Part Two Structure and Written Expression In each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.
1. The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our ______ almost two hours later.
6. The patient is not in good condition, so do not ______ your visit.
A.lengthen
B.delay
C.extend
D.prolong
A B C D
D
[解析] lengthen意为“延长(一般指长度)”；delay意为“延迟”；extend意为“扩充，延伸”；prolong意为“拖延”。本句话意思是：病人的情况不太好，所以不要拖延探望时间。D项符合题意，如： The delegation decided to prolong their visit by one week．(代表团决定把访问延长一个星期)。
7. Violence is just one of the many problems ______ in city life.
A.abundant
B.inherent
C.substantial
D.coherent
A B C D
B
[解析] abundant意为“充裕的”；inherent意为“固有的”；substantial意为“实质的”；coherent意为“一致的”。本句话意思是：暴力只是城市生活许多固有问题的其中之一。B项符合题意，如：Polarity is inherent in a magnet.(极性是磁铁的固有性质)。
8. Trees that ______ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down.
A.block
B.inhibit
C.spoil
D.alter
A B C D
A
[解析] block意为“妨碍”；inhibit意为“抑制”；spoil意为“损坏”；alter意为“改变”。本题中，A项符合题意，如：Recently the professor often has a memory block．(近来教授常常出现记忆不起的情况)。
9. He gave his work to his friend to ______ , because he found it hard to see his own mistakes.
A.adjust
B.compile
C.revise
D.verify
A B C D
C
[解析] adjust意为“调整”；compile意为“编辑”；revise意为“修改，校订”；verify意为“校验，核实”。本句话意思是：他把工作交给他的朋友去修改，因为他发现很难看出自己的错误。C项符合题意，如：He was revising what he had written．(他正在修改他所写的东西)。
10. A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in ______ this system.
A.defining
B.implying
C.reducing
D.perfecting
A B C D
D
[解析] defining意为“定义”；implying意为“暗示”；reducing意为“减少”；perfecting意为“完善”。本句话意思是：完善这个系统。D项符合题意，如：They worked hard to perfect their dance．(他们卖力地使舞蹈更加完美)。
11. Complicated ______ it is, the problem can be solved in only 2 hours with an electronic computer.
A.like
B.as
C.however
D.even if
A B C D
B
[解析] 本题测试的重点为让步状语从句。由as连接的这类从句通常的结构是形容词+as+主语+系动词；有类似用法的关联词还有though和that。如：Young as he is, he has made great achievements in this field． (虽然他很年轻，但在这个领域里却取得了很大成绩。)；Talented though(that)these writers may appear，they actually harm people． (这些作家看上去像才子，实则到处害人。)
12. He promised me a letter; he ought to ______ it days ago.
A.have written
B.write
C.had written
D.be writing
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题测试的重点是情态动词ought to后不定式的时态形式。根据英语语法规则，ought to或 should加不定式原形在时间上相当于动词的现在时；ought to或should加不定式的完成时在时间上相当于动词的过去时或现在完成时。在本句中，时间状语days ago已经决定了句中的谓语动词一定是过去时，即ought to have done something，因此只有A项符合要求，意为“他本该几天前就给我写信了”。
13. Please excuse me if I have left any of my questions ______
17. "What do they eat in Hawaii?" ______ eat rice rather than potatoes."
A.Most of people
B.Most of the people
C.The most of people
D.The most people
A B C D
B
[解析] 从4个选项看，所希望表达的意思是“大多数人”，填在句中的空白处，意为“大多数人喜欢吃米饭而不是土豆”。但从一问一答来看，这里“大多数人”是针对问句中的they而言的，是特指的“他们”中的大多数，只有Most of the people从结构上表达了这个意思。A项的结构错误在于如果泛指，只能用Most people。C项和D项的结构错误在于，如果most只是用于指数量，它是一个不定量的限定词，不能放在定冠词的后面共同修饰名词，如D项所示；如果most用于指程度，它前面可带定冠词共同修饰形容词，构成形容词最高级the most + adj.。
18. It is ______ who decides whether the accused is innocent or guilty.
A.the jury and only jury
B.the jury and only the jury
C.only the jury and jury
D.the jury and the only jury
A B C D
B
[解析] 原句是一个强调句，意思是，“陪审团，也只有陪审团才能决定被起诉的人是否有罪。”此处，“陪审团”应该是特指的，在结构上应为the jury。形容词only修饰一个特指的名词，可以放在定冠词之前，此处，构成only the jury，意为“只有陪审团”；也可以放在定冠词之后，此处，构成the only jury，意为“那惟一的陪审团”。从结构上讲，只有选项B和D符合上述要求；从意义上游，选项B(陪审团，只有陪审团)才符合句义，因为在法律上，只要组织了陪审团，就有资格参与审判，而不论“这个”还是“那个”。
19. Cooked vegetables are also valuable sources of certain vitamins and minerals, if the juice is eaten and if not cooked ______ .
20. Mountain biking demands hill--walking strength as well as track-riding skills. Initially, choose gentle routes among familiar terrain or risk ______ shoulder-carriers!
A.long-term
B.elongated
C.prolonged
D.lengthened
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题后半句的意思是，“要在熟悉的范围内选择比较平缓的路线，否则有可能长时间地用肩扎着自行车。”Shoulder-carriers在这里指“(骑车人成了)扛车的人”。A项long-term用于指“(从现在到将来持续的)很长一段时间”或者“与将来发生的事件有联系”，如：long-term plan，而本句指的是一次性事件，所以不合适。其他3个选项的共同点都是“把……拉长”，但B项elongated仅指在空间上拉长，如：The nose is too much elongated．D项lengthened可以指空间也可以指时间，如： The road could be lengthened．和He lengthened his stay in Beijing．但C项prolonged与 elongated和lengthened不同的是，它指“持续到超过正常的时间限度”或“延长正常的时间限度”，恰好符合本句的意思，因为，在骑车爬山运动中，有时扛车是难免的，但如果选择路线正确，扛车的时间就不会太长，反之，扛车的时间就会延长。
Part Three Reading Comprehension The history of responds to the work of the artist Sandro Botticelli (1444--1510) suggests that widespread appreciation by critics is a relatively recent phenomenon. Writing in 1550, Vasari expressed an unease with Botticelli's work, admitting that the artist fitted awkwardly into his evolutionary scheme of the history of art. Over the next two centuries, academic art historians defamed Botticelli in favor of his fellows Florentine, Michelangelo. Even when anti-academic art historians of the early nineteenth century rejected many of the standards of evaluation adopted by their predecessors, Botticelli's work remained outside of accepted taste, pleasing neither amateur observers nor connoisseurs. (Many of his best paintings, however, remained hidden away in obscure churches and private homes.) The primary reason for Botticelli's unpopularity is not difficult to understand: most observers, up until the mid-nineteenth century, did not consider him to be noteworthy, because his work, for the most part, did not seem to these observers to exhibit the traditional characteristics of fifteenth-century Florentine art. For example, Botticelli rarely employed the technique of strict perspective and, unlike Michelangelo, never used chiaroscuro. Another reason for Botticelli's unpopularity may have been that his attitude toward the style of classical art was very different from that of his contemporaries. Although he was thoroughly exposed to classical art, he showed little interest in borrowing from the classical style. Indeed, it is paradoxical that a painter of large-scale classical subjects adopted a style that was only slightly similar to that of classical art. In any case, when viewers began to examine more closely the relationship of Botticelli's work to the tradition of fifteenth-century Florentine art, his reputation began to grow. Analyses and assessments of Botticelli made between 1850 and 1870 by the artists of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, as well as by the writer Pater (although he, unfortunately, based his assessment on an incorrect analysis of Botticelli's personality), inspired a new appreciation of Botticelli throughout the English-speaking world. Yet Botticelli's work, especially the Sistine frescoes, did not generate worldwide attention until it was finally subjected to a comprehensive and scrupulous analysis by Home in 1908. Home rightly demonstrated that the frescoes shared important features with paintings by other fifteenth-century Florentines--features such as skillful representation of anatomical proportions, and of the human figure in motion. However, Home argued that Botticelli did not treat these qualities as ends in themselves--rather, that he emphasized clear depletion of a story, a unique achievement and one that made the traditional Florentine qualities less central. Because of Home's emphasis crucial to any study of art, the twentieth century has come to appreciate Botticelli's achievements.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for the text'?
A.The Role of Standard Art Analyses and Appraisals.
B.Sandro Botticelli: From Rejection to Appreciation
In the next century we'll be able to alter our DNA radically, encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms. When Dr. Frankenstein made his monster, he wrestled with the moral issue of whether he should allow it to reproduce, "Had I the right, for my oval benefit, to inflict the curse upon everlasting generations?" Will such questions require us to develop new moral philosophies? Probably not. Instead, we'll reach again for a time-tested moral concept, one sometimes called the Golden Rule and which Kant, the millennium's most prudent moralist, conjured up into a categorical imperative: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you; treat each person as an individual rather than as a means to some end. Under this moral precept we should recoil at human cloning, because it inevitably entails using humans as means to other humans' ends and valuing them as copies of others we loved or as collections of body parts, not as individuals in their own right. We should also draw a line, however fuzzy, that would permit using genetic engineering to cure diseases and disabilities but not to change the personal attributes that make someone an individual (IQ, physical appearance, gender and sexuality). The biotech age will also give us more reason to guard our personal privacy. Aldous Huxley in Brave New World, got it wrong: rather than centralizing power in the hands of the state, DNA technology has empowered individuals and families. But the state will have an important role, making sure that no one, including insurance companies, can look at our genetic data without our permission or use it to discriminate against us. Then we can get ready for the breakthroughs that could come at the end of the next century and the tech nology is comparable to mapping our genes: plotting the 10 billion or more neurons of our brain. With that information we might someday be able to create artificial intelligences that think and experience consciousness in ways that are indistinguishable from a human brain. Eventually we might be able to replicate our own minds in a "dry-ware" machine, so that we could live on without the "wet-ware" of a biological brain and body. The 20th century's revolution in infotechnology will thereby merge with the 21st century's revolution in biotechnology. But this is science fiction. Let's turn the page now and get back to real science.
5. Dr. Frankenstein's remarks are mentioned in the text ______
A.to give an episode of the DNA technological breakthroughs.
B.to highlight the importance of a means to some everlasting ends.
C.to show how he created a new form of life a thousand years ago.
D.to introduce the topic of moral philosophies incurred in biotechnology.
Before a big exam, a sound night's sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. one says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then "edited" at night, to flush away what is superfluous. To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of deep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams. Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern--what is referred to as "artificial grammar". Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not. What is more, those with more to learn (i. e. , the "grammar", as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The "editing" theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep. The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.
8. Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to ______
Medical consumerism--like all sorts of consumerism, only more menacingly--is designed to be satisfying. (51) The prolongation of life and the search for perfect health(beauty, youth, happiness) are inherently self-defeating. The law of diminishing returns necessarily applies. You can make higher percentages of people survive into their eighties and nineties. But, as any geriatric ward shows, that is not the same as to confer enduring mobility, awareness and autonomy. (52)Extending life grows medically feasible, but it is often a life deprived of everything, and one exposed to degrading neglect as resources grow over-stretched and politics turn mean. What an ignominious destiny for medicine if its future turned into one of bestowing meager increments of unenjoyed life! It would mirror the fate of athletics, in which disproportionate energies and resources not least medical ones, like illegal steroids--are now invested to shave records by milliseconds. And, it goes without saying; the logical extension of longevism--the "abolition" of death--would not be a solution but only an exacerbation. (53)To air these predicaments is not antimedical spleen--a churlish reprisal against medicine for its victories--but simply to face the growing reality of medical power not exactly without responsibility but with dissolving goals. (54) Hence medicine's finest hour becomes the dawn of its dilemmas. For centuries, medicine as impotent and hence unproblematic. From the Greeks to the Great War, its job was simple: to struggle with lethal diseases and gross disabilities, to ensure live births, and to manage pain. It performed these uncontroversial tasks by and large with meager success. Today, with mission accomplished, medicine's triumphs are dissolving in disorientation. (55) Medicine has led to vastly inflated expectations, which the public has eagerly swallowed. Yet as these expectations grow unlimited, they become unfulfillable. The task facing medicine in the twenty-first century will be to redefine its limits even as it extends its capacities.
11.
The attempt to make life longer and to search for ways of perfect health, including beauty, youth and happiness, is born to cause more problems to health.
12.
With the help of the advanced technology and medicine, it is practicable to extend life span. However, a life gained this way has nothing in its possession and may lead to less and less care if the resources used to extend it are gradually run out of and the policies for it become unkind.
13.
The point-out of the downside effects and unpleasant situation of medicine is not intended to deny the achievements medicines have gained and also it's not an outlet of the antimedicine feeling.
14.
Consequently, medicine has achieved much and even reached the peak, but the peak now turns out to be a difficult situation, in which it faces a choice between two courses, both undesirable.
15.
As a result of the fast development of medicine, people begin to places high hopes on it and want to realize them without much consideration.
Part Four Cloze Test Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word to complete the passage. For most kinds of activities, a large group of people can accomplish more and have more fun than one person alone. For example, politicians, businessmen, workers, and 1 criminals know that they must join organizations in order to be 2 . Since there is usually strength in numbers, labor unions have a more 3 influence on wages and company policy than individual workers 4 .A person may also belong to social clubs and athletic teams 5 he or she can meet other people who are interested in the same activities. 6 you have a hobby, such as playing chess, collecting coins or stamps, or playing a musical instrument, you should join a club which has 7 meetings to talk about your activity; the other 8 will help you learn more about it. of course, a group must be well 9 , or it might be a failure. All the members should work together on projects and choose good leaders to 10 their activities. In this way, the organization will benefit everyone in it.
[解析] 本句意思是：“所有的成员都应一起活动，并选出好的领导来指导或组织他们的活动。”“show their activities展示他们的活动”显然意思不对；introduce their activities和explain their activities和本句意思不符合。
Part Five Proofreading In the following passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, ONE in each numbered and underlined part. You may have to change a word, add a word, or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it with a slash (/) and write the correct word beside it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash (/). (66)A state university president was arrested today and charged with impersonate a police officer became, the authorities say, he pulled over a speeding driver here last month. (67) Using flashing headlights, Richard L. Judd,64,the president of Central Connecticut State University made the driver. Peter Baba,24,of Plainville, pull on Jan. 23, the state police said. (68) He then flashed a gold badge and barked at him for speed, they said. (69)Mr. Judd is New Britain's police commissioner from 1981 to 1989 and from 1993 to 1995. (70) But Detective Harold Gannon of the New Britain police said today that the job involved more policy as police work, and did not include the authority to charge or chide criminals. (71) The gold badge was mere a university award. (72)The governor said he would not ask for a resignation because Mr. Judd had made a "misjudgment" and had written a letter of apologizing. (73) Later, Mr. Judd's lawyer, Paul J. McOuillan, issued a long apology from his superior, whom he described as "the best thing to happen to New Britain. "(74) "My experience and instinct as an E. M. T. and former police commissioner prompted me to involve myself with this matter, "Mr. Judd said in the statement. (75) "In hindsight, I see it was mine to manage."
1.
impersotaate→impersonating charge sb. with doing sth.
2.
(pull) over(on) pull over
3.
speed→speeding speeding
4.
is→was
5.
as→than more...than...
6.
mere→merely merely
7.
apologizing→apology a letter of apology
8.
superior→client
9.
with→in involve oneself in sth
10.
(it was)not(mine)
Part Six Writing
1. A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 250-300 words. B. Your essay should meet the requirements below: (1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning. (2) point out the problem and give your comments.
Let the Crying Water Tap Stop Crying As is depicted in the cartoon entitled A Crying Water Tap, water is continually dripping from the tap, spilled over the ground and wasted. The scene points to a rather thought-provoking problem of resources abuse in the present-day society. Nowadays, some people are unaware of the oncoming fresh water shortage, not only because they believe that such resources come from inexhaustible supplies, but also because they do not place a high value on valuable things at all. Even worse, they hold the same notions towards other precious natural resources than water-electricity, paper, and food, just to name a few. Sad to say, those people never get round to noticing the sad scene depicted in the picture. It seems that they pretend not to belong to the global village or they have misconceptions about nature conservation. Given the painful situation, it is high time that the importance of nature conservation be directed to the public not simply by means of guidance but also by means of law enforcement. Unless such an epidemic is checked, we will run into great troubles in store for us, and even worse, there will not be water dripping out of the tap any more.
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题