WRITING1.
关于语法学习
Read carefully the following two excerpts about the role of grammar in language learning, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then
2. express your opinion towards the role of grammar in language learning, especially your opinion on whether it is necessary to learn grammar.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpts.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Context Determines Language
The debate on what's the right way to master a certain kind of language is always fierce in the field of language education. Numerous teaching and learning methods are proposed to guide the real learning process. Nowadays with the development of the Internet and online language learning resources, many people speak highly of soaking in language context.
For most language learners, the ultimate function of a language is to exchange thoughts and ideas in social settings. Context is to the language what the flower is to the bee. Language would make a continuous sound like a bee without the nurture of context. What's more, languages are the production of social practices. It changes and evolves with the progress of the human world which is both rapid and unpredictable. Therefore, language learning should be a constant practice in a real communicating environment.
Many language experts deify grammar in language learning. But monotonous grammar learning usually discounts learning enthusiasm. Instead of using target language flexibly and accurately, students encounter fossilization in memorizing endless grammar rules which tums language learning into a nightmare.
Excerpt 2 Language Is Organized by Rules
Although more language learning resources are available due to the help of the Internet, grammar as the foundation and the basic rules of using a language is of great importance in language learning. Language is a complicated and complete system with its own operating mechanism. Grammar is its core controller that ensures the organization of a sentence as well as the acceptability of a language.
The reason why language is able to connect people is that language users respect the common language phenomena. They don't organize the sentence by themselves or cause confusion in communication. On the contrary, they use what's conventionally accepted. Ln other words, they respect grammar.
Grammar represents the logic and style of a language. The language activities such as reading, writing, listening and speaking are all closely related with grammar. It runs through the whole language learning process as it appears at the beginning of language learning and understand the scientificity of a language. And that's exactly why grammar learning is placed first in language learning.
[范文]
Grammar Cannot Be Deposed
For such a long time, grammar learning has been the center task of language acquisition. Language learners took grammar learning as the natural entry of being adroit at a language. But recently the sovereign position of grammar has been doubted. While many scholars and teachers are ardently supporting the importance of grammar, other people propose the good mastery of a language is possible to parry the hard work on grammar. From my personal learning experience, grammar learning is the foundation of learning a language and it is indispensable in language learning.
(Viewpoint)
The first thing of learning a language would be the construction of sentences which cannot be done without grammar.
(Topic sentence) As the beginners of a language, words come after letters and sentences come after words. In the two periods, phonetics and morphology help the letters become words and syntax help the words become sentences. That's the fixed rules in a language. And that is exactly what we call grammar. On the other hand, a sentence without grammatical reasons can hardly be understood. No gestures can be in lieu of grammar. An arrogant demeanor towards grammar would destroy successful communication.
The soaking period would be better if it occurred after the grammar learning phase.
(Topic sentence) With a solid grammar basis, we are more capable of soaking into a language environment. We wouldn't be confused by the different forms of the same word nor would we confuse others with haphazard sentence organizations.
Grammar is like the land where plants and animals live. It is solid and reliable. With years passing by, the sceneries have changed a lot but the land is still there. That is to say, language phenomena may change with the social process, but grammar rules are chronically there to support it. Therefore, grammar learning can never be ignored; otherwise it'll endanger the whole language learning process.
(Conclusion) [解析] 审题立意
随着科学技术的快速发展,我们可以通过网络寻求越来越多的语言学习资源。很多人提出,基于便捷的资源,我们完全可以通过沉浸式的语言学习方式掌握一门语言。通过创造良好的语言环境,在目标语语境中自然地完成语言习得而无须传统地学习枯燥的语法知识。另一方面,很多人强调语言学习必须从语法开始。语法是一种语言的组织规则,也是一门语言不同于其他语言的最显著的特征之一。没有语法,遑论语言。沟通中,语言使用者如果不尊重语法规则,自说自话,那么必将导致沟通出现障碍。面对两种不同的语言学习观点,考生如何判断呢?结合材料,发表自己对于语言学习的看法。
写作框架
1.总结材料中给出的两方面观点。一方面,掌握语法使得语言学习的过程变得枯燥且漫长,而语境式的学习带给学习者更多成就感。另一方面,语法学习是语言学习的基础,只有掌握语法,语言学习者才能顺畅地听说读写。
2.发表自己的观点。语法在语言学习中的地位是不可撼动的,是我们入门一种语言的必经之路。万丈高楼平地起,没有一个良好的语法基础,整个语言学习的过程都将是摇摇晃晃的。
3.总结观点。语言学习同其他任何一门学问一样,没有捷径可走。学习语法知识是基础工程。
2.
文物古迹有无重建的必要性?
Read carefully the following two excerpts on cultural relics, and then write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then
2. express your opinion towards the reconstruction of cultural relics, especially your opinion on its necessity and feasibility.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpts.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Continuation of Civilization
Recently, the intense fire at Notre Dame de Paris has grieved the world. It has not only destroyed the historical wealth of French people, but also caused great damage to world civilization. Cultural relics as the reservation of history possess significant position in the human world. Therefore, the reconstruction of cultural relics is always an important topic all around the world.
To give reconstruction to cultural relics refers to the material reappearance of the cultural relics and historical sites whose original existence was lost. With earthquakes, wars and even many unexpected threats, a number of cultural relics worldwide have been damaged. And we have lost some of them permanently. The duties are ours to rebuild these cultural relics since we are closer to these lost relics than future generations. Reconstructing the cultural relics with modern technology is of great significance to the continuation of human civilization.
Besides the valuable historical meaning, the reconstruction of cultural relics is also vital for the regional economy. In an era with strong tourism enthusiasm, the historical resources like cultural relics are equivalent to a gold mine.
Excerpt 2 Reconstruction or New Construction?
Although all the social members cherish the unique cultural relics, not everyone agrees on the reconstruction projects of cultural relics. The skeptical voices are mainly about the level of similarity between the original construction and the reconstructed one.
Technically speaking, the reconstruction process of cultural relics would definitely cover various factors that may include the reference from the historical materials, the understanding of the designer, and the limitations of current technology and so on. With all these changing and uncertain factors, it's very hard to ensure a high resemblance between the old building and the reconstructed one.
And if the reconstruction had finally turned out to be the new construction that follows the pattern of old cultural relics, how can we expect to attach more historical value to it than the pictures or models. With the doubts and uncertainties, many people begin to question if the large amount of money and labor for these reconstructed projects are really necessary. After all, there are tons of public projects awaiting in line for the money.
[范文]
The Necessity of Reconstructing a Cultural Relic
Being the victims of natural and man-made disasters, today many cultural relics have been damaged seriously and some have even vanished from our society forever. Facing the problems of the reconstruction of cultural relics has become a hot debate issue. Some agree to the suggestion of reconstructing cultural relics by acclaiming that it's the efficient way to reserve civilization and should be done without even momentary delays, while others propose that the reconstruction costs a huge number of money and there's no guarantee for the reconstructed product. Based on the above opinions, the reconstruction of cultural relics is definitely necessary in modern society and we must pay more attention to the reconstruction technology and its reconstruction purposes.
(Viewpoint)
On the one hand, our behaviors in protecting the historical wealth directly influence the future generation.
(Topic sentence) The difficulties and obstacles are commonly seen in the whole developing process of human civilization and our generation cannot just skip the problems by giving up the reconstructions. The problems are not stop signs but the guidelines. The reconstruction of cultural relics is no doubt the tonic on restoring the historical sites we have lost for good.
On the other hand, we must treat the reconstruction projects and the reconstruction plan discreetly
(Topic sentence) To avoid the waste of money, we must comprehensively evaluate the reconstruction of a certain cultural relic. Also, it's necessary to learn about the history of a reconstructing project before rebuilding and be aware that the reconstruction is not a temporary expedient. What's more, the tourism purpose and the historical purpose must be balanced in a reconstruction project. It's the duty of both the government and the social members to give as much effort as we can to ensure a successful reconstruction.
In all, cultural relics are able to convulse the national history. The potency of cultural relics is big enough to reflect history and carry history. To deplete our strength in protecting and reconstructing the cultural relics is a basic tenet in keeping history alive.
(Conclusion) [解析] 审题立意
文物古迹作为人类历史的见证有着极强的文化意义和社会意义。而如今,随着天灾人祸等多种因素的影响,很多文物古迹遭到破坏,有些甚至已经消失。针对这一现象,文物古迹的重建问题就成为热点话题。有人认为文物古迹的重建是很有必要的,这是对我们历史财产的重现,也是文明的存续。反对之声则主要来源于对重建成品的质疑,认为照着葫芦画瓢无法真正达到理想的文物古迹重现效果,同时,在重建方面所消耗的大量人力、物力本可以用来建设更多的民生工程。针对这些不同的观点,考生如何看待文物古迹重建的问题呢?结合材料,发表观点。
写作框架
1.总结材料中给出的两方面观点。一方面,文物古迹重建是历史文明的存续。另一方面,重建效果是否能够达标也是主要问题。
2.发表自己的观点。对于人类文化遗产的保存与延续是我们义不容辞的责任。个人认为,重建的意图绝对无可厚非,而重建的技术以及目的是需要我们努力和思考的问题。
3.总结观点。人类文明的发展与延续过程中本就存在诸多挑战,我们应该积极努力,克服问题,尽全力为子孙后代留存历史财富。
3.
关于大学课堂点名
Read carefully the following two excerpts about college teachers checking class attendance, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then
2. express your opinion towards checking class attendance by calling names, especially your opinion on whether it's a reasonable rule.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpts.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Ensure Class Order
Class attendance is taken as the reference in grading in many colleges. It is often called the daily performance of a student. Originally, checking class attendance can be seen as a way of knowing students by their names. Gradually, teachers usually check the class attendance by calling the students' names at the beginning of a class to ensure an efficient class.
It is of great importance to check the attendance in class since college courses are relatively decentralized. That is to say, the whereabouts of the students are hard to know except in class. Therefore, checking the class attendance is also a means of assuring the safety of the students.
Rather than going to class as expected, many students wouldn't mind skipping classes to do things they are interested in. Supervision should be given to these young adults to push them forward in studying. After all, the self-control ability of these college boys and girls should not be overestimated. At the same time, checking class attendance is important for the teachers and it's irresponsible for a teacher to go on with class anyway despite the poor attendance rate.
Excerpt 2 A Mechanical Rule
Though checking class attendance is a common rule on campus, it is strongly opposed by many students. A teacher who's keen on checking class attendance is usually considered not charming enough to keep students. That indicates that the teacher is impotent in teaching tasks and the students can only be kept in class by rules.
Checking class attendance is seen as kidnapping learning. It forces students to attend the class despite the students' willingness or their aptitude in the subject. The study process therefore becomes passive. And because of the unwillingness towards the class, the class time is wasted by many students by playing with phones or daydreaming. The disapproval of the class and the compulsive requirement of class attendance are conflicted.
At the same time, checking class attendance is also criticized, for it costs a lot of time to keep track of one's attendance that has reduced the lecture time. The study in college can only be deeper when supported by the students' personal interest. We cannot expect a student who is forced to sit in class to concentrate on their studies.
[范文]
Checking Class Attendance Is Necessary
Whether college teachers should check class attendance or not has always been disputed. And the opinions are diverged among the teachers and the students. While schools and teachers see it as an efficacious way to guarantee a normal campus order as well as the students' safety, the students are at odds with checking class attendance by claiming that forcing them to attend classes shows no respect for their interests. As far as I am concerned, checking class attendance is of great importance to both the college order and the development of college students.
(Viewpoint)
The most convincing reason for keeping the rule of checking class attendance is that college students are not all assiduous in their study.
(Topic sentence) If they really have the freedom of not attending classes, many of them are probably going to choose an aberrant way to spend time or even worse, they may just wallow in the mud. It will finally result in a regretful college time.
On the other side, students should not be reticent about their opinions on the teachings
(Topic sentence) We cannot succumb to all the arrangements in life. Nevertheless, if we want to break rules, we break them in a grand manner. Escaping classes is not the right way to solve problems, not to mention that many students are not realizing the value of knowledge. Therefore, the real conflicts are not the class attendance checking. It is the attitude a student hold towards the lessons.
Last but not least, schools should listen to the voice of their students and improve the class qualities.
(Conclusion) The students are supposed to attend classes with the whoops of delight, and not have to be forced. After all, efficient teaching and learning is based on a harmonious relationship between the teachers and their students.
[解析] 审题立意
大学课堂是否应该点名查出勤成为师生争论的焦点问题之一。学校与老师作为大学生在校期间学习与安全的负责人,通过检查出勤的方式可确保学生日常的学习生活,也间接保障了学生在校的安全。而从学生的角度来讲,课堂查出勤是一种绑架式的学习。期末成绩与出勤率直接挂钩,迫使学生不得不按时出席。针对大学课堂点名来查出勤的规定,考生可结合自己的切身体会,通过阅读两则材料发表自己的看法。
写作框架
1.总结材料中给出的两方面观点。一方面,从学校的角度来说,查出勤是对学生的学习与生活负责的表现。另一方面,从学生的角度来说,勉强其出席某堂课,可能会导致其丧失学习兴趣;另外,查出勤浪费了很多课堂的时间。
2.发表自己的观点。课堂的出勤检查是必要的,大学生尚处于不成熟的阶段,对很多知识的长远用处并不了解,如果确实不能出席课堂可以请假,觉得老师讲课不精彩可以提意见,这些不能作为逃课的借口。
3.总结观点。没有规矩不成方圆,学校应将学生意见与实际情况结合考虑,但是综合看来,对学生进行出勤管理是必要的。
4.
我对生活节奏的看法
Read carefully the following two excerpts on the pace of life, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then
2. express your opinion towards the pace of life, especially on what kind of lite you prefer and why.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpts.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Time is Money
Just as Benjamin Franklin said in
Advice to a Young Tradesman, "Time is money". Nowadays, these golden words mirror our life, too. To be the elites in society, it is necessary to strive to save time, to be highly capable in work and be more adaptable to the fast changing world. For most people, the more efficiently you work, the more competitive you are, and the more you can earn.
According to a study, the present global average walking speed is 10% faster than 10 years ago. With all the technological innovation, the Internet, the new information and the relentless efforts of everyone, the whole world is advancing faster than any time in history.
As a white collar worker said, "It is quite common for modern people to be a multi-tasking one. Because of the fast life pace, I have to force myself to be meticulous and absorb plenty of new information every day. In this way, I feel my life is fulfilled. Like squeezing water out of a piece of sponge, I arrange my time scientifically and efficiently. I can always find something new about myself."
Excerpt 2 The Pace of Heart Is Left Behind
Although no one can deny the great social progress brought by the fast rhythm, a discussion of the pace of life has been generated. Many people have criticized that the speed is too fast insomuch that there are even deaths from overwork. So many people left this world due to strokes, heart attacks and suicides every year. And one of the major reasons for these diseases is that modern people are highly strained in this fast-paced world.
"The world can always find someone to replace you if you fall down. But no one can replace you in your family. "said one. The impact of living in a fast changing world can also be invisible inside us. Living at a fast pace of life, our tiny brains tend to turn everything into measurable piece.
By interpreting and categorizing things simply by the parameters of how much that affects ourselves and whether that is time-consuming, we have lost the joy of life. For instance, we love the delicate Chinese cuisine. In the past, we wouldn't hesitate to cover a long distance to our favorite restaurant. But now, to save time, a big meal is often replaced by fast food.
[范文]
Call a Truce with Your Haste
With the development of science and technology, human society is advancing faster than ever. Living at a fast pace, we have maximized the value of our life by living every minute to the fullest. What we create within the same time nowadays would be beyond the imagination of those who lived decades ago. While we are exulting over the huge achievement we have made today, we are hassled by troubles at the same time. We have always been taught that "cease the struggle and cease the life", but somehow we have been caught up in it too tight to forget how to lead a nice life now. So far as I am concerned, the outer effort and the inner peace of one person should be balanced.
(Viewpoint)
Firstly, there's nothing wrong with hard working and keeping learning new knowledge.
(Topic sentence) Nowadays, our society is moving forward by leaps and bounds. Keeping ourselves on the trot is of great importance on our way to having a valuable life. Just as Leonard Bernstein said "to achieve great things, you need a plan and not quite enough time." The rapid life pace promotes the progress of society and also makes us quick on the trigger.
On the other hand, unlike cold and emotionless machines. human beings are fragile both physically and mentally to some extent throughout our life.
(Topic sentence) To be in the middle of a frazzled day, haunted by the work and kids, swamped by the emails and phone calls, one can be fagged out. With the development of technology and economy, the world is witnessing the prosperity of cities every day and also the stress and pain of many modern people.
I think the life journey is like a marathon, and the key to success is that you keep running all the time without rush and haste.
(Conclusion) [解析] 审题立意
本作文题目需要考生在阅读题目给出的两种关于“快节奏生活”观点的基础上,结合自己感悟阐述对于当今忙碌生活的看法。一方面,科学技术与信息技术的迅猛发展使得世界的运转频率加快,我们只有不断提升自我,适应这种快节奏生活才能跟得上时代的脚步。但是另一方面,过快的生活节奏给人们带来了压力,很多人甚至产生过劳的现象,身体透支,心灵也无法得到宁静。
写作框架
1.总结材料中给出的两种看法,即关于快节奏的生活的积极意义以及它对于人们的压力。
2.发表自己的观点,即自己如何看待这种快节奏的生活。
3.总结观点。我们肯定快节奏生活给社会带来的积极发展,但是作为有身体、有心理需求的人类,我们应该平衡生活节奏与个人需求的关系。
5.
人工智能是否会取代人类劳动?
Read carefully the following two excerpts on AI technology, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts. and then
2. express your opinion towards AI technology. especially your opinion on whether AI technology would replace human labor in the future.
You can support yourself with information from the excerpts.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Liberate Human Labor
With great momentum, technology develops by leaps and bounds nowadays. It's fair to say that human beings create technology and technology relieves human labor in return. Seeing the tremendous progress in technology, some people believe that human labor will eventually be replaced by artificial intelligence in future years.
The birth of the most prolific "poet" has made the debate on human labor and artificial intelligence hotter. Highlighting the real emotions of human beings, the book
Sunshine Misses Windows was written by an AI. Writing over 10,000 poems in 2760 hours, AI could've been the most brilliant laureate in our literature history. As the artificial intelligence has proved to be smarter and more efficient than human beings, the confidence that AI would definitely contribute to our society has been inoculated to many people.
Since we are already living in a world that technology shares work with human beings, it is reasonable to predict that more work shall be shared in the future with the birth of more artificial products.
Excerpt 2 AI Is Not Omnipotent
Seeing the whole society exult over the progress of technologies is exciting. The development of AI is definitely one of the significant signs that suggest the advancement of our civilization. Although great possibilities are there to tell us that the content of work might be changed in the future, it seems the idea that AI would replace human labor in the future is not accepted by all the social members.
There are many careers that AI will never do better than human beings. For example, we may fall desperate if we knock the door of our psychotherapist and hear an answer with a sound just like a machine. Although AI can achieve as high intelligence as human beings, it is still deficient in emotional reactions. Therefore, there's no way that AI can be applied in such social industries.
Also, a view on the metafunction of AI brings us clear understanding of technology. They are supposed to serve people but not to deprive us of the fun of being a real person who can experience anything both emotionally and physically in social settings.
[范文]
My Opinion of AI
Nowadays, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, we can outsource many jobs to machines and robots. Thus the discussion about whether one day AI will replace human labor has been aroused. First, it is abundantly attested that AI can be as agile as human brains or even beyond our brains. So some believe that in the near future more and more AI products will be created and applied in our daily life and probably replace human work. However, many others considered that no matter how advanced AI could be, it will never replace humankind. As far as I am concerned, the intelligence of AI may surpass human beings in many aspects. but it will never gain the same status in emotional awareness, thus it will not replace human beings.
(Viewpoint)
On the one hand, we must admit that the birth of AI makes our society filled with an ecstasy of delight.
(Topic sentence) The advancement in technology can always bring a lot of convenience to our society. For example, in terms of complicated calculation, AI would be an excellent assistant.
But on the other hand, AI has its own limitations.
(Topic sentence) Let's say we replace the waiter in a KFC with a robot. You may get your order smoothly, but you cannot expect this cool waiter to reconfirm your choice according to the hesitation on your face if this is not designed in its program. Designed by human beings, the programs and settings of an AI will never be good at meeting emotional needs as human beings.
A human society is made up of human beings with complicated feelings, and there will always be some changing situations. At this point, AI cannot be compared with human beings.
(Conclusion) And that's the biggest difference between human beings and machine. After all, no matter how excellent an online lesson is, many people still prefer a teacher who can scold us loudly face to face.
[解析] 审题立意
在现代社会,关于科技的探讨已经屡见不鲜。人工智能的发展又将这一话题引向了高潮。科技的发展是否预示着人类的劳动终将被取代,考生需要在认真阅读两则材料的基础上,结合人工智能的发展形势,发表自己关于人工智能会不会最终取代人类劳动的看法。
写作框架
1.总结材料中给出的两方面的观点。一方面,鉴于人工智能的惊人发展,有人认为,人工智能会在未来代替人类劳动。另一方面,还有人认为,人工智能是冰冷的机器,在情感、美学等诸多方面永远无法赶超人类。
2.发表自己的观点,即你是否认为人工智能会在未来取代人类的劳动。两种看法各有道理,陈述清楚理由即可。
3.总结观点。若是认为人工智能会取代人类劳动,那么应该说明在未来,人类社会与人工智能密不可分,随着科技的发展,会有越来越多的人工智能产品;若是认为人工智能不会取代人类劳动,可以从人类的情感需求,以及人类最终需要去操控这些智能产品的角度出发得出结论。