Part A Directions: Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Text 1 Most mothers have a good piece of advice: Never go into a supermarket hungry! If you go shopping for food before lunch time, you'll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isn't enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education on how and how not to buy things at the grocery store. First, you should check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need those things. In others words, don't buy anything just because it's cheaper than usual! "New and Improved!" or" All natural" on the front of a package influences you. Instead, read the list of ingredients (成分) on the back. Third, compare prices; that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand. Another suggestion for consumers is to buy genetic (普通的) items instead of famous brands. Genetic items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because manufacturers don't spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually identical to the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren't very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores. Wise consumers read magazine advertisements and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.
1. In the above passage, the author's main purpose is to ______.
A.suggest consumers to buy generic items instead of famous brands
B.give some pieces of advice to consumers
C.convince readers that the advice of most mothers aren't enough for consumers these days
D.persuade consumers not to believe the advertisements
A B C D
B
[解析] 本文主要是讲作者对于消费者的几点建议。
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the phrase "generic items" in Paragraph 2?
A.Generic items never say "New and Improved" or "All natural".
B.Generic products are usually cheaper than famous brands.
C.Manufacturers spend less money on packaging of generic items.
D.The quality of generic items is usually as good as that of well-known name brands.
A B C D
A
[解析] 在文中第二段关于generic items的论述中并未提及A。
3. The writer thinks that advertisements are ______.
A.believable
B.attractive
C.full of misinformation
D.helpful to consumers
A B C D
D
[解析] 文中作者始终认为广告对消费者是有用的。
4. Which of the following is one of the author's suggestions to consumers?
A.To make use of advertisements.
B.Not to buy items with words like "New and Improved" or "All Natural".
C.To buy high quality items such as famous brands after lunch.
D.To buy any generic items instead of famous brands.
A B C D
A
[解析] 第一段有“First, you should check the weekly newspaper ads”。
5. The author implies that ______.
A.going into a supermarket hungry, you may buy more than you plan to
B.the quality of generic items is usually high and the prices are relatively low
C.discount clothing stores are good places to go to
D.advertisements sometimes don't tell the truth
A B C D
D
[解析] 由文中最后一段可以看出D更符合题意。
Text 2 If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age and how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual on emotional faculties (功能). Contraction of front and side parts— as cells die off— was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in sixty-and seventy-year-old. Matsuzaswa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age— using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed, by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from thinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells needed. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain." he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators."
1. The team of doctors wanted to find out ______.
A.why certain people are aging sooner than others
B.how to make people live longer
C.the size of certain people's brains
D.which people are most intelligent
A B C D
B
[解析] 这是一个细节情境题，根据第二段的内容，可以得知Taiju Matsuzawa教授希望找出“how the process of aging could be slowed down”即怎样方能使人活得更长一些。
2. On what are their research findings based?
A.A survey of farmers in northern Japan.
B.Tests performed on a thousand old people.
C.The study of brain volumes of different people.
D.The latest development of computer technology.
A B C D
C
[解析] 情境题，可从第三段中得知。
3. The doctor's test show that ______.
A.our brains shrink as we grow older
B.sixty- year- olds have better brains than thirty- year- olds
C.the front- section of the brain does not shrink
D.some people's brains have contracted more than other people's
A B C D
D
[解析] 是非判断题，根据倒数第二段第一句的内容可以得知。
4. The word "subjects" in paragraph 4 means ______.
5. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?
A.Lawyers
B.Farmers
C.Clerks
D.Shop assistants
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节推断题，从倒数第二段第一、二句话，可以推断出lawyer衰老最慢。
Part B Directions: Read the texts from a magazine in which five people voice their different opinions in response to an article on the issue of praising. For questions, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A-G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. Erum Nadeem: Your article on happiness lifted my spirits. There is one very interesting aspect to note: the eight steps to happiness listed on pages 32-33 may as well be translations of the values of our cultural tradition. If people would see our values from these aspects, there would be no misunderstanding-only happiness. Sander Tideman: I applaud your special on the science of happiness. However, the issue would have been more complete had it mentioned the idea of viewing economic development policies in the context of "gross national happiness" or GNH. This concept is based on the recognition that gross national product does not accurately reflect the well-being of a nation. GNH is a bold idea with far-reaching effects. Since happiness has a scientific base, it can be developed and promoted on a larger social scale. Paul Aboh: Happiness is a gift, not a commodity. Even the poor have the ability to cultivate and share happiness. We can find pleasure in the small things we often take for granted-a smile, a helping hand, a kiss, a wave, a pat on the back, a glass of water and a promise kept. And when you discover its source, you know it. Sometimes happiness overflows, but it never destroys. Mansoor Malik Happiness is not a product of achievement or wealth or fame. It is the reaction of our mind to the environment. Faith in the values of our long-cherished cultural tradition is a source of well-being. Happiness comes from caring for others and giving whatever we can—help, hope, love, respect, sympathy or just a smile. Peter Fischer At a time when there seem to be so many reasons for being unhappy, I appreciated your special report on happiness. Surely the poorest kids in Africa who are without parents and are often hungry are the ones with the most reasons to be unhappy. What can possibly make them smile? As your article pointed out, however, we cannot wait for enough friends or a lot of money to make us happy. We have an amazing capacity to set ourselves right. Now match the name of each person (36-40)to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.
Statements
A. A rich person is not necessarily happy. B. Things people often overlook may be the very source of happiness. C. Happiness can be promoted on a scientific basis. D. We should mainly rely on ourselves for happiness. E. Happiness lies in giving instead of taking. F. The environment is a source of happiness. G. Happiness can be achieved if we stick to the best of our values.
1. Erum Nadeem
G
2. Sander Tideman
C
3. Paul Aboh
B
4. Mansoor Malik
E
5. Peter Fischer
D
Part C Directions: Read the following text from which five sentences have been removed. Choose from the sentences A-G the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text. There are TWO extra sentences that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. There is a common response to America among foreign writers: The US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliche (陈词滥调). In the land of black and white, people should not be too surprised to find some of the gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone. 1 No class system or government stands in the way. Sadly, this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened. 2 Over the past 25 years, the median US family income has gone up 18 percent. For the top 1 percent, however, it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth. 3 Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California, incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 percent since 1969. 4 This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 percent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 percent of the population, it is the highest percentage in the developed world. Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling, not growing. 5 There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality. A. Now it is 9, 8 times. B. As it does so, the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller. C. There are lots of wealth in American. D. Nobody is poor in the US. E. The top 1 percent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980. F. For upper class families they have risen 41 percent. G. All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
1.
G
[解析] 空格前提到“the American Dream offers a way out to everyone”，后一句则说没有什么会阻碍个人的成功，根据上下文，应该选G。
Part D Directions: Read the following text from which 10 words have been removed. Choose from the words A-O the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text. There are FIVE extra words that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 1 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 2 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 3 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior. Any research that suggests that 4 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 5 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 6 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 7 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture (养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 8 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 9 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 10 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning. A. abilities B. achieve C. appeal D. complaints E. contributions F. displayed G. essentially H. eventually I. extent J. indicates K. proceeds L. psychological M. raised N. smart O. standard
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