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentations for furntiture or architectural decorations, 6 carved wooden shop signs and ships figureheads. 7 they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group 8 from what we normally 9 as "sculptors" 10 the word.
think of sb. as sth. 将某人视为。句中normally“通常”决定了本处应用一般现在时。
10.
A.as today's usage of
B.in today's usage of
C.as today's use of
D.in today's use of
A B C D
D
in today's use of word在现今措辞使用中。usage强调惯用法,use动作意味较强。
11 , optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case 12 . It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads 13 nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons 14 the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to 15 Japan's success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads mound the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role 16 one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. 17 those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are 18 -- curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially 19 the average speed of drivers in half 20 , traffic often returns to full speed within, months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Directions: In this section you will read four passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. For questions 41 -60, you are to choose the one best answer A, B, C, or D to each question. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn't the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europe's new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the "irresistible momentum of individualism" over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc on Europeans' private byes. Europe's new economic climate has largely fosterd the trend toward independence, the current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe's shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today's tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so. Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage-twentysometing professionals or widowed senior citizens, while pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alone was conceived to be negative-dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone. The booming economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn't leave much room for relationships. Pirnpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn't got time to get lonely becanse he has too much work. "I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult. Only an Iddeal Woman would make him change his lifestyle," he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called "The Single Woman and Prince Charming", thinks this fierce new individualism means that people expext morn and more of mates, so relationships don't last long--if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbarthes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she'd never have wanted to do what her mother did--give up a career to raise a family. Instead, "I've always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life."
1. More and more young Europeans remain single because ______.
A.they have entered the workforce at a much earlier age
B.they are pessimistic about their economic future
C.they have embraced a business culture of stability
D.they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualism
A B C D
D
第1段,作者在提出许多欧洲人单身这一现象后,用社会学家的话解释了原因:... is part of the irresistible momentum of individualism. 表明欧洲人选择单身是受到“个人主义”的驱使。
2. What is said about Europan society in the passage?
A.It is getting closer to American-style capitalism.
B.It has limited consumer's choice despite a free market.
C.It is being threatened by irresistible privatization.
D.It has fostered the trend towards small families.
A B C D
D
第2段,作者指出,欧洲的新经济氛围has largely fostered the trend toward independence“很大程度上滋长了独立的趋势”,而独立又导致了诸多小型家庭 (单身家庭)出现,故选项D正确。
3. According to Paragraph 3, the newest group of singles are ______.
A.negative and gloomy
B.on either side of marriage
C.healthy and wealthy
D.warm and lighthearted
A B C D
D
第3段中作者谈到,过去人们常常认为独居会dark and cold,与人共同居住则会warmth and light,而现在live alone则是young,beautiful and strong,年轻人们乐意独居,表明如今,独居是温暖而又快乐的,与以往不同,故选项D正确。
4. The author quotes Eppendorf to show that ______.
A.some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom
B.most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable
C.some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely
D.the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day, Europe
A B C D
A
从第4段可知,Eppendorf是位单身教师,她工作之余参加舞会,晒日光浴, 她表示自己不会give up a career to raise a family,而且喜欢live a serf-determined life,她的例子表明现代女性比较倾向个人的自由生活,故选项A正确。
5. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A.To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism.
B.To examine the trend of young people living alone.
C.To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships.
D.To review the impact of women becoming high earners.
It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don't, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits. The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its Way, an illuminating piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can't beanswered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can't think up, ever and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.
6. According to the author, really good science ______.
A.would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment
B.will produce results which cannot be foreseen
C.will help people to make the right choice in advance
D.will bring about disturbing results
A B C D
B
文章开篇,作者指出“很难预测科学将会带来什么”,if it is really goods science it is impossible to predict“如果它是真正的科学,那就不能被预测”,故选项 B正确。
7. It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century ______.
A.thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of science
B.were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific research
C.knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about nature
D.did more harm than good in promoting man's understanding of nature
8. Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?
A.They invented false theories to explain things they didn't understand.
B.They falsely claimed to know all about nature.
C.They did not believe in results from scientific observation.
D.They paid little attention to the problems they didn't understand.
A B C D
C
第2段,作者指出,早期科学家们either pretended to understand how things, worked or ignored the problem,or simply made up stories to fill the gaps“要么假装知道事物如何发展,要么忽略这些问题,或者编造一些故事来进行解释”,选项A、 B、D的内容分别与之对应,只有选项C的内容未提到。
9. What is the author's attitude towards science?
A.He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientists.
B.He is doubtful because of enormous difficulties confronting it.
C.He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.
D.He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.
A B C D
C
第2段,作者指出科学研究中,人们意识到自己的无知后感到depressed;第3段作者又指出我们才刚刚开始,and there ought to be some satisfaction,以及在我们力所能及的范围内能够work our way through to all our answers,可见虽然研究中有诸多困难,但作者还是很有信心的。故选项C正确。
10. The author believes that ______.
A.man can find solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he can think up
B.man can not solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits of human intellect
C.sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answer them
D.questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientific research
A B C D
A
最后一段,作者明确指出there are probably no questions we can think up that can't be answered“不会存在我们能想到但却无法解决的问题”,sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness“迟早,甚至是与意识有关的问题也能得到解决”。故选项A正确。
A long and painful struggle with cancer and chemotherapy had caused baldness for Barbara Basset, of Mocrstown, NJ. The day her blond hair feel out in clumps was, for Barbara, the worst day of her ordeal. Detemined to use some form of camouflage, she tried a wig but found it itchy and hot. Scarves slopped off or clung too tightly, accentuating the problem. Finally, a friend suggested Barbara call her neighbor, Marie Stevens, an accomplished seamstress who worked at home. Barbara explained to Marie that she needed something between a scarf and a hat, with a shape that suggested hair beneath. It had to fasten securely, and had no opening that would reveal baldness. Sensing a kindred spirit, Marie agreed to work something up. She was no stranger to medical tragedy herself, having lost two of her seven children to cystic fibrosis. The design itself was simple, a combination scarf/hat of light cotton and polyester that fit well, disguising the lack of hair. "Smart" was the description Barbara's friends came up with. For Barbara elegance was secondary to the scarf's greatest asset. "That silly little hat saved me," she told friends. Shortly after, Marie and Barbara formed a partnership selling the scarves, which they called Hide & Chic. They developed a line of colors, plus small elasticized versions for children. They had a brochure printed, and set it to oncology units and social-service directors in hospitals. Soon after the company, Mare-bar, Inc. was on its feet, Barbara learned that her cancer had recurred . Despite more chemotherapy, she died, at age 40. "She made me promise that I'd keep things going," Made says, "When she died, I was pretty low. But I kept getting mail from cancer patients who described how our scarf/hat had made Such a big difference. I got going again. It's a nice legacy for Barbara, who was a very special lady."
11. This passage is mainly about ______.
A.how Barbara became a fashion designer
B.how Marie helped Barbara recover from her illness
C.how Mare-bar Inc. came into being
D.how Barbara helped Marie to design the scarf/hat
12. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.The scarf/hat is also beneficial to some other people.
B.Barbara did not like the scarves and hats because they either felt slippery or were too tight.
C.Maria was one of Barbara's kinswomen.
D.Barbara thought that the scarf/hat made her look stupid.
A B C D
A
从文中最后一段Marie的叙述“不时有癌症患者写信反映how our scarf/hat had made such a big difference”,可判断scarf/hat对其他人也很有用。第2段两人有着同病相怜的感觉,因为Marie的孩子也遭受过疾病。第3段只是说这件饰物可能不那么优雅,但并不是说戴上它使Barbara显得很愚蠢。B、C、D项不正确。
13. Which of the following has not been mentioned in the passage?
A.How Barbara and Marie advertised their products.
B.How Barbara and Made raised the capital needed for the manufacture of their products.
C.How customers responded to the products.
D.How Barbara and Marie felt about their business.
I still remember--my hands and my fingertips still remember--what used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. The trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again and the old leaves would be lying around in scattered heaps like a muddy sea of leaves. "Get that all swept up!" the headmaster would tell us. "I want the whole place cleaned up, at once!" There was enough work there, to last for over a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, our nails. "Now see that it's done properly, and be quick about it," the headmaster would say to the older pupils, "or you'll have to answer for it!" So at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peasants about to cut and gather in crops. If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to whip us with branches pulled from the trees. In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe our tyrants with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meal. And if we happened to have any money on us the coins changed hands at once. If we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were redoubled. They hit us so violently and with such devilish enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being flogged not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money. Occasionally one of us, worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. He would of course be very angry, but the punishment he gave the older boys was always very small--nothing compared to what they had done to us. And the fact is that however much we complained our situation did not improve in the slightest. Perthaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so; I don't know whether it was loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but I can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beatings were completely foreign to our nature.
16. My hands and my flnger-tirps still remember!" because ______.
A.the work probably made his hands and finger-tips sore
B.the school work was too hard for the children
C.the work used to be finished by his own bands only
D.his hands proved to be skillful at school work
A B C D
A
从文章后来叙述的“校长要求孩子们用双手迅速清理完所有的垃圾”,以及孩子们劳动时所遭受的一切,可判断,作者说my hands and my finger-tips still remember,可能是由于当时的劳动使他的双手遭受了很多苦痛,选项A正确。
17. From the way the headmaster spoke, we can learn that ______.
A.he was ordering the older boys to do the work at once
B.he actually expected everyone to join in the work
C.he did not care who did the work provided it was done quickly and properly
D.he wanted the older boys to take the responsibility rather than work themselves
A B C D
D
第2段,校长让年幼的孩子劳动时,对年长的孩子说“你们要看着这些工作做得又快又好”,or you'll have to answer for it“否则,你们就自己做”,可见他是让大孩子监督,而不是让他们干清理之类的活儿,故选项D正确。
18. The reason that the older boys beat the younger ones so hard is that ______.
A.they were too lazy to work themselves and enjoyed being cruel
B.they knew this would make them offer brides of food and money
C.the headmaster would be angry with them if the work was not done
D.the younger ones would work much faster and harder
A B C D
B
第3段,作者讲到年幼的孩子为了少挨打就会贿赂大孩子,而如果不愿贿赂,则blows were redoubled,随后,作者指出“大孩子打我们不是为了让我们更努力地工作,而是让我们顺从地把钱和零食交纳给他们”,故选项B正确。
19. When the younger boys complained to the headmaster about their sufferings, ______.
A.he decided to give the older boys a lesson
B.he gave the older boys a suitable punishment
C.it only made matters worse
D.it made no difference at all
A B C D
D
最后一段谈到,年幼的孩子有时无法忍受虐待去向校长告状,但校长给予大孩子的惩罚was always very small,而且无论我们怎么抱怨,our situation did not improve in the slightness。可判断,向校长抱怨并不能改变状况,故选项D正确。
20. It is implied in the passage that ______.
A.the headmaster was very unreasonable since he put the older boys in charge of the work
B.the younger boys were quite willing to offer their food and money for they were obedient to the older ones
C.the older boys didn't get any punishment because they had had the whole work finished quickly
D.the writer seems to feel regret for not having told their parents about their sufferings at school
A B C D
D
从义中最后一段we should have let our parents know what was going on“我们本应该让父母知道所发生的一切”,以及we were foolish to keep quiet about it等处可判断,作者后悔没有将在学校遭受的一切告诉父母。
Part Ⅲ Translation
Part A Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese.
1. Resignation has its part to play in the conquest of happiness, and it is a part no less essential than that played by effort. The wise man, though he will not sit down under preventable misfortunes, will not waste time and emotion upon such as are unavoidable, and even such as are in themselves avoidable he will submit to if the time and labour required to avoid them would interfere with the pursuit of some more important objects. Many people get into a fret or a fury over every little thing that goes wrong, and in this way waste a great deal of energy that might be more usefully employed. Even in the pursuit of really important objects it is unwise to become so deeply involved emotionally that the thought of possible failure becomes a constant menace to peace of mind. Efficiency in a practical task is not proportional to the emotion that we put into it; indeed, emotion is sometimes an obstacle to efficiency. The attitude required is that of doing one's best while leaving the issue to fate. Resignation is of two sorts, one rooted in despair, the other in unconquerable hope. The first is bad; the second is good.
Living in the world for the same long time, people may experience different ways of life: some people walk far and can enjoy many wonderful landscapes; while others only limit themselves to a narrow space and cannot realize fill death how vast the world is.
The biggest mistake human beings make is they think that social and political issues are so easy that there is no need to take scientific ways to deal with the issues; they can be judged and solved by practical experience, but the fact is quite the opposite.
You cannot get rid of jealousy only by success, because there is always someone more successful than you in history. Only by enjoying what you have, doing what you should do and not making comparison with the imagined--maybe completely wrong-luckier ones, can you really get rid of envy.
The civilization that makes the most of human intelligence to pursue truth, control the nature, change the material for human being's use so as to exempt them from unnecessary travail and pains and free them from unwisdom and superstitions is genuine spiritual civilization.