PART ONE A Salinas outlines the key qualities of good management in this autobiography. He believes that decisions should be based on facts, not opinions; that people's strengths should be exploited; and that disagreement is sometimes necessary. But the main point he makes is that leadership means performing well at all times and setting a good example. B In this collection of essays, top business leaders predict how businesses will change over the next few years. They analyse changes in business and society and their effects on job markets, as well as taking a look at possible strengths and weaknesses of leading economics and their currencies. This collection outlines a vision of tomorrow's business world and the type of leaders that will be required. C This book is a well-researched study of the problem of leadership in global quoted companies. 160 international business leaders were asked how they added value to their companies and their answers form the main part of this book. Both managers and companies are analysed in order to show how they cope with difficult issues. A useful book for all senior managers. D 100 well-known US business leaders through this century are described in this book, which analyses how their fortunes were made and sometimes lost. The background, business career character and personal life of each individual are outlined, creating an impressive collection of biographies and an excellent reference work.
1. This is an account of one business leader's experiences.
A
“这是对一个商业公司领导的经历的介绍。”由A段中第一句autobiography可知。
2. This book suggests probable trends in the business world.
B
“这本书指出了商业领域的可能趋势。”由于B段有“top business leaders predict how business will change over the next years”符合。
3. In this book you learn about the lives of business leaders from the past.
D
“从这本书中你可以了解到商界领衲的过去的生活。”D段中有“100 well-known U. S. business leaders through this century are described in this book”。
4. The writer of this book gives his personal views of what makes a good business leader.
A
“书中作者给出了一个好的公司领导应有的特征的个人观点。”A中有“Salinas outlines the key qualities of good management in this autobiography.”这一句符合题目要求。
5. This book looks at how large companies deal with various problem areas.
C
“这本书关注于大公司如何处理各种各样的问题。”C段中有“This book is a well-researched study of the problem of leadership in global quoted company.”
6. This book is based on interviews with business leaders.
C
“这本书基于对公司领导的采访。”C段中有“their answers form the main part of this book.”这一句，所以C对。
7. This book describes both successes and failures.
D
“这本书描述得失与成败。”D段第一句后半部分就是答案。
PART TWO
Buffet Zone
Lucy Robertson started working at a take-away food business to supplement her income during her student days at Edinburgh University. Several years later she had bought the business and now, 17 years on, she owns Grapevine Caterers, probably Scotland's leading independent caterers, with a turnover of almost ￡6m. She had never planned to own a business, and had certainly never considered a career in catering. Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving university, and a steady if unspectacular professional path seemed set. However, her unplanned career began in 1985, when she returned to Edinburgh and discovered that the takeaway she had worked in was up for sale. On impulse, she bought it, but admits that at the time she knew nothing about catering. 1 It was a difficult time, but essential in terms of gaining the experience she needed. The late 1980s boom was good for business, with large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway food for their lunches. 2 "At one point there were 26 food outlets within a 5-kil0metre radius," Robertson recalls, as the economy changed and the once packed office blocks started to become vacant, it became clear that Robertson would need to diversify. 3 It changed the direction of the company for good. As Robertson began to win catering contracts, she decided that the company would have to move to larger premises. In 1994, the move was made when she bought another catering business that already had a number of profitable contracts for boardroom lunches. Meanwhile, Robertson's main competitor, the oldest catering company in Edinburgh, was causing her some anxiety. "Customer loyally is not to be underestimated," she warns. But Robertson is not someone who is easily put off. 4 Partly as a result of this, turnover doubled, and having outgrown another site, Robertson bought a city-centre location for the group's headquarters. By now, Grapevine's main competitor was a new catering company called Towngates. Although Robertson tried to raise enough money to buy Towngates, she did not succeed. Then luck intervened and Towngates went bankrupt. 5 Many accepted and the company's turnover went from ￡700,000 to ￡1.5 million almost overnight. However, the company's growth was not as smooth as it sounds in retrospect. Robertson admits, "We were close to the edge during the growth period. Like many under-capitalized companies trying to grow, it might easily have collapsed." But that, she feels, is the challenge of developing your own business. A. But there are plenty of similar contracts to be won in the east of Scotland before Robertson turns her attention elsewhere. B. Her way round this particular problem was to recruit the catering manager of the rival company. C. But this demand was short-lived, and before long, increasing competition made it harder to make a profit. D. "It was a dramatic learning curve and very small amounts of money were earned at first," says Robertson. E. She decided that the solution, since many companies required working lunches for meetings with clients, was to prepare and deliver meals to business premises. F. On hearing this, Robertson immediately contacted all of their clients and offered the services of Grapevine Caterers. G. Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving university, and a steady if unspectacular professional path seemed set.
[解析] 空格前一句为“与此同时，Robertson的主要竞争对手是爱丁堡地区成立最久的餐饮公司，这让她感到忧虑；她表明在竞争中顾客的忠诚度是至关重要的，Robertson不是那么轻易可以被打倒的。”空格后一句为“基于这个原因，Robertson公司营业额翻番了，并在市中心成立了集团的总部”。由此可以推测出所缺句子应为Robertson所采取的具体竞争策略来拉拢老顾客。对应选项B中提到的“她通过雇佣竞争对手公司的餐饮部经理来拉拢老顾客。”其中选项句中的this particular problem应该指空格前一句话中的customer loyalty；而空格后一句中的as a result of this中的this指代选项句中的recruit the catering manager of the rival company。
5.
F
[解析] 空格前一句为“现在，Grapevine的主要竞争对手是一家新成立的名为Towngates的餐饮公司，尽管Robertson由于资金缺乏没能如愿收购这家公司，但幸运的是，这家公司后来破产了。”空格后一句为“很多Towngates的老顾客都接受了Grapevine，这使得Robertson的公司营业额几乎在一夜之间从70万英镑上升到150万英镑。”从而推测出所缺句子应是Robertson得知Towngates破产后采取的行动，对应选项F中提到的“在听到Towngates破产的消息后，Robertson立即联系Towngates的客户，希望为他们提供Grapevine餐饮公司的服务。”选项句中on hearing this指代的是听到Towngates餐饮公司破产的消息，承接上文；选项句中的Robertson immediately contacted all of their clients就是Robertson所采取的具体行动来增加营业额。
PART THREE
Department Store Magic
For most of the 20th century Smithson's was one of Britain's most successful department stores, but by the mid-1990s, it had become dull. Still profitable, thanks largely to a series of successful advertising campaigns, but decidedly boring. The famous were careful not to be seen there, and its sales staff didn't seem to have changed since the store opened in 1908. Worst of all, its customers were buying fewer and fewer of its own-brand products, the major part of its business, and showing a preference for more fashionable brands. But now all this has changed, thanks to Rowena Baker, who became Smithson's first woman Chief Executive three years ago. Since then, while most major retailers in Britain have been losing money, Smithson's profits have been rising steadily. When Baker started, a lot of improvements had just been made to the building, without having any effect on sales, and she took the bold decision to invite one of Europe's most exciting interior designers to develop the fashion area, the heart of the store. This very quickly led to rising sales, even before the goods on display were changed. And as sales grew, so did profits. Baker had ambitious plans for the store from the start. "We're playing a big game, to prove we're up there with the leaders in our sector, and we have to make sure people get that message. Smithson's had fallen behind the competition. It provided a traditional service targeted at middle-aged, middle-income customers, who'd been shopping there for years, and the customer base was gradually contracting. Our idea is to sell such an exciting variety of goods that everyone will want to come in, whether they plan to spend a little or a lot." Baker's vision for the store is clear, but achieving it is far from simple. At first, many employees resisted her improvements because they just wouldn't be persuaded that there was anything wrong with the way they'd always done things, even if they accepted that the store had to overtake its competitors. It took many long meetings, involving the entire workforce, to win their support. It helped when they realised that Baker was a very different kind of manager from the ones they had known. Baker's staff policies contained more surprises. The uniform that had hardly changed since day one has now disappeared. Moreover, teenagers now get young shop assistants, and staff in the sports departments are themselves sports fans in trainers. As Baker explains, "How can you sell jeans if you're wearing a black suit? Smithson's has a new identity, and this needs to be made clear to the customers." She's also given every sales assistant responsibility for ensuring customer satisfaction, even if it means occasionally breaking company rules in the hope that this will help company profits. Rowena Baker is proving successful, but the City's big investors haven't been persuaded. According to retail analyst, John Matthews, "Money had already been invested in refurbishment of the store and in fact that led to the boost in sales. She took the credit, but hadn't done anything to achieve it. And in my view the company's shareholders are not convinced. The fact is that unless she opens several more stores pretty soon, Smithson's profits will start to fall because turnover of the existing store will inevitably start to decline."
1. According to the writer, in the mid-1990s Smithson's department store ______.
A.was making a loss
B.had a problem keeping staff
C.was unhappy with its advertising agency
D.mostly sold goods under the Smithson's name
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。20世纪90年代中期，Smithson's百货公司的经营状况： 定位段落第一段，定位句为“Worst of all, its customers were buying fewer and fewer of its own-brand products, the major part of its business, and showing a preference for more fashionable brands.”即：最糟糕的是，顾客越来越不愿意购买公司的自有品牌的商品，而自有品牌的商品却是该公司的经营主体，他们逐渐开始对更加时尚的品牌感兴趣。 原文定位句中its own-brand products, the major part of its business选项D中mostly sold goods under the Smithson's name。 选项A中making a loss表示亏损，而原文中陈述的是still profitable；选项B中had a problem keeping staff表示公司不能留住员工，而原文中陈述的是its sales staff didn't seem to have changed；选项C中unhappy with its advertising agency表示对广告部门不满意，而原文中陈述的是thanks largely to a series of successful advertising campaigns。
2. According to the writer, Smithson's profits started rising three years ago because of ______.
A.an improvement in the retailing sector
B.the previous work done on the store
C.Bowena Baker's choice of designer
D.a change in the products on sale
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。Smithson's百货公司三年前利润增长的原因： 定位段落第二段，定位句为“she took the bold decision to invite one of Europe's most exciting interior designers to develop the fashion area, the heart of the store. This very quickly led to rising sales, even before the goods on display were changed.”即：她做了一个大胆的决定，聘请了欧洲最著名的一位室内设计师来设计百货公司里最核心的时尚区域。这个举措使营业额迅速地得到了提升，商品的陈列也焕然一新了。 原文定位句中invite one of Europe's most exciting interior designers to develop the fashion area对应选项C中Bowena Baker's choice of designer。 选项A中improvement in the retailing sector表示零售行业的改善，而原文中陈述的是major retailers in Britain have been losing money；选项B中the previous work done on the store表示百货店先前所做的努力，而原文陈述的是improvements had just been made to the building, without having any effect on sales；选项D在原文中没有提及。
3. According to Bowena Baker, one problem which Smithson's faced when she joined was that ______.
A.the number of people using the store was falling slowly
B.its competitors offered a more specialized range of products
C.the store's prices were set at the wrong level
D.customers were unhappy with the service provided
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。当Bowena Baker上任时Smithson's百货公司面临的问题是： 定位段落第三段，定位句为“Smithson's had fallen behind the competition. It provided a traditional service targeted at middle-aged, middle-income customers, who'd been shopping there for years, and the customer base was gradually contracting.”即：Smithson's百货公司已经落后于竞争对手。多年来Smithson's百货公司提供传统服务的目标客户群是中年的、中等收入的人群，但是这个客户群正逐渐地萎缩。 原文定位句中the customer base was gradually contracting对应选项A中the number of people using the store was falling slowly。 选项B、C、D均没有在定位段落提及。
4. According to the writer, many staff opposed Baker's plans because ______.
A.they were unwilling to change their way of working
B.they disagreed with her goals for the store
C.they felt they were not consulted enough about the changes
D.they were unhappy with her style of management
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。员工反对Baker的方案的原因： 定位段落第三段，定位句为“At first, many employees resisted her improvements because they just wouldn't be persuaded that there was anything wrong with the way they'd always done things, even if they accepted that the store had to overtake ifs competitors.”即：起初很多员工抵制她的改建计划，因为他们固执地认为他们过去的经营方式没有什么问题，即使他们承认公司确实应该赶超竞争对手们。 原文定位句中many employees resisted her improvements对应题干中many staff opposed Baker's plans；原文定位句中they just wouldn't be persuaded that there was anything wrong with the way they'd always done things对应选项A中they were unwilling to change their way of working。 选项B、C、D均没有在定位段落提及。
5. Baker has changed staff policies because she believes that ______.
A.the corporate image can be improved through staff uniforms
B.the previous rules were not fair to customers
C.customers should be able to identify with the staff serving them
D.employees should share in company profits
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。Baker改变员工策略的原因： 定位段落第四段，定位句为“Moreover, teenagers now get young shop assistants, and staff in the sports departments are themselves sports fans in trainers. As Baker explains, 'How can you sell jeans if you're wearing a black suit? Smithson's has a new identity, and this needs to be made clear to the customers.'”即：而且，店铺的服务员趋于年轻化，销售运动服部门的员工本身都是运动迷，都穿着运动鞋。正如Baker所说，如果你穿着西装那么如何能卖出牛仔裤呢?Smithson's百货公司必须使店内员工与顾客产生共同点或共同语言。 原文定位句中Smithson's has a new identity, and this needs to be made clear to the customers对应选项C中customers should be able to identify with the staff serving them。 选项A中image can be improved through staff uniforms表示员工制服的改变可以提高公司形象，而原文中只是陈述了制服改变这一事实，并没有说明制服改变带来了哪些影响；选项B、D在定位段落没有提及。
6. What problem does John Mathews think Smithson's is facing?
A.More money needs to be invested in the present store.
B.The company's profits will only continue to rise if it expands.
C.The refurbishment of the store is proving unpopular with customers.
D.Smithson's shareholders expect a quick return on their investments.
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。John Mathews认为Smithson's百货公司所面临的问题是： 定位段落第五段，定位句为“The fact is that unless she opens several more stores pretty soon, Smithson's profits will start to fall because turnover of the existing store will inevitably start to decline.”即：除非她能够尽快地增开几个店铺，否则Smithson's百货公司的利润将会下降，因为现有的店铺营业额将会不可避免地下降。 原文定位句中opens several more stores对应选项B中expands；原文定位句中unless...Smithson's profits will start to fall对应选项B中profits will only continue to rise。 选项A中more money needs to be invested in the present store表示更多的资金需要投入到现有的店铺中，而原文中陈述的是money had already been invested in refurbishment of the store；选项C中the refurbishment of the store is proving unpopular with customers表示店铺的装修不受顾客欢迎，而原文中陈述的是refurbishment of the store and in fact that led to the boost in sales；选项D中shareholders expect a quick return on their investments表示股东们想要得到快速的投资回报，在原文中没有提及。
PART FOUR
ZHANG YIN, THE RECYCLING QUEEN
Zhang Yin was born in Guangdong in 1957. She was the eldest of eight siblings and, with no 1 to go into further education, she left school and started working to help support her family. Working as a bookkeeper taught the young Zhang Yin a lot about accounting and she soon 2 herself managing the accounts of a paper trading company. This was a 3 period in her career as it educated her about the paper and packing industry. 4 with her new knowledge and some savings, Zhang, at age 28, set up her own paper business in Hong Kong, China. Zhang had 5 a need for paper-packaging materials in China's export 6 and targeted this market. One of her early 7 was to source good quality scrap paper for industrial use but this 8 to be difficult. In 1990, she moved to Los Angeles and co-founded a new paper-export firm which also became one of the largest exporters to her 9 country. Then as an extremely successful entrepreneur with a growing company, Zhang Yin returned to China in 1995 to 10 her business interests there. With her husband and a younger brother, she created what has become the world's largest manufacturer of paper for packing. Ten years later, the firm was floated on the stock exchange and 11 many previous records. Her achievements have been 12 with various awards and her name regularly appears on lists of wealthy entrepreneurs both in China and abroad. She is considered by many to be the wealthiest 13 woman in the world. And yet, at a time in life when many of us would probably consider retiring and enjoying one's wealth, Zhang Yin still keeps a tight 14 on the business in which she 15 a 72% stake.
1.
A.offering
B.background
C.application
D.opportunity
A B C D
D
[解析] 文中说道：She was the eldest of eight siblings and, with no opportunity to go into further education, she left school and started working to help support her family. (她是家中八个兄弟姐妹中最大的，没有机会接受进一步教育，于是她退学开始工作以挣钱养家。)此句主要是说她家境贫寒，没有机会上学。其他选项A“offering”(邀请)、B“background”(背景)、C“application”(申请)意思都不符合原文，故选D。
2.
A.discovered
B.found
C.worked
D.started
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中说道：Working as a bookkeeper taught the young Zhang Yin a lot about accounting and she soon found herself managing the accounts of a paper trading company. (记账员的工作经历教会年轻的张茵很多会计知识，很快她就管理纸张贸易公司的账目。)这里“find oneself doing something”是一个固定词组，故选B。
3.
A.preparing
B.creating
C.altering
D.defining
A B C D
D
[解析] 文中说道：This was a defining period in her career as it educated her about the paper and packing industry. (这是她职业生涯中一个决定性的时期，因为在这个阶段她学会了纸业和包装业的知识。)这里“a defining period”是一个固定词组，意思是“一个决定性的时期”，故选D。
4.
A.Armed
B.Learnt
C.Acquired
D.Positioned
A B C D
A
[解析] 文中说道：Armed with her new knowledge and a few savings, Yin, at age 28, set up her own paper business in Hong Kong. (张茵带着她的新知识和一些积蓄，28岁时开始在香港创立了自己的纸业公司。)这里“arm with...”是“用……来武装”的意思，故选A。
5.
A.pictured
B.covered
C.identified
D.dominated
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中说道：Yin had identified a need for paper-packaging materials in China's export sector and targeted this market. (张茵发现了中国出口部门对纸品包装材料的需求，并瞄准了这一市场。)这里“identify”是“发现，识别”的意思，故选C。
6.
A.strand
B.division
C.department
D.sector
A B C D
D
[解析] 文中说道：Yin had identified a need for paper-packaging materials in China's export sector and targeted this market. (张茵发现了中国出口部门对纸品包装材料的需求，并瞄准了这一市场。)这里“export sector”是“外贸部门”的意思，故选D。
7.
A.challenges
B.achievements
C.demonstrations
D.performances
A B C D
A
[解析] 文中说道：One of her early challenges was to source good quality scrap paper for industrial use but this proved to be difficult. (她早期的困难之一是寻找质量好的工业用废纸，但这成为一件很难的事。)这里说的是她早期碰到的困难，要用“challenges”，其他选项意思都不对，故选A。
8.
A.turned
B.made
C.proved
D.produced
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中说道：One of her early challenges was to source good quality scrap paper for industrial use but this proved to be difficult. (她早期的困难之一是寻找质量好的工业用废纸，但这成为一件很难的事。)这里有个词组“prove to be”，意思是“成为……”，故选C。
9.
A.former
B.native
C.birth
D.origin
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中说道：In 1990，she moved to Los Angeles and co-founded a new paper-export firm which also became one of the largest exporters to her native country. (1990年她移居到洛杉矶，与人合伙创立一家新的纸品出口公司，使之成为中国之外最大的纸品出口商之一。)这里“native country”是“祖国”的意思，指的是“中国”，故选B。
10.
A.hold
B.complete
C.expand
D.rise
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中说道：Then as an extremely successful entrepreneur with a growing company, Zhang Yin returned to China in 1995 to expand her business interests there. (后来公司不断发展壮大，她作为一个极其成功的企业家于1995年回到中国拓展商业利益。)故选C。
11.
A.matched
B.reached
C.crashed
D.broke
A B C D
D
[解析] 文中说道：Ten years later, the firm was floated on the stock exchange and broke many previous records. (十年后，该公司在证券市场上市，打破了之前的很多纪录。)这里“break records”是固定词组，意思是“打破纪录”。故选D。
12.
A.noticed
B.recognised
C.seen
D.accepted
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中说道：Her achievements have been recognized with various awards and her name regularly appears on lists of wealthy entrepreneurs both in China and abroad. (她的成就获得认可，得到了各种奖项，她的名字出现在中国乃至世界的富豪之列。)这里“be recognized”的意思是“被认可”。故选B。
13.
A.self-made
B.homemade
C.self-kept
D.homegrown
A B C D
A
[解析] 文中说道：She is considered by many to be the wealthiest serf-made woman in the world. (她被很多人看作世界上最富有的白手起家的女富豪。)这里“self-made”的意思是“白手起家的，靠自己努力成功的”。故选A。
14.
A.touch
B.finger
C.palm
D.grip
A B C D
D
[解析] 文中说道：And yet, at a time in life when many of us would probably consider retiring and enjoying one's wealth, Zhang Yin still keeps a tight grip on the business...(然而，尽管很多人可能都会在她这个年龄考虑退休，享受财富，张茵却仍然牢牢控制着公司……)这里“keep a tight grip”的意思是“紧紧抓住，牢牢控制”。故选D。
15.
A.invests
B.allows
C.holds
D.supports
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中说道：Zhang Yin still keeps a tight grip on the business in which she holds a72% stake. (张茵却仍然牢牢控制着公司，因为她持有72％的股份。)这里“hold a stake”的意思是“持有股份”。故选C。
PART FIVE ●In most of the lines (34-45) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct. ●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. ●If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. ●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).
Customer Behaviour
0 The consumer is the focus of all retail business and it is important to appreciate how 00 consumers are influenced in their buying decisions. Most of consumers, before making a 1 purchase, gather information and evaluate with the alternatives, but the extent to which 2 they look for information depends on the type of purchase. For example, in the case of 3 routine grocery purchases most consumers respond to automatically. However, for 4 purchases where the risk of making the wrong decision is greater, like buying a new 5 car, so the search for information is more important. The decision to purchase is never a 6 single decision but a number of these separate decisions, and at any time during this 7 process, consumers can change their minds about and choose an alternative route. For 8 example, although a consumer may have decided where to buy a product only to realize 9 at the last moment that this is, in fact, having the wrong choice. The price in the store may 10 be too high or the staff unhelpful. On the other hand, a lack of queues, favourable credit 11 facilities and efficient staff all lead to a too positive impression, so retailers should 12 remember how difficulties in these areas that can affect a sale or even lose a customer permanently.
[考点] 句子结构。文中like buying a new car为插入语，the search for information is more important为主句与where引导的状语从句构成主从复合句，并非并列结构，因此需将so去掉。此句意为“对于那些存在较大风险因素的购买决定，像买一辆小汽车，对于信息的调研尤为重要。”
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题