银符考试题库-在线练习-翻译二级笔译实务模拟77

翻译二级笔译实务模拟77

Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation

1. This agenda is a plan of action for people, the planet and prosperity. It seeks to strengthen universal peace and larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. We are resolved to free the human race from poverty and heal and protect our planet.We are determined to take bold and trans formative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path. The 17 sustainable development goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new global agenda. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and empowerment for all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development:economic, social and environmental. The goals will stimulate action over the next 15 years in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet.
We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development. Billions of our citizens are denied a life of dignity. There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment is a major concern. Global health threats, frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism, related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades. Natural resource depletion and the adverse impacts of environmental degradation,including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development. The survival of many societies and of the biological support systems of the planet are at risk. The Millennium Development Goals identified some 15 years ago provided an important framework for development, and significant progress has been made in a number of areas.But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, the least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small-island developing states. And some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off track, in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health. We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to the least developed countries and other countries in special situations, inline with relevant support programs. The new agenda builds on the existing Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.

①本议程是为人类、地球与繁荣制订的行动计划。②它还旨在促进世界和平，提高自由水平。③我们认识到，消除一切形式和表现的贫困是世界最大的挑战，也是实现可持续发展必不可少的要求。④我们决心让人类摆脱贫困和匮乏，让地球得到治愈和保护。⑤我们决心大胆采取迫切需要的变革步骤，让世界走上可持续且具有恢复力的道路。⑥我们今天宣布的17个可持续发展目标和169个具体目标展现了这个新全球议程的规模和雄心。⑦这些目标要让所有人享有人权，实现性别平等，增强所有妇女和女童的权能。⑧它们是整体的，不可分割的，并兼顾了可持续发展的三个方面：经济、社会和环境。⑨在今后15年中，这些目标将促使我们在事关人类和地球的重要领域中开展行动。
①我们的会议是在可持续发展面临巨大挑战之际召开的。②我们有无数民众不能有尊严地活着。③国家内和国家间的不平等在增加。④性别不平等仍然是一个重大挑战。⑤失业是一个令人担忧的重要问题。⑥全球性健康威胁不断，自然灾害频发、程度剧烈，冲突不断升级，暴力极端主义、恐怖主义和人道主义危机相继而来，民众被迫流离失所，这种种的问题都有可能使最近数十年取得的大量发展成就功亏一篑。⑦自然资源的枯竭和环境退化产生的不利影响，包括荒漠化、干旱、土地退化、淡水资源缺乏和生物多样性丧失，使人类面临的各种挑战不断增加和日益严重。⑧ 气候变化是当今时代的最大挑战之一，它产生的不利影响削弱了各国实现可持续发展的能力。⑨不少社会及各种地球生物保障系统遭遇生存威胁。⑩《千年发展目标》是在15年前商定的，这些目标为发展确立了一个重要框架，已经在一些重要领域中取得了重大进展。

但是各国的发展进程参差不齐，非洲、最不发达国家、内陆发展中国家和小岛屿发展中国家尤其如此，

一些千年发展目标仍未实现，特别是那些涉及孕产妇、新生儿和儿童健康的目标和涉及生殖健康的目标。

我们承诺全面实现所有千年发展目标，包括尚未实现的目标，特别是根据相关支助方案，重点为最不发达国家和其他特殊处境国家提供更多援助。

新议程巩固、发展了《千年发展目标》，力求完成没有完成的目标，特别是帮助最弱势群体。

[解析] Para. 1 ① This agenda is a plan of action for people, the planet and prosperity. ② It seeks to strengthen universal peace and larger freedom. ③ [难句]We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. ④ We are resolved to free the human race from poverty and heal and protect our planet. ⑤ We are determined to take bold and trans formative steps which are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path. ⑥ The 17 sustainable development goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new global agenda. ⑦ They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and empowerment for all women and girls. ⑧ They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. ⑨ The goals will stimulate action over the next 15 years in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet.
难句理解
We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.
宾语从句 that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions,
is
the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement
for sustainable development.
本句为复合句，主句的主干为主谓宾结构，宾语由that引导的宾语从句充当，指出我们意识到的问题具体是什么。宾语从句为主系表结构，表语是由and连接的并列表语，说明消除贫困的重要性。
采分点分析

采分点一：基本素质

⑥句17 sustainable development goals已有广泛的译法，即“17个可持续发展目标”，由联合国提出，将在“千年发展目标”到期之后继续指导2015—2030年的全球发展工作。

采分点二：选词用词

1．①句plan of action包含英语中常见的“of+名词”结构作后置定语，翻译成中文时可把“of+名词”结构转换成形容词，即“行动的”，并把该形容词前置，作为修饰名词的定语，即译成“形容词+名词”结构，故plan of action可译成“行动计划”。
2．④句free... from... 若直译为“使……自由”，则不太符合中文的表达习惯，故意译为“摆脱”。

采分点三：理解结构

1．③句poverty in all its forms and dimensions是“名词+后置定语”的结构，由于此处定语较短，可直接将其前置译出，即“一切形式和表现的贫困”。由and连接的两个并列表语结构中，第2个表语前省略了系动词is，译成中文时则不可省略，即处理成“是……也是……”的句式，这样更符合巾文表达习惯。
2．⑦句achieve gender equality and empowerment for all women and girls中的achieve后跟了两个宾语，均为名词性结构，若直译为“实现性别平等和所有妇女和女童的权能”，不够通顺，可将empowerment译成动词，将第2个名词性结构独立译成一个动词短语，即“增强所有妇女和女童的权能”。
Para. 2 ① We are meeting at a time of immense challenges to sustainable development. ② Billions of our citizens are denied a life of dignity. ③ There are rising inequalities within and among countries. ④ Gender inequality remains a key challenge. ⑤ Unemployment is a major concern. ⑥ Global health threats, frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism, related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades. ⑦[难句]Natural resource depletion and the adverse impacts of environmental degradation,including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces. ⑧ Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development. ⑨ The survival of many societies and of the biological support systems of the planet are at risk. ⑩ The Millennium Development Goals identified some 15 years ago provided an important framework for development, and significant progress has been made in an umber of areas.

But the progress has been uneven,particularly in Africa, the least developed countries,landlocked developing countries and small-island developing states.

And some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off track, in particular those related to maternal,newborn and child health and to reproductive health.

We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to the least developed countries and other countries in special situations, in line with relevant support programs.

The new agenda build son the existing Millennium Development Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.
难句理解
Natural resource depletion and the adverse impacts of environmental degradation,
including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity
and loss of biodiversity,add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces.
定语从句 challenges which humanity faces.
本句为复合句，主句的主干为Natural resource depletion and the adverse impacts add to and exacerbate the list of challenges。主干的主语包含两个由and连接的并列主语，中间的including...loss of biodiversity是插入语，列举了各种环境问题。主干的宾语包含了which引导的定语从句，修饰challenges，翻译时可先理清句子主干再下笔。
采分点分析

采分点一：基本素质

⑩句The Millennium Development Goals即联合国的《千年发展目标》，旨在将全球贫困水平在2015年之前降低一半。

采分点二：选词用词

1．③句rising在此处为形容词，修饰inequalities，可转换成动词“增加”。
2．⑩句名词性结构the full realization of... 可转化成动词结构“全面实现……”，使得句子更加通顺。in line with... 直译为“与……一致”，这里后面跟的是relevant support programs，因此可灵活译为“根据……”。
3．⑩句reaching的字面意义为“到达”，此处是指“令千年发展目标惠及最弱势群体”，因此意译为“帮助”。

采分点三：理解结构

1．②句... are denied a life of dignity若直译为“被否认有尊严的生活”，则不符合中文的行文习惯，可将被动语态转换为主动，同时采取反译法，处理为“不能有尊严地活着”。
2．⑦句add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces，其中定语从句较短，可直接处理为challenges的前置定语，即“人类面临的各种挑战”。
3．⑩句The Millennium Development Goals... provided an important framework for development, and significant progress has been made in a number of areas，英文中and前后主语不一致，第二个并列成分用了被动语态，翻译成中文时可转化为主动语态，同时与前一个并列成分共用一个主语The Millennium Development Goals，即“这些目标为发展确立了一个重要框架，已经在一些重要领域中取得了重大进展”。

2. Marlene Castro knew the tall blonde woman only as Laurene, her mentor. They met every few weeks in a rough Silicon Valley neighborhood the year that Ms. Castro was applying to college, and they e-mailed often, bonding over conversations about Ms. Castro's difficult childhood. Without Laurene's help, Ms. Castro said, she might not have become the first person in her family to graduate from college.
It was only later, when she was a freshman at University of California, Berkeley, that Ms. Castro read a news article and realized that Laurene was Silicon Valley royalty, the wife of Apple's co-founder, Steven P. Jobs.
"I just became 10 times more appreciative of her humility and how humble she was in working with us in East Palo Alto," Ms. Castro said.
The story, friends and colleagues say, is classic Laurene Powell Jobs. Famous because of her last name and fortune, she has always been private and publicity-averse. Her philanthropic work, especially on education causes like College Track, the college prep organization she helped found and through which she was Ms. Castro's mentor, has been her priority and focus.
Now, less than two years after Mr. Jobs's death, Ms. Powell Jobs is becoming somewhat less private. She has tiptoed into the public sphere, pushing her agenda in education as well as global conservation, nutrition and immigration policy.
"She's been mourning for a year," said Larry Brilliant, who is an old friend of Mr. Jobs. "Her life was about her family and Steve, but she is now emerging as a potent force on the world stage, and this is only the beginning."
But she is doing it her way.
"It's not about getting any public recognition for her giving, it's to help touch and transform individual lives," said Laura Andreessen, a philanthropist and lecturer on philanthropy at Stanford who has been close friends with Ms. Powell Jobs for two decades.
While some people said Ms. Powell Jobs should have started a foundation in Mr. Jobs's name after his death, she did not, nor has she increased her public giving.
Instead, she has redoubled her commitment to Emerson Collective, the organization she formed about a decade ago to make grants and investments in education initiatives and, more recently, other areas.
"In the broadest sense, we want to use our knowledge and our network and our relationships to try to effect the greatest amount of good," Ms. Powell Jobs said in one of a series of interviews with The New York Times.

玛琳·卡斯特罗只知道这位个子高挑的金发女子是她的指导老师劳伦，卡斯特罗女士申请大学那年，她们在硅谷一个很不起眼的居民区每几周就见一次面，她们还经常通过电子邮件交流，谈论卡斯特罗女士的苦涩童年。卡斯特罗女士说，如果没有劳伦的帮助，她可能不会成为家里的第一个大学生。
卡斯特罗女士成为加周大学伯克利分校大一新生后，有一次读一篇新闻报道，才意识到劳伦可是硅谷的“皇族”，是苹果公司联合创始人斯蒂夫·乔布斯的妻子。
“当时我对她的赞赏之情陡增十倍，她为人谦和，在东帕洛阿尔托帮助我们时是那么谦逊，”卡斯特罗女士说道。
很多劳伦的朋友和同事都说这是劳伦·鲍威尔·乔布斯(Laurene Powell Jobs)的真实写照。妇随夫姓“乔布斯”再加上巨额的财富让劳伦成为名人，不过，劳伦一向处事低调，不喜欢抛头露面。她的工作重心是慈善事业，特别是教育慈善。她帮助创办了一个大学预备纽织“大学之路”(College Track)，正是通过这个慈善项目劳伦成为卡斯特罗女士的指导老师。
乔布斯辞世还不到两年，鲍威尔·乔布斯女士开始逐渐告别低调的处事方式，悄然进入公众视野，推动她的教育慈善事业以及全球环保、营养和移民政策的实施。
“一年以来她一直在悼念丈夫，”乔布斯的老友拉里·布里安特说道，“乔布斯去世前她的生活重心就是相夫教子，但是现在她正成为世界舞台上一支颇具影响力的力量，而这才刚刚开始。”
不过，劳伦还是坚持自己的处事风格。
“劳伦做慈善不为功名，而是想触动并改变很多人的人生，”劳拉·安德森说道。劳拉·安德森是一名慈善家，在斯坦福大学讲授慈善学课程，也是鲍威尔·乔布斯女士相识二十年的好朋友。
有些人认为鲍威尔·乔布斯女士在乔布斯去世后应该以乔布斯的名字建立一个基金会，但是她并没有这样做，也没有增加慈善捐款。
不过，鲍威尔·乔布斯女士加大了对爱默生集体(Emerson Collective)的捐助力度。爱默生集体是一个慈善组织，由鲍威尔·乔布斯女士十年前成立，主要是为学生提供助学金并投资于教育项目，最近，该慈善组织也开始涉足其他领域。
“总而言之，我们想利用我们的知识、网络和人脉关系实现公益最大化，”鲍威尔·乔布斯女士在接受《纽约时报》系列采访时如是说。

Section Ⅱ Chinese-English Translation

1. 矿产资源是地壳和地表经地质作用形成的自然富集体，在当今经济技术条件下具有开发利用价值的，呈固态、液态和气态产出的自然资源。
中国已成为世界上少见的矿产资源总量丰富、矿种比较齐全、配套程度较高的国家之一。中国已经发现矿产171种，其中探明有储量的矿产157种，我国已探明的矿产资源总量较大，约占世界总量的12%，但我国人均资源占有量占世界人均的58%，名列第53位。目前，我国92%以上的一次能源，80%的工业原材料，70%以上的农业生产资料，30%以上的农业灌溉用水和32%的生活用水均来自矿产资源。
矿产资源是人类生存和社会发展的重要物质基础，加快矿产资源的开发利用，发挥矿产资源勘探的潜力作用。

Mineral resources are natural formations as a result of geological processes of the earth's crust and surface. These natural resources, which come in solid, liquid and gas forms, are financially exploitable with current economic strength and technological sophistication.
China is among just a few countries in the world that boast an enormous wealth of mineral resources, a wide array of minerals and high supporting capabilities. China has established proven reserves for 157 minerals out of 171 already discovered in the country. China's proven mineral deposits make up 12% of the world's total, but China's per capita share is equal to only 58% of the world's average level, ranking 53rd among all countries. Currently, mineral resources contribute 92% of primary energy sources, 80% of industrial raw materials, over 70% of agricultural production factors, over 30% of water for agricultural use and 32% of water for domestic use.
Mineral resources are an essential physical foundation for/are essential to human survival and social development. Going forward, mineral resources will be exploited at a faster pace so that we can tap their huge potential to sustain economic growth.

2. 1882年中国第一盏电灯在上海点亮，这使得中国逐渐告别了油灯和蜡烛照明的历史，当时使用的电灯就是白炽灯，这一用就是130年，中国也成为白炽灯的生产和消费大国。
早在1996年，中国就启动实施了“绿色照明工程”，中国绿色照明工程的实施，推动了照明电器行业结构的优化升级和产品质量的整体提升，经过多年努力，中国节能灯产品质量水平日益提高，一些企业产品质量和工艺水平已达到世界领先水平。高效照明产品及技术的日益成熟为逐步淘汰白炽灯提供了重要保障。
中国节能灯的全球市场占有率由1996年的20%提高到2010年的85%。

In 1882, China's first-ever electric light made its debut in Shanghai, heralding/ushering in a new era when kerosene lamps and illuminating candles as light sources were phased out/were made a thing of the past/were consigned to history. Back then, the one and only electric light source available in China was the incandescent lamp, a device that has been prevalent/dominant in China's illumination space/scene/field for 130 years. As such, China has emerged as a leading producer and consumer of incandescents in the world.
The "green lighting" campaign launched back in 1996 has upgraded the mix of China's lighting industry and the overall quality of lighting products. Thanks to years of strong commitments, energy-saving/energy-efficient lamps made in China have moved up the value chain in both quality and workmanship, with some ranking among the best in the world. The ever-improving products and technologies for energy-efficient lighting have made it possible to phase out energy-intensive incandescents in the country./put an end to ...
In 2010, 85% of energy-saving lamps available on the global market were made in China, as against merely 20% back in 1996.

Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation

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Section Ⅱ Chinese-English Translation

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深色：已答题浅色：未答题