Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay arguing that environmental pollution is a criminal behavior. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1. Is Environmental Pollution a Crime? 1.破坏生态环境是一种犯罪行为 2.破坏生态给人类造成经济损失及生存危机 3.保护环境人人有责
Sample Writing Is Environmental Pollution a Crime? When it comes to crimes, we invariably talk about stealing, robbing and killing, and some other offenses, which cause damages to people's possessions and lives and therefore must be punished by law. Probably not many people associate crimes with environmental pollution. But in view of its increasingly serious consequences, pollution is undoubtedly an act that also deserves legal punishment. Anyone who doubts this point needs only to look at what the nature is suffering as a result of man's shortsightedness and greed. Ever since the industrial revolution, man has been slowly poisoning his environment in the mad pursuit of material things. Now the sky is darkening with choking and stinging air hovering over cities; misused insecticides are killing plants and wildlife; Sewage-filled rivers are causing a rapid loss of drinking water and an valuable food supply -- fish. Besides these horrible facts, there is also the enormous financial cost involved in the so-called environmental projects. Take a small paper-making factory as an example. The factory may have provided employment for local people and contributed 100,000 yuan income tax to the society. But on the other hand, it also polluted a river by pouring sewage into it. To save the river, the government may have to spend a million on the sewage-treatment projects. So there is no overestimating the losses pollution is causing, both direcdy and indirectly, to human beings. And there is certainly no exaggeration in considering pollution as a crime. It's time to seriously carry out environmental laws to protect the earth -- our home.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. "My TV reception is so clear; you'd think I had a 50-foot antenna (天线) on my roof!" I'm amazed at the way technology has improved television. From the silent film centuries ago to three-dimensional videos, technology also changed the role TV sets have played in people's daily life. Developments in electronic circuits have resulted in TV sets that have sharper pictures, brilliant colors and clearer sound. From the smallest portables to wide-screen home theater systems, televisions continue to work better and better as visual innovations are introduced. In addition, various TV programs, from current news to entertainment programs, from talk shows to TV series, all have greatly enriched people's leisure life. When assessing the impact that certain media have on public audiences, we must recognize that TV is the more "socially accepted" media with greater appeal to us than radio. So is there anyone who can deny the importance of TV even in this fast- developed century? Unfortunately, a television's picture is only as good as the broadcast it's receiving, and even the world's best televisions cannot make up for a weak or distorted signal. Antenna technology has not kept pace with television design, and the rabbit ears from the 1950s are not far removed from what's available today. Well, there's finally been a quantum leap in the design of antennas, and it's the result of two patented components developed by scientists. These improvements are the secret behind Emerson's revolutionary new antennas. Cable subscription solves the problem of getting the signal to your television, but storms and other factors can result in cable outages. If you prefer not to pay the rising monthly fees for cable or live in an area where it's not available, your picture is likely to be weak, undefined and distorted. One way to improve your reception would be to mount a large antenna on you roof. Unfortunately, most roof antennas are not particularly pleasing to the eye and may even be prohibited in the area where you live. Rabbit ear antennas don't improve your picture to any great degree and make your room look like something from an earlier decade. Most antennas need to be aimed at the source of the broadcast and require tuning mechanisms to pick up the signal dearly. Whether you live miles out in the country or in a concrete building next door to a broadcast tower, bad reception can rob you of the definition and color you were intended to see. The Optima antenna gives you the signal-grabbing power of a large antenna in an unobvious, low-profile size. In the past, creating an antenna with optimal (最佳的) reception meant making it big, with a large amount of surface area. This resulted in products that were large and unattractive or small and ineffective. Either way, the aesthetic look of your room or house suffered. Research and development tended to focus on the television, not on signal reception...until now. Recently, a brilliant scientist in Colorado developed an antenna that would maximize reception without being overly conspicuous. Emerson, a leader in electronic technology, has now made this innovation available to the public. At a lab in Colorado, they developed two patented design improvements that made the Optima antenna possible. First, they created a flexible circuit board with a serpentine (弯曲的) antenna, resulting in a large surface area confined to a small space. Second, they developed a technique that converts the copper shielding on the attached cable to an additional signal receiver. This greatly enhances the antenna's reception power and allows you to tune the antenna by simply moving the cable! The antenna works best at a range of up to 30 miles from the signal source. We recommend an amplifier for reception up to 45 miles away. Ask your representative for details. The handmade assembly is encased in aircraft-grade plastic and high-density foam. The weather-resistant cover is a neutral white and can be painted to match the color of the house or room. Plus, the omni directional (全方位的) design allows you to mount the unit anywhere you please. The Optima's universal design makes it adaptable to any component, and installation is a snap (迅速,容易). So sit back, relax and enjoy the dearest picture you can get from your television. Call now to order the small antennas that get big reception. They both come with a 90-day manufacturer's limited guarantee and Comtrad's exclusive risk-free home trial. Try them, and if you're not completely satisfied, return them within 90 days for a full "No Questions Asked" refund. Indoor/Outdoor Antenna ............................................... $ 69.95 $ 8 S & H Dishmate UHF/VHF Antenna ................................................... $ 69.95 $8 S & H ( Note that if you are a native of Virginia, you are required to pay extra 4.5 percent sales tax. ) The Dishmate Antenna Mil work with 18" dishes from RCA, Toshiba, ProScan, GE, Eurorat, Uniden, Sony and Hughes DSS Satellite systems. Please specify model when ordering. Please mention promotional code 3693-13947. For fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day: 800 -992 -2966 To order by mail, send check or money order for the total amount including S & H. To charge it to your credit card, enclose your account number and expiration date. Attention mini-dish owner: If you own a mini-dish satellite system, you are aware of the off-air issue and are probably wondering how you can pick up local broadcasts. After all, .what good are hundreds of channels if you can't find who won the local city council election. The Dishmate harnesses the same technological innovations as the Optima TV antenna to give you a powerful omni directional antenna that is virtually invisible. It is compatible with a variety of systems and is easy to install.
1. Rabbit ear antennas are old fashioned but are still in use.
Y
由第一段倒数第三句“...the rabbit ears from the 1950's are not far removed from what's available today”即可作出判断,并要注意对available这个词的理解。
2. Cable TVs have good pictures but users need to pay to watch the programs.
Y
参见文章第二段:“subscription”和“pay the rising monthly fee”均表示需付费。“... solves the problems of getting the signal to your television”表明它的功能可使图像更清晰。
3. For aesthetic reasons, people want their antennas to be conspicuous.
N
由第四段最后一句“...in an unobvious,low-profile size”可知,人们希望他们的天线不要过于明显,而第五段中unattractive(不美观的),以及“the aesthetic look of your room or house suffered”进一步表明天线影响视觉美感。
4. A TV can have poor reception even if it is near the signal sources.
Y
见第四段的第一句:Whether you live miles out...or in a concrete building next door to a broadcast tower,bad reception...另外,仅从can一词上也可基本判断答案为Yes,因为此词所表达的意思留有余地,不绝对。这类词还有may、probably、sometimes、could等。相反,如果含有表达绝对意味的词,如never、always、completely等,则答案很可能为No。
5. The headquarters of Emerson is located in Colorado.
Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] W: I'm making a list, have we run out of anything? M: Yes, I've run out of tissues. Could you pick some up for me? Q: Where are they planning to go?
此题考查从内容推测的能力。解题的关键在于听到make a list“列清单”与run out of“用光了”。I've run out of tissues.Could you pick some up for me?意为“我的手纸用光了。你能帮我买点吗?”。
2.
A.In a restaurant.
B.On campus.
C.In the police station.
D.In the doctor's office.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Hey, Sophie! How's the course going.'? I heard that the architecture course is really tough this semester. W: Yes, it's pretty hard work. I never seem to have any free time; I'm always in the library. Q: Where is the probable place for this conversation?
此题考查从内容推测的能力。关键点是听到course,architecture course。I never seem to have any free time.意为“我好像没有任何闲暇时间”。
3.
A.The man is very rich.
B.He really enjoys buying books.
C.The woman works in the university.
D.That he wants to learn about applying for a loan.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: I haven't got enough money. Wily are books so expensive? I can't afford any of them. W: You should go to the Financial Aid Office; maybe they can give you some advice about loans. Q: What can we find out from this conversation?
此题考查从内容推测的能力。关键点在听到Why are books so expensive?此句暗指男士因喜欢买书,因此买书花光了钱。
4.
A.The science block.
B.The library.
C.The maths block.
D.The west block.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: Excuse me. I'm looking for West Hall. Do you know how to get there? W: Hmmm… West Hall. That's part of the science block, next to the library. Q: Which buildings are they talking about?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题的关键在于听到对应信息part of the science block“科学系的教学楼区”。
5.
A.The man's pet.
B.The man's older brother.
C.The man's mother.
D.The man's younger brother.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: I know that you look alike, but are you close? M: Well, he's only a year older than me but we are very different. In fact, we have absolutely nothing in common. Q: What/Who are they talking about?
此题考查通过内容推测的能力。解题的关键在于听到are you close?与he's only a year older than me。are you close?意为“你们有血缘关系吗?”。
6.
A.A birthday party.
B.An English class.
C.A shopping trip.
D.A funeral.
A B C D
A
[解析] M: So, do you want to come to Helen's 20th? It should be a great night. W: OK, sounds good. What should I buy for her? Q: What are they discussing?
此题考查从内容推测的能力。解题的关键在于听到Helen's 20th与What should l buy for her?
7.
A.The woman likes cows.
B.The woman never washes her hands.
C.The woman wants to attend the Agricultural University.
D.The woman would like to try' some hands-on work.
A B C D
D
[解析] M: There is someone coming over from the Agricultural University tomorrow to talk about special skills. I heard that he will be giving a cow milking demonstration. W: Cow milking? That's great! I've always wanted to get my hands dirty. Q: What does the woman mean?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题关键在于理解这里的get one's hands dirty与try some hands- on work同义,意指“尝试亲自动手做某事”。
8.
A.The woman didn't finish her project.
B.The man doesn't have a computer.
C.The woman's computer was broken.
D.The woman has bought a new computer.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: Thank you so much for letting me use your computer the other day. It was such bad luck that mine crashed when I had almost finished. M: No problem. What are friends for? Q: What can we find out from this conversation?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题的关键在于听到原文中的mine crashed,意指“电脑坏了”,与答案中的The woman's computer was broken。同义。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 19-22 M: Hi, Molly! What are you doing here? W: Hi, Jack. The usual thing, shopping. How about you? M: No shopping for me, I'm just looking. It's a long time until pay day and I have nothing left from my last salary. W: Well, window shopping is OK, I guess. You know, you should really start to think more seriously about your money. M: I know, I know. I try to save it, but I always spend it. W: We should design a special spending plan for you. Every month you can spend some and save some. Then we can control when and how much you spend. M: That sounds like a great idea, but I've already tried these types of plans. I can never stick to them. W: Come on! You've got to try again. Can you believe that I used to be just like you? I spent everything I earned, I never saved anything! But now I have some monthly rules that I always stick to. For example, when I get paid I always take 30% of my salary and put it into another bank account, my savings account, so I will have no chance to spend it. M: I never thought of that. I only have one account, I keep all of my money there, so it's always available for me to spend. W: Exactly, that's the first thing we will change. Go to your bank when you get paid and open another account, it's really easy. Let's say that next month will be a new beginning for you, no more crazy spending, OK? M: Yes, you are right. I always buy countless items that I don't need and will never use. Maybe if the money isn't available I wont be tempted to spend it. Thanks Molly! That was some great advice. 19. What is Jack buying?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题的关键是听到window shopping“只看不买”。
10.
A.Yes, she's always been good with money.
B.No, she has never been good with money.
C.She used to be a bad saver, like Jack.
D.She doesn't save money.
A B C D
C
[解析] Has Molly always been a good saver?
此题考查听细节的能力,解题的关键在于听到Can you believe that I used to be just like you?
11.
A.Earn more money.
B.Open another bank account for saving.
C.Open another bank account for spending.
D.Find a better job.
A B C D
B
[解析] What example is given to help control spending?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题的关键点在于听到Co to your bank when you get paid and open another account,“等发工资后到银行去另开一个账户”。savings account,储蓄账户。
12.
A.50%.
B.20%.
C.30%.
D.All of it.
A B C D
C
[解析] How much money does Molly save every month?
此题考查听特定信息即听数字的能力。解题的关键点在于抓住“I always take 30% of my salary and put it into another bank account,my savings account'’这句话,并在听的过程中快速反应数字并选择答案。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 23-25 M: Greg speaking. W: Greg, it's Jane. M: Hey there, how are you? W: I'm good. Listen, I was wondering what you are doing later. M: Hey, I'm at the office. Do you want to call here? A landline is so much cheaper than a mobile. W: Yes, true. This call must be costing me a fortune! I'll call you back. Bye. (Jane calls Greg's office) M: Greg speaking. W: Hey, it's me. Anyway, I was wondering if you want to go to a bar opening tonight. It's really a cool place. My friend gave me an invitation, but it completely slipped my mind, until today. M: Sounds good. What about John? W: I've called him, but he's busy tonight. M: Oh, so I'm the second choice? W: Hey, you would have asked your girlfriend before me, wouldn't you? Anyway, I'm asking you now and you should be happy! M: Hmmm…yes, OK. I've got nothing better to do. Are there free drinks? M: Yep. Free drinks ALL night! 23. Where are they going?
此题考查听特定信息的能力。解题的关键在于听到“I was wondering if you want to go to a bar opening tonight.”
14.
A.Greg's mobile phone.
B.Greg's home phone.
C.Greg's office phone.
D.She doesn't call him back.
A B C D
C
[解析] Which phone does Jane call back on?
此题考查听细节的能力,解题的关键点在于听到“I am at the office”与“landline”, landline这里指固定电话。
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D), and then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 26-28 It was in the sixteenth century that Geronimo Cardano, a physician of Padua, in northern Italy, proclaimed that deaf people could be taught to understand written combinations of symbols by associating them with the thing they represented. The first book on teaching sign language to deaf people that contained the manual alphabet was published in 1620 by Juan Pablo de Bonet. In 1755 Abbe Charles Michel de L'Epee of Paris founded the first free school for deaf people. He demonstrated that deaf people could develop communication with themselves and the hearing world through a system of conventional gestures, hand signs, and fingerspelling. He created and demonstrated a language of signs whereby each would be a symbol that suggested the concept desired. The abbe was apparently a very creative person, and the way he developed his sign language system was by first recognizing, then learning the signs that were already being used by a group of deaf people in Paris. To this knowledge he added his own creativeness that resulted in a signed version of spoken French. He paved the way for deaf people to have a more standardized language of their own—one which would effectively bridge the gap between the hearing and non-hearing worlds. 26. When was the first book of sign language published?
此题考查对数字的听力能力。对数字的练习建议考生重复集中练习听数字,以加强反馈数字的速度。
2.
A.The 'alphabet.
B.A conflict.
C.Numbers.
D.A concept.
A B C D
D
[解析] What did each language sign or symbol indicate?
此题虽考查对所听句子的理解能力,但只要抓住关键词sign和symbol,题目就迎刃而解了,只有concept在原文中出现过。He created and demonstrated a language of signs whereby each would be a symbol that suggested the concept desired.意为“他创造并展示了这种手语,每个手势表达了一种含义”。
3.
A.Friesian.
B.French.
C.Finnish.
D.Flemish.
A B C D
B
[解析] What spoken language was translated into symbols?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题的关键是要抓住resulted in a signed version of spoken French这句话,并要明白问句中的symbols是signed version的同义替换。
Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 29-31 The wage gap is a statistical indicator often used as an index of the status of women's earnings relative to men's. It is also used to compare the earnings of other races and ethnicities to those of white males, a group generally not subject to race—or sex—based discrimination. The wage gap is expressed as a percentage ( e. g. , in 2003, women earned 76% as much as men) and is calculated by dividing the median annual earnings for women by the median annum earnings for men. The Equal Pay Act was signed in 1963, making it illegal for employers to pay unequal wages to men and women who hold the same job and do the same work. At the time of the EPA's passage, women earned just 58 cents for every dollar earned by men. By 2003, 40 years later, that rate had only increased to 76 cents, an improvement of less than half a penny a year. Minority women fare the worst. African-American women earn just 65 cents to every dollar earned by white men, and for Hispanic women that figure drops to merely 54 cents per dollar. If working women earned the same as men (those who work the same number of hours; have the same education, age, and union status; and live in the same region of the country), their annual family incomes would rise by $ 4, 000 and poverty rates would be cut in half. 29. For which group are wage gaps most often used for comparison?
此题考查听细节的能力。题干中的be used for comparison与It is also used to compare对应。
5.
A.40 cents for every dollar.
B.58 cents for every dollar.
C.65 cents for every dollar.
D.76 cents for every dollar.
A B C D
B
[解析] What were women making at the time of the Equal Pay Act?
此题考查听细节的能力。Equal Pay Act为关键标志词。
6.
A.Work the same number of hours; same education, age and union status; live in different regions of the country.
B.Live in the same region of the country; same age and union status; work same number of hours.
C.Worked for the government; lived in the same region of the country; education; same age; union status and education.
D.Work the same number of hours; same age, union status and education; lived in the same region of the country.
A B C D
D
[解析] Women would earn as much as men under what conditions?
此题考查听细节的能力。解题关键是抓住句子work the same number of hours;have the same education,age,and union status;and live in the same region of the country。
Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
7. 32A. 4,000-5,000. B. 50-60,000. C. 500-600. D. 5,000-6, 000.
A B C D
D
[解析] 32-35 Not until somewhat recently (that is, in terms of human history) did people find a need for knowing the time of day. As best we know, 5,000 to 6,000 years ago great civilizations in the Middle East and North Africa initiated clock-making. With their bureaucracies and formal religions, these cultures found a need to organize their time mom efficiently. The Egyptians were the next to formally divide their day into parts something like our hours. Obelisks (slender, tapering, four-sided monuments) were built as early as 3500 B.C. Their moving shadows formed a kind of sundial, enabling citizens to partition the day into two parts by indicating noon. They also showed the year's longest and shortest days when the shadow at noon was the shortest or longest of the year. Later, markers added around the base of the monument would indicate further time subdivisions. Another Egyptian shadow clock or sundial, possibly the first portable timepiece, came into use around 1500 B.C. to measure the passage of "hours". This device divided a sunlit day into 10 parts plus two "twilight hours" in the morning and evening. When the long stem with 5 variably spaced marks was oriented east and west in the morning, an elevated crossbar on the east end east a moving shadow over the marks. At noon, the device was turned in the opposite direction to measure the afternoon "hours". In the quest for more year-round accuracy, sundials evolved from flat horizontal or vertical plates to more elaborate forms. One version was the hemispherical dial, a bowl-shaped depression cut into a block of stone, carrying a central vertical gnomon (pointer) and scribed with sets of hour lines for different seasons. The hemicycle, said to have been invented about 300 B. C. , removed the useless haft of the hemisphere to give an appearance of a half-bowl cut into the edge of a squared block. 32. How many years ago did clock-making come into existence?
此题考查听细节的能力。只要抓住关键词5,000 to 6,000 years ago即可答出。
8.
A.The sun.
B.The moon.
C.Shadows.
D.Sandals.
A B C D
C
[解析] What indicated the longest and shortest days of the year?
此题考查听细节的能力。此题只要紧抓关键词组the year's longest and shortest days…of the year即可答出,有的考生选B是因为把moving误听为moon。选D的考生是混淆了sandals和 shadows。
此题考查从内容推测的能力。解题关键是要抓住give an appearance of a half-bowl cut into the edge of a squared block这句话。根据词义选答案。
Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea, When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. A battle has been going on over who governs the Internet, with America demanding to maintain a key role in the network it helped create and other countries demanding more control. The European commission is 1 that if a deal cannot be 2 at a meeting in Tunisia next month the Internet will 3 apart. At issue is the role of the US government in 4 the Internet's address structure, called the domain name system (DNS), which 5 communication between the world's computers. It is 6 by the California-based, not-for-profit Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (Icann) under contract to the US department of commerce. A meeting of 7 in Geneva last month was meant to 8 a way of sharing Internet governance which politicians could unveil at the UN-sponsored World Summit on the Information Society in Tunis on November 16-18. 9 . Viviane Reding, European IT commissioner, says that if a multilateral approach cannot be agreed, countries such as China, Russia, Brazil and some Arab states could start operating their own versions of the Internet and the ubiquity that has made it such a success will disappear. 10 . The US government, which funded the development of the Internet in the 60s, said in June it intended to retain its role overseeing Icann, reneging on a pledge made during Bill Clinton's presidency. 11 .
[解析] 36-46 A battle has been going on over who governs the Internet, with America demanding to maintain a key role in the network it helped create and other countries demanding more control. The European commission is (36) warning that if a deal cannot be (37)reached at a meeting in Tunisia next month the Internet will(38) spilt apart. At issue is the role of the US government in(39)overseeing the Internet's address structure, called the domain name system (DNS), which (40)enables communication between the world's computers. It is (41)managedby the California-based, not-for-profit Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (Icann) under contract to the US department of commerce. A meeting of (42) officials in Geneva last month was meant to (43) formulate a way of sharing Internet governance which politicians could unveil at the UN-sponsored World Summit on the Information Society in Tunis on November 16-18. (44)A European Union plan that goes a long way to meeting the demands of developing countries to make the governance more open collapsed in the face of US opposition. Viviane Reding, European IT commissioner, says that if a multilateral approach cannot be agreed; countries such as China, Russia, Brazil and some Arab states could start operating their own versions of the Internet and the ubiquity that has made it such a success will disappear. (45) The US argues that many of the states demanding a more open Internet are no fans of freedom of expression. The US government, which funded the development of the Internet in the 60s, said in June it intended to retain its role overseeing Icann, reneging on a pledge made during Bill Clinton's presidency. (46) Since Icann was created, the US commerce department has not once disturbed with its decisions.
A European Union plan that goes a long way to meeting the demands of developing countries to make the governance more open collapsed in the face of US opposition。
此题主要考查特定句子。解题关键是要判断出这是一个定语从句。然后要注意that goes a long way…more open都是用来修饰A European Union plan的定语。
10.
The US argues that many of the states demanding a more open Internet are no fans of freedom of expression。
此题主要考查特定句子。解题关键是抓住句中的argues,表示美国的态度。
11.
Since the organization was created,the US commerce department has not once disturbed with its decisions。
此题主要考查特定句子。解题关键是要抓住上句中的“reneging on a pledge”,这句话是说美国政府一直干涉Icann的决定,从而来说明他们食言了。
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. The Bush Administration appears determined to continue the war on drugs that has been actively 1 by all US governments since the Nixon Administration. Defenders of the war on drugs often throw in an economic 2 . It has been 3 because it curtails (削减) use by raising street prices. It does this because suppliers have to be compensated for the risk of imprisonment and other punishments. It may be true that high prices have 4 the demand for drugs, but the fact remains that most illegal drugs remain popular and 5 , regardless of price. More important, any 6 in the number of addicts and other users has come with an enormous price label. The US alone spends almost $ 40 billion annually waging the drug war, and other countries also spend big sums. The war is fought by seizing and destroying drugs and by apprehending and imprisoning suppliers. A 7 fact is that the US imprisons a larger fraction of its population for drug-related offenses than European nations do for all crimes. The high prices due to the war have 8 huge profits for cartels and others who evade detection and punishment. Estimates place the world market value of illegal drugs at several hundred billions of dollars -- in the same league as the markets for cigarettes and alcohol. Although legalization would make drugs cheaper and more 9 available, sales to minors could be discouraged by harsh punishments and by restricting 10 sales to fixed shops. A. reduced I) compensated B. disagreement J) legal C. depressing K) argument D. pursued L) available E. damaging M) speedily F. reduction N) successful G. provided O) illegal H) easily
1.
D
2.
K
3.
N
4.
A
5.
L
6.
F
7.
C
8.
G
9.
H
10.
J
Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Humans are forever forgetting that they can't control nature. Exactly 20 years ago, a magazine cover story announced that "scientists are on the verge of being able to predict the time, place and even the size of earthquakes". The people of quake-ruined Kobe learned last week how wrong that assertion was. None of the methods praised two decades ago have succeeded. Even now, scientists have yet to discover a uniform warning signal that precedes all quakes, let alone any sign that would tell whether the coming quake is mild or killer. Earthquake formation can be triggered by many factors, says Hiroo Kanamori, a seismologist (地震学家) at the California Institute of Technology. So, finding one all-purpose warning sign is impossible. One reason: Quakes start deep in the earth, so scientist can't study them directly. If a quake precursor (预兆) were found, it would still be impossible to warn humans in advance of all dangerous quakes. Places like Japan and California are filled with hundreds, if not thousands, of minor faults. It is impossible to place monitoring instruments on all of them. And these inconspicuous sites can be just as deadly as their better-known cousins like the San Andreas. Both the Kobe and the 1994 Northridge quakes occurred on small faults. Prediction would be less important if scientists could easily build structures to withstand every new quake reveals unexpected weaknesses in "quake-resistant" structure, says Terry Tullis, a geophysical at Brown University. In Kobe, for example, a highway that opened only last year was damaged. In the Northridge earthquake, on the other hand, well-built structures generally did not collapse. But engineers have since found hidden problems in 120 steel-frame buildings that survived. Such structures are supposed to sway with the earth rather than crumple (崩溃). They may have swayed, but the quake also unexpectedly weakened the joints in their steel skeletons. If the shaking had been longer or stronger, the buildings might have collapsed. A recent report in Science adds yet more anxiety about life on the fault lines. Researchers can computer simulations to see how quake-resistant buildings would fare in a moderate-size tremor, taking into account that much of a quake's energy travels in a large "pulse of focused shaking". The results: Both steel-frame buildings and buildings that sit on insulating rubber pads suffered severe damage. More research will help experts design stronger structures and possibly find quake pressures. But it is still a certainty that the next earthquake will prove once again that every fault cannot be monitored and every highway cannot be completely quake-proofed.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Scientists have not discovered one single warning sign for all quakes.
B.Scientists have not yet discovered any sign that would tell the size of quakes.
C.Scientists claimed that they had found some methods of predicting earthquakes, but they didn't work.
D.The methods scientists boasted of 20 years ago of predicting quakes didn't produce desired results.
A B C D
C
细节题。综合第一、二段可知应选C项。第一段第二句中提及广…宣称科学家几乎能预测地震发生的时间、地点,甚至规模。应注意“on the verge of”与“had found”之间的区别。
2. According to the passage, quakes ______.
A.can in no way be studied fully
B.can be warned of beforehand
C.can trigger minor faults
D.on small faults cannot possibly be as deadly as those best known quakes
B.the existent quake-resistant buildings need to be redesigned
C.steel-frame buildings survive any earthquakes
D.seismic (地震的) engineering has improved well enough for structures to resist quakes
A B C D
B
推论题。文中最后几段都在谈论抗震建筑问题。第四段的“...every new quake reveals...”指出,目前抗震建筑存在很多不可预测的隐患。由文中倒数第二段的“Both steel- frame buildings...suffered severe damage”可知,钢筋建筑与注入橡胶垫的建筑都受到了较大的伤害。从文章的最后一句话,也可以判定只有B项正确。
4. The best tide for this passage could be ______.
A."Nature Is Beyond Human's Control"
B."No Method or Stronger Structures Are Founds to Predict and Withstand Quakes"
5. It is impossible to warn of all dangerous quakes in advance because ______.
A.small faults can trigger just as fatal quakes
B.nothing is found that precedes and shows quakes' coming
C.no structures will withstand quakes
D.all of the above
A B C D
D
细节题。前三项都是文中指出的无法预告地震的原因。因此选D项。
Passage Two Concern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shops, and factories are discovering the great efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the "typical" Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creature comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality. Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that "assembly-line life" will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely (but less productive) old French style. What Mil happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in life -- to joy in the smell of a freshly picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local card? Since the late 1950s life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and the pursuit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by the triumph of this competitive, goods-oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence. In spite of the critics, however, countess Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modern economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modern, industrial France is preferable to the old.
1. Which of the following is a feature of the old French way of life?
A.Leisure, elegance, and efficiency.
B.Leisure, elegance, and taste.
C.Grace, efficiency and taste.
D.Romance, efficiency and elegance.
A B C D
B
细节题。从第一段第三句“...traditional leisurely midday meal...”(传统的悠闲的午餐),第二段的第四、五句“...graceful and leisurely...”(优雅,悠闲的),及“taste, elegance...”不难发现B项为正确答案。
2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Frenchmen?
A.They actually enjoy working at the assembly line.
B.They are more concerned with money than before.
C.Many of them prefer the modern lifestyle.
D.They are more competitive than the old generation.
Part Ⅴ Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. An important factor of leadership is attraction. This does not mean attractiveness if the ordinary sense, for that is a born quality 1 our control. The leader has, nevertheless, to be a magnet; a central figure towards whom people are 2 . Magnetism in that sense depends, first of all, 3 being seen. There is a type of authority which can be 4 from behind dosed doors, but that is not leadership. 5 there is movement and action, the true leader is in the forefront and may seem, indeed, to be everywhere at once. He has to become a legend; the 6 for anecdotes (轶事), whether true or 7 ; a character. One of the simplest devices is to be absent 8 the occasion when the leader might be 9 to be there, enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business 10 has detained (留住) him. To 11 up for this, he can appear when least expected, giving rise to another story about the interest he can display 12 things which other folks might 13 as trivial. With this gift for 14 curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance (勉强) to talk about himself. His interest is 15 in other people; he questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all 16 is relevant. He never leaves a party 17 he has mentally filed a minimum dossier (档案) on 18 present, ensuring that he knows 19 to say when he meets them again. He is not artificially extrovert but he would usually rather listen 20 talk. Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof.
1.
A.beyond
B.in
C.of
D.under
A B C D
A
beyond one's control无法控制;be in control of控制,管理;under...control在……控制下。