银符考试题库-在线练习-硕士研究生英语学位模拟1

硕士研究生英语学位模拟1

PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION

Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

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A.The woman has one child.
B.The woman hires a baby-sitter.
C.The woman would rather go out to work.
D.The man is talking to this wife.

A B C D

[解析]
M: Why don't you get a job and hire a baby-sitter? Then you wouldn't have to worry about your kids.
W: You try to tell my husband that. He won't allow me to work. He says I have to stay home until my sons go to school.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?

A.She shares the man's opinion.
B.It is impossible for them to attend the meeting.
C.There is plenty of food available at the Party.
D.There is too much work to do at the moment.

A B C D

[解析]
M: At any rate, these fellows will never reach the summit.
W: You can't be too sure of that, I'm afraid. There's a great deal at stake.
Q: What does the woman mean?

A.He is getting married.
B.He is from Medico.
C.He is good at cooking.
D.His wife is a good cook.

A B C D

[解析]
W: It smells delicious. What is it?
M: It's a Mexican dish. Very special.
W: You'll be a good husband to some lucky woman.
Q: What does the woman mean?

A.She did many wrong things.
B.She had a quarrel with the man.
C.She hasn't finished her homework yet.
D.She is too much behind the schedule.

A B C D

[解析]
M: Well, tell me what this girl has done to make you so angry with her.
W: What hasn't she done!
Q: Why was the woman angry with the girl?

A.It's good for shopping without the personal service there.
B.Shopping at supermarkets could also be time-consuming.
C.It takes less time to buy what you want at supermarkets.
D.There is a great variety of goods and commodities.

A B C D

[解析]
W: Aren't supermarkets a blessing? Everything under one roof.
M: Yes, I must say though, I sometimes miss the personal service. I've been looking for tea for at least five minutes.
Q: What does the man think of supermarkets?

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A.A floor walker.
B.A store detective.
C.A policewoman.
D.A customer.

A B C D

[解析]
M: I overheard you talking about shoplifting, I'm a store detective.
W: Really? Well, I'd hate to get anyone into trouble, but we did see that woman in the blue coat putting some things into her bag.
Q: Who is the person the man is talking to?

A.He's the strongest among the employees.
B.He makes nobody like him.
C.He hates working too hard.
D.He hopes everyone works as hard as he does.

A B C D

[解析]
W: Don works his people hard, doesn't he?
M: It seems that way to me. He's a strong, hard worker himself. He expects his employees to be the same way. He doesn't realize we're not all like him.
Q: What does the man say about Don?

A.He has got some trouble in his feet.
B.He is now one foot taller than before.
C.He has one more foot.
D.He made his mother shocked and sad.

A B C D

[解析]
M: What's the matter?
W: Oh, dear, it's my favorite nephew. He's got three feet.
M: Three feet? Surely that's not possible.
W: Well, his mother has just written to tell me he's grown another foot!
Q: What can we conclude about her nephew?

A.To bring some gift for her birthday.
B.To join the party and be on time.
C.To find the way to her place by himself.
D.To push the bell with a little more force.

A B C D

[解析]
W: Care to come to my birthday on Saturday, Jim?
M: Thanks, Mary. Where do you live?
W: No.38, London Road. Just push the bell with your elbow.
M: Why with my elbow?
W: You're not coming empty-handed, are you?
Q: What does the woman expect the man to do?

Section B
Directions: In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

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1. Why did the speaker go to a cafe?

A.He wanted to find a place to read his papers.
B.He wanted to kill time before boarding the plane.
C.He felt thirsty and wanted some coffee.
D.He went there to meet his friends.

A B C D

[解析] 10-12
I had to go to Amsterdam last week for a conference. I arrived at the airport in plenty of time and checked in. But I only had one small case, so I decided to take it on the plane as hand luggage. As the flight was not due to board for 45 minutes, I went to a cafe, sat down and ordered a cup of coffee.
While I was sitting there, drinking my coffee and reading the paper, I was vaguely aware of a woman and her child coming to sit at the next table. I did not pay much attention to them though. And when my flight was called, I reached for my case and left.
An hour later, the plane was in the air and I decided to look at the conference programme to see what I wanted to attend. Imagine my surprise when I opened the case and found that it was full of picture books and children's toys. And imagine what the woman must have thought about a case full of men's clothes and scientific papers.

10. Why did the speaker go to a cafe?

2. What was in the speaker's case?

A.Toys for children.
B.Important documents.
C.Fed and coffee.
D.Clothes and scientific papers.

A B C D

[解析] What was in the speaker's case?

3. What did the speaker find out on board the plane?

A.The woman took his case on purpose.
B.All his papers had been stolen.
C.He had taken the woman's case.
D.The woman played a joke on him.

A B C D

[解析] What did the speaker find out on board the plane?

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4. What is the passage mainly about?

A.The liberation movement of British women.
B.Rapid economic development in Britain.
C.Changing attitudes to family life.
D.Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.

A B C D

[解析] 13-15
There are many reasons why family life in Britain has changed so much in the last 50 years. The liberation of women in the early part of the 20th century and social and economic effects of World War Ⅱ had a great impact on traditional family life. Women became essential to industry and professions. During the war, they had worked in factories and proved their worth. Now with the loss of millions of men their service was indispensable to the nation.
More recently great advances in scientific knowledge and particularly in medicine have had enormous social consequences. Children are better cared for and are far healthier. Infant death rate was low. Above all, parents now can plan the size of their family if they wish to by more effective means of birth control.
Different attitudes to religion, authority and tradition generally have also contributed to changes in family life. But these developments have affected all aspects of society. It is particularly interesting to know that the concept of the family as a social unit has survived all these challenges.

13. What is the passage mainly about?

5. Why did British women become indispensable to industry after World War Ⅱ?

A.Because millions of men died in the war.
B.Because women had proved their worth.
C.Because women were more skillful than men.
D.Because factories preferred to employ women.

A B C D

[解析] Why did British women become indispensable to industry after World War Ⅱ?

6. What remained unchanged in spite of all the challenges in family life?

A.The concept of "the family" as a social unit.
B.The attitudes to birth control.
C.The attitudes to religion.
D.The ideas of authority and tradition.

A B C D

[解析] What remained unchanged in spite of all the challenges in family life?

Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a talk. Answer the questions below. You will hear the recording twice. At the end of the talk there will be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked to write down your answers briefly on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions below.

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1. For the purpose of making weather maps, information will be sent to______.

Washington

[解析] 16-20
Weather stations report daily atmospheric conditions to Washington for the making of weather maps. About a hundred years after the invention of the barometer, Benjamin Franklin first noted that certain storms had a rotary motion and that in the eastern portion of the United States they traveled in a northeaster direction. This observation and the invention of the barometer led to the establishment of our Weather Bureau. In order to prepare the necessary maps, the weatherman must have accurate information from all parts of the country. At eight o'clock every morning the telegraph companies permit the use of their wires by nearly 3,500 weather observers scattered all over this country, Canada, and the West Indies to send messages to Washington. These reports give the barometer readings, temperatures, wind directions and speed, sky conditions, and the amount of rain or snow. They are then charted on the weather maps and, within two hours after the information has been received at Washington, maps are being sent to about sixteen hundred distributing points by radio, telegraph, telephone, and mail. The forecasts reach nearly ninety thousand addresses daily by mail, the greater part being delivered early in the day and none later, as a rule, than 6 p.m. of the date of issue. They are available to more than 5,500,000 telephone subscribers within an hour of the time of issue.

2. The establishment of the Weather Bureau was made possible by the invention of______.

a barometer

3. People who send accurate information to Washington are 3,500______.

weather observers

4. The number of distributing points for weather maps is______.

1,600

5. Generally, the forecasts should be delivered none later than______.

6p.m.

PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY

Section A
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

1. Many people came to donate blood of their own accord.

A.willingly
B.for their own sake
C.of their own
D.without the help of others

A B C D

[解析] of one's own accord“出于自愿的”，willingly“自动的”，for one's own sake“为了他们自己的缘故”。

2. We were all annoyed by the two girls who talked incessantly during the lecture.

A.rudely
B.endlessly
C.loudly
D.noisily

A B C D

[解析] incessantly“不断地，不停地”，故endlessly“不间断地”正好相同，因此选B。

3. The number of hours that have intervened between the accident and operation is a crucial factor.

A.interfered
B.interlaced
C.interposed
D.interlinked.

A B C D

[解析] “介于事故和手术之间的时间长度是个关键因素”，只有A项interfered“干预，干扰，介入”与intervene吻合，故选A。其余选项都不合适，interlace“交织，交错”，interpose“提出”，interlink“连接，连环”。

4. Probably there's a good reason for her absence, as she doesn't usually stay away from work.

A.Conspicuously
B.Prospectively
C.Incidentally
D.Presumably

A B C D

[解析] 只有D项presumably“大概”符合题意。conspicuously“显著地，招人眼地”，prospectively“预期地，有希望地”，incidentally“顺便地”。

5. Her instructions are so complicated that I cannot deduce from them what she wants.

A.outline
B.infer
C.subtract
D.persuade

A B C D

[解析] outline“总结”subtract“抽取”，persuade“劝说”，只有B项infer“推论，推断”符合题意。

6. He realized that Marcel was availing himself of this opportunity to make friends.

A.failing to pay for
B.affording
C.were being kept from
D.taking advantage of

A B C D

[解析] 只有D项taking advantage of“利用(机会)”符合题意。fail to pay for“支付不起”，afford“提供，支付得起”， be kept from“远离”。

7. All the students in this university are requested to comply with the regulations.

A.required
B.demanded
C.ordered
D.expected

A B C D

[解析] require“请求，要求”，与本题的划线词request的意思相同。request还含“有礼貌的请求”之意，而demand虽也有“要求，需要”之意，但是指坚决、强硬地要求，往往带有命令的口吻。

8. He is a well-trained musician who can perceive very small differences in sound.

A.appreciate
B.understand
C.conceive
D.find

A B C D

[解析] find“发现”，与本题划线词perceive的意思接近。conceive有“构想，构思”之意。

9. He demanded that effective measures be taken to put an end to cheating in exams.

A.hoped
B.urged
C.persuaded
D.convinced

A B C D

[解析] urge含有“竭力主张，强烈要求”之意，与本题划线词demand的意思相同。persuade意为“劝说，说服”。convince有“说服，使信服”之意。

10. The lawyer conceded that her statement was true.

A.proved
B.doubted
C.denied
D.admitted

A B C D

[解析] admit“允许，承认”与本题划线词concede的意思相近。

Section B
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine -scoring Answer Sheet.

1. She is______a musician than her brother.

A.much of
B.more of
C.much as
D.more as

A B C D

[解析] more of意为“更大程度上的……”，例如：He is more of a poet than a musician.与其说他是个音乐家还不如说他是个诗人。much of表示“了不起的，十分好的”。通常用于否定句或疑问句，例如：He isn't much of an actor．他不是什么了不起的演员。More as句型结构并不存在。much as表示“非常像，和……几乎一样。”例如：Plants need food，much as animals do．植物需要养料，几乎和动物一样。

2. I______the chocolate bar and gave each child a small piece.

A.broken in
B.broke through
C.broke up
D.broke down

A B C D

[解析] break in意为“闯入，打断”。break through意为“突破，冲垮”；break down意为“破除，制服，失败，垮下来”；break up意为“打碎，结束”。

3. It was dreadful to find oneself______in such a place.

A.lonely
B.alone
C.lone
D.lonesome

A B C D

[解析] alone意为“孤单一个人”，指独自一人无他人陪伴，只作表语。例如：He is all alone by himself．他俨然独自一人。lonely意为“寂寞的，孤独的”，指独自一人，无依无靠而感到寂寞、冷清，含有渴望获得陪伴的意思，例如：She lived a lonely life in the country．她在乡下过着孤独的生活。lone意为“孤零零的一个，孤单”，用于诗歌中，比alone语气强，只能作定语，例如：There is no life On that 10ne island．在那孤岛上没有生命。lonesome意为“感到寂寞的，冷清的”，与lonely近义，但指分离或剥夺后的忧伤，含义更为痛切。例如：He felt lonesome without anybody round him．周围空无一人，他感到非常寂寞。

4. This detective story might not be______interesting to keep the child awake.

A.enough
B.adequately
C.amply
D.sufficiently

A B C D

[解析] sufficiently意为“足够地”，指数量充足，可满足物质上或精神上的需要，多用于程度方面。enough意为“足够的”指数量足够或充分，满足物质上的需要，多用于量的方面。例如：We have enough money to buy a car．adequately意为“足够地，充分地”，指数量或其他方面能够满足需要，符合一定的标准，且没有富余。我们有足够的钱买一部车。amply意为“广泛地，充足地”。

5. I was advised______for reservation.

A.to either telephone or to write to the hotel
B.either to telephone or to write to the hotel
C.that I should telephone or either write to the hotel
D.I ought either to telephone or write to the hotel

A B C D

[解析] either…or…是复合并列连接词，它连接的两个成分词性和结构上要求对等。复合并列连接词还有not only...but also...，both...and...，neither...nor...等。

6. If the president can stop the war, his domestic______will be enormously strengthened.

A.career
B.position
C.profession
D.occupation

A B C D

[解析] position含有“地位，身份，职位”之意。career意为“经历，职业”。profession 表示“职业，同行”。occupation意为“占领，占有，职业”。

7. He preferred to write the letter by hand______.

A.to typing it
B.than type it
C.to type it
D.rather than type it

A B C D

[解析] Prefer to do…rather than do…的结构意思是“喜欢……而不喜欢……”。

8. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total______for living expenses.

A.acceptable
B.applicable
C.advisable
D.available

A B C D

[解析] available意为“现成可使用的，可利用的”。例如：All the available money has been used．手头所有钱都用完了。acceptable意为“可取的”。applicable意为“可应用的，合适的”。

9. The ship will have to______from the shore until this storm passes.

A.hold in
B.hold up
C.hold off
D.hold onto

A B C D

[解析] hold off意为“保持一定距离，(使)不接近”。例如：His high rank and chilly manner held people off．他高贵的地位及冷淡的态度使人们不敢接近他。hold in“约束，克制，保持沉默”。例如：hold in one's anger忍住怒火。hold up“举起，抬起，提起”。例如：hold up one's head昂起头。hold onto无此搭配。

10. Olivia obviously had no______of doing any work that day, although it was only a week before the Proficiency Test.

A.ambition
B.will
C.intention
D.desire

A B C D

[解析] have no intention of doing sth.“无意做某事，没有打算做某事”。ambition意为“雄心，野心”。will含有“意愿，渴望”之意。desire意为“希望，强烈的欲望”，常与for搭配使用。

PART Ⅲ CLOZE
Directions:There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Gradually, without seeing it clearly for quite a while, I came to realize that something is very wrong with the way American women are trying to live their lives today. I sensed it first as a 1 mark in my own life, as a wife and mother of three small children, half-guiltily, and therefore half-heartedly using my abilities and education in work that took me 2 home. It was this personal question mark that led me to spend a great deal of time doing an intensive investigation of my college classmates, 15 years 3 our graduation from Smith. The answers given by 200 women to those intimate open-ended questions made me realize that 4 was wrong could not be related to education in the way it was then believed to be. The problems and satisfaction of their lives, and mine, and the way our education had 5 them, simply did not fit the image of the modern American woman 6 she was written about in women's magazines, studied and analyzed in classrooms and clinics, praised and damned in a ceaseless barrage of wards ever since the end of World War Ⅱ. There was a strange disagreement 7 the reality of our lives as women and the image to which we were trying to 8 , the image that I came to call the feminine mystique. I wondered if women 9 this schizophrenic split(精神分裂症), and what it meant. And so I began to hunt down the origins of the feminine mystique, and its effect on women who 10 it, or grew up under it.

A.question
B.dark
C.significant
D.quotation

A B C D

[解析] 从后面It was this personal question mark that…看出此处应填question。

A.far from
B.close to
C.away from
D.next to

A B C D

[解析] far from表示“远离……”，通常指物理意义上的很远的距离；take away from“把……从……带走”，即工作使我照顾不了家庭。close to“接近”，next to“邻近”，与句意矛盾。

A.later
B.after
C.before
D.at

A B C D

[解析] “大学毕业后15年”，应用after。later后不能再加名词。

A.which
B.what
C.it
D.that

A B C D

[解析] what was wrong相当于一个名词，在从句中充当主语。引导名词性从句应用what。

A.originated from
B.contributed to
C.compared with
D.stood for

A B C D

[解析] 主语为our education，宾语为them(the problems and satisfaction of...)，所以应填“引起”、“造成”或“促使”等意义的词，contributed to。

A.while
B.which
C.for
D.as

A B C D

[解析] as表达“像……一样……”。这里表达的意思是“像在妇女杂志上所描述的当代妇女的形象”，因此D项是正确答案。

A.between
B.with
C.from
D.hat

A B C D

[解析] 由后面的and确定此处应填between，表示在两者之间。

A.apply
B.refer
C.conform
D.prefer

A B C D

[解析] 介词to前置，故填入的动词要与to搭配构成短语。apply to“向……申请”；refer to“提及”；conform to“遵从，遵照”；prefer to“更喜欢”。根据上下文，应该选择C。

A.doubted
B.faced
C.called
D.divided

A B C D

[解析] doubted“对……表示怀疑”；faced“面对，面临”；called“称呼”；divided“分开，隔开”。

10.

A.live by
B.appeal to
C.write about
D.keep off

A B C D

[解析] live by在此意为“她们以此为生存准则”。appeal to“求助或某物吸引某人”；
write about“写(什么内容)”；keep off“避开，挡开”。

PART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSION
Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Money may not be flowing much in Thailand's capital these days, but something more unlikely is traffic. Motorists like to joke that it took the International Monetary Fund to unclog Bangkok's notoriously jammed thoroughfares.
Before the economy crashed last summer, Bangkok was famous for its round-the-clock gridlock. Stories of how people coped became urban lore. Thais bought custom-made vans equipped with TVs and microwave ovens. On the endless trips home after school and work, parents would serve family dinners, then the kids would do their homework and change into pajamas before finally arriving. One company did a booming business in plastic disposable toilets. Consumers could get just about anything, from McDonald's hamburgers to prescription medicine, delivered via motorbike.
The solution for easing congestion turned out to be simple: economic catastrophe. Rising fuel costs, coupled with lost jobs and declining incomes, mean people are making fewer trips. About 20,000 cars have been repossessed, while new-car buying has dwindled from about 900 a day a year ago to just 300 now. Bus rider ship is up; taxi trips are down. So many cabbies are having trouble making enough fares to cover gas and car rental that hundreds of taxis are sitting idle every day.
Thinner wallets also mean people are spending less time in bars, restaurants, movie theaters and shopping malls. Instead, they're staying home.
The government, much maligned in the past for botching up mass transit construction, deserves credit as well. New expressways have opened, and some of the construction that has blocked traffic lanes for years has been cleared. The good times may not last, however, at least for motorists. If traffic flow is in fact a reliable economic indicator, Thailand may be on the rebound. "The last few days," says taxi driver Boonlarb Srikam, "I've noticed the traffic getting busy again." Bring out those portable toilets.

1. According to the passage, they can do all of the following in their vans EXCEPT______.

A.watching TV
B.having meals
C.doing homework
D.taking showers

A B C D

[解析] 依据文章第二段，泰国人可以在车上吃饭，做功课，但不包括洗澡。显然选择D。

2. The author mentions a company that sells disposable toilets in order to show that______.

A.Thais spend long hours in their cars
B.traffic jams are good for the economy
C.the IMF makes unreasonable demands
D.Thais are very innovative people

A B C D

[解析] 文章第二段的论述归纳起来便是说明泰国人在车上停留的时间很长。而选项B，C，D的说法均不符合题意。因此答案是A。

3. According to the passage, Thais are taking trips less often for all of the following reasons EXCEPT______.

A.congested streets
B.more expensive gasoline
C.widespread unemployment
D.reduced incomes

A B C D

[解析] 文中第三段说，“The solution for easing congestion mean people are making fewer trips”，泰国人不常旅行的原因是经济危机，因此正确答案是A。

4. By saying that the good times may not last "at least for motorists," the author suggests that______.

A.good times for traffic are not necessarily good times for the economy
B.traffic flow is not a reliable economic indicator
C.new expressways may soon deteriorate
D.drives do not want the economy to improve

A B C D

[解析] 依据文中最后一段，“If traffic flow is in fact a reliable economic indicator，Thailand may be on the rebound(如果车流真的是可靠的经济指标，那泰国可能在复苏中)”，正确答案应为A。

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the Thai economy______.

A.suffers from poor infrastructure
B.is showing signs of recovery
C.is driven by automobile manufacturing
D.won't enjoy good times much longer

A B C D

[解析] 从最后一段，“I've noticed the traffic getting busy again”可以看出，泰国经济确有复苏的迹象。因此答案是B。

6. The word "portable" in the last sentence probably means______.

A.endurable
B.light
C.clean
D.nice

A B C D

[解析] portable意为“轻便的，便携式的”，这里用来形容一种轻便的厕所。四个选项中只有B项，“light”的意思较为接近。

Passage Two
War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守卫地盘的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical patterns within which human violence has been directed.
The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.
The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus while the one protects the individual from violence; the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community's deepest religious and ethical commitments.

7. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that______.

A.it threatens the existing social systems
B.it is influenced by society
C.it has roots in religious conflicts
D.it is directed against institutions of law

A B C D

[解析] 依据第一段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性就是它是“a learned behavior”。可以知道本题的答案应该就在第一段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：“The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior”将其定型为侵略性行为，因此应选B。

8. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is______.

A.to control violence within a society
B.to protect the world from chaos
C.to free society from the idea of revenge
D.to give the government absolute power

A B C D

[解析] 第二段的第一句话“The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law”，由此看出答案是A。

9. What does the author mean by saying "... in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused" (Para. 2)?

A.Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.
B.Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personal basis.
C.Victims of violence find it more difficult to take revenge.
D.Punishment is not carried out directly by the individuals involved.

A B C D

[解析] 解题时要注意题干中这句话开头的“but”一词，既然该句是由but引导的转折，则上文往往是理解该题的关键。在上面一句中，作者提到在部落社会中，对犯罪者的审判和惩罚往往由家族进行，接下来话锋一转，说在法律系统中，这种报复的责任已经非个人化了、分散了，也就是说，不是由所涉及的个人来进行，故正确答案是D。

10. The world "allegiance" (Para, 3) is closest in meaning to______.

A.loyalty
B.objective
C.survival
D.motive

A B C D

[解析] 在“allegiance”前后的两个主词分别是commitment和sacrifice，应能判断出这三个词相对于国家而言是同一类词，再利用排除法，不难选出正确答案是A。

11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A.Governments tend to abuse their supreme Power in times of war.
B.In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.
C.In times of war governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.
D.Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war.

A B C D

[解析] 最后一段的主旨较为明显，说的是国家司法机器的另一方面，即军事机器，开头第二句说得很明确，这一方面是为了国家的利益而牺牲个人，因此正确选项是D。

12. Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Human violence cannot be simply reduced to an instinct.
B.Religious traditions have played an important role in directing the powers of violence.
C.Either in family groups or in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge is coincident.
D.The war tests a community's deepest religious and ethical commitments.

A B C D

[解析] A，C，D基本上可以从原文找到相应的表述。正确答案是B，因为原文在第二段中提到：Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense．But in legal systems，the becomes depersonalized and diffused．显然，部落社会和司法体系在对犯罪问题的处理上是不一致的。可参见59题的解析。

Passage Three
Tom Brennan was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.
This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure—a 120-page diary kept 190 years ago by Deborah Logan, "a woman who knew everybody in her day," James Green, the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.
Most of the diary was a record of big events in Philadelphia. It also included a description of British soldiers burning Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812. She described President James Madison on horseback as "perfectly shaking with fear" during the troubled days. George Washington, she wrote, mistook her for the wife of a French man, and praised her excellent English.
The adventure of the lost book began September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor to the Library Company, which he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary.
Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession "about five minutes" when Luxmoore took it back because he had promise to show it to one other person. On returning to his hotel after showing the precious book to Green, Luxmoore was shocked to realize that he had left it in the taxi.
Without any delay, Green began calling every taxi company in the city, with no luck. "I've felt sick since then," Luxmoore told reporters.
According to Green, no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building. Tom Brennan received a reward of $1000, Philadelphia gained another treasure for its history, and Luxmoore told reporters, "It's wonderful news. I'm on high."

13. This article mainly tells about the story of______.

A.a lost diary
B.Deborah Logan
C.Cory Luxmoore
D.the Library Company

A B C D

[解析] 综合全文，文章讲述的是关于一本日记的故事，显然选项B，C，D不符合题意，正确答案只能是A。

14. From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by______.

A.Tom Brennan
B.an unknown person
C.a Philadelphia magazine
D.the Library Company of Philadelphia

A B C D

[解析] 依据文章第四段，日记目前是属于费城图书馆有关部门的，选项中只有D是正确的。

15. Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because______.

A.it was written in Philadelphia
B.it tells stories about Philadelphia
C.people in the city are interested in old things
D.the British and the Americans once fought in Philadelphia

A B C D

[解析] 根据文中内容可推知，费城之所以被认为是此日记的最好归宿，是因为日记记载的是在费城发生的故事。因此答案是B。

16. How many Presidents had been mentioned in the diary?

A.One
B.Two
C.Three
D.Four

A B C D

[解析] 根据文中内容，日记中提到了James Madison和George Washington这两位总统，故选B。

17. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary?
a. Tom Brennan found the book in an office building.
b. The book was shown to James Green.
c. Cory Luxmoore arrived from England.
d. The book was left behind in a taxi.

A.a, b,c,d
B.c,b, d, a
C.a, c, d,b
D.c, a,b,d

A B C D

[解析] 对照文章，四个选项的排列顺序很容易看出，显然选项D是对的。

18. What did Cory Luxmoore mean when he said "I'm on high"?

A.I'm rich.
B.I'm famous.
C.I'm excited.
D.I'm lucky.

A B C D

[解析] 从文章最后一段不难看出，这本日记失而复得与rich，famous无关，与lucky也不相符，故选项C的说法是正确的。

Passage Four
We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. One might say, "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?" "When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And Paul—why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.
Why are we wrong about our friends—or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone says to you, "You are a lucky dog". There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" he puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thanking for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you have not got a date for Saturday night.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says square with his tone of voice, his posture, the look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
Therefore, when you hear some one saying, please try to know what he really means. Don't just listen to what he says with your ears but feel the words he uses with your head. In this way you may make fewer mistakes.

19. In the first paragraph, the writer refers to "most mistakes are about people." What is the meaning of this sentence?

A.It is often that people cannot understand the real meaning behind someone's words.
B.People usually tell lies.
C.People always doubt each other.
D.People don't like to listen to someone's talks.

A B C D

[解析] 第二段中提到“Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning．And if we don't really listen，we miss the feeling behind the words.”因此，在人际交往方面，我们最常见的错误是不能很好地理解对方的言外之意。四个选项中只有A符合题意。

20. In the first paragraph, the writer recalls some things that happened between him and his friends. He______.

A.feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him.
B.feels he may not have "read" his friends true feelings correctly.
C.thinks it was a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend, Helen.
D.is sorry that his friends let him down.

A B C D

[解析] 从第一段“When we look back，doubts like these can make us feel bad.”，我们不难看出作者认为自己并没有真正理解他朋友的意思，而其他三个选项的理解都是有误的。故正确答案为B。

21. In the second paragraph, the writer talks about someone saying "You are a lucky dog." He is saying that______.

A.the speaker of this sentence is just being friendly.
B."dog" can't be used to refer to people.
C.this saying means the same as "You are a lucky guy" or "you are a lucky gal."
D.sometimes the words used by a speaker give a clue to the feeling behind the words.

A B C D

[解析] 文中并没有说到“狗”不能用来指代人，所以排除B，而A，C的意思都是认为他的朋友在羡慕他，夸他，但从“But bringing in the ‘dog' he put you down a little．What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck”就可得出他的朋友并不是真正是这个意思，所以选D。

22. This passage tries to tell you how to______.

A.avoid mistakes about money and friends
B."size up" people
C.avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
D.keep people friendly without trusting them

A B C D

[解析] 文中第五段告诉我们应真正地去懂得他人话语的真正意思，只有这样才能避免犯错，而其他三个选项都不符合此意，故答案C为正确答案。

23. In listening to a person the important thing is

A.to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye______.
B.to listen to how he pronounces his words
C.to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture
D.not to believe what he says

A B C D

[解析] 题干问的是听一个人讲话最重要的是什么?从文中第四段可得出是他说话的方式，口气，姿势等，所以答案C为正确答案。

24. In order to know what he says, the writer wants us to

A.feel his words
B.repeat his words
C.just listen to his words
D.ignore his words

A B C D

[解析] 文中第五段的“Don't just listen to what he says with your ears but feel the words he uses with your head.”作者是在告诉我们要用大脑去思考，去体会别人所说的话，而B项指重复他人的话，C项指听一听别人所说的话，D项指不理会别人说的话，都不对，故选A。

Passage Five
Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest of insights. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all.
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than get a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.

25. Which of the following assumptions about early humans is expressed in the passage?

A.They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.
B.They thought there was no need to cultivate crops.
C.They did not enjoy the study of botany.
D.They placed great importance on the ownership of property.

A B C D

[解析] 本题提问的具体细节是哪一种假设符合早期人类对植物属性的认识。文章的第一段第三句话对这个细节做出了解释。由此可得出下列假设：早期人类可能有着广泛的植物知识。A项符合原文的意思。

26. What does the comment" this is logical "in line 5 mean?

A.There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor's knowledge of plants.
B.It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.
C.It is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved very much like people in pre-industrial societies.
D.Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.

A B C D

[解析] 联系上下文，寻找该代词先行词，this指前面的一句话：“人们对于植物及其属性情况的了解很早就开始了”是合乎逻辑的，故正确答案是B。

27. In line 17, what is the author's purpose in mentioning "a rose, an apple, or an orchid"?

A.To make the passage more poetic.
B.To cite examples of plants that are attractive.
C.To give botanical examples that all readers will recognize.
D.To illustrate the diversity of botanical life.

A B C D

[解析] 作者列举三种植物的目的在下文已做出解释，旨在论证人们对植物及其属性的了解是无意识的一种认识，故正确答案是C。

28. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?

A.The invention of agricultural implements and machinery.
B.The development of a system of names for plants.
C.The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.
D.The changing diets of early humans.

A B C D

[解析] 该题为细节题，提问的具体细节是人类迈向农业的第一步是什么，文章的第二段第三句话对这个细节作了解释，据此判定，正确答案为C：发现植物能被收获并再次耕种，是人类迈向农业的第一步。A、B、D项所述的内容则与原文不符。

29. The relationship between botany and agriculture is similar to the relationship between zoology (the study of animals) and______.

A.deer hunting
B.bird watching
C.sheep raising
D.horseback riding

A B C D

[解析] 求解本题的关键在于搞清植物学与农业的关系，然后从四个答案中找出与之相似的一对关系。植物学是对植物进行的学术研究；农业则是对植物的实际人工利用，人经过自己的劳动，生产出植物作为食物，并使之造福于人类。根据这种关系，动物学是对动物的研究。比较四个选择答案，只有C项sheep raising(养羊)可与之相配。因为养羊是对动物的一种实际人工利用。

30. Why do tribes living in the jungles of the Amazon recognize so many plants?

A.Because plants have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, especially to those ancient tribes.
B.Because their memory are very excellent.
C.Because there are many plants growing in the Amazon.
D.Because they recognize it as a special branch of knowledge.

A B C D

[解析] 从第一段最后几句可以看出，亚马逊河流域古老部落的成员能辨别大量的植物主要是因为植物对他们的生活很重要，能给他们提供食物、服装、武器、住所等。因此，四个选项中只有A符合题意。

PART Ⅴ TRANSLATION

1. Section A
Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
An important clue to the understanding of Australia is the ecosystem. An ecosystem is a collection of different living and non-living things which are found together and which depend on each other. The sun's energy is necessary to make the ecosystem work, and, as well, the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and twelve other elements in smaller amounts, are needed to be continually cycled in the ecosystem.

了解澳大利亚的关键在于它的生态系统。生态系统，就是各种不同的有生命的和无生命的物体汇集在一起并相互依存的集合。太阳能是使这种生态系统运作必需的，碳、氢、氧、氮等元素和少量其他12种元素也需要在这个生态系统中继续循环。

2. Section B
Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
春节是中国人家庭团圆和举办特别活动的喜庆日子。北方的哈尔滨市举办冰雕展览。南方正是杜鹃花和桃花盛开的时节，所以广州举办一年一度的花市。长达7个小时的春节联欢晚会，收看的观众之多，居然远远超过美国收看美式超级杯季后赛的观众。

Spring Festival is a time for family reunions in China，and special events．The nor them city of Harbin features an exhibition of ice sculptures．In the south，azalea and peach trees are in bloom，SO the city of Guangzhou hosts an annual Flower Fair．A seven-hour long New Year's Eve television extravaganza attracts a larger audience than even the America's Super Bowl!

PART Ⅵ WRITING
Directions： Write a composition of approximately 150 words according to the topic given below. Write your article on the Answer Sheet.

1. Topic: A great number of people think that those with university education should get higher pay than those without, for they believe that the former have sweated and sacrificed more. To what extent do you agree with this point of view?

Many people believe that those who received higher education should earn, far more than those who have not，because the former have exerted more efforts than the latter．Personally I do not agree with this opinion，for the following reasons：
In the first place，one's individual income does not wholly reflect the extent to which one's self-value and social value are realized．A person who has received higher education may offer more social value than one who has not．Economists and merchants may serve as in the economic sphere．Nevertheless，the former might create more economic returns for society，while the latter might bring himself more economic profits．Although the economist may not be as wealthy as the merchant，his work is more meaningful to the society he lives in．
In the second place，some people who has admirable capabilities have not had the opportunity to receive higher education．Then，after years of exertions and hard struggle，they secure a proper place for themselves in society and realize their own self-value．Such people have received no college education, however, they deserved have earned.
All in all, it is ridiculous to rack one's brains about who, a man with a higher education or another one without it, should earn more money than the other. One's earnings cannot be solely determined by his or her educational background. We should observe what kind of effort a person has made and decide how we are to define "personal income" before finally judging who should earn more.