1. Caregiver stress is a well-known phenomenon and good one to avoid; it can lead to higher rates of anxiety and depression, and fuel a sense of ______.
3. The United States has become the most important driver of Vietnam's export engine, ______, accounting for two-thirds of Vietnam's total export growth this year.
A.cut and dried
B.fair and square
C.hard and fast
D.far and away
A B C D
D
[考点] 考查短语辨析。 [解析] 句意:美国无疑已经成为越南出口引擎最重要的推动力,占越南今年总出口增长的三分之二。cut and dried“老生常谈的,已成定局的”;fair and square“光明正大地,诚实地”;hard and fast“不容更改的,固定不变的”;far and away“无疑地,显然地”。由后半句中的数据可知,空格处应表示“毫无疑问地”。故本题选D。
4. Researchers at Pennsylvania State University are intent on creating a robotic system that will ______ pollinate fruit tree flowers due to threats to natural pollination worldwide.
5. Even though life is starting to get back to normal, he's still at home a lot more than he ______ be.
A.used to
B.was used to
C.uses to
D.use to
A B C D
A
[考点] 考查固定搭配。 [解析] 句意:尽管生活开始恢复正常,他仍然比以前更多地待在家里。used to do“过去常常做某事”,be used to doing“习惯于做某事”。无use to do的用法,排除C、D。本句将现在的情况与过去常常发生的情况作对比,因此使用used to do。故本题选A。
6. Although some countries have taken action to solve the shortage of water, it may be some time______ the situation improves.
13. The U. S. Postal Service has had financial problem for years. It lost $ 9 billion last year. It's not supported by tax dollars; it's ______ by postage and services.
A.relieved
B.characterized
C.funded
D.donated
A B C D
C
[考点] 考查动词辨析。 [解析] 句意:美国邮政署多年来一直存在财务问题,去年亏损了90亿美元。它没有税收支持,资金来源于邮费和服务费。relieve“减轻,解除”;characterize“以……为特征”;fund“为……提供资金,投资”;donate“捐赠”。根据语境,it's ______ by postage and services与It's not supported by tax dollars相对应,故空格处的词应和前半句support词义相近,只有fund符合。故本题选C。
14. The mere fact ______ most people believe nuclear war would be mad does not mean that it will not occur.
A.that
B.which
C.what
D.whose
A B C D
A
[考点] 考查同位语从句。 [解析] 句意:大多数人认为核战争是疯狂的,但这并不意味着核战争就不会爆发。本题“most people believe nuclear war would be mad”部分是同位语从句,对fact的内容进行阐释说明;从句意义完整,连接词在从句中不充当任何成分,所以用that引导。which不可引导同位语从句;what和whose在引导从句时在句子充当成分,B、C、D三项均可排除。
15. Hamlet is just an ______ character in the novel.
18. In some countries, ______ is called equality does not really mean equal rights for all people.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.one
A B C D
B
[考点] 考查主语从句。 [解析] 句意:在某些国家,所谓平等并不真正意味着所有人都拥有平等的权利。由题干可知句子“______ is called equality”是整个句子的主语,且此句本身也缺少主语,因此空格处的词既要引导主语从句又要充当从句的主语,只能是选项中的what。which不能在从句中充当主语;that在主语从句中不充当任何成分;one不能起连接的作用。故本题选B。
19. There's a lot of food left over from the party, you ______ so many dishes.
21. As a writer, you have fifteen seconds, sometimes less, to convince your readers to stay put while you ______ your pearls of knowledge and wisdom into the fertile soils of their mind.
23. All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A.considered
B.be considered
C.considering
D.having considered
A B C D
A
[考点] 考查独立主格结构。 [解析] 句意:考虑到所有事情,计划好的旅行将不得不取消了。分析句子成分可知,“All things ______”的逻辑主语是things,而整个句子的主语是trip,所以该成分是分词的独立主格结构,在句中作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句。all things与consider之间为被动关系,故用过去分词considered。“All things considered”相当于“If all things are considered”。
24. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs ______ directed.
A.like
B.so
C.which
D.as
A B C D
D
[考点] 考查as引导方式状语从句。 [解析] 句意:详细调查表明,多达百分之五十的病人没有按照医嘱服药。在as引导的方式状语从句中,尤其含有be时,常常会省略一部分,而保留其主要成分,如分词或形容词。句中“take drugs as directed”为“take drugs as they are directed”的省略形式。
25. We take our skin for granted until it is burned ______ repair.
28. For many years, fast-food franchises agreed not to ______ one another's workers within the same chain, but now they have agreed, under pressure, to eliminate the practice that limits their workers' ability to take jobs at other restaurants.
29. It is simply unacceptable that the poorest half of the world's population owns ______ a few dozen super-rich people who could fit onto one bus.
A.as much as
B.no less than
C.better than
D.no more than
A B C D
D
[考点] 考查短语辨析。 [解析] 句意:世界上最贫穷的一半人口所拥有的财富总量还不及一辆巴士就能装满的几十个超级富豪所拥有的财富量,这简直是不可接受的。as much as“和……一样多”;no less than“不少于”;better than“比……好”,no more than“不超过”。结合语境,不可接受的应该是巨大的贫富差距,这些贫困人口的总财富还不及几十个富人的财富多,故本题选D。
30. Zhang lei's words are not aimed at you; you wrongly blame him. Now it turns out you're too ______ about it.
二、阅读理解 There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of "climbing the ladder" so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally "driven" to work. Not infrequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an inordinate (过度的) amount of time working and, as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word "workaholic" has been created to describe an individual who is as addicted to work as an alcoholic (酒鬼) is to liquor. There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and production—a workaholic supports these values. Despite the presence of workaholics, there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful. Many people have been rebelling against the work ethic, claiming that when a job is so important, personal relationships suffer and relaxation becomes secondary. Consequently there has been a shift in values, with more emphasis being given to personal relationships and non-work activities. Increased leisure time in the United States has not changed the idea that work and play are distinct activities. "There is a belief that it is desirable" to work hard and play hard, and undesirable to combine the two. In many offices, stores and factories socializing among employees is discouraged. An employee under pressure at work often cannot afford to respond to social calls and visits. However, the amount of personal contact on the job depends on the nature of the work. People are ambivalent (矛盾的) toward work it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled. In the words of former President Richard Nixon: "The 'work ethic' holds that labor is good in itself that a man or woman becomes a better person by virtue of the act of working. America's competitive spirit, the 'work ethic' of this people, is alive and well ..." Another viewpoint is expressed in an Anacin commercial: "I like my job and am good at it, but it sure grinds me down (折磨) sometimes, and the last thing I need to take home is a headache."
1. An individual who is addicted to work is ______.
A.a drug addict
B.a compulsive worker
C.an alcoholic (drinks too much alcohol)
D.a competitive worker
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据短文第一段前两句There are people who are especially attracted to the notion of "climbing the ladder" so as to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic, these people are internally "driven" to work. 可看出有些人深受“climbing the ladder”观念影响,目的是提高社会地位,经济地位和自我价值,所以他们internally "driven" to work,即受自身驱使而工作。故本题选B。
2. The author states that workaholics ______.
A.abuse themselves physically and mentally
B.are highly productive members of society
C.torture themselves physically
D.both A and B
A B C D
D
[解析] 细节题。作者在第二段指出对于workaholics(工作狂),人们有两种不同的观点:一种观点认为workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally(工作狂是在身体与精神上虐待自己);另一种观点则认为(workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive(他们是对社会有价值的成员,因为他们工作效率极高)。故本题选D。
3. Why have some people begun to place less emphasis on work and more on non-work activities? ______
A.Because they realize that work is not useful.
B.Because they realize that leisure time should be enjoyed.
C.Because they realize that excessive work demands can be harmful to their health.
D.Because they realize that having friends is not as necessary as working.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据短文第三段第一句中的there is a growing realization in the United States that excessive work demands can be physically and mentally harmful可知,人们开始意识到过度的工作会对健康造成危害。故本题选C。
4. The reason why some people don't socialize with their co-workers on the job is that ______.
A.they consider work and play separate activities
B.they have nothing in common with their fellow workers
C.they feel that socializing with them well create problems at home
D.they feel that socializing with them may result in emotional problems
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。短文第四段开头指出the idea that work and play are distinct activities,可知人们认为工作和娱乐是两个独立的活动。故本题选A。
5. The difference between Nixon's view of work and the view expressed on the TV commercial for Anacin is that ______.
A.the former is true, the latter is false
B.the former is a fact, the latter is an opinion
C.the former is a glorification of work, the latter is not
D.the former is an opinion, the latter is a fact
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。短文最后一段指出People are ambivalent toward work it is, at the same time, glorified and belittled,即有人赞扬工作,有人轻视工作。接着就列举了Nixon的观点和Anacin这种药的广告词来阐释这两种对工作的看法。故本题选C。
Imagine browsing a website when an attractive ad for lingerie catches your eye. You don't click on it, merely smile and go to another page. Yet it follows you, putting up more racy pictures, perhaps even the offer of a discount. Finally, annoyed by its persistence, you frown. "Sorry for taking up your time," says the ad, and promptly stops further disturbance. Creepy. But making online ads that not only know you are looking at them but also respond to your emotions will soon be possible, thanks to the power of image-processing software and the common existence of tiny cameras in computers and mobile devices. Uses for this technology would not, of course, be confined to advertising. There is ample scope to apply it in areas like security, computer gaming, education and health care. But advertisers are among the first to embrace the idea in earnest. Advertising firms already film how people react to ads, usually in an artificial setting. The participants' faces are studied for positive or negative feelings. A lot of research has been done into ways of categorizing the emotions behind facial expressions. Some consumer-research companies also employ cameras to track eye movements so they can be sure what their subjects are looking at. This can help determine which ads attract the most attention and where they might be placed for the best effect on a web page. One of the companies doing such work, Realeyes, which is based in London, has been developing a system that combines eye-spying webcams with emotional analysis. Mihkel Jaatma, who founded the company in 2007, says that his system is able to detect a person's mood by plotting the position of facial features, such as eyebrows, mouth and nostrils, and employing clever programs to interpret changes in their alignment—as when eyebrows are raised in surprise, say. Add eye-movement tracking, hinting at which display ads were overlooked and which were studied for any period of time, and the approach offers precisely the sort of quantitative data brand managers yearn for. At present the system is being used on purpose-built websites with, for instance, online research groups testing the effect of various display ads. The next step is to make interactive ads. Because they can spot the visual attention given to them, as well as the emotional state of the viewer, these ads could change their responses. As similar technologies become widespread, privacy concerns will invariably increase. People would need to give consent to their webcams being used in this way, Mr. Jaatma admits. One way to persuade Internet users to grant access to their images would be to offer them discounts on goods or subscriptions to websites.
6. The imagined situation in Paragraph 1 introduces ______.
7. According to Paragraph 2, the study of people's emotional responses to ads ______.
A.contributes to the wide use of interactive ads in various fields
B.helps to improve the way in which online ads are displayed
C.classifies the different emotions of the subjects in real life
D.opens a door to a better acceptance of online advertisements
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第二段。该段第四至六句话介绍了人们对广告的情绪反应的研究:广告公司录制了在模拟场景中(in an artificial setting)人们对于广告的不同反应,并对参与者表达积极或消极情绪时的面部表情进行了研究。结合第一段中的信息(根据人的情绪做出反应的广告),可推知,广告商是想通过研究人的情绪开发出这种广告,以便获得更好的广告效果,B项符合文意。
8. The emotional analysis by Realeyes company mainly focuses on ______.
A.eye movements
B.psychological disorders
C.facial expressions
D.quantitative data
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词Realeyes company定位到第三段。该段介绍了Realeyes公司所开发的一个新系统。首句指出,该公司一直在研发一种将眼球监测网络摄像头与情绪分析相结合的系统。接下来第二句具体指出该系统所具有的功能,能够通过标示眉毛、嘴和鼻孔等面部位置,并运用智能程序识别其位置的变化来识别人的情绪(detect a person's mood by plotting the position of facial features),故可推断出该公司对情绪的分析主要是通过标示人的面部特征来进行的,C项符合文意。
9. Interactive ads are featured by ______.
A.smart responses
B.identification of attention
C.recognition of emotions
D.acute observation
A B C D
A
[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词Interactive ads定位至第四段。该段第一、二句指出,目前该系统正被用于各种为特定目的而建立的网站,而下一步就是要制作互动式广告。接着第三句对互动式广告进行了说明:由于这类广告能捕捉到人们的视觉关注以及浏览者的情绪状态,因此它们可以做出相应的反应(these ads could change their responses)。由此可推知,捕捉到浏览者对其的视觉关注和情绪是互动式广告做出相应反应的两个前提条件,同时也是互动式广告的特殊之处,故A项正确。
10. As for the new technology, use of webcams would be forbidden when ______.
A.intellectual property is concerned
B.internet users do not permit it
C.the technology becomes popular
D.no discounts or other services are provided
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。根据题干中关键词定位至最后一段。该段首句指出,随着此类技术的广泛使用,个人的隐私将备受关注,接着第二句指出加塔玛先生也表示,以这种方式使用网络摄像头必须得到当事人的同意(People would need to give consent to their webcams being used in this way),由此可知,如果当事人不同意,这种网络摄像头则会被禁用,B项符合此意。
When Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi interviewed 91 of the world's most successful people (including 14 Nobel Prize winners) in the 1990s to see if he could identify commonalities between them, one prominent thing he noted was that they are all incredibly complex human beings. What does that mean? It means that, as individuals, they were both differentiated and integrated. They were differentiated because they had taken it on themselves to navigate the abundance of the world and expose themselves to it, making them a unique amalgamation of the different things they had absorbed and experienced; they were integrated because they had also done the work to make sense of this diverse absorption into a coherent whole. Another way to frame this would be to see differentiation as the process of discovering individual values and integration as the narrative/the meaning that drives those values into day to day actions. There are many people who are integrated but not differentiated, and their problem is mostly that they haven't really done the work to expose themselves to the complexities surrounding them. They have been sucked into the ideologies of their family or culture, or political affiliation, and they are seemingly happy to exist there. To them, it's easy to ignore the excess noise in the modern world because they simply ignore it by default. But deep down, there is still emotional conflict because they know that they aren't really living a life that's true who they are and what they could be according to what their own body has experienced living in the world. Then, there are people who are differentiated but not integrated. These people have exposed themselves to the different corners of the world, picked out the values that represent their individuality, but they have a hard time making it all cohere. The narrative structure that holds their life together is weak and the meaning of it all, fragile. Here, the conflict is less that they aren't living a life that's true to what they know deep down, but more so, it's that they can't act on what they know in their daily life. They get sucked up by their distractions, addictions, or whatever else gets in the way of applying knowledge to action, and none of this is helped by the fact that this complex, abundant world demands so much of them. Many in this category often carry unresolved problems from childhood/adolescence. People often find themselves with a bottleneck where they identify a surface-level issue as the cause of their inability to do what they want. Sometimes, they'll blame it on the company they are working for or the lack of credentials in their life. Other times, they'll be looking for better productivity tools or a different lifestyle. Occasionally, these bottlenecks are indeed what hold them back, but usually they are just symptoms of deeper, thornier problems that our mind knows we aren't ready to handle yet so it temporarily uses a false reason to conflict itself, driving us towards uncertainty and instability that, over time, begins to play with our sense-making abilities. The question, of course, is: What can we do about this? And the answer, as I see it, is both simple and frustrating at the same time: It's to cultivate awareness—which is essentially another way saying that we all have to become our own therapists, looking for ways we get in our own way and mentoring ourselves when the occasion calls. While there is a world filled with outside guidance, the truth is that the only person who can constantly look out for us is the person we see in the mirror. That's the only person who is person always watching, and that's the only person who can take improved action based on immediate feedback. People do all sorts of things to cultivate awareness. Some swear by meditation, others see professionals a few yet call on their friends and family for support. All of these can be effective. But at it's core, awareness is about observing your emotional experience and not running from it—to see it clearly and objectively and, sometimes, painfully so you can first accept it and then decide what you want to do with it.
11. What is the deep reason for people who find themselves with a bottleneck? ______
A.They lack credentials in their own life.
B.They need to find better productivity tools or a different lifestyle.
C.Their mind uses a false reason to conflict itself, driving them towards uncertainty and instability.
D.They lack credentials in the company they working for.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。题干:人们遇到瓶颈的深层原因是什么? 该题关键词为bottleneck,由该关键词可定位至原文第五段,首句提到People often find themselves with a bottleneck where they identify a surface-level issue as the cause of their inability to do what they want(人们经常发现自己遇到了瓶颈,并把表面的问题当作导致他们无法做自己想做之事的原因)。紧接着,通过Sometimes,Othertimes,Occasionally列举了遇到瓶颈的原因,而其中多数为表面问题,并非深层原因。该段最后一句中出现表转折的关键词“yet”,其后内容为深层原因:that our mind knows we aren't ready to handle yet so it temporarily uses a false reason to conflict itself, driving us towards uncertainty and instability that...(我们的大脑知道自己还没有做好处理这些问题的准备,所以它会暂时用一个虚假的理由来自我斗争,将我们推向不确定和不稳定状态……)。 四个选项中,只有C项Their minds uses a false reason to conflict itself, driving them towards uncertainty and instability(他们的大脑用一个虚假的理由来自我斗争,把他们推向不确定和不稳定的状态)符合题意。A项They lack credentials in their own life(他们在生活中缺乏资历)与D项They lack credentials in the company they working for(他们在自己工作的公司缺乏资历),在原文中是sometimes之后阐述的原因;B项They need to find better productivity tools or a different lifestyle(他们需要找到更好的生产力工具或一种不同的生活方式)在原文中是other times后面阐述的原因。A、B、D三项均为表面问题,而非深层原因,故排除。 综上所述,本题选C。
12. What is the purpose of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi interviewing 91 of the world's most successful people? ______
A.He wanted to find out if they had done the work to make sense of this diverse absorption into a coherent whole.
B.He wanted to find out what they had in common.
C.He wanted to find out if they had taken it on themselves to navigate the abundance of the world and expose themselves to it.
D.He wanted to find out if they are all incredibly complex human beings.
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。题干:米哈里·契克森米哈采访世界上最成功的91个人的目的是什么? 该题关键词为purpose,由此可定位至原文第一段第一句,本句说明了他采访的目的是to see if he could identify commonalities between them(看是否能找到他们的共同点)。B项He wanted to find out what they had in common(他想找出他们的共同点)为原文的同义替换,而其他三个选项均不是目的。 综上所述,本题选B。
13. Which of the following is not the reason why many people are integrated but not differentiated? ______
A.They haven't really done the work to expose themselves to the complexities surrounding them.
B.They aren't really living a life that's true who they are and what they could be according to what their own body has experienced living in the world.
C.They have been sucked into the ideologies of their family, or culture, or political affiliation, and they seemingly happy to exist there.
D.They ignore the excess noise in the modern world because they simply ignore it by default.
A B C D
B
[解析] 细节题。题干:以下哪一项不是导致人们泯然众人的原因? 该题关键词为integrated but not differentiated,由此可定位至原文第三段。该段前半部分说明了这些人泯然众人的几个原因,最后一句则表明这些人的一种状态。根据该段第一句...their problem is mostly that they haven't really done the work to expose themselves to the complexities surrounding them(主要是他们没有真正做过什么事情来了解这个错综复杂的世界)可知,A项是原因之一,因此排除;根据第二句They have been sucked into the ideologies of their family, or culture, or political affiliation, and they are seemingly happy to exist there(他们被家庭、文化或政治派别的意识形态同化,同时似乎很乐在其中)可知,C项是原因之一,排除;根据第三句To them, it's easy to ignore the excess noise in the modern world because they simply ignore it by default(对他们来说,忽视现代世界中的多余噪音轻而易举,因为他们只是默认地忽略它)可知,D项也是原因之一,排除。 而B项对应的是该段最后一句“但他们的内心深处仍然存在着情感冲突,因为他们知道自己并没有过上能真实代表自身的生活,也无法根据自己的经验判断自己究竟可以成为什么样的人”。该句并非人们泯然众人的原因,只是这些人的状态或结果。因此B项They aren't really living a life that's true who they are and what they could be according to what their own body has experienced living in the world(他们并没有过上能真实代表自身的生活,也无法根据自己的经验判断自己究竟可以成为什么样的人)正确。 综上所述,本题选B。
14. What's the most important way to cultivate awareness? ______
A.To see your emotional experience clearly and objectively.
B.To explore it through meditation.
C.To call on friends and family for support.
D.To seek help from professionals.
A B C D
A
[解析] 细节题。题干:培养意识的最重要的方式是什么? 该题关键词为cultivate awareness,根据关键词可定位至第六段和第七段,第六段提出培养意识是解决这一问题的答案,让我们成为自己的治疗师,找到适合自己的方法,在需要的时候引导自己从低谷中走出来;第七段提到人们用不同的方法培养意识。根据该段第四句But at its core, awareness is about observing your emotional experience and not running from it—to see it clearly and objectively...(但最重要的是,要勇于正视自己的情感体验,而不是逃避它——要以清晰、客观的立场去看待它……)可知,A项To see your emotional experience clearly and objectively(清楚客观地看待自己的情感经历)正确。 B项意为“通过冥想来探索”;C项意为“拜访朋友和家人寻求帮助”;D项意为“寻求专业人士的帮助”,均是原文举例说明培养意识时一些人采用的方法,但不是最重要的方法。 综上所述,本题选A。
15. What's the conflict for people who are differentiated but not integrated? ______
A.They aren't living a life that's true to what they know deep down.
B.They have a hard time making the values that represent their individuality coherently.
C.They can't act on what they know in their daily life.
D.The narrative structure that holds their life together is weak and the meaning of it all is fragile.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。题干:对与众不同的人来说,他们的矛盾是什么? 该题关键词为differentiated but not integrated,据此可定位至原文第四段,本段讲与众不同的人的性格特点及矛盾所在。根据题干关键词conflict可定位到该段第四句Here, the conflict is less that they aren't living a life that's true to what they know deep down, but more so, it's that they can't act on what they know in their daily life(在这里,矛盾不在于他们的生活不符合他们内心深处的认知,而在于他们无法在日常生活中按照自己的认知行事),该句中but more so后面的内容为矛盾所在,C项They can't act on what they know in their daily life(他们无法在日常生活中按照自己的认知行事)与此表述一致。 A项“他们的生活不符合他们内心深处的认知”,在原文中是less之后的表达,也就是被否定的,故排除;B项“他们很难把这些代表他们个性的价值观统一起来”与D项“将他们的生活维系在一起的叙事结构是脆弱的,或者说对他们来说一切的意义都是脆弱的”在原文中指这些与众不同的人的特点,并非矛盾所在,故排除。 综上所述,本题选C。
When Samantha Brunson saw the popularity of knitting, she started her own crafting and social club that hosts events in New York City. With an average of around 20 people at each event, she began to notice how many people started coming regularly and thought of knitting as a meditative practice. "Knitting is about taking time for yourself; some people think of it as extremely relaxing," she says. Many people come fairly regularly to her knitting club which is one of the few social groups in the city that is dedicated to the art and craft of knitting without being a yarn store—and in this aspect, it functions much like a book club where people chat about life while also trying new things including patterns and yarns. Some participants knit sweaters, yet others try interesting things like temperature blankets. These are blankets where the knitter takes the temperature from each day in the year and correlates it to a color so you can visually gauge what the year looks like. Some knitters do it all in the same hues, tints of blues for colder days to hues of reds and oranges for warmer days. With around 40 million Americans being active as knitters, it's no surprise that many are trying their hand at homemade projects. As a result of this trend, yarn brands like Red Heart have come up with innovative products like the Heart Heat Wave, a yarn that becomes up to 12 degrees warmer when UV rays hit them, thanks to patented fibers. Also new to the market is Bernat's EZ Wool, which have large pre-purled loops so knitters can easily loop them without using needles. The latter is ideal for those who consider themselves "non-crafters". VOGUE, the fashion magazine, hosts Knitting Live! events with designer fashion shows and a Marketplace which has new yarn and accessories from around the world. There are special issues devoted just to knitting, published four times a year that covers topics like knitted camouflage and trending patterns like leopard prints. Recent research shows that the craft has a measurable effect on lowering both anxiety and stress. There is a direct correlation between knitting and feelings of calm and happiness. It reduces loneliness and isolation. Studies have also found that knitting lowers the morbidity of blood pressure. The hash tag #Why I Knit is popular on Instagram and knitters share their personal journeys of the craft. Ashley Wilson of "Old Wire Road," for instance, posts beautiful pictures of yarns and silken threads she finds as she goes along in her knitting journey. "It is my ultimate method of self-care and settles my head and draws me into a peace. "she posts. With knitting clubs on the rise, there is also a sense that they have become a truly social experience too.
16. What does the underlined word "morbidity" mean in the passage? ______
A.Terminal.
B.Severity.
C.Onset.
D.Fatality.
A B C D
C
[解析] 含义题。题干:文中画线单词“morbidity”是什么意思? 根据题干关键词“morbidity”定位至文章第六段最后一句Studies have also found that knitting lowers the morbidity of blood pressure(研究还发现,编织可以降低血压的______)。第二、三句表明,编织对降低焦虑和压力有明显的效果,可以让人在感受平静的同时减少孤独感。画线单词所在句子是对本段内容做进一步补充说明,也是论述编织对人身体健康的好处,由此可推断出,编织可以降低高血压的发病率。terminal“末端;晚期病人”,severity“严重;严格”,onset“开始;发作”,fatality“死亡;致命性”。由句意可知,四个选项中只有onset与morbidity意思最为相近。 综上分析,本题选C。
17. Which of the following about Samantha Brunson's club is not true? ______
A.Visitors come fairly regularly for both manual and mediation practice.
B.Temperature blanket is an innovative knitted product that can reflect the fluctuations of temperature throughout the year.
C.Her club attracts a large number of crafts and knitting lovers.
D.Samantha Brunson's club is not merely a yarn store; art of knitting is peripheral concerns in her club.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。题干:以下哪一项关于萨曼莎·布伦森俱乐部的说法是不正确的? A项“来访者定期来这里做手工并进行冥想”,根据选项关键词come fairly regularly定位到第一段第一句...she began to notice how many people started coming regularly and thought of knitting as a meditative practice(她开始注意到有人开始定期来参加,并把编织当成一种冥想练习)可知,A项是原文内容的同义表述,正确。 B项“温度毯是一种能够反映全年温度波动的编织创新产品”,根据选项关键词temperature blanket定位到第三段,根据该段第二句These are blankets where the knitter takes the temperature from each day in the year and correlates it to a color so you can visually gauge what the year looks like(编织者在这些毯子上获取一年中每天的温度,并将其与颜色联系起来,这样你就可以直观地判断一年中的温度)可知,B项是对原文的概括总结,正确。 C项“她的俱乐部吸引了大量的手工艺和编织爱好者”,根据第一段第二句With an average of around 20 people at each event, ...(她举办的每场活动平均有二十人参加……)以及第四段首句With around 40 million Americans being active as knitters, ...(美国大约有四千万名活跃的编织者……),不能得出“萨曼莎的俱乐部吸引了大量的手工艺和编织爱好者”这一结论,C项属于无中生有,错误。 D项“萨曼莎·布伦森的俱乐部不仅仅是一家纱线商店;编织艺术是她俱乐部的次要业务”,由文章第二段内容可知,许多人经常光顾她的编织俱乐部,它是这个城市为数不多的专门从事编织艺术和工艺的社会团体之一,它不仅是一家纱线商店——在这方面,它的功能很像一个读书俱乐部,人们在这里聊生活,同时也尝试新事物,包括图案和纱线。该段指出除编织艺术本身之外,它的功能更像是一家读书俱乐部,充当人们交流的平台。故D项是原文的同义表述,正确。 综上分析,本题选C。
18. The underlined paragraph is written to ______.
A.explain how knitting benefit ordinary people
B.highlight ordinary people's fascination with knitting
C.show the popularity of knitting festivals and conference around the world
19. Which of the following products is more suitable for people with limited knitting skill? ______
A.Patented fibers.
B.Heart Heat Wave.
C.EZ Wool.
D.Temperature blankets.
A B C D
C
[解析] 细节题。题干:以下哪一种产品更适合编织技能有限的人? 该题的关键词是people with limited knitting skill,其对应文中的“non-crafters”,根据题干关键词定位到第四段最后两句Also new to the market is Bernat's EZ Wool, which have large pre-purled loops so knitters can easily loop them without using needles. The latter is ideal for those who consider themselves "non-crafters" (Bernat的EZ Wool也是新产品,它有很大的预扣环,所以编织者不用针就可以很容易地扣上。后者是那些认为自己是“非手工艺者”的人的理想选择),这里the latter指代前文提到的新产品EZ Wool。 由第三段和第四段可知,temperature blankets和Heart Heat Wave更适合会编织的人,B、D两项属于正反混淆,排除;而patented fibers是第四段提到的第一款新产品Heart Heat Wave中使用的材料,与题干内容无关。 综上分析,本题选C。
20. What function of knitting is emphasized in this passage? ______
A.Increasing social interaction.
B.Exercising the brain.
C.Therapeutic function.
D.Contemplating function.
A B C D
A
[解析] 推断题。题干:本文强调了编织的哪些功能? 文章开头就提到Samantha Brunson因编织的流行创立了crafting and social club(手工制作及社交俱乐部),接着由编织俱乐部着手进一步介绍了手工编织目前的流行情况,文章最后两段呼应开头,再次提到编织对社交的影响,编织者会在Instagram上分享自己的编织之旅(倒数第二段)以及编织俱乐部的兴起带给人们新的社交体验(最后一段)。因此,可以推出本文强调的是编织的社交功能,A项“增加社交”是对本文的适度推断。 B项“锻炼大脑”,文章虽提到有人通过编织来冥想,但并没有指出冥想能够锻炼大脑,该项属于无中生有,故排除;C项“治疗作用”,文章在倒数第三段第一句提到Recent research shows that the craft has a measurable effect on lowering both anxiety and stress(最近的研究表明,这种手工对降低焦虑和压力有明显的效果),但结合整篇文章来看,并非重点强调内容,故排除;D项“冥想功能”,文章虽提及编织的冥想功能,但其并不是文章强调的重点。 综上分析,本题选A。