Section One Choose from A, B, C or D the ONE that best completes the sentence, and mark your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. And that's not the case with the program ______ now.
A.as it stand
B.as it stands
C.so it stands
D.as standing
A B C D
B
[解析] 目前的这个计划并非如此。as it stands now是一个常用词组,表示目前的情况。当然此题还可以根据句子的语法结构分析出正确的答案,首先可以肯定地排除A项。as it stand肯定是错误的,这里单数第三人称不可能用动词原形,D项也不对,这里没有表示进行时的意思,C项so也不合适,因为这里not…as…有比较的意思在里面。
2. I wonder if you could ______ me a discount of 8% on orders for 1,000 units or above.
A.provide
B.effect
C.allow
D.make
A B C D
C
[解析] 对于一次1000套或者更多的订单,你能给我8%的优惠吗?discount有“打折,优惠”的意思,常用的搭配有make a discount of, offer sb. a discount, allow sb. a discount。注意这里a discount前面有宾语me,所以不能用make a discount of,只能用allow me a discount或者offer me a discount。
3. ______ we would like to close the business with you, we find your bid unacceptable.
4. If the samples don't meet Tom's requirements, he would decline to ______ a large order.
A.place you
B.place
C.make
D.send you
A B C D
B
[解析] 如果样品不能满足汤姆的要求,他不会下大订单。place an order是“订购;下单;发出订单”的意思。decline to有“下降,拒绝”的意思,这里作“拒绝”解。
5. Our end-users here find your price too high and ______ line ______ the prevailing market level.
A.in, for
B.at, through
C.out of, with
D.for, by
A B C D
C
[解析] 我们的消费者认为你的价格太高了,而且和普遍的市场价比,高的过分。Out of line表示超出了正常的范围。
6. I am a ______ for the government. Every department is always asking for more money in their budgets.
A.bean counter
B.general staff
C.formal clerk
D.prime minister
A B C D
A
[解析] 我是政府的会计师,每个部门在各自的预算中总是希望能多要到一些钱。bean counter有“会计师,善于计算的人”等意思,由后面的Every department is always asking for more money in their budgets可知,他是和政府财政预算有关的,因此只有bean counter合适。
7. The discount of 9% agreed upon was granted only ______ no balance was outstanding from previous accounts.
A.depends on
B.in condition that
C.on condition
D.on condition that
A B C D
D
[解析] 此题考查由condition引导的条件状语从句,当后面是从句时一般都用on condition that,当然depend on也可表示条件,但depend on后面只能接名词短语,而不能引导从句。比如depend on your attitude。
8. No discount will be offered ______ you place an order over 10,000 dozen.
13. Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even when ______ in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.
A.gliding
B.cruising
C.piloting
D.patrolling
A B C D
B
[解析] 句意为:卫星通讯是如此先进,以至于即使在太平洋上航行,商人们也可以和他们办公室联系,就如同在隔壁一样。本题的关键是辨析四个动词:A. gliding(飞机等)滑翔,滑行;B. cruising航行,游行,如:a liner cruising around the world(环球航行的轮船);C. piloting驾驶(飞机),为(船舶)引航,驾船;D. patrolling巡逻,巡查。只要清楚这四个动词的意义和区别,即使对这个句子的结构不甚理解,也能根据in the middle of the Pacific这一线索,选出正确的答案B。
14. The court considers a financial ______ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.
Section Two Identify Stylistic Problems Identify the stylistic problem with each of the following sentences by choosing A, B, C or D. Write your correct sentence on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. The ultimate aim is to find an acceptable solution. Such as to convince them to continue the contract and accept the delivered equipment.
2. Rice called Afghanistan an "important test of the credibility of NATO" President Barack Obama made the same claim in late 2009 when he announced his decision.
A.fragment
B.run on
C.comma splice
D.correct
A B C D
B
[解析] A run-on sentence is a sentence in which two or more independent clauses(that is,complete sentences)are joined with no punctuation or conjunction. run-on sentence流水句;溶合句;不间断句子;缺乏连接词或标点符号的长句。很明显这里Rice called Afghanistan an "important test of the credibility of NATO" 和President Barrack Obama made the same claim in late 2009 when he announced his decision之间缺少一定的连接词和标点符号。
3. Add to this the information and Internet revolutions, and you have a series of historical changes that have produced a single global system, far more integrated and faster-moving than ever before.
A.fragment
B.run on
C.comma splice
D.correct
A B C D
A
[解析] 很明显far more integrated and faster-moving than ever before是缺少一定成分的,因为该句的整个主语是you,这里既缺主语,又缺谓语。这里的修改方式可以是去掉前面的逗号,然后再加上which is,使得far more integrated and faster-moving than ever before成为global system的定语从句。
4. There are other cases. The cases are the lessons of the past. They should have been obvious. Sadly they are not learned.
A.comma splice
B.run on
C.choppy
D.correct
A B C D
C
[解析] choppy sentence是指多个简单,不连贯的句子。它书写起来比较简单,但是表现出的思路是不连贯的。这里的四个非常简单的句子放在一起显得杂乱无章,读起来很不顺畅,这四个句子完全可以改写成一个句子,那就是The other lessons of the past which have been obvious are not learned.
5. The consumer activists obviously range from selfish to unselfish, from dishonest to honest, from thoughtless to well-informed.
6. Humans derive about 20% of their protein from animal-based products now, but this may need to drop to just 5% to feed the extra two billion people expected to be alive by 2050, according to research by some of the world's leading water scientists.
7. The International Monetary Fund is irrelevant to this crisis the Group of Seven leading industrial countries lacks legitimacy in a world where China, Brazil and other are big players the Bank for international settlement has no operational role.
A.comma splice
B.run on
C.fragment
D.correct
A B C D
A
[解析] 用逗号连接两个不带关联词或连接词的两个独立句子,英语中称之为“comma splice”,很明显这里的The International Monetary Fund is irrelevant to this crisis和后面的几个句子之间是完全独立的,而这里却硬将他们放在一起。
8. During the Roman Republic around 50 BC, to protect the grain trade, heavy fines were imposed on anyone directly, deliberately, they insidiously stopped supply ships.
A.comma splice
B.correct
C.choppy
D.run on
A B C D
A
[解析] they insidiously stopped supply ships和前面heavy fines were imposed on anyone directly, deliberately是两个独立的句子,这里不能直接用逗号把二者连接起来。
9. Investors believe energy prices will rise. Food prices will also continue to rise. Households have no doubt about this. Other prices and wages will automatically follow suit.
10. In view of the economic development of the country, for the establishment of a commission to prevent practices having adverse effect on competition in the market, to protect the interest of consumers and to ensure freedom of trade carried on by other participants in the markets.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Read the following passage and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
Microsoft and Apple in a Tough New World
There is a smug maxim in Silicon Valley arid the places that imitate it: "To survive, you must destroy your company every x years" (where x varies according to how much the speaker wants to stress the pace of technological change). Sometimes attributed to Intel's former chief executive Andy Grove, it is a maxim more often repeated than observed. But it can be a lovely and startling thing when a large, publicly traded company takes a big bet by replacing its core product. Microsoft's new Windows 8 operating system, which went on sale last Friday, is the most dramatic gamble by a technology company since Intel abandoned the memory market to make semiconductors in the 1980s. Windows is a civilisational tool; there are more than 1bn Windows users around the world but when, after being given a new personal computer by their IT manager or buying a new device for themselves, those users boot up the new OS, they will recognise nothing. Gone is the familiar "Start" button and user interface Microsoft has used since it launched Windows 95, 17 years ago. In its place, users will find a screen of shifting colourful tiles. If they have set up a Microsoft account with Outlook, their email, calendar and contacts will appear automatically; if their Microsoft account is linked to Facebook, the faces of their Facebook friends will begin blinking in a People tile and the photos they have posted will float into a Live tile. To its new users, Windows 8 will seem as personal—and as non-corporate—as their smartphone or tablet computers. That is the whole idea. Windows 8 can be used with a conventional personal computer with a mouse or touchpad, but doing so is confusing. The operating system works best with a touch screen, where users can swipe tiles and icons. To show off the new functionality, Microsoft is selling its first computer, the Surface—a $499 touch screen tablet whose cover is a small keyboard, so that the device can also function as a small laptop. Windows 8 and Surface are elegant and innovative, not qualities one associates with Microsoft's products. They are mostly the work of Steven Sinofsky, president of the company's Windows division, who keeps a much-read blog at MSDN, the Microsoft developer network. There, defending the radical change in the design, he wrote: "The new Windows 8 user experience is no less than a bet on the future of computing, and stakes a claim to Windows' role in that future. " Last week the crush at Microsoft's Times Square store reminded some of the crowds at the launch of an Apple product—which must have been Microsoft's hope. But Mr. Sinofsky's bet also has the logic of desperation. A decade ago there were no competitors to Microsoft's core business of developing and selling "platforms", the software upon which other developers' software must run and with which hardware must work. Today, the web is the platform for most computing and Apple's iOS (the operating system of the iPhone and iPad) and Google's Android are the platforms for mobile devices. The sharp edges between business and consumer computing have melted. Microsoft had no choice but to try something new. It is instructive to compare the launch of Windows 8 and Surface with Apple's most recent release, the iPad mini. There's nothing wrong with the mini : for Tim Cook, Apple's chief executive, it must seem to fill an important niche—the market for tablets that can be held comfortably in one hand, where Amazon's Kindle and devices based on Android now dominate. But there's nothing innovative about Apple's small tablet. It's just more of the same. One cannot imagine the late Steve Jobs, Apple's departed CEO, taking any pride in the thing. It is an interesting historical moment for the two founding companies of the personal computing revolution. Microsoft knows it is slowly dying but declines to accept its fate. Apple, flush with cash, does not yet have to admit that with the death of its tutelary genius, it has lost its way. But secretly, its executives, designers and developers must fear that something is badly wrong. Jobs always said that technology companies began to die when salespeople and bean counters started making the decisions.
1. What does the writer mean by saying "it is a maxim more often repeated than observed"?
A.The maxim functions well in all cases.
B.The maxim does not function at all.
C.The maxim functions more at surface value.
D.The maxim does not work much in reality.
A B C D
C
[解析] 这篇文章主要比较了电子产品的两大巨头,微软公司和苹果公司的新产品。这句话出现在文章第一段,这句话是说这个真理更多地被应验而不是被发现,也就是说这个真理所说的状况在现实中是经常发生的,因此B、D两项错误,而A项中functions well in all cases又太绝对,所以只能选C。
2. "those users boot up the new OS, they will recognize nothing" is closest in meaning to ______.
A.Those who use Windows are generally not good at using computers
B.Apple's OS is so different from Windows
C.Windows is so good that other operating systems can hardly survive
D.Windows has been enjoying a monopolistic position in operating system market
3. According to the author, who is dominating the market for small tablet computers?
A.iPad.
B.iPad mini.
C.Kindle and Android tablets.
D.Nobody. It is a highly competitive market.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题,信息主要集中在倒数第二段。由the market for tablets that can be held comfortably in one hand, where Amazon's Kindle and devices based on Android now dominate, 可知现在小型平板的市场被Kindle和Android所掌控,这也是苹果公司发布iPad mini的原因之一。
4. Which of the following can support the claim that "Microsoft had no choice but to try something new"?
A.Apple is threatening Microsoft's core business of selling "platforms".
B.The differences between business and personal computing are disappearing.
C.Apple and Google are dominating mobile OS market, Microsoft is a latecomer.
5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A.Steve Jobs would be glad to see the launch of iPad mini.
B.Windows 8 and Surface do not inherit the usual Microsoft style.
C.Apple fears that something is going wrong with the Apple now.
D.The future pictures for Apple and Microsoft are gloomy.
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题,由可以知道But there's nothing innovative about Apple's small tablet. It's just more of the same. One cannot, imagine the late Steve Jobs, Apple's departed CEO, taking any pride in the thing, 可知iPad mini并没有什么创新,因此乔布斯是不会对它的发布而感到满意的。
Closing Canada
This month Christian Paradis, Canada's industry minister, said in parliament: "We are pragmatic and welcome foreign investment". He has a funny way of showing it. Shortly before midnight on Friday, Mr. Paradis said he intended to block the $5.3bn takeover of Progress Energy Resources, a Canadian gas producer, by Petronas, Malaysia's national oil company. The decision was misguided, threatening a deal that is good for Progress shareholders and for Canada's industry. Worse than the ruling itself, though, was the arbitrary and opaque process from which it emerged. Since BHP Billiton's $39bn takeover of Potash Corporation was blocked two years ago, international investors have been reassured that the Canadian government would intervene in acquisitions only very rarely. Over the weekend, Mr. Paradis has thrown that assumption into doubt. The repercussions for a country that needs hundreds of billions of dollars to develop its oil and gas reserves could be deeply damaging. The 1985 Industry Canada Act gives ministers the power to block a deal if it is not a "net benefit" to Canada based on a laundry list of possible criteria including corporate governance, state ownership, the effect on employment, exports and R&D, and national security. It is a bad law, allowing the government excessive discretion, but previous ministers have generally had the good sense not to use their powers. Mr. Paradis has broken with that precedent, and said that because of the confidentiality provisions of the act, he could not explain why he had done so. Petronas has proved itself a responsible trading partner and investor, and the objections to it are difficult to understand. If Mr. Paradis is saying that investment from state-controlled companies is now unwelcome, he is shutting Canada off from the rising powers in global energy, from China, Russia, and the Middle East. His ruling next month on Cnooc of China's $15bn bid for Calgary-based Nexen has taken on added significance. The government's most urgent priority, though, is for prime minister Stephen Harper to deliver on his promise of setting out a clear framework for foreign takeovers that will allow investors to predict what deals will be allowed, and show ways to address concerns that might lead to an acquisition being blocked. Until the policy is clarified, it will be understandable if investors believe their money is no longer welcome in Canada.
6. By saying "He has a funny way of showing it", the author means ______.
A.Mr. Paradis is joking about the Canadian law
B.Mr. Paradis is serious about his words before the parliament
C.Mr. Paradis is playing a joke on others before the parliament
D.Mr. Paradis's words before the parliament seems to become sort of a joke
A B C D
D
[解析] 加拿大的这位能源部长虽然口头上说欢迎外国投资,但他扬言要block the $5.3 bn takeover却似乎与他的所说的不一致,而这也引起了人们的普遍担心。与它的行为一比较,就发现他在国会面前的讲话似乎成为了一个笑话。
7. Of the following statements, which is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Canada's industry minister never intended to block the proposed takeover deal.
B.Before this, Canadian Minister of Industry intervened in acquisitions only occasionally.
C.The minister's decision was wise enough, but its process was arbitrary and opaque.
D.The deal is good for the Progress company's shareholders and for Canada's industry.
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题,由第二段中的The decision was misguided, threatening a deal that is good for Progress shareholders and for Canada's industry可知这笔交易既对Progress shareholders有利,也有利于Canada's industry。
8. Which of the following is NOT CORRECT about the "1985 Industry Canada Act"?
A.It gives ministers the power to veto a deal on a variety of conditions.
B.Previous ministers of industry generally did not use this power.
C.Minister Paradis explained the reasons of blocking such a deal convincingly.
D.All of above.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题,信息主要集中在第五、六段。由and said that because of the confidentiality provisions of the act, he could not explain why he had done so, 可知,他并没有解释这样做的原因,这也就引起了更大的怀疑和争议。
9. What is the author's attitude towards the blocking of the proposed takeover deal?
A.Neutral.
B.Negative.
C.Positive.
D.Sarcastic.
A B C D
B
[解析] 这一题考查的是作者对此事的情感态度,从Mr. Paradis has thrown that assumption into doubt, he is shutting Canada off from the rising powers in global energy, from China, Russia, and the Middle East, it will be understandable if investors believe their money is no longer welcome in Canada等可以看出,作者是不支持这一政策的。
10. Which of the following is NOT the advice offered by the editorial to Canadian government?
A.Shut of Canada from other state-controlled foreign companies.
B.Approve Cnooc's $15bn bid next month.
C.Clarify their policy of not welcoming foreign investment and reassure foreign investors.
D.All of above.
A B C D
A
[解析] 由His ruling next month on Cnooc of China's $15 bn bid for Calgary-based Nexen has taken on added significance,可知B项正确,由文章最后一句话可知C项也正确,而Shut of Canada from other state-controlled foreign companies正是作者所担心和不愿发生的,所以A项不是他的建议。
Choose the best from the following sentences marked A to E to complete the article below. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
A Bad Time for Britain to Say "Auf Wiedersehen"
History records that the then prime minister Margaret Thatcher scoffed at British diplomats' self-interested realism. Waving a map delineating past German expansionism, she embarked on a doomed effort to thwart unification. Francois Mitterrand was enlisted but the French president soon changed sides in the face of Helmut Kohl's resolve. Britain found itself marginalised in Washington, where George H. W. Bush backed Mr. Kohl, and unwelcome in Bonn. 11. ______ This is not to say they are good. The relationship between Angela Merkel and David Cameron has turned from lukewarm to distinctly cool. Asked when the two leaders will next meet, one German official remarks: "What's the point?" The eurozone crisis has bred a more assertive Germany—witness its willingness this week to scupper the proposed takeover of BAE Systems by EADS. 12. ______. The rot set in last December when Mr. Cameron tried to veto deeper economic and political eurozone integration. His pitch for special privileges and protections for the City of London was viewed in Berlin as an attempt to unpick the essential fabric of the single market—the EU's cherished "acquis". 13. ______ What's the point of Ms Merkel striking deals in Downing Street if they are cast aside when he feels a need to play to the eurosceptic gallery? Germany recently signed up to a British initiative to freeze the EU budget. Now it finds Mr. Cameron waving a unilateral veto. British ministers are also questioning some of the union's fundamental pillars, including free movement of people. 14. ______ British disengagement from "core" Europe is inevitable. The government has already said it will not join a new banking union. Mr. Cameron is now suggesting a two-tier EU budget so that Westminster can pay less. Were Britain planning to leave the union—and on its present trajectory it is heading in that direction, such complacency might just make sense. But Mr. Cameron insists that EU membership remains vital to the nation's prosperity. Any serious business leader would agree. Britain, albeit mostly by choice, is sliding fast into Europe's second division. Whether a new relationship can be made to work will depend on how many friends it has. 15. ______ The breakdown of the EADS-BAE deal was another reminder, if one were needed, that Britain cannot escape the consequences of decisions taken on the continent. Mr. Cameron has Chosen the wrong moment to bid auf Wiedersehen to a natural ally. Questions A. But the real argument with Britain is about Europe. B. Relations between Britain and Germany are not as bad now as they were then. C. The answer at the moment is precious few. D. Mr. Cameron's indulgence of hardline Tory eurosceptics has cast him as an unreliable partner. E. What does it matter if the Germans are cross?
11.
B
[解析] 这篇文章主要讲的是英国和欧盟,特别是和德国之间的关系。文章第一段讲了历史上英国在撒切尔夫人任首相时,两国关系就非常不好,第二段接着讲两国现在的关系也从微温走向了冷淡,由此可见两国现在的关系要比那时候好一点。再由第二段的第二句话This is not to say they are good, 可以确定这里应填B项。
[解析] 这一空的前面作者提出了一个问题Whether a new relationship can be made to work will depend on how many friends it has. 很明显这里需要对how many这一问题进行回答,在所给的五个句子中,有且只有C项是对how many这一问题的回答。
The following passage has 6 paragraphs NUMBERED 1-6. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list below. Note there are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all. Write the correct number A-H on your ANSWER SHEET. List of Headings A. The effect of government's intervene remains a doubt B. The government took measures to interfere with the market C. The government made policies out of the overall economic consideration D. The reason for the rise of the stockmarket E. How meddling has helped investors F. Government adopted ways depends on different situations G. China's stockmarket saw red again H. Stamp duty plays an important role in share price 16. Paragraph 2 ______ 17. Paragraph 3 ______ 18. Paragraph 4 ______ 19. Paragraph 5 ______ 20. Paragraph 6 ______ 1. Useful indicator of the febrile state of China's stockmarkets for much of last year was the crowd that often packed the Shenyin & Wanguo broker in Shanghai's People's Square watching an electronic bulletin board lit up by the flashes of rapidly rising share prices. Appropriately in China, rising prices are signaled by the colour red, not black, and on April 24th the crowds were back again, alter an absence of many months, watching a screen that was gloriously drenched in the colour of the revolution. 2. The immediate cause of the rally was put down to a minor reduction in a tax on trading, or stamp duty, from 0.3% to 0.1%. But many believed the euphoria stemmed more from a belief that the authorities were finally prepared to prop up share prices. Since the autumn, the benchmark Shanghai-A-share index had fallen by half before the tax was changed. 3. It is not the first time the government has meddled with stamp duty, but after a relatively long period of official inactivity, it came as a welcome surprise. A rise in the tax last May was intended to temper the animal spirits that were turning brokers like Shenyin & Wanguo into heaving gambling dens. At that point, it worked only briefly, and over the summer the authorities introduced several other cooling measures, such as limits on foreign investment and curbs on the introduction of new investment funds, before the market finally peaked. 4. Recently, these measures have been reversed. New mutual funds are being approved, and the quota of shares that foreign investors are allowed to buy has risen to $30 billion from $10 billion. Meanwhile, the supply of shares has been restricted. Large investors in recent public offerings have been told that when lock-ups end on selling the shares, blocks of shares must be privately sold rather than be dumped onto the market. Secondary offerings by companies have been delayed, as have the listings of foreign companies on the Shanghai bourse. 5. It is easy to see why the government may be tempted to intervene. Although the stockmarket's drop has not been economically disastrous, it has undermined the country's efforts to improve efficiency through privatisations. It has also affected the bit of wealth that many poor investors had. 6. Slowly, however, questions are emerging within China about whether the government should be interfering with the markets at all. Caijing, a Beijing-based magazine, has argued that intervention is antithetical to building an efficient market and, given the forces involved, will ultimately be ineffective. The comment, which was hardly radical, provoked a blizzard of news coverage and plenty of angry letters. On the other hand, for many of the unsophisticated and drably dressed punters in Shenyin & Wanguo, a sense that the government still cares about their lot could not have come too soon.
16.
D
[解析] 这一段主要讲的是股票上涨的原因,第一个直接原因是交易税和印花税的降低,第二个精神方面的原因是因为人们相信政府已经准备好来提振股市,所以股民们逐渐恢复了信心。由the immediate cause, 以及stemmed more from等关键词可以看出这里主要讲的是股票上涨的原因。
17.
B
[解析] 这一段主要讲的是政府的一些其他干预措施,由It is not the first time, A rise in the tax last May, the authorities introduced several other cooling measures等可以看出the government took measures to interfere with the market.
18.
F
[解析] 由Recently, these measures have been reversed以及后面讲到的一些新措施可以看出,经济形势改变后,国家又立即出台了一些新的政策。由此可以看出政府是根据不同的经济形势来采取不同的应对措施,即F项所表达的含义。
1. Write a report of 300-350 words in English, comparing and analyzing the US unemployment rate, GDP and output between June and Dec, 2011. Your writing will be assessed for language, format, structure, content and length. Write your report on the ANSWER SHEET. (GDP unit: billion US dollars, Unemployment Rate Unit: percent)
The Relationship Between the US Unemployment Rate and Output
This chart offers us an overall view of the US economy which has undergone dramatical ups and downs during the great crisis which originated exactly from the United States. Before the crisis, the unemployment rate is just about 4%, and the output reaches about 100 billion US dollars, which turns out to be very promising and exciting. However, this promising situation changes quickly when a huge catastrophe sweeps the whole continent. From 2008, the output of the US decreases dramatically, on the contrary, the unemployment rate climbs at an alarming rate. In 2009, the output gets down to its lowest point while the unemployment rate reaches the highest record which turns out to be a totally disaster for both the America and the world. Besides these obvious figures, we can also get the deeper notion that there is a reverse relationship between the output and the unemployment rate. To be more specific, the unemployment rate increases as the output decreases. Thanks to the recovery efforts spared by the US government and US people, the economic situation has taken a turn for the better since the end of 2009. In 2011, the economy continues to improve since the output increases steadily and the unemployment rate enjoys a continuous declination. In the end of 2011, the output outstrips the one before the financial crisis, reaching at 102 billion US dollars. At the same time, the unemployment rate gets to its lowest point after the crisis, lingering around 8%. All these figures indicate that the US economy has regained its vitality and growth momentum from this disastrous crisis which has been repeatedly compared to the Great Depression during the 1930s. Although the output or the GDP has exceeded the pre-crisis one, the unemployment rate still remains high. Also from this chart, we can easily figure that the recovery of the employment is relatively slower than the recovery of the output, as a consequent, the unemployment problem is still an urgent issue hanging over the US government.