Section A Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Section B Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. PART Ⅴ TRANSLATION1.
Section A Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Human progress is greatly accelerated by the use of language in cultural transmission; the knowledge and experience acquired by a particular person can be passed on to another in language, so that no amount of demonstration can replace the role of language. In this connection the importance of the invention of printing can never be exaggerated. At the present time the achievements of anyone in any part of the world can be made available and accessible to anyone else able to read and capable of understanding what is involved. From these uses of language, spoken and written, the most developed animal communication system, though given the courtesy title of language, is worlds away.
语言用于文化传播极大地加速了人类的进步。任何一个人积累的知识和经验都可通过语言传给另一人，结果是，再多的演示(示范)也无法取代语言的作用。从此意义上说，发明印刷术的重要性不论怎样夸大都不过分。目前，只要有文化并理解涉及的内容，任何人都能得到和利用世界任何地方的任何成就。最发达的动物交流系统尽管被授予语言的雅号，但同使用口头或笔头语言相比，也有天壤之别。
[解析]
1．第一句中的in cultural transmission说明use的用途，最好不要翻译为“在文化传播当中，人类的进步因使用语言而得到加速”。a particular person的含义不是“一个特殊的人”，而是“某一个人”。
2．no amount of...can...是个很有用的句型，含义是“再多的……也不能”或“不论怎样……都不能”，如no amount of persuasion can change her mind。
3．...can never...too...是个常见的句型，但can never也可接overestimate exaggerate enough等词表示“无论如何……都不算是”，如You can never learn enough．(学东西再多也不够用)。
4．第三句不仅长，而且结构复杂，不容易理解，很多同学考试时未能理解句子的结构，结果错译。句子的主语是achievements，谓语是be made，而available and accessible是宾补，主动形式就是make achievements available and accessible。后面的to anyone接available and accessible，含义是“某人可以利用……”。able to read and capable of understanding...为平行结构，作为定语修饰前面的anyone else，意义是“任何能……的人”。what is involved和含义是“涉及……的内容”。
5．最后一句的句子结构更复杂，大多数同学未能发现词与词之间的关系，结果是近几年统考中翻译得最惨的一句话。有的把from these uses of language翻译为 “从语言的这些使用当中”，还有甚者把...is worlds away翻译成“世界消失”。实际上，这是个倒装句，正常词序是the most developed animal communication system, though given the courtesy title of language, is worlds away from these uses of language, spoken or written。既然be far away from...是“离……很远”，那么be worlds away就是“相差几个世界”。句中spoken or written修饰language，表示“不论”，此用法可参考下面的汉译英说明。
2.
Section B Put the following paragraph into English. 生产相同数量的电，中国消耗的能源是世界平均水平的4倍。从本世纪初开始，增产节能已成为中国政府最关注的事情之一。任何一个国家，不论是中国还是美国，只有为子孙的利益着想才有可能实现持续发展。
To generate(produce)the same amount of electricity, China consumes four times as much energy as the world average(the consumption of energy in China is four times the world average/China consumes three times more energy than...)．Since the outset(turn/beginning)of this century, increasing productivity while conserving energy has been one of the utmost(biggest)concerns of the Chinese government. No country, be it(whether it be)China or the United States, can achieve sustainable development without taking into consideration(account) /giving consideration to the interest of future generations(the offspring)/unless the interest of the offspring is taken into consideration.
[解析]
1．第一句中不能使用for producing...，理由是for doing...不能充当目的状语。因“能源”不可数，不能翻译成the same number...或as many energy as...。倍数的翻译一定要避免汉语句子词序的影响，不能翻译为...energy four times as much as...或four times energy as much as...或...four times of the world average。倍数词除了可直接接量词以外，常见的词序是：动词+倍数+as much(many)+名词+as...．。例如，“我在英语上花的时间是你的二倍”可翻译为I spend twice as much time on English as you do。另外一个值得注意的方面是主语的选择，尽量以动作执行者当主语。翻译这个句子时，尽量不要翻译成the time I spend on English is four times...，不符合习惯用法。所以说，如果把第一句翻译为The energy China consumes is four times as much as the average amount of the world．就是汉语思维，是不可取的。
2．第二句要注意时态。既然是“从本世纪初开始”，就意味着“从……到现在”，就应该想到since，而不是翻译为from the beginning of this century，还要想到 主句用完成时。学生不习惯用名词翻译“最关注的事情”，因此往往首先想到比较级。下列译法要扣分：
has been one of the concern...
...is one of the most concerns...
one of the most concerned things of the government
one of the things...government concerns most
one of the things the government is concerned most/one of the things the government is concerning most/one of the things that concerns...government most
3．can not(不能分开写)，或是can't，或是cannot。
4．翻译“不论”时，需要根据汉语结构采用不同的表达方法，不要见着“不论”就使用no matter。有的参考书把“中国的大部分建筑，不论是写字楼，还是居民楼”翻译为most buildings in China, no matter office buildings or residential buildings，错误太严重了!有关“不论”的多种译法，请看下列句子：
All nations, big or small, are equal in international affairs.
Any language, be it English or Chinese(whether it be English or Chinese)，is an important component of the culture in which it is used.
This issue is discussed by teachers and students alike.
Believe it or not, this is a true account of the accident.
Whether you live downtown or in the suburbs, fresh fruit is easily available all the year round．
Some students tend to take down whatever the professor says at class．
第一句中，两个表示相反意义的形容词用在名词后，常用or连接，偶尔也用and。类似的表达有“所有公民，不论贫富”，或“任何一个中国人，不论老幼”。第二句反映的是另一种句式，特点是句中名词的意义是泛指，随后的两个名词表达泛指范围内的东西，如“任何一所大学，不论是清华还是北大”，此时最好不要使用no matter句式。第三句的特点是在两个表示对立意义的名词后使用alike，表示“都”或“不论是……还是……”。第四句代表一些固定的表达法，类似的句子有rain or shine(不管天气如何)，like it or not(不论你是否喜欢)，for better or for worse(不论是好是坏)。第五句说明的是，只要有whether，就没必要还用no matter。
5．any country...cannot...不符合英文习惯，应该用no country can...。
6．...no country is possible to achieve sustainable development if...(严重错误)
PART Ⅵ WRITING Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of "The Importance of Expensive Reading in Learning English". Your composition should be based on the information given below:1. 1) State how important extensive reading is in the learning of English.
2) Give reasons and examples to support your idea.
深色：已答题 浅色：未答题