Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Part 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them one word is underlined, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Part 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 20 sentences. In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Section 3 Cloze TestIn the following passage, there are 20 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. Below the passage, each blank has 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Maintaining Friendship in Adolescence
Secondary school can be a 1 place for adolescents who don't have a best friend or a group of trusted friends. Young people will be 2 skilled in the art of making genuine friends (and keeping them) if they know 3 to be assertive, and optimistic about life, have some basic social skills and have a relationship with a parent/carer that includes honest talk.
Be assertive, not 4
Being assertive can help young people in not only sticking 5 for themselves, 6 it can also communicate to others a sense of self-assuredness. An assertive way of speaking and being can make young people 7 and more popular with peers.
Assertiveness 8 polite but firm talk, eye contact, and controlled behavior. It's not to be confused with aggression which often takes the form of a raised voice, 9 , put-downs and greedy behaviour.
One way adults can 10 assertiveness in young people is to encourage it in the safe environment of the home. Young people can practice assertive language and behaviour 11 they explain to siblings that their room is not a public thoroughfare, when they defend their fight to use the bathroom by themselves but in a timely way, when they argue they need quiet and time alone to complete homework.
Optimism can lead to success
Grief and tears about friendships are 12 in the secondary school years. At some stage, your child is likely to come home either sullen, withdrawn, crying or 13 . They may even experience school refusal, 14 is when they refuse, or are reluctant about going to school.
An adolescent who has a positive mindset is more 15 to bounce back into the usual routines of friendships. When a young person has a positive mindset, they tend to see setbacks and troubles as 16 . They identify them for what they are (specific, time-related issues) rather than for what they are not (global and eternal).
That is to say, positive kids are more likely to identify a specific and reasoned account of friendship troubles ("Sally was mean to me today because she was in a terrible mood") rather than a global and 17 account ("Sally is mean, she has always hated me").
You can foster a positive mindset in your child by modelling and encouraging positive self-talk in the home. Expect your child to be looking forward to something each day at school. That might be catching 18 with friends, a particular class in school or even an exam or test!
Healthy relationships with adults
Children who have good and healthy relationships with adults are more likely to have good and healthy relationships with their 19 . So, it's important for you to foster a supportive relationship with your child. Try to be an encouraging parent who really listens to your child's concerns. Your child will not expect you to have all the answers.
Adolescence can be tricky to navigate from a parent's perspective. Making and maintaining healthy friendships is just one 20 of the teenage years. Parental role-modelling, encouragement and seeking support from the school can make this aspect of the adolescent years rewarding and fruitful for many years to come.
(选自The Conversation 2019年1月8日)
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