4. —Why does John speak through every discussion but never listen to the others? —That's what he ______ do, we used to hate that, but are used to it now.
11. Your hair wants ______. You'd better have it done tomorrow.
A.cut
B.to cut
C.cutting
D.being cut
A B C D
C
[解析] 考查主动形式表示被动含义。在want，need，require，deserve，bear等词后面，动名词用主动形式表被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。本句中的want cutting相当于want to be cut，意思是“你的头发需要剪了”。故C项正确。
12. ______ we shall bend this material into a ring is not yet decided.
A.Which
B.Where
C.Why
D.Who
A B C D
B
[解析] 考查主语从句。句意为“我们将在何处把这种材料弯成环形，还未决定”。由题干可知句子“we shall bend this material into a ring”是整个句子的主语，且此句本身缺少地点状语，所以空格处用连接副词引导主语从句，只能是选项中的where。which和who是连接代词，why是连接副词，但表示原因，与句意不符。故本题选B。
13. George took ______ of the fine weather to do a day's work in his garden.
18. The mere fact ______ most people believe nuclear war would be mad does not mean that it will not occur.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.whose
A B C D
A
[解析] 考查同位语从句。句意为“大多数人认为核战争是疯狂的，但这并不意味着核战争就不会爆发”。本题“most people believe nuclear war would be mad”部分是同位语从句，对fact的内容进行阐释说明；从句意义完整，连接词在从句中不充当任何成分，所以用that引导。which不可引导同位语从句；what和whose在引导从句时在句子充当成分，B、C、D三项均可排除。
19. Hamlet is just an ______ character in the novel.
二、阅读理解 The horns have sounded and the hounds are baying. Across the developed world the hunt for more taxes from the wealthy is on. Recent austerity budgets in France and Italy slapped 3%surcharges on those with incomes above 500,000 ($680,000) and 300,000 respectively. Now Barack Obama has produced a new deficit-reduction plan that aims its tax increases squarely at the rich, including a "Buffett rule" to ensure that no household making more than $1m a year pays a lower average tax rate than "middle-class" families do. Tapping the rich to close the deficit is "not class warfare", argues Mr. Obama. "It's math." Actually, it's not simply math. The question of whether to tax the wealthy more depends on political judgments about the right size of the state and the appropriate role for redistribution. The math says deficits could technically be tamed by spending cuts alone—as Mr. Obama's Republican opponents advocate. Class warfare may be a loaded term, but it captures a fundamental debate in Western societies: who should suffer for righting public finances? There are three good reasons why the wealthy should pay more tax—though not, by and large, in the ways that the rich world's governments currently propose. First, the West's deficits should not be closed by spending cuts alone. Public spending should certainly take the brunt. But experience also argues that higher taxes should be part of the mix. In America the tax take is historically low after years of rate reductions. There, and elsewhere, tax rises need to bear some of the burden. Second, there is a political argument for raising this new revenue from the rich. Spending cuts fall disproportionately on the less well-off; and, even before the crunch, median incomes were stagnating. Meanwhile, globalization has been rewarding winners ever more generously. Voters' support for ongoing austerity depends on a disproportionate share of any new revenue coming from the wealthy. Given the rich world's need for faster growth, governments should be wary of sharp tax increases—especially since they are unnecessary. Indeed, the third argument for raising more money from the rich is that it can be done not by increasing marginal tax rates, but by making the tax code more efficient. The scope for doing so is most obvious in America, which relies far more than other countries on income taxes and has a mass of deductions on everything from interest payments on mortgages to employer-provided health care, so taxes are levied on a very narrow base. Since the main beneficiaries of the deductions are the wealthy, richer folk would pay most of that. And since marginal rates would be untouched (or reduced), such a reform would do less to discourage them from creating wealth.
1. The word "austerity" (Para. 1) most probably means ______.
A.unpredictability
B.shortage
C.notoriety
D.urgency
A B C D
B
[解析] 含义题。根据题干定位到第一段。该词位于第三句中，前一句指出，发达国家开始向富人征收更多的税(the hunt for more taxes from the wealthy is on)，接着第三、四句举了一些发达国家的例子，即最近法国和意大利实行的预算(Recent austerity budgets in France and Italy)，向收入超过50万欧元(68万美元)和30万欧元的人分别多征收了3%的税，而奥巴马也制订了向富人加税的新的赤字削减计划(new deficit-reduction plan that aims its tax increases squarely at the lich)。可见，法国和意大利实行的预算同奥巴马实行的赤字削减计划性质相同，都是通过向富人征收更多的税来补贴有限的财政预算，由此可推知，目前的财政预算政策是紧缩的财政政策，可知B项最符合题意，故为答案。
2. It can be learned from the first paragraph that ______.
A.hunting for more taxes from the rich can reduce the class differences
B.the low-income families do not need to pay income tax
C.Obama's plan is designed to narrow the deficit by taxing the rich
D.Buffer sets a good example for tax payers
A B C D
C
[解析] 推断题。根据题干定位到第一段。第四句提到奥巴马已经制订一个全新的赤字削减计划，将增税的目标明确指向富人(Barack Obama has produced a new deficit-reduction plan that aims its tax increases squarely at the rich)。故可推知，奥巴马的计划旨在削减财政赤字，而且是通过增加对富人的税收来削减赤字，C项为原文内容的同义替换，故正确。
3. Which of the following is the reason for taxing more from the rich in the U.S.? ______.
A.The tax rate in the U.S. is lower than that in other countries
B.The rich suffer little from spending cuts
C.Spending cut is not enough to settle financial problems
D.The rich are not influenced by the increasing marginal tax rates
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词the reason for taxing more from the rich可定位至文章第三、四段。这两段说明了向富人多征税的三点原因(three good reasons why the wealthy should pay more tax)。其中，第三段第二句指出原因之一：西方国家的赤字不能仅通过削减开销来缩小(the West's deficits should not be closed by spending cuts alone)，第三、四句还指出，公共开支理应首当其冲，但经验表明增加税收也应该是众多措施的一部分(higher taxes should be part of the mix)，C项与文意相符，故正确。
4. The author's attitude towards America's higher taxes on the rich is one of ______.
A.positiveness
B.skepticism
C.objectiveness
D.indifference
A B C D
A
[解析] 态度题。本题就作者对向富人征收更多税的态度提问，由于文中并没有文字能直接表明作者的态度，故需分析全文得知。文章前两段首先说明了讨论的主题：发达国家为了削减财政赤字开始向富人征收更多的税。接着第三、四段集中说明了对富人征收更多税的三点原因，这几点原因颇具说服力，表明作者是支持向富人征税的。最后一段首句又提到，在美国，对富人多征税的可能性最明显(the scope for doing so is most obvious in America)，接着后文具体解释了原因。由此可知，作者是支持向富人征收更多税的，故A项符合文中作者的态度，故为答案。
5. Which of the following is the text mainly about? ______.
A.U.S. government should make special tax rules for the rich
B.More taxes should be hunted for from the rich
C.Many countries need new tax policies to handle financial problems
D.Obama's new plan will save the country's economy
A B C D
B
[解析] 主旨题。文章第一段开门见山地提出了文章的主题：向富人征收更多的税，接着第一段围绕这一主题介绍了发达国家，尤其是美国实施这一措施的情况。第二段承接第一段，继续指出向富人多征税引发了“谁该为平衡公共财政埋单”的争议(Who should suffer for righting public finances)。接着第三、四段给出了向富人多征税的理由。第五段作者则特别说明了这一做法在美国实施的可能性及其原因。由以上分析可知，本文主要围绕着向富人征税这一问题展开论述，说明了这一措施的目的、原因以及在美国的可行性，B项准确且全面地概括了原文主旨，故正确。
Imagine browsing a website when an attractive ad for lingerie catches your eye. You don't click on it, merely smile and go to another page. Yet it follows you, putting up more racy pictures, perhaps even the offer of a discount. Finally, annoyed by its persistence, you frown. "Sorry for taking up your time," says the ad, and promptly stops further disturbance. Creepy. But making online ads that not only know you are looking at them but also respond to your emotions will soon be possible, thanks to the power of image-processing software and the common existence of tiny cameras in computers and mobile devices. Uses for this technology would not, of course, be confined to advertising. There is ample scope to apply it in areas like security, computer gaming, education and health care. But advertisers are among the first to embrace the idea in earnest. Advertising firms already film how people react to ads, usually in an artificial setting. The participants' faces are studied for positive or negative feelings. A lot of research has been done into ways of categorizing the emotions behind facial expressions. Some consumer-research companies also employ cameras to track eye movements so they can be sure what their subjects are looking at. This can help determine which ads attract the most attention and where they might be placed for the best effect on a web page. One of the companies doing such work, Realeyes, which is based in London, has been developing a system that combines eye-spying webcams with emotional analysis. Mihkel Jaatma, who founded the company in 2007, says that his system is able to detect a person's mood by plotting the position of facial features, such as eyebrows, mouth and nostrils, and employing clever programs to interpret changes in their alignment—as when eyebrows are raised in surprise, say. Add eye-movement tracking, hinting at which display ads were overlooked and which were studied for any period of time, and the approach offers precisely the sort of quantitative data brand managers yearn for. At present the system is being used on purpose-built websites with, for instance, online research groups testing the effect of various display ads. The next step is to make interactive ads. Because they can spot the visual attention given to them, as well as the emotional state of the viewer, these ads could change their responses. As similar technologies become widespread, privacy concerns will invariably increase. People would need to give consent to their webcams being used in this way, Mr. Jaatma admits. One way to persuade Internet users to grant access to their images would be to offer them discounts on goods or subscriptions to websites.
6. The imagined situation in Paragraph 1 introduces ______.
7. According to Paragraph 2, the study of people's emotional responses to ads ______.
A.contributes to the wide use of interactive ads in various fields
B.helps to improve the way in which online ads are displayed
C.classifies the different emotions of the subjects in real life
D.opens a door to a better acceptance of online advertisements
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第二段。该段第四至六句话介绍了人们对广告的情绪反应的研究：广告公司录制了在模拟场景中(in an artificial setting)人们对于广告的不同反应，并对参与者表达积极或消极情绪时的面部表情进行了研究。结合第一段中的信息(根据人的情绪做出反应的广告)，可推知，广告商是想通过研究人的情绪开发出这种广告，以便获得更好的广告效果，B项符合文意，故为正确答案。
8. The emotional analysis by Realeyes company mainly focuses on ______.
A.eye movements
B.psychological disorders
C.facial expressions
D.quantitative data
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词Realeyes company定位到第三段。该段介绍了。Realeyes公司所开发的一个新系统。首句指出，该公司一直在研发一种将眼球监测网络摄像头与情绪分析相结合的系统。接下来第二句具体指出该系统所具有的功能，能够通过标示眉毛、嘴和鼻孔等面部位置，并运用智能程序识别其位置的变化来识别人的情绪(detect a person's mood by plotting the position of facial features)，故可推断出该公司对情绪的分析主要是通过标示人的面部特征来进行的，C项符合文意，为正确答案。
9. Interactive ads are featured by ______.
A.smart responses
B.identification of attention
C.recognition of emotions
D.acute observation
A B C D
A
[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词Interactive ads定位至第四段。该段第一、二句指出，目前该系统正被用于各种为特定目的而建立的网站，而下一步就是要制作互动式广告。接着第三句对互动式广告进行了说明：由于这类广告能捕捉到人们的视觉关注以及浏览者的情绪状态，因此它们可以做出相应的反应(these ads could change their responses)。由此可推知，捕捉到浏览者对其的视觉关注和情绪是互动式广告做出相应反应的两个前提条件，同时也是互动式广告的特殊之处，故A项正确。
10. As for the new technology, use of webcams would be forbidden when ______.
A.intellectual property is concerned
B.Internet users do not permit it
C.the technology becomes popular
D.no discounts or other services are provided
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据题干中关键词定位至最后一段。该段首句指出，随着此类技术的广泛使用，对于个人的隐私将备受关注，接着第二句指出加塔玛先生也表示，以这种方式使用网络摄像头必须得到当事人的同意(People would need to give consent to their webcams being used in this way)，由此可知，如果当事人不同意，这种网络摄像头则会被禁用，B项符合此意，故为正确答案。
There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of "climbing the ladder" so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally "driven" to work. Not infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate (过度的)amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word "workaholic" has been created to describe an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic (酒鬼) is to liquor. There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production—a workaholic supports these values. Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling against the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary. Consequently there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities. Increased leisure time in the United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. "There is a belief that it is desirable" to work hard and play hard, and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work. People are ambivalent (矛盾的)toward work; it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. In the words of former President Richard Nixon: "The 'work ethic' holds that labor is good in itself; that a man or woman becomes a better person by virtue of the act of working. America's competitive spirit, the 'work ethic' of this people, is alive and well ..." Another viewpoint is expressed in an Anacin commercial: "I like my job and am good at it, but it sure grinds me down (折磨) sometimes, and the last thing I need to take home is a headache."
11. An individual who is addicted to work is ______.
A.a drug addict
B.a compulsive worker
C.an alcoholic (drinks too much alcohol)
D.a competitive worker
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据短文第一段前两句There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of "climbing the ladder" so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally "driven" to work. 可看出有些人深受“climbing the ladder”观念影响，目的是提高社会地位，经济地位和自我价值，所以他们internally "driven" to work，即受自身驱使而工作。故本题选B。
12. The author states that workaholics ______.
A.abuse themselves physically and mentally
B.are highly productive members of society
C.torture themselves physically
D.both A and B
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。作者在第二段指出对于workaholics(工作狂)，人们有两种不同的观点。一种观点认为workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally(工作狂是在身体与精神上虐待自己)；另一种观点则认为(workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. (他们是对社会有价值的成员，因为他们工作效率极高。)故本题选D。
13. Why have some people begun to place less emphasis on work and more on non-work activities? ______.
A.Because they realize that work is not useful
B.Because they realize that leisure time should be enjoyed
C.Because they realize that excessive work demands can be harmful to their health
D.Because they realize that having friends is not as necessary as working
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据短文第三段第一句there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. 可知人们开始意识到过度的工作会对健康造成危害。故本题选C。
14. The reason why some people don't socialize with their co-workers on the job is that ______.
A.they consider work and play separate activities
B.they have nothing in common with their fellow workers
C.they feel that socializing with them well create problems at home
D.they feel that socializing with them may result in emotional problems
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。短文第四段开头指出the idea that work and play are distinct activities可知人们认为工作和娱乐是两个独立的活动。故本题选A。
15. The difference between Nixon's view of work and the view expressed on the TV commercial for Anacin is that ______.
A.the former is true; the latter is false
B.the former is a fact; the latter is an opinion
C.the former is a glorification of work; the latter is not
D.the former is an opinion; the latter is a fact
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。短文最后一段指出People are ambivalent toward work; it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. 即有人赞扬工作，有人轻视工作。接着就列举了Nixon的观点和Anacin这种药的广告词来阐释这两种对工作的看法。故本题选C。
There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, and the other becomes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conveniences, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of wines, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be critical. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequency puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.
16. According to the author, the major reason to cause the difference between happy and unhappy people is that ______.
A.they have different life styles
B.they have fewer friends
C.they look at things differently
D.they are not on good terms with the people around them
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据短文第一段最后一句This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. 可知正是看待事物、人和事件的方式存在差异，才导致了两种人的区别。故本题选C。
17. The basic difference between happy and unhappy people lies in the facts that ______.
A.they focus on different aspects of their life
B.they have different attitudes towards other people
C.they have different personalities
D.they come from different family backgrounds
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。短文第二段指出两种人的差别：The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things和Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. 由此可知两种人的区别在于关注点不同。故本题选A。
18. The sentence "The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation" in Paragraph 2 means ______.
A.criticizing has become a habit and no one wants to imitate them
B.criticizing and being disgusted has become a tendency and it is caused initially by imitation
C.this tendency should not be imitated
D.imitation is one of the reasons why they always criticize others
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。“The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation”这句话可解释为：这种挑剔和让人厌烦的倾向最初可能是由模仿造成的。故本题选B。
19. What does "condescend" (Para. 3) mean? ______.
A.Retentive
B.Force themselves
C.Make efforts
D.Be humble and acceptive
A B C D
D
[解析] 含义题。联系上下文，根据句意可知，condescend的意思应为选项D．Be humble and acceptive. 意为“谦逊，屈尊”。故本题选D。
20. In the third paragraph the writer states that ______.
A.unhappy people always put themselves at rather unfavorable positions
B.unhappy people can be suitable to be leaders
C.unhappy people are always easy to become successful
D.unhappy people do not like to be mixed up with other people
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。短文最后一段主要叙述unhappy people的情况。本段第一句指出...it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. 故可知unhappy people常常把自己置于一个不利的境地。故本题选A。
≈33.3%，本题选A。
，李四答对了42题，两人都答对的题目占题目总数的
，那么两人都没有答对的题目共有______道。
瓶饮料，
，x最小为21。
=1499×3002，根据尾数选A。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题