Section Ⅰ Listening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are TWO parts in this section, Part A and Part B. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should .first put clown your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 3 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer--A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE. Now look at Question 1.
A.To change the tennis shoes in the sportwear department.
B.To help his friend find the right department.
C.To find his tennis shoes on the tennis court.
D.To buy himself a pair of tennis shoes.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] M: Could you please tell me where I can find tennis shoes? W: Yes. You can get them in the sportswear department to the right side of the store.
2. What does the man suggest?
A.Arrive early.
B.Take a ship.
C.Look for the package.
D.Use airmail.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] W: I sent the package over ten days ago and it still hasn't arrived. M: Maybe you should send the next one by air.
3. What do we know about the woman from this conversation?
A.She has to change the time for the trip.
B.She hasn't decided where to go next month.
C.She can't afford the time for the trip.
D.She will manage to leave this month.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] M: You're going to make a trip to San Francisco, aren't you? W: Yes. But I haven't got the plane ticket yet. I'm thinking of postponing the trip to next month since this is the busiest month for the airlines.
4. Why does the woman want to move?
A.The apartment is better furnished.
B.She prefers to live in a quiet place.
C.It's less expensive to live in an apartment.
D.She finds her roommates difficult to get along with.
A B C D
D
[听力原文] M: I hear you are moving to an apartment. Can you tell me why? W: Actually, I didn't want to move. It is more expensive to live outside the college. But I just can't bear the noise made by the people living next door.
5. Why doesn't the woman accept the chocolate?
A.Because of her stomachache.
B.Because she doesn't like it.
C.Because of her teeth problem.
D.Because she never eats chocolate before.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] M: Would you like some chocolate? W: No, thank you. I can't touch anything very sweet because of my teeth.
8. Where did the conversation most probably take place?
A.In a library.
B.In a hotel.
C.In a hospital.
D.In an elevator.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] M: Excuse me, I'm looking for the emergency room. I thought that it was on the first floor. W: This is the basement. Take the elevator one flight up and turn left.
[听力原文] W: Hello, I'm calling about the apartment you advertised. Could you tell me more about it? M: Well, there are three rooms and a bath.
[精解] 题干问：“女士为什么打电话?”根据Could you tell me more about it?判断答案为A。
Part B You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following dialogue about winter plants.
D.She believes in the air-cleaning function of plants.
A B C D
D
[听力原文]11-13 M: Hi, Miss. Freezing cold, isn't it? What can I do for you? W: I'd like some plants that can keep the earth fresh. M: Especially in this cold season when you can't keep die window open, isn't it? W: Absolutely. And something that's easy to care for and not expensive. M: OK, Miss. Our shop won't disappoint you. Look at these plants. They've just come in and I bet you like one of them. This is a corn plant. The tall tree can grow more than six feet and it doesn't need any water or light. W: Quite striking, isn't it? What's that? M: A palm. It adds a tropical touch to your room. The leaves are perfect for cleaning your air. It has a long life and it's easy to care for. W: Oh, this lovely small plant has beautiful white flower. What do you call it? M: Peace lily. Even the flower isn't blooming, its dense leaves look great. W: Perfect. It's just what I want. M: Won't you have a look at Janet Craig and Mother - in - Law's Tongue? And they're just as good. M: No, thanks. The peace lily is OK. The more I see, the less certain I become, you know.
2. Which of the following plants can add a tropical touch to a room?
A.Palm.
B.Peace Lily
C.Corn Plant.
D.Janet Craig.
A B C D
A
3. Which of the following plants will the woman probably buy in the end?
A.Corn Plant.
B.Janet Craig.
C.Peace Lily.
D.Mother-in-Law's Tongue.
A B C D
C
Questions 14-18 are based on the talk you've just heard.
4. What's the Gwen's purposes in talking to Jackit ?
A.Badly built.
B.Very dirty.
C.In disorder.
D.Very clean.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] 16-20 Jackit: Will you come round the back, please? The front door's blocked at the moment. Gwen. Hello, I'm Gwen Jenkins. I live two doors down at Number 111. Jackit: Oh, I'm sorry. I didn't recognise you. We only moved in a month ago, so we're no really familiar with many faces around here yet. I'm Jackie Price, by the way. We're in the middle of house alterations. It's going to take longer than we thought. I don' t know when we'll finish it all. Gwen: Well actually, that's what I've come to talk to you about. Jackit: Oh, I see. Shall we go inside then? Please excuse the mess! I'll just turn the TV off. I've been watching that women's keep-fit programme on BBC 1. I've been doing the exercises to music so now I think I'll have a rest! Gwen: I'm afraid I've come to complain. Jackit: Oh, dear. Was the programme on too loud? I've had the windows open to try to get rid of the dust. I'll close them if you like. Gwen: No, it's not that. It's the crashing and banging. The baby can't sleep, my teenage daughter can't hear her records and my nerves are getting bad. My husband's a bit deaf so the noise doesn't bother him much, though I think we'll all be deaf soon if it goes on. Jackit: Oh, I'm sorry about the noise. We're knocking down a wall to enlarge the kitchen. They're so tiny in these houses and we need a more spacious kitchen to eat in. I only wish you'd mentioned it before. As the house next door is empty we didn't think we were disturbing anyone.
5. Jackie has been watching a TV programme about ______.
A.women
B.music
C.exercising
D.entertainment
A B C D
C
6. What does Gwen thinking of the noise?
A.Have a chat about house alterations.
B.Complain about the noise of the TV.
C.Complain about the noise of building work,
D.Praise TV.
A B C D
C
7. What's the Gwen's purposes in talking to Jackit?
A.Disturbing the whole family.
B.Disturbing herself and the children.
C.Making her husband deaf.
D.Disturbing nobody.
A B C D
A
8. What are Jackit and her husband busy with?
A.Making the kitchen bigger.
B.Knocking down a garden wall,
C.Building a new kitchen.
D.Making the kitchen smaller.
A B C D
A
Questions 19-22 are based on a conversation you are going to hear.
B.They are going on a camping trip together with geography class.
C.They both have geography as their major course of study.
D.They both enjoy painting landscapes.
A B C D
A
[听力原文] 14-17 W: Welcome back! I didn't see you in math class on Friday. M: I wasn't here on Friday. My geography class went on a field trip to look at some of the different rock formations here in California. Our last stop was Death Valley. In fact, we camped there last night. W: Death Valley! But that's desert! Wasn't it much too hot for camping? M: No, not really. It gets hot during the day, but it cools off very quickly at night. There's no moisture in the air to hold the heat after the sun goes down. If it were humid, it would stay hot all night. W: Well, did you enjoy the trip? M: It was fascinating. The desert is nicer than you might think. Since there is so little vegetation growing, it's very easy to see different kinds of rocks.
10. What was the woman doing on Friday?
A.Preparing for the calculus exam.
B.Viewing an art exhibit.
C.Participating in a special class activity.
D.Packing for her vacation.
A B C D
C
11. What had the man assumed about Death Valley?
A.It was too far away to visit over the weekend.
B.It would be too hot for camping.
C.It would be crowded with tourists.
D.It would be a nice place to go camping.
A B C D
B
12. Why does the woman think that the desert is a good place to visit?
A.Rock formations are clearly visible.
B.The campgrounds are excellent.
C.There are very few people there.
D.The rocks aren't as erode as in other places.
A B C D
A
Questions 23 to 26 are based on a conversation between two friends.
A.His company wants him to stay in New York for another half year.
B.His wife is involved in an important project.
C.His company wants him to move to an apartment.
D.He could save money in the long run.
A B C D
C
[听力原文] 19-22 M: Hey, guess what? My company wants me to stay in New York for another half year. W: That's good news ! M: Well, it's good news and bad news. W: Let me hear the bad news first. M: My wife is involved in an important project right now in her company, so she can't come to stay with me. W: Ah, that is the bad news. M: The good news is that my company wants me to move out of my hotel and get an apartment. They figure it'll probably save money in the long run. W: Good deal. Your place is too small and you're always complaining about the noisy environment. M: Yes, but now I have to start looking for a new place. W: Hmm. If it's just for half a year, you'd better sublet. M: What's that? W: It means renting a place from people who are themselves renting from others. Usually it's because they are going away to another city or country and don't live in the place for a short period. One thing good is that you get a place that is already furnished. This saves your money. You don't have to buy furniture.
14. What's the problem with the man's place now?
A.It's too expensive.
B.It's in a hotel.
C.His wife can't come here to stay with him.
D.It's not big enough and noisy.
A B C D
D
15. What does "sublet" mean?
A.It means renting a place from other people.
B.It means renting a place from people who rents the place.
C.It means renting a place for a short period.
D.It means renting a place from people who is away to other places.
A B C D
B
16. Why does the woman advise the man the sublet?
A.Because it's convenient.
B.Because the man doesn't need to spend money on furniture.
C.Because the company can save money in the long run.
D.Because the company doesn't have to buy furniture for the man.
A B C D
B
Section Ⅱ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Text What follows are 1 on writing a functional resume that will get read—a resume that makes you come 2 and look interesting to 3 . … Never apologize: If you' re returning to the work 4 after fifteen years as a parent, 5 write a short paragraph (summary of background) 6 a chronology of experience. Don' t apologize for working at 7 a mother: it' s the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or higher education, just don' t 8 education. How to psych yourself up: The secret is to think about the 9 before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off not necessarily 10 , and simply write down every accomplishment in your life on or 11 the job. That made you feel effective. Don' t worry at first 12 what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give names to your 13 of accomplishments (leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills, etc. ). Try to list at least three accomplishments 14 the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four 15 or more, and several weeks, before you' re ready to show it to a 16 (friends are usually too kind) for a reaction. When you' re satisfied, send it to a printer; a 17 resume is far 18 to photocopies. It shows an employer that you 19 job hunting as 20 work.
Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Text 1 When a 13-year-old Virginia girl started sneezing, her parents thought it was merely a cold. But when the sneezes continued for hours, they called in a doctor. Nearly two months later the girl was still sneezing, thousands of times a day, and her case had attracted worldwide attention. Hundreds of suggestions, ranging from "put a clothes pin on her nose" to "have her stand on her head" poured in. But nothing did any good. Finally, she was taken to Johns Hopkins Hospital where Dr. Leo Kanner, one of the world's top authorities on sneezing, solved the baffling (难以理解的) problem with great speed. He used neither drugs nor surgery, curiously enough, the clue for the treatment was found in an ancient superstition about the amazing bodily reaction we call the sneeze. It was all in her mind, he said, a view which Aristotle, some 3,000 years earlier, would have agreed with heartily. Dr. Kanner simply gave a modem psychological interpretation to the ancient belief that too much sneezing was an indication that the spirit was troubled; and he began to treat the girl accordingly. "Less than two days in a hospital room, a plan for better scholastic and vocational adjustment, and reassurance about her unreasonable fear of tuberculosis quickly changed her from a sneezer to an ex-sneezer," he reported. Sneezing has always been a subject of wonder, awe and puzzlement. Dr. Kanner has collected thousands of superstitions concerning it. The most universal one is the custom of begging for the blessing of God when a person sneezes—a practice Dr. Kanner traces back to the ancient belief that a sneeze was an indication that the sneezer was possessed of an evil spirit. Strangely, people over the world still continue the custom with the traditional, "God bless you" or its equivalent. When scientists look at the sneeze, they see a remarkable mechanism which, without any conscious help from you, takes on a job that has to be done. When you need to sneeze you sneeze, this being nature's clever way of getting rid of an annoying object from the nose. The object may be just some dust in the nose which nature is striving to remove.
1. The girl sneezed continuously because she______.
5. According to scientists ,people sneeze because______.
A.they are ill
B.to sneeze is human nature
C.they do not need any conscious help
D.there are unwanted things in their noses
A B C D
B
[解析] 从When you need to sneeze you sneeze，this being nature' s clever way of getting rid of all annoying object from the nose．The object may be just some dust in the nose which nature is striving to remove.可知。此题考查对段落文意的理解。在最后一段中“nature”作为关键词，是判断本题的重要依据。
Text 2 From her wheelchair, a child raises rounded arms above her head to form a blossoming flower. Nearby, a blind boy gently waves a flowing scarf as his body sways back and forth. Welcome to Infinite Dreams, a southern California program that each year helps more than 1,000 children with disabilities learn ballet, jazz, and other forms of movement. For founder Zina Bethune, a professional dancer and actress who works with a team of six instructors, this is a deeply felt mission. "I've walked a very fine line between the abled and disabled worlds all' my life," says Bethune, a former soloist with the New York City Ballet who starred on Broadway in Tommy Tune's production of Grand Hotel. Born and raised in New York City, Bethune, 47, started formal ballet training at age 6 with legendary choreographer George Balanchine. But during adolescence, a host of medical problems mined her chances of becoming a prima ballerina. But she ignored them and her pain and continued to dance. Faced with all sorts of difficulties, she never gave up. By the time she was 34, Bethune had went gone two hip replacements. Bethune, who has been married for 18 years to a former dancer, started Infinite Dreams in southern California in 1983. "Dance is spiritual," she says. "And these children's spirits are not disabled." Funded through grants and private donations, the group offers hour-long weekly sessions in schools and performs at arts festivals throughout the year. "Participation, not perfection, is emphasized," notes Bethune, who is currently trying to make her program available nationally. Adjustments to the dance steps are made as needed. Russell Bartel, 14, a star student with spina bifida and little feeling in his lower legs, pirouettes not by turning on his toes but by spinning on his back. "What we try to make clear," Bethune says, "is that their individual version of any step is valid. That's their dance." From that understanding often springs a newfound sense of confidence. "I can do a lot more than I ever thought I could." Bartel says. "It makes me feel great."
1. What kind of organization is Infinite Dreams?
A.A dancing club in southern California.
B.A program to realize the art dreams for disabled children.
C.A proposal to perform arts for disabled children.
D.A team of professional dancers and actresses.
A B C D
B
考查细节。原文的第一段就出现了Infinite Dreams这样的一个组织的名称，结合文章的意思，这个机构是为了身体有残障的儿童组织的，使得这些儿童也能得到艺术的教育和艺术表演的机会，所以B项正确的表达了这样的意思；其他选项都是在原文零散信息点的基础上编造的，它们和原文的对应关系分别是，A项对应 southern California；C项对应disabled children，但应该是残障儿童来表演，而不是表演给它们看；D项对应professional dancers and actresses，但这是创办者的身份，而不是这个组织的成员。
2. What do we know about Bethune from the passage?
A.She was born and raised in New York City and never left ever since.
B.She was 34 when she started the program called Infinite Dreams.
C.She was trained at a very early age, and the training and practice last long.
D.She went through a host of medical problems at the age 6.
A B C D
C
考查细节。文章中连续出现数字的时候，考生需要注意，很有可能在这些地方设置题目，因为数字多，可以为干扰选项的设计提供很好的素材；A项错在“never left ever since”，在原文中，Bethune创办Infinite Dreams的时候是在southern California，绝对化描述在干扰选项中的高频出现值得我们的关注；B项提到34岁这个年龄，原文中34岁是用来描述在此之前她经历了两次手术，是否在这一年创办 Infinite Dreams在原文中没有相关的信息，我们无法判断；C项是正确的，需要结合文章中她开始接受训练的时间和之后的坚持两个信息点来作出判断；D项把她经历一系列疾病和6岁这两个信息点之间进行了组合，这种关系是虚构出来的，这样的选项也是应该排除的。
3. Which is NOT true about the Infinite Dreams?
A.It is open on weekdays every day, and all through the year.
B.It got the financial support from individuals and grants.
C.It was started by Bethune, who has been married for 18.
Text 3 One of the earliest changes experienced by newly modernizing countries is the reduction of infectious disease through the diffusion of public health technology. Public health technology lowers the death rate, especially among infants and children, causing rapid population growth. Since most of the people of less developed nations live in rural areas that cannot absorb the increased population, unemployment presses people off the land. They tend to migrate into urban areas where newly developing industry and commerce and modern consumer goods and services offer hope for employment and a better life. Unfortunately, the opportunities are more apparent than real; and often the transition is more painful than pleasant. In the courses of the transition from agrarian life to modern urban living, the family undergoes major changes in function, structure, relations, and style. Functionally the family changes from a production unit to a consumption unit. No longer is there need for a large multi-worker household to operate the family's farm interests, and the extended family household changes to the one containing only a core nuclear family. In the city children become economic liabilities rather than economic assets, and eventually families have fewer of them. Wives lose their functions as producers and maintainers of the labor force and become free to pursue extra household activities. The modern economy forces work outside the home away from kinfolk. Not only the father but also the mother is forced into the marketplace or factory to obtain enough money for the family to survive in a pecuniary economy. Without the extended family household, no one remains at home to supervise children, so they are left on their own. They may be sent into the streets to earn money. Daily life becomes filled with more secondary than primary relations. There is an erosion of family control over individual members. Scarce urban housing forces overcrowding in both dwelling and neighborhood. Dense structures with common halls, stairways, and utilities cause more intensive contact with neighbors than in rural villages. Loss of rural courtyards, over rooms, and large family areas drives group activities such as cooking, eating, and sitting into small rooms or city streets. More positively, household furnishings change as families are able to acquire the high-status accoutrements of modern living such as kerosene burners for cooking ( replacing dung cakes) and beds (instead of mats).
1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.The spread of public health technology reduced infectious disease.
B.The reduction of infectious disease lowered the birthrate.
C.The lower death rate encouraged the population to grow faster.
D.The larger population created greater employment pressure.
Part B Directions: Read the texts from a magazine article in which five business leaders talked about their predictions for high-tech developments in the 21st century. For questions 62 to 66, match the name of each person (62 to 66) to one of the statements ( A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Glynis Davis: I first piled on the pounds when I was pregnant and I couldn't lose them afterwards. Then I joined a slimming club. My target was 10 stone and I lost 2 stone 21bs in six months. I felt great and people kept saying how good I looked. But Christmas came and I started to slip back into my old eating habits. I told myself I'd lose the weight at slimming classes in the new year, but it didn't happen. Instead of losing the pounds, I put them on. I'd lost the willpower and tried to convince myself that the odd bag of crisps didn't make any difference—but the scales don't lie. Roz Juma: To be honest, I never weigh myself any more—I've learned to be happy with myself. It seemed ridiculous to feel guilty about every morsel that passed my lips. My philosophy is simple: You shouldn't be preoccupied with food and dieting. Instead, you should get on with life and stop dreaming about a super-thin body. This is obviously the size I'm meant to be and, most of all, I'm happy with it. Lesley Godwin: I was very happy after winning Young Slimmer of the Year. I'd look in the mirror unable to believe this slim creature was me. That might have been my problem—perhaps I didn't relate to my reflection any more. Winning a national competition makes everything worse, though, because you feel the eyes of the world are on you. I feel a failure because I've put on weight again... I find it humiliating and embarrassing. Ros Langford: Before moving in with my husband Gavin, I'd always been about 8 stone, but domestic bliss went straight to my waist and I put on 2 stone in a year. Every so often I try to go on a diet... I'm really good for a few days, then end up eating the children's leftovers or gorging on chocolate—my weakness. I'd like to be slim, but right now my priorities are the children and home. I may be more motivated when the kids are older. Julia Minifie: I'm a compulsive eater. I can't control my urges and I really love cakes. When I'm slim I feel like a million dollars—and when I'm not I get very depressed. Over the years I'd tried and failed with just about every diet. I was determined I'd never put the weight back on, but at some stage along the line I lost my resolution, and it started to creep on again... Certainly I will face the same problem in the future. Now match each of the women (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. [A] I put on weight after I got married. [B] The heavier the merrier. [C] Facts speak louder than words. [D] I like myself as I am. [E] I'm constantly at war with my weight. [F] Fame doesn't necessarily mean success. [G] I think I'll be slim again.
1. Glynis Davis
C
这一段的大意是：“怀孕使我增加了体重，参加减肥俱乐部后我减去了一些 重量，但之后的圣诞节，我又回到了我以前的饮食习惯，体重不断增加。现在我已经失去了意志力，虽然我告诉自己多吃一袋马铃薯片对体重不会有什么影响——但秤是不会说谎的”。选项[A]I put on weight after I got marled(我在婚后增加了体重)的错误在于Glynis并没有提到她是否已结婚；选项[B]The heavier, the merrier(越胖越高兴)和[D]I like myself as I am(我很满意我现在的状况)的错误在于Giynis对自己的状况并不满意；选项[C]Facts speak louder than words (事实胜于言语)与该陈述段是相符的，因为虽然Giynis告诉自己多吃一袋马铃 薯片对体重不会有什么影响，但秤会诚实地显示她是否又增加了体重，所以[C] 为正确项。[E]I'm constantly at war with my weight(我与我的体重不停地作战)和 [G]I think I'll be slim again(我想我还会变得苗条的)的错误在于Glynis已失去继续减肥的意志力。[F]Fame doesn't necessarily mean success((成名并不意味着成功) 在该段陈述中没有任何依据。
Section Ⅳ Writing Directions: You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Part A
1. You have read the job advertisement below in a newspaper and you want to apply for the job. Write a letter of application to the manager of the company, Mr. Meed, giving all the necessary personal information. You should write approximately 100 words. Secretary Needed · Knowledge of English essential. · College graduate. Age 20-30. · At least 3 years' experience. · Friendly personality. · Salary negotiable. Write to:Mr. Meed, Johnson Co. Ltd, 12 Changhe Rd Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter. Use "Wang Lin" instead. You do not need to write the address.
[高分范文] Dear Mr. Meed, I read the job advertisement of your company in a newspaper. And I think the job suits me very much. Now I'd like to introduce myself to you. My name is Wang Lin. I'm 24. I was awarded B.A. degree as an English major student in Beijing Foreign Studies University in 2002. During my college time, my marks range among top 5 of my peers in my school. After graduating from college, I worked as an interpreter in a trade company for three years. My boss gave me very high remarks about my work. And my easy-going personality made me build a broad network with my colleagues and customers. I think three years is enough to do the same work, and I want to try something new. So I write to apply for the position offered by your company. Hope I can hear from you soon. Thanks for paying attention. Wish everything goes on well. Yours sincerely, Wang Lin
[写作点金] 在所有的文体中，求职信是一种比较正式的文体。在求职申请中，要写清楚自己的概况，并要阐述自己有哪些条件符合该职位的要求。在表述中要让对方感觉到你的重视，感觉到你已经很认真的看过他们公司的职位描述和要求。如果职位要求里没有对工作经验作出要求，我们在写申清的时候也要申明自己有相关的工作经验，因为用人单位都很注重应聘者的工作经验。求职申请开头的称呼和最后的署名一定要写。 [高频词句] 1．I read the job advertisement of your company in a newspaper．And I think the job suits me very much． 求职信的第一句可以套用这句活。 2．My boss gave me very high remarks about my work．我的老板对我的工作评价很高。 3．So I write to apply for the position offered by your company．所以我写信来申请你们公司的空缺职位。
Part B
1. Below is a graph showing the change in family consumption in your city between 1998 and 2008. Look at the graph and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points: 1. a description of the graph; 2. a conclusion of the change.
The average family income in our city increased from 6,000 yuan per year in 1998 to 18,000 yuan in 2008. In the meantime, the structure of the average family consumption has changed, too. These graphs show the change clearly. The biggest part of the average family expenses is housing. In 1998, the average family spent 25 percent of its income on housing. In 2008, expenses on housing rose to 42 percent. Food and drink are the second biggest part of the average family expenses. In 1998, about 18% of the average income was spent on this item. In 2008, the figure grew to 30%. As a result of such increase in the expenses on housing and food, expenses on other items have been reduced from 57% in 1998 to 28% in 2008. Thus, a conclusion can be drawn that as income increases, people can improve their living standards. But still the average family has to spend a large part of its income on the basic life necessities.
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