Section A Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. A: How about the food I ordered? I've been waiting for nearly twenty minutes. B: Sorry. ______
5. A: Do you want a bit more apple pie, sweetie? B: ______
A.I can really take another helping.
B.Just a trifle, please.
C.All right. How about you?
D.OK, but you shouldn't press any more food on me.
A B C D
B
[解析] trifle意为“少量的，一点点”，B项意思是“只来一点点，谢谢。”故选B项。
Section B Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation, there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. Man: It's your own fault. You shouldn't let anyone in unless you are expecting him. Woman: It's all very well to say that, but someone comes to the door saying "electricity" or "gas" while presenting you a card, and you automatically think he is OK. Question: What does the woman mean?
A.It's her fault to let in the stranger without the slightest suspicion.
B.The man's blame on her isn't fair.
C.She is credulous and ready to believe anything people tell her.
2. Man: I am supposed to meet Jenny this morning. I did write down her address on a sheet of paper, but now it has completely slipped from my mind where I put it. Woman: Don't worry. I will be seeing her at her place soon. Question: What does the woman mean?
A.It is very easy to find Jenny's place.
B.She knows Jenny very well.
C.She can tell the man Jenny's address.
D.She is going to Jenny's home soon, so the man can go with her.
3. Woman: Some people know a lot more than they tell. Man: Unfortunately the reverse is also true. Question: What does the man imply?
A.Some people tend to conceal the truth.
B.Some people are prone to tell lies.
C.Some people are dishonest.
D.Some people tell a lot more than they know.
A B C D
D
[解析] 男士说：“不幸的是，与之相反的也大有人在”，即“有人说得比懂得多”，故选D项。
4. Woman: What a pleasant surprise! Last week we bumped into each other here too! Man: You and I must share the idea that the only way to beat the crowds when you do weekend shopping is to be here at the morning opening hour. Question: What does the man imply?
A.There is a far bigger crowd in the shop on weekdays.
B.You can get bargains when you do shopping at opening hour on weekends.
C.You can avoid the crowd when you do shopping at an earlier hour on weekends.
D.At opening hour on weekends the shop is usually swamped with people.
5. Man: Peter looks very upset recently. Woman: Yes. I think that he has a hard enough job to make ends meet. Question: What does the woman mean?
A.It is very hard for Peter to meet the ends of the job.
B.It is very difficult for Peter to keep away from financial problems.
C.It is not easy for Peter to finish his difficult job.
D.It is not difficult for Peter to complete the job.
A B C D
B
[解析] make ends meet意为“收支相抵”。女士说：“是的，我想他(Peter)正为了收支相抵而拼命工作。”表示Peter正面临着严重的赤字问题，故选B项。
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary
Section A Directions: In this section, there are 10 sentences with one word or phrase underlined. Choose one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. Courageous people think quickly and act without hesitation.
7. Factors leading to the crisis included poor regulation, mismanagement and deception in the industry, and competition from other types of financial firms.
Section B Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1. The most ______students do additional reading to supplement the material in the textbook.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One The world is full of new horrors and there's no place to hide. Who says so? Disaster psychologists, for a start. They are the people who take in the big picture of our collective reactions to human-created disaster, the ways these reactions are caused, and our coping mechanisms. And research into disaster psychology is growing fast. Among the big issues being addressed by these researchers are understanding the terrorists' weapons, assessing the full impact of terrorism—and, crucially, working out which psychological approaches actually work. It's a deeply controversial area. Take the work of Dennis Embry as an example. He argues that we have overlooked the obvious: the purpose of terrorism is to create terror. This works best "if the very symbols of everyday life become conditioned fear and anxiety stimulant". The top targets will be the most symbolic of a nation's daily life, preferably served up for prime-time television. Crashing planes from United and American Airlines into the Twin Towers and the Pentagon met those objectives all too perfectly. After the attacks, people stopped flying. Why? Not because they had made a rational risk assessment but because the mere thought of flying made their palms sweat. From terrorism to rail crashes, counseling and "debriefing" (盘问) are the standard response to help those caught up in disasters. But there are growing doubts about their effectiveness. What might be going wrong? Debriefing focuses on getting people to talk through the trauma (损伤) and its emotional consequences soon after the incident. Could it be that some people are better by distancing themselves from what happened, rather than retelling it? If disaster psychologists want to find better ways to help, they'll have to win the race between our understanding of human psychology and the terrorists'.
1. Disaster psychology refers to the study of how to______.
Passage Two Many Americans harbor a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale, head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, says bluntly that if the dangers from bacterially contaminated chicken were as great as some people believe, "the streets would be littered with people lying here and there." Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food, there is no such thing. Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California, Berkeley, points out that up to 10% of a plant's weight is made up of natural pesticide (杀虫剂). Says he, "Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves, they employ chemical warfare." And many naturally produced chemicals, though occurring in tiny amounts, prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens—a substance that can cause cancer. Mushrooms (蘑菇) might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives (添加剂). Declares Christina Stark, a nutritionist at Cornell University: "We've got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made. Yet the issues are not that simple. While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table, they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety. They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals. If food already contains natural carcinogens, it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones. Though most people will withstand the small amounts of contaminants generally found in food and water, at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink. To make good food and water supplies even better, the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards, stiffen its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies. The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less hazardous alternatives. Perhaps most important, consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to select and cook food properly. The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain, from fields to processing plants to kitchens.
1. What does the author think of the Americans' view of their food?
A.They overlook the risks of the food they eat.
B.They overestimate the hazards of their food.
C.They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.
D.They overstate the government's interference with the food industry.
A B C D
B
[解析] 因为文章第一段中的“grossly distorted and exaggerated view”对应答案项中的 overestimate；the risks对应答案项中的hazards。即，原文中的句子“许多美国人歪曲或夸张地估计了食品给人类带来的潜在危险”，与答案项的内容‘‘(美国人)他们过高地估计食品的危害”几乎等义。故选B项。
2. The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because______.
Passage Three As the global village continues to shrink and cultures collide, it is essential for all of us to become more sensitive, more aware of, and more observant to the body language (motions/gestures) that surround us each day. And as many of us cross over cultural borders, it would be fitting for us to respect, learn, and understand more about the effective and powerful "silent language" of gestures. Without gestures, our world would be static and colorless. The social anthropologists, Edward T. Hall claims 60 percent of all our communication is nonverbal. In that case, how can we possibly communicate with one another without gestures? The world is a giddy montage (蒙太奇) of vivid gestures—the ones used by traffic police, street vendors, expressway drivers, teachers, children on playground and athletes with their exuberant (热情洋溢的) hugging, clenched fists and "high fives". People all over the world use their hands, heads, and bodies to communicate expressively. Gestures and body language communicate as effectively as words—maybe even more effectively. We use gestures daily, almost instinctively, from beckoning to a waiter, or punctuating a business presentation with visual signals to airport ground attendants guiding an airline pilot into the jet-way or a parent using a whole dictionary of gestures to teach a child. Gestures are woven into our social lives. The "vocabulary" of gestures can be at once informative and entertaining…but also dangerous. Gestures can be menacing, warm, instructive, or even sensuous. Bear in mind that some gestures are in general use, but there may always be exceptions. In recent years, Western and contemporary values and ideas have become more popular and have either influenced, altered, and even replaced, some of the more traditional gestures. Understanding human behavior is tricky stuff. No two people behave in precisely the same way. Nor do people from the same culture all perform exactly the same gestures and body language uniformly. For almost any gestures there will probably be a minority within a given nationality who might say, "Well, some might attach that meaning to it, but to me it means…" and then they will provide a different interpretation. In the world of gestures, the best single piece of advice is to remember the two A's—"ask" and be "aware". If you see a motion or gesture that is new or confusing, ask a local person what it signifies. Then, be aware of the many body signs and customs around you.
1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To dramatize the diversity of body language.
B.To emphasize the necessity of an excellent command of body language.
Passage Four American culture has not been immune to cultural influences from outside. The idea of democracy came from the ancient Greeks; the Industrial Revolution started in England; jazz and rock music preserve African rhythms—to pick a few examples. Indeed, many of the things we think of as "100 percent American" came from other cultures. Still, most of the changes in American culture over the last century have come from within, as the result of inventions and discoveries. And change has been dramatic. One hundred years ago the United States was largely a nation of farmers. Many of the things we take for granted today—a high school education, for example, or indoor plumbing—were luxuries then. The moon was a light for lovers, not a site for scientific exploration; genetic engineering (基因工程) was not even a subject for science fiction, much less for laboratory research and corporate investments. The decades following the Second World War, in particular, were characterized by spectacular scientific and technological advances, national self-confidence, optimism, and (for many Americans) prosperity. The American economy was the strongest in the world: more goods were produced and sold, more people were working, and the standard of living was higher than ever before. Polls (民意调查) taken in the 1950's and 1960's show that the average American was preoccupied with the questions "will I make a good living?" "Will I be successful?" and "Will I raise successful, happy children?" Success was defined in terms of maintaining a stable family and "keeping up with the Jones". Most Americans believed that if they played by the rules—if they work hard and did what was expected, if they sacrificed their own needs to those of their family and their employer—they would be rewarded with an ever-increasing standard of living, a devoted spouse, and decent children. An expensive car, a suburban home, and children in college were tangible (可触知的) signs that hard work and self-sacrifice paid off.
1. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A.There is no 100 percent American culture.
B.American culture has never be influenced by other cultures.
C.America borrowed the idea of democracy from the ancient Greeks.
D.Inventions and discoveries caused the changes within American culture.
Passage Five Most parents prize the diversity within their children's public schools. They know that learning to cooperate and excel in a diverse, real-world setting is a key to success in the 21st-century workplace and marketplace. But how "diverse" and "real-world" is a school that does not have any minority teachers? The bad news today is that some 40 percent of America's public schools have no teachers of color. The good news is that we have an opportunity to recruit and encourage more Americans of color to enter the teaching profession. And our success in doing so can have a powerfully positive impact on student achievement. Obviously, a teacher's effectiveness depends, first and foremost, on his or her skills and high expectations, not on the teacher's color. Yet we also know that children of color—40 percent of the student population and rising—benefit in important ways by having some teachers who look like them, who share similar cultural experiences, and who serve as role models demonstrating that education and achievement are things to be respected. Bear in mind that teachers do not teach only facts and "content". They also model appropriate behaviors and teach by personal example. And for many children, the teachers and other adults in their school are the most important authority figures outside of their home. So it is important to expose children to a diverse teaching staff—and to diverse role models—within each of our schools. Where we have an urban school with an all-minority staff or a suburban school with an all-white staff, we are giving students a stunted educational experience. Issues of diversity are especially relevant today, as public schools are redoubling their commitment to raising standards and closing achievement gaps. We need to seize every opportunity to boost the achievement of poor and minority students. I believe—and an impressive body of research confirms—that recruiting and retaining more minority teachers can be crucial to our success. NEA has made it a core strategic priority to increase the recruitment and retention of teachers of diverse backgrounds. Beyond NEA's own programs, we are joining with other organizations to create the National Collaborative on Diversity in the Teacher Workforce. But we can't do it alone. States and school districts need to develop programs to assist teacher's aides—large numbers of whom are minorities—to advance their education and become fully licensed teachers. Other programs can reach out to minorities still in school, offering encouragement and incentives to enter the teaching profession. At the same time, states must ensure that relevant tests do not bar promising minority candidates from entering the profession.
1. In a school______, students will learn how to survive successfully in a competitive society.
Part Ⅳ Cloze Directions: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify 1 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 2 of that parent. The things parents do and say—and the 3 they do and say to them—strongly influence a child's 4 . A parent's actions 5 affect the self image that a child forms 6 identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 7 will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly 8 qualities in their parents will have difficulty 9 positive qualities in themselves. Children may 10 their self image, however, as they become increasingly 11 by peer groups. In the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the 12 of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, 13 , accept the divorce of their patents or a parent's early 14 . But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events 15 a sign of rejection or punishment.
Section A Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. The recorded civilization of India is one of the longest in the course of world history, and its mythology, linked to its religions and to the development of its civilization, spans an even greater length of time. Unlike the mythology of most countries, particularly Western countries, Indian mythology is still a part of the living culture of the people on all levels of society, from the illiterate masses to the educated elite. Indian mythology is truly a living mythology, evolving as a consequence of historical circumstances like dynastic changes, economic conditions, and the resultant social upheavals experienced by the Indian people. In other words, the mythology changes to explain and record actual historical events.
[参考译文] Money is usually defined as medium of exchange. That is, you receive money in exchange for the work you do. In turn, you give it to people in exchange for the things you want, such as food, clothing, or other consumer goods. Many different things have been used as money. In some places, seashells have served as a medium of exchange. However, gold, silver, and copper have been the most popular kinds of money throughout the ages. Coins are still made of silver or copper in most places today. However, most of the world's money is made of paper, which has almost no value in itself.
Part Ⅱ Writing Directions: In this part, you are to write within 30 minutes a composition of 150 words or so about The Ingredients of Success. You should write according to the three-point outline given below. Please remember to write it clearly on the COMPOSITION SHEET.
1. Outline: 1. The first ingredient of success is diligence. 2. The second ingredient of success is devotion. 3. The third ingredient of success is perseverance.
[参考范文] The Ingredients of Success Everyone wishes to be successful in life. To achieve this, three fundamental principles should be borne on mind: diligence, devotion and perseverance. The first ingredient of success is diligence, which simply means no waste of time. Diligence can help us remove ignorance, overcome difficulties, and enlightens our minds. Diligence can make a fool wise, and a poor man rich. If we idle away our time now, our future life will be a failure. The second ingredient of success is devotion which means the concentration of our mind and effort in doing things. Whatever job we are doing, we must love it and do it wholeheartedly. Only when we set our minds on the job, can we do it well. The third ingredient of success is perseverance, or a strong will. If we study or work day after day, there is nothing that can not be achieved. Without a strong will, on the other hand, we are likely to give up when we meet some difficulties. To conclude: all great men achieve success through diligence, devotion and perseverance. Just as the famous English saying goes, "No pains, no gains."
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