第三部分 英语 Acknowledging that so-called cloud computing will blur the distinctions between computers and networks, about two dozen big information technology companies plan to announce on Tuesday a new standards-setting group for computer networking. The group, to be called the Open Networking Foundation. hopes to help standardize a set of technologies pioneered at Stanford and the University of California, Berkeley, and meant to make small and large networks programmable in much the same way that individual computers are. The changes, if widely adopted, would have implications for global telecommunications networks and large corporate data centers, but also for small household networks. The benefits, proponents say, would be more flexible and secure networks that are less likely to suffer from congestion. Someday, they say, networks might even be less expensive to build and operate. The new telecommunications companies, like Verizon or AT&T, use software to combine several fiber optic backbones temporarily for particularly heavy information loads and then have them automatically separate when a data rush hour is over. For households, the new capabilities might let Internet service providers offer remote services like home security or energy control. The foundation's organizers also say the new technologies will offer ways to improve security and could possibly enhance individual privacy within the e-commerce and social networking markets. Those markets are the fastest-growing uses for computing and network resources. While the new capabilities could be crucial to network engineers, for business users and consumers the changes might be no more noticeable than advances in plumbing, heating and air-conditioning. Everything might work better, but most users would probably not know or care why or how. The members of the Open Networking Foundation will include Broadcom, Brocade, Ciena, Cisco, Citrix, Dell, Deutsche Telekom Ericsson, Facebook, Forcel0, Google, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Juniper, Marvell, Microsoft, NEC, Netgear, NT-F, Riverbed Technology, Verizon, VMW are and Yahoo. "This answers a question that the entire industry has had, and that is how do you provide owners and operators of large networks with the flexibility of control that they want in a standardized fashion, " said Nick McKeown, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Stanford, where his and colleagues' work forms part of the technical underpinnings, called OpenFlow. The effort is a departure from the traditional way the Internet works. As designed by military and academic experts in the 1960s, the Internet has been based on interconnected computers that send and receive packets of data, paying little heed to the content and making few distinctions among the various types of senders and receivers of information. The intelligence in the original Internet was meant to reside largely at the end point of the network—the computers—while the specialized routing computers were relatively dumb post offices of various size, mainly confined to reading addresses and transferring packets of data to adjacent systems. But these days, that cloud computing means a lot of the information is stored and processed on computers out on the network, there is growing need for more intelligent control systems to orchestrate the behavior of thousands of routing machines. It will make it possible, for example, for managers of large networks to program their network to prioritize certain types of data, perhaps to ensure quality of service or to add security to certain portions of a network. The designers argue that because OpenFlow should open up hardware and software systems that control the flow of Internet data packets, systems that have been closed and proprietary, it will cause a new round of innovation focused principally upon the vast computing systems known as cloud computers.
1. What is the main purpose of the Open Networking Foundation?
A.To set new standards for computer networking.
B.To promote cloud computing.
C.To enhance the capabilities of network engineers.
D.To make networks less expensive to build and operate.
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。根据文章第一段 ...about two dozen big information technology companies plan to announce on Tuesday a new standards-setting group for computer networking. The group, to be called the Open Net-working Foundation，hopes to help standardize a set of technologies...，20多个信息技术公司联合宣布了一个计算机连网标准制定组织，这个组织就是“开放网络基金会”(the Open Networking Foundation)，希望将一系列网络技术标准化……由此可知，该组织的目的在于为计算机连网制定新标准。故本题选A。
2. "Orchestrate" in Para. 5 probably means ______.
A.integrate
B.conform
C.comply
D.harmonize
A B C D
D
[解析] 词义猜测题。结合该词所在的上下文语境 ...that cloud computing means a lot of the information is stored and processed on computers out on the network, there is growing need for more intelligent control systems to orchestrate the behavior of thousands of routing machines.云计算储存、分析网络中大量的信息，需要更智能的控制系统来让连接线路中的所有计算机(machines)的行为______。Integrate“使……成为一体，整合”；conform“使……遵守，符合”；comply“使……服从”；harmonize表示“使……和谐，使……一致”。四个选项相比，harmonize更符合语境。故本题选D。
3. The possible benefits of the standardized technologies will not include ______.
A.improved computer security
B.networks that are less expensive build
C.software for data rush hours
D.growing use of computing in the e-commerce market
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。根据文章第二段，标准化新技术的好处包括 ...networks might even be less expensive to build...网络的建立花费更少，B项说法正确；...use software to combine several fiber optic backbones temporarily for particularly heavy information loads and then have them automatically separate when a data rush hour is over.利用软件解决网络拥堵时段的问题，C项说法正确；根据第三段第一句话The foundation's organizers also say the new technologies will offer ways to improve computer security...新技术还有助于提升计算机的安全性，A项说法正确；虽然第三段第二句说Those markets are the fastest-growing uses for computing and network resources，电商市场用到的计算机网络技术越来越多，但这并不是标准化技术带来的好处。故本题选D。
4. Which of the following is NOT true about OpenFlow according to the passage?
A.It is an initiative of Nick McKeown and his colleagues.
B.It will trigger new innovations in the field of cloud computing.
C.It is meant to help with the storing and processing of information on computers.
D.It deviates from the traditional Internet.
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词OpenFlow定位到文中第四段最后和第五段。根据第四段最后一句“...Nick McKeown, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Stanford, where his and colleagues' work forms part of the technical underpinnings, called OpenFlow.”可知，Nick McKeown和他同事的工作只是促成OpenFlow出现的部分原因，所以A项“OpenFlow是Nick McKeown和他同事提出的倡议”错误。故本题选A。
5. It can be inferred form the passage that ______.
A.people will have a better understanding of the distinctions between computers and networks thanks to cloud computing
B.cloud computing will involve more routing computers than the traditional internet
C.with the setting of new standards, operators of large networks will have more flexibility of control
D.the Open Networking Foundation will be led by Stanford and the university of California, Berkeley
A B C D
C
[解析] 推断题。A项“有了云计算，人们能更好地理解电脑和网络的不同”，根据文章第一句可知，云计算使得两者之间的不同点变得模糊，A项错误。B项“云计算与传统网络相比会涵盖更多的路由计算机”，routing computers在文中只出现了两次，都在第五段，第一处是“while the specialized routing computers were relatively dumb post offices of various size”，意思是路由计算机就像相对比较迟钝的邮局；第二处是“there is growing need for more intelligent control systems to orchestrate the behavior of thousands of routing machines”，即现在越来越需要更智能的控制系统来协调数以千计的路由机器。所以B项的内容文中并没有提及，故排除。D项“the Open Networking Foundation将由斯坦福大学和加州大学伯克利分校领导”，根据第一段“The group, to be called the Open Networking Foundation, hopes to help standardize a set of technologies pioneered at Stanford and the University of California，Berkeley...”这句话是说the Open Networking Foundation希望帮助使斯坦福大学和加州大学伯克利分校优先提出的一些技术标准化。所以D项无从得知，排除。故本题选C。
乙队的数额是另外三队总和的
丙队的数额是另外三队总和的
丁队的数额是130个。那么甲队的数额是多少个?______
则丁队占四队总和的
对应的数额为130个，则甲队的数额是
故本题选A。
研发占销售的
行政是前两个部门员工数的
财务比行政多4人，该公司共有多少人?______
可知公司员工总数应是13的倍数，只有A项符合。
即该俱乐部男女比例是2:1。
米，第二次截取余下的
还剩几米?______
故本题选A。
座位，等差中项是第16排的座位数，即46+3×3=55(个)座位，剧院有55×31=1705(个)座位。
即下午4点。故本题选A。
若只买盒子，找回100-5=95(元)。
故本题选A。
解得n≤7。则这些星星最多可以用7天。故本题选D。
故本题选A。
故本题选C。
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题