四、英语阅读理解题 阅读下列短文，从每题给出的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 New York and London may rule the roost, but other financial hubs in America and Europe have managed to carve out useful specialist niches for themselves. Chicago, for instance, has consolidated its position as the world's derivatives center, and Houston, the largest city in Texas, is home to America's biggest energy firms and has spawned an active cluster of energy traders and hedge funds. Europe has also developed a diverse set of financial centers ranging from big cities to island havens such as Jersey and to niche markets such as Luxembourg and Dublin. Edinburg, an established banking center, is now touting itself as a low-cost alternative for financial operations. Among the larger hubs, Frankfurt is an important center for banking and derivatives trading through Eurex, a German-Swiss exchange, with significantly lower costs than London. Switzerland's twin financial centers, Geneva and Zurich, have done well in their specialists of private banking, wealth management and insurance. The main attractions are low taxes, political stability and a reputation for discretion. Urs Roth from the Swiss Bankers Association says, however, that given its tiny domestic market, Switzerland has had to fight for open markets on an international scale. Paris has long lagged far behind London, dogged by a reputation for excessive regulation and high taxes. The new government is aware that some of France's best financial brains have crossed the Channel for more lucrative careers in London. Yet Paris has many advantages: a large number of international banks; more international companies than Frankfurt; and easy access to regulators. It has the largest market in Europe for trading in mutual funds. Few would dispute that Paris offers an attractive quality of life and has good transport links. What makes Paris a place to watch just now is the NYSE's recent merger with Euronext. The combined group will base its international equities business in the French capital. Euronext, which operates exchanges in five European countries, also illustrates the importance of a common language. Financial executives around the world increasingly view Europe as a single market. Soon a new European rule called MiFID (Markets in Financial Instrument Directive) is due to be implemented. It aims to increase competition among and transparency within financial markets. Financiers in other parts of the world are wondering how to achieve a similar degree of cross-border financial integration.
1. According to Paragraph 1, traders mostly trade derivatives in ______.
A.New York
B.London
C.Chicago
D.Frankfurt.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。题干大意为：根据第一段，交易人员大多在什么地方从事衍生品交易。从第一段Chicago, for instance, has consolidated its position as the world's derivatives center, and Houston, the largest city in Texas, is home to America's biggest energy firms and has spawned an active cluster of energy traders and hedge funds. 可知本题选C。
2. All of the following are advantages of Switzerland's financial centers EXCEPT______.
A.low taxation
B.broad domestic market
C.fame for discretion
D.stable political environment
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据题干的关键词Switzerland's financial centers可定位到第三段The main attractions are low taxes, political stability and a reputation for discretion. 可知其主要吸引力在于低税收、政治稳定和谨慎行事的声誉。本题要选除了这些之外的因素，可用排除法，故本题选B。
3. Which of the following is NOT true about Paris, according to the passage? ______
A.Merger of NYSE with Euronext makes it the biggest financial center in Europe.
B.The excessive regulation and high taxes have affected its financial development.
C.Paris has many advantages that may help in its future financial development.
D.Paris offers good quality of life as well as good transport links.
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。题干大意为：下列关于巴黎的说法，叙述不正确的是哪项?根据原文中第四段What makes Paris a place to watch just now is the NYSE's recent merger with Euronext. 可知与A项内容不符。根据原文中第四段第一句“由于过度监管和高税收的名声，巴黎长期以来远远落后于伦敦”，可知B项表述正确。由Yet Paris has many advantages: a large number of international banks; more international companies than Frankfun; and easy access to regulators. 可知C项表述也正确。由Few would dispute that Paris offers an attractive quality of life and has good transport links. 可知D项表述正确。故本题选A。
4. The last paragraph implies that______.
A.financiers have long ago viewed the Europe as a single market
B.Europe has the highest degree of cross-border financial integration
C.the MiFID will make financial markets around the world more competitive
D.the MiFID will increase transparency within American financial mark
The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional "paid" media—such as television commercials and print advertisements—still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid media—for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned. The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them. If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.
6. Consumers may create "earned" media when they are ______.
A.obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites
B.inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them
C.eager to help their friends promote quality products
D.enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products
负责金融业的统计、调查、分析和预测；
作为国家的中央银行，从事有关的国际金融活动；
国务院规定的其他职责。中国人民银行不对企业直接发放贷款。故本题选D。
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