Section Ⅰ Listening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test book-let, NOT on the ANSWER SHEET. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer your answers from your test booklet onto ANSWER SHEET 1. If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW ns you will not be allowed to speak once the test is started. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A You will hear a conversation between a student, Mr. Wang, and his tutor, Dr. Wilson. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 10 by circling True or False. You will hear the conversation ONLY ONCE. You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 1～10.
1. Dr. Wilson and Mr. Wang have known each other before.
对 错
A
2. Wang prefers to live with an English family.
对 错
A
3. Wang intends to study how computer is used for language translation.
对 错
A
4. Back in his own country, Mr. Wang studied C-language and chemistry.
对 错
B
5. Wang has some experience about CAD.
对 错
A
6. Dr. Wilson is satisfied with Wang's past experience.
对 错
B
7. Wang has little knowledge of the phonetic processing system.
对 错
A
8. Wang decides to take courses and pass exams.
对 错
B
9. Dr. Wilson suggests that Wang should extend his stay at the university.
对 错
B
10. Dr. Wilson asks Wang to do a little more research before deciding on his project.
对 错
A
[解析] 1-10 W: Come in, please. M: Good morning, Dr. Wilson. W: Good morning, Wang. How nice to meet you again. Take a seat... why don't you, please. When did you get to the university? M: I arrived yesterday. W: Well...are you living in the college? M: No, I am with an English family... actually... because I want to improve my speaking. W: Oh, fine. Right, did you take a language proficiency test before you came? M: Yes. Uhh... my Overall Band is 6, but...unfortunately my speaking score is only 5. W: OK, you know, here in this university, you have to take our own English test before you attend any lectures. So, first of all, what we've got to do is, we have to make an arrangement for the test date. Umm...will tomorrow be all right for you? M: Yeah, I have time tomorrow morning. W: Good, then. Tomorrow at ten. I don't think the test will be any problem for you. Now, let's make sure you make good use of your time here. Let's put it like this. What exactly do you want to accomplish in the next 12 months? M: I'm interested in computer language translation, I mean, from English to Chinese and Chinese to English. I'll try, if possible, to produce software or a device which can serve as an interpreter. W: Yes, could you be a bit more specific about... er... the device? M: For instance, when you talk to the device in English it will translate your words into Chinese and vice versa. W: Uhuh... do you mean it'll be as competent as... er... a human interpreter? M: Yes... well, I'll let it deal with general situations, at least. W: Fascinating...and how big will the device itself be, do you think? M: The size of a cigarette pack, I think. So people can put it in their pocket. W: Really. Well, that could be a Ph. D project. Tell me what you have done so far. M: In my four years of undergraduate study, I studied electronics, advanced mathematics, hardware designing, some computer languages and program writing. W: Yes, but have you done any practical jobs? I mean, have you written any programs for practical use? M: I had been involved in a project for CAD in a shipyard. W: Computer aided design. That was probably a good experience, but, unfortunately, it may not help your present project much. Are you familiar with the C-language? M: No. W: Uhuh... the phonetic processing system, do you know how such a system works? M: What do you mean by "phonetic processing system"? W: Well, you know, English is spoken by different people with different accents. Your English accent is different from mine, and of course mine is not the same as my colleagues'. So as I see it, your device would have to be able to recognise and understand different accents. M: Oh, I see. I think I can learn the C-language and the phonetic processing system here. W: Well, that's probably true, but you've got only twelve months and you want a degree, don't you? M: Yes. W: OK, so there're two ways of studying for a degree here. You either take six courses, pass their exams and have your dissertation accepted or the other way is you do some research work and submit your project report. M: I think I'll take the second way. W: Fine, but are you sure you can finish your project in twelve months? M: I don't know, but I can work twelve hours per day and seven days per week. W: Well, I'd suggest you spend some time in our library, trying to find out what other students have done before and perhaps reconsider your own project, to some extent. You might narrow your research area, concentrating on solving one or two major problems. And ,it'd be a good idea to talk to your colleagues in the lab, first. Anyway, I'm sure we can work out something good. Shall I see you again in three days' time? M: All right. I'll go away and do some thinking. Then I'll talk to you about my new plan. W: Good. see you then. M: Thank you. Bye-bye.
Part B You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.
Questions 11～13 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11～13.
1. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, what is the first thing he should do?
A.complain personally to the manager.
B.threaten to take the matter to court.
C.write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase.
D.show some written proof of the purchase to the store.
A B C D
D
2. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of the problem, whom is it better to complain to?
A.A shop assistant.
B.The store manager.
C.The manufacturer.
D.A public organization.
A B C D
B
3. How can the most effective complaint be made?
A.showing the fault item to the manager.
B.explaining exactly what is wrong with the item.
C.saying firmly that the item is of poor quality.
D.asking politely to change the item.
A B C D
B
[解析] 11-13 When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is broken or in some other way does not reach the standard of the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumers may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be tackled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they can not get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter. Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear 'is better than' this stereo does not work". The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' rights.
Questions 14～16 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14～16.
1. When was the American Football Association founded?
A.In 1913.
B.In 1930.
C.In 1914.
D.In 1917.
A B C D
A
2. Which of the following records of the US football team is true?
A.First place in the 3rd world Cup.
B.Second place in the 4th World Cup.
C.Third place in the 1st World Cup.
D.Fourth place in the 2nd World Cup.
A B C D
C
3. Where was the finals of the World Cup in 1994 held?
A.In England.
B.In the USA.
C.In Mexico.
D.In France.
A B C D
B
[解析] 14-16 The Unied States of America is a founding member of the International Football Association. In 1913 the American Football Association was founded with over 7,000 registered clubs and 1.4 million players. In history the U.S. team entered the finals of the World Cup four times and gained the third place in the first World Cup. But since the 4th World Cup USA has paid more attention to the Olympic Games and American football. The head coach of the U. S. team now is from Yugoslavia, the 57-year-old coach moved to Mexico twenty-one years ago and later he became the head coach of Mexico's National Team. After that he left for an even smaller country, Costa Pica. Before long, he became well-known all over the world. On March 7th,1991 ,he faced the biggest challenge in all his life to lead the U.S. team. The American Football Association spent a year building a football field in California for him. And in two years' time his team defeated the teams of Ireland, England and Portugal Thus the U.S. team entered with ease into the finals of the world Cup. And as the host, it entered automatically into the fu'st circle in 1994.
Questions 17～20 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17～20.
2. What was the discussion topic of the previous class meeting?
A.New England mystery stories.
B.Eighteenth-century English criticism.
C.A comparison of poems of Dickinson and Whitman.
D.The poems of Walt Whitman.
A B C D
D
3. How did Emily Dickinson differ from Walt Whitman?
A.She published poems frequently.
B.She seldom left home.
C.She lived in an earlier era.
D.She spoke a different language.
A B C D
B
4. What will the class do now?
A.Hear another report.
B.Discuss one of Emily Dickinson's poems.
C.Hear a lecture given by the teacher.
D.Discuss poems they have written themselves.
A B C D
B
[解析] 17-20 Today it's my turn to give the weekly oral presentation, and the topic that Professor May had assigned to me is "the life of the poet, Emily Dickinson". Compared with Walt Whitman whom we discussed last week, I found Emily Dickinson strikingly different. She seemed in fact to be the complete opposite of Whitman in her life and in her work. I would like to share briefly with the class some of the essential facts of her biography. Emily Dickinson was born in 1830 in Amherst, Mass, barely a decade after Whitman. In her early 20's for reasons which still remain a mystery she began to withdraw from her ordinary contact with the world. For the remaining 30 years of her life she was seldom seen outside her home. In this respect she was quite unlike Whitman who loved the great outdoors. Emily Dickinson spent her solitary days corresponding with her friends and writing hundreds of remarkable poems, notably"I heard a fly buzz" and the poem we have read for today "I'm nobody". Although she showed none of her poems to her family and sent some of her letters to friends, only four were published in her life time. Most of them, almost 1200 poems were discovered in her room after she died in 1886 at the age of 56. These poems have established her as a major poet, and several modern critics consider her the greatest woman poet in the English language. Eh, that's about all I have. Is there any question? If not, we should probably begin talking about Dickinson's "I'm nobody", the poem Professor May assigned for this week's class discussion.
Part C You will hear a talk. As you listen, you must answer Questions 21～30 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 21～30.
2. What kind of grain did most Europeans eat 500 years ago?
Wheat.
3. What kind of grain could be found in American diet 500 years ago?
Corn.
4. Who used dairy product first in history?
Europeans.
5. In which year did Columbus take chili pepper to Spain?
(in) 1943.
6. How long did it take for chili pepper to become popular around the world?
100 years.
7. Where can't chili pepper grow according to the talk?
In Northern Europe.
8. What did Europeans think of potatoes?
Poisonous.
9. What was potato used for in Europe at first?
Feeding pigs.
10. In what part of the world is potato especially a favorite food?
Northern Europe/North America.
[解析] 21-30 As you know, many big changes happened after Christopher Columbus and other Europeans came to the Americas 500 years ago. Today I'm going to talk about a change in the world diet the way people cooked and ate. Five hundred years ago, there was a big change in the diet of people all over the world. Let's talk about the diet in Europe 500 years ago. One important food was meat. Europeans ate many kinds of meat, including beef, lamb, goat, and pork. Europeans also ate dairy products milk and cheese made from the milk of cows and goats. The Europeans ate several different grains: Most people ate wheat, and some people ate rice, which came first from Asia. Now, let's look at the diet in the Americas about 500 years ago. The diet of the native American was quite different from the diet of the Europeans. This is because the European meats, dairy products, and grains didn't exist in the Americas. However, the native Americans ate some food that didn't exist in Europe. The native Americans ate different vegetables, such as potatoes and tomatoes. They ate different grains, such as corn. They ate different meat, such as turkey and other wild birds. They also used spices such as chocolate and hot chili peppers. None of these foods existed in Europe 500 years ago. Now let's talk about the big change in the world diet 500 years ago, after Columbus and the Europeans went to the Americas. After Europeans went to the Americas, the diet of the native Americans changed a lot. When the Europeans went to the Americas, they took many new kinds of food with them. The Europeans gave some of the food the meat, dairy products, and grains to the native American's and then the native Americans started to use the European food in their cooking. As a result, the diet in the America's today is very different from their diet 500 years ago. For example, if you go to a country like Mexico, you can see that the traditional Mexican food uses a lot of beef, pork, cheese, wheat, and rice all foods that came from Europe with Columbus. After the Europeans returned to Europe from the Americas, there was also a big change in the diet of people in Europe and the rest of the world. When the Europeans returned to Europe, they took many new kinds of food back from the Americas. They took back the vegetables, grains, and spices that they found in the Americas. Little by little, people all over Europe started using the new foods in their cooking, and then the foods spread around the world to Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Some of the new food spread very quickly around the world. One example is the chili pepper. You may be surprised to know that 500 years ago, the chili pepper didn't exist in many countries that are famous today for their hot and spicy food made with chilies. Actually, we think that the first chili pepper was taken to Spain by Columbus in 1493, when he returned from the Americas. After only 100 years, chili peppers had spread all around the world. They grow easily in warm weather. The only place that the chili pepper did not become popular was Northern Europe, probably because it is too cold to grow chili peppers easily Although chili peppers spread quickly, other foods from the Americas spread very slowly. Potatoes are a good example. It took about 250 years for the potatoes to spread around the world. The reason it took so long is that Europeans thought that potatoes were poisonous. The potato looked a lot like a very poisonous plant that grew in Europe. People were afraid to eat potatoes! For a long time, people only used potatoes to feed their pigs. But slowly, people started using potatoes as food for themselves. Today, of course, potatoes have been very popular in many diets, especially in Northern Europe and North America. So the next time you sit down for dinner, think about the history of the food you are eating maybe it was a part of the great change in the diet of people all over the world.
Section Ⅱ Use of English Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word.Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
There are several things about motorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. A cyclist's 1 has something to do with this dislike. Motorcylists frequently look dirty, in fact, they are dirty. On the road there is little to 2 them from mud, crushed insects, and bird droppings. For practical reasons they often 3 in old clothing which looks much less 4 than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcyclists usually wear 5 colors. Perhaps this helps to explain why they are sometimes 6 of having evil natures. In old 7 of long ago, evil characters usually wear black. In 8 movies the "bad guys" usually wear black hats 9 the "good guys" wear lighter colors. Something else about their appearance makes an 10 impression. In their practical, protective clothing they very much like the men 11 military motorcycles in the movies of World War Two?Dcruel enemies who roared into 12 villages 13 people's hearts with fear. Probably 14 machine itself also produces anger and fear. Motorcycles are noisy, though some big trucks are even noisier. But trucks are big and carry heavy 15 . They are accepted (If not really welcomed) because they perform a 16 service, making America move. Motorcycles, on the 17 hand, make an unpleasant noise just to give their riders 18 That is what is commonly thought. In the woods motorcycles frighten animals. 19 along quiet streets, they disturb 20 families and make babies cry.
1.
appearance
[解析] 由下一句“Motorcylists frequently look dirty，in fact，they are dirty．”可知此空应填“外表，外貌”。故答案为appearance。
Text 1 Today TV audiences all over the world are accustomed to the sight of American astronauts in tip-top condition, with fair hair, crew-cuts, good teeth, an uncomplicated sense of humour and a severely limited non-technical vocabulary. What marks out an astronaut from his earthbound fellow human beings is something of a difficult problem. Should you wish to interview him, you must apply beforehand, and you must be prepared for a longish wait, even if your application meets with success. It is, in any case, out of the question to interview an astronaut about his family life or personal activities, because all the astronauts have con- tracts with an American magazine under conditions forbidding any unauthorized disclosures about their private lives. Certain obvious qualities are needed. Any would be spaceman must be in perfect health, must have powers of concentration ( since work inside a spacecraft is exceptionally demanding) and must have considerable courage. Again, space-work calls for dedication. Courage and dedication are particularly essential. In the well-known case of the Challenger seven crew members lost their lives in space because of the faulty equipment in the shuttle. Another must is outstanding scientific expertise. It goes without saying that they all have to have professional aeronautical qualifications and experience. A striking feature of the astronauts is their ages. For the younger man, in his twenties, say, space is out. Only one of the fifty men working for NASA in 1970 was under 30. The oldest astronaut to date is Alan Shepard, America's first man in space, who, at nearly fifty, was also the man who captained Apollo 13. The average age is the late thirties. The crew members of Apollo 11 were all born well before the Second World War. In 1986 the Challenger astronauts had an average age of 39. The range was from 35 to 46. In a society where marital continuity is not always exhibited, the astronauts' record in this respect hits you in the eye. Of all the married men in NASA group, only two or three are divorced from their wives. Mind you, it is hard to tell whether something in the basic character of an astronaut encourages fidelity or whether the selection process demands that a candidate should be happily married. The NASA astronauts live in unattractive small communities dotted here and there around the base in Texas. You would expect them to find their friends from among their professional associates, but this is not the case. Rather, they prefer to make friends with the normal folk in their districts, A good job, too, Astronauts, like everybody else, must get fed up with talking shop all the time, and, whereas they are indeed an elite, their daily life outside work should be as normal as possible, if only for the sake of their families. As for the astronauts' political leanings, they seem to be towards the right. This may be due to the fact that a large proportion of the astronauts have a military background. On the other hand, it could be just coincidence.
1. Details of the private life of an astronaut are hard to come by, because they are
A.his own business and privacy.
B.secrets as far as interviews are concerned.
C.the property of an American magazine.
D.the first rate national confidential information.
A B C D
C
[解析] 本文第二段中提到“...because all the astronauts have contracts with an American magazine under conditions forbidding any unauthorized disclosures about their private lives．”。故应选C。
2. To audience, the typical American astronaut
A.has a limited vocabulary.
B.is a clean-cut, cheerful and frank guy.
C.can't understand a sophisticated joke.
D.is well-built but rather slow-witted.
A B C D
B
[解析] 本文第一句提到“Today TV audiences all over the world are accustomed to the sight of American astronauts in tip-top condition，with fair hair， crew-cuts，good teeth and．．．”。故应选B。
3. In politics, astronauts are generally
A.democrats.
B.republicans.
C.conservatives.
D.communists.
A B C D
B
[解析] 由本文倒数第一段中的“As for the astronauts’political leanings， they seem to be towards the right．”可知答案为B。故应选B。
4. The phrase" talking shop" (Line 4, Para. 6) probably means
A.talk about shopping.
B.discuss one's work with colleagues.
C.exchange personal news.
D.talk with friends in a group.
A B C D
C
[解析] “talking shop”在文中意为“交换个人新闻”。故应选C。
5. Which of the statements is NOT true?
A.Astronauts have a good job which demands high.
B.The divorce rate in NASA is very low.
C.The NASA astronauts mostly find friends from among their work.
D.There is no younger man in his twenties in the spaceship.
A B C D
C
[解析] A、B、D在文中均提到，是正确的，而C不对，文中提到“You would expect them to find their friends from their professional associates，but this is not the case．Rather，they prefer to make friends with the normal folk in their districts．”。故应选C。
Text 2 At dawn one morning in early May, Sean Cosgrove is stashing piles of maps, notes and photocopied documents in his gym bag before heading for West Milford High, a rural school in northernmost New Jersey. On his 30-minute commute, the young former investment banker tries to dream up new ways of lifting the monumentally forgettable Mexican War off the textbook page and into his students' imaginations. Can he invoke the storied memories of Robert E. Lee, who cut his first military exploits on the plains of Veracuz ―or will he be met with thundering responses of "Who's Lee"? Should he raise James K. Polk out of the mystic chords of memory, and hope, for a nanosecond, that the kids will care about the first U. S president who stepped aside because he'd accomplished everything he wanted? Let's think some more. Well, there's always the Alamo. And hey, isn't that the teachers' parking lot up ahead? It's never an easy task. These big kids in big jeans and ball caps, come to his history classes believing that history is about as useful as Latin. Most are either unaware or unimpressed that the area's iron forges once produced artillery cannon for George Washington's army. Their sense of history orbits more narrowly around last month's adventures on "ShopRite Strip", the students' nickname for down- town West Milford, once a factory town, now a Magnet for middle-class vacationers. Cosgrove looks uncommonly glum as the thumbs through a stack of exams in the teachers' lounge. "I can't believe anyone in my class could think John Brown was the governor of Massachusetts," moans Cosgrove, 28, pointing to one student's test paper. He had to be sleeping for days on end. "The same morning, students in his college bound class could name only one U. S. Supreme Court justice―Clarence Thomas. All his wit, energy and beyond-the-textbook research can't completely reverse the students' poor preparation in history, their lack of general knowledge, their numb ness to the outside world. It's the bane of history teachers at every level. When University of Vermont professor James Loewen asked his senior social-science majors who fought in the Vietnam War, 22 percent answered North and South Korea. Don't these kids even go to the movies?
1. What did Cosgrove do before he became a teacher teaching history?
A.A clerk working in a gym.
B.A man running a bank.
C.A sportsman.
D.A historian.
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中提到“...the young former investment banker．．．”。故应选B。
2. On the way to school, Cosgrove
A.was deep in thought of his past.
B.was thinking of who Lee was.
C.was thinking of how to teach his class.
D.was having a talk with another passenger.
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中提到“On his 30-minute commute…dream up new ways of．．”。故应选C。
3. It can be inferred from the passage that
A.the task for Cosgrove is quite heavy.
B.the students are enthusiastic about history study.
C.the students has little interest in history study.
D.West Milford once was a factory town.
A B C D
C
[解析] 由全文可以看出，学生们对历史研究其实没有多大兴趣。故应选C。
4. Which of the following is true according to this passage?
A.Only the students in high school were poor in history study.
B.Only college students could not study history well.
C.Students at every level have poor knowledge of history.
D.All American's knowledge of history was poor.
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中提到“...the students’poor preparation in history，．．．It's the bane of history teachers at every level．”。故应选C。
5. What's the meaning of the word "bane" in the 6th line of the last paragraph?
A.Headache.
B.Ban.
C.Pleasure.
D.Opportunity.
A B C D
A
[解析] bane意为“祸根，灾害”，此文中引申为“令人头痛的事”。故应选A。
Text 3 In their darker moments, climatologists talk about their own "nightmare scenario". This is one where global warming has caused such significant climatic changes that ocean currents change direction. One scene from the nightmare has the Gulf Stream moving south or even going into reverse, making winter in London look and feel like a St Petersburg January. The ocean is a great moderating influence on the planet, soaking up heat around the tropics and depositing it in the cooler polar regions. Yet scientists know surprisingly little about how the sea does this―they estimate that the North Atlantic alone moves energy equivalent to the output of several hundred million power stations. Last year oceanographers began their biggest international research initiative to learn more about ocean circulation. The first results from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment demonstrate just how complex the movement of sea-water can be. They have also given scientists a glance of the amount of heat being exchanged between the oceans and the atmosphere. As part of the experiment, researchers are monitoring the speed and direction of ocean currents, water temperature and salinity. Research ships taking part will gather detailed measurements at 24, 000 points or "stations" a long carefully designated trans-ocean mutes. This undertaking dwarfs the 8, 000 hydrographic stations created in the past hundred years of ocean surveying, A fleet of ships, buoys, seabed sensors and satellites will collect so much data that Britain, one of the 40 countries taking part, has opened a research institute, the James Rennell Centre for Ocean Circulation in Southampton, to process them. One of the justifications for the experiment, says John Woods, director of marine and atmospheric sciences at the Natural Environment Research Council, is that the oceans hold the key to understanding long-term changes in the global climate. The Earth has two "envelopes"―the ocean, consisting of slowly circulating water, and the atmosphere, made of fast-moving air. Far from being independent, they interact, one modifying the other until a balance is reached between them. The present balance came about at the end of the last Ice Age, about 10, 000 years ago. Scientists hope that knowing more about the ocean's "weather patterns" will help them to predict climate changes further ahead. Knowing how heat is moving around the ocean is decisive to such long-term forecasting. The top three metres of the ocean store more heat than all of the atmosphere. Some of the heat can be transported downward between 30 metres and several thousand metres. The deeper it goes, the longer it stays out of the atmosphere. Water heated in the equatorial region flows in shallow currents north or south towards the poles, where it releases its heat to the air and, as it becomes colder and denser, sinks to the sea floor, where it forms deep, cold currents that back to the equator. John Gould, one of the British scientists taking part in the ocean circulation experiment, is discovering just how this occurs in the North Atlantic. Shallow currents, less than 500m deep, of warm water at about 8℃ flow from the Atlantic into the Norwegian Sea, mainly along a path that follows the point where the continental shelf ends and the deep mid-ocean valleys begin. Meanwhile, at depth down to 5,000, deep currents of cold water at about minus 1℃ flow south into the Atlantic along the deep ocean valley. ( Salt water at this depth does not freeze at 0℃ ) Sensors positioned on the seabed have given Dr Gould and his researchers an accurate assessment of just how much cold water is flowing back into the North Atlantic and have given up its heat to the atmosphere over north-west Europe. In total, he estimates, about 5 million cubic metres of water per second flows in these deep currents between Greenland and the British Isles. This means the warm water of the North Atlantic must be giving up about 200 million megawatts of energy to the atmosphere over north-west Europe. Research at the other end of the world, in the seas around Antarctica, is also finding that sea floor topography plays a crucial role in determining the direction of ocean currents. In the past, oceanographers have assumed, for instance, that surface currents such as the Gulf Stream do not extend much beyond a kilometre in depth. But an analysis of currents in Antarctic waters has shown that cur rents are not concentrated in the top kilometre, but reach down to the submerged mountain ranges. Dr Woods believes such research will help to save lives. "More deaths can be prevented by ocean forecasting, than by weather forecasting and our economic and social well-being are more vulnerable to change in the ocean than in the atmosphere."
1. Some scientists believe that global warming could
A.modify ocean currents.
B.change wind directions in the polar regions.
C.reduce the influence of currents.
D.increase wind speed.
A B C D
A
[解析] 文中第一段提到"This is one where global warming has caused such significant climatic changes that ocean currents change direction．”。故应选A。
2. The first results have already confirmed
A.that heat is stocked at great depth.
B.that the last Ice Age ended about 10, 000 years ago.
C.the complexity of ocean currents.
D.that Gulf Stream currents are situated in the surface layer of water.
A B C D
C
[解析] 文中第三段提到"The first results from．．．demonstrate just how complex the movement of sea-water can be．”。故应选C。
3. Heat is transferred from the tropics to the poles
A.in the surface currents.
B.in the atmosphere,
C.in the deep currents.
D.along the seabed.
A B C D
A
[解析] 文中第六段提到“Some of the heat．．．north or south towards the poles，．．．”。故应选A。
4. The atmosphere and the ocean
A.influence the climate iespectively.
B.interact and create a global climatic balance.
C.have no effect on the climate.
D.have only modified the climate since the last Ice Age.
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中第五段提到“The Earth has．．．the ocean，．．．and the atmosphere，．．．they interact，one modifing the other until a balance is reached between them．”。故应选B。
5. Why is this research considered to be of great importance?
A.It will enable scientists of the future to prevent extreme climatic changes.
B.It will help scientists predict climate changes.
C.It unites a large number of different countries.
D.It will help dissipate the climatologists' "nightmare scenario".
A B C D
B
[解析] 文中提到这项研究之所以重要，是因为它能帮助科学家们预测气候变化。故应选B。
Part B
Strong Yuan Prevents Asia-wide Collapse
CHINA will continue to keep the yuan stable this year, said an article in the Financial News. Ex cerpts follow: Recently, the People's Bank of China, China's central bank, has restated that China will continue to keep its commitment to not devalue its currency this year. This decision will undoubtedly play an active role in building up investors' confidence and help pull the Asian economy out of the doldrums. Some people argue that the devaluation of the renminbi would relieve pressures on the country's exports and thus promote China's economy forward. 66.__________________________ Although devaluation might help temporarily beef up exports, it would swell China's foreign debts and put a lid on the import of updated technology and advanced equipment badly needed in China. If China devaluated its currency for its short-term interests, it would induce a new round of devaluations in neighbouring nations. As all Asian economies fed on each other, the devaluation would ultimately hurt China's economy. If China collapsed, woe would befall on all. Also, the good investment climate China needs to keep its reform going rests on the stability of the yuan. But in a bid to keep the currency stable, the government still has to strengthen its efforts to clamp down on any illegal foreign exchange such as evasion of foreign exchange payments and fraudulent practices. Exports count despite the unfavorable external climate, expanding exports should top the agenda of the government, said an article in the Economic Daily. Excerpts follow: This year, the central government has set 7 per cent as its economic growth target. 67.__________________________ But this does not necessarily mean that the important role of exports in the national economy should be played down. Adherence to opening up has proven to be an asset and China should continue to pursue in its reform. Only when both domestic and international markets are healthy will the country be able to mini mize fallout from the Asian financial crisis. Expanding exports is instrumental to maintaining healthy economic growth. Statistics show that the proportion of exports in the national economy has increased to 20.9 per cent in 1997 from only 6 per cent in 1980. 68.__________________________ This is a lesson China should learn from the Asian financial crisis. One of the major reasons for the crisis is that most Asian countries failed to keep the balance of international payments, a factor which can help reduce financial risks. There is still the possibility that exports will grow at moderate rate because of big demand for Chinese products despite a recent drop caused by its neighbours' troubles. The government should take drastic measures to boost exports with an effort to ensure the realization of its targeted economic growth. Tensions to ease 69.__________________________ A few days ago, the fourth meeting of the four-party talks on the Korean Peninsular issue ended in Geneva. During the meeting, the four parties―China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), the Republic of Korea (ROK) and the United States―conducted a constructive and fruitful discussion. They also agreed that two work teams should start to work on easing tension and establishing a peace mechanism. For the past 50 years, Northeast Asia has remained a hotspot. 70.__________________________ In recent years, the parties concerned have made some efforts to further relax the situation. In 1997, the four-party talk mechanism was established. Despite wide rifts, the situation on the Korean Peninsular will ease provided the talks are continued in a flexible and pragmatic way, and an attitude of seeking common ground is adopted. A. Also, increasing exports can help the government maintain the balance of international payment and stabilize the renminbi. B. To meet this end, the government has resolved to stimulate the stagnant domestic market as its long-term strategy. C. So long as talks go on and the parties involved adopt a flexible and pragmatic attiude, tension on the Korean Peninsula will ease, said a commentary in the People's Daily. Excerpts follow: D. Analysts also noted the continued slowdown of capital inflow into Asia as investors remained wary of the impact of the Brazil crisis spreading to the United States, in turn affecting Asia's recovery. E. The problem lies in the long confrontation between the two nations on the peninsula. And be cause some nations have been taking an unjust, prejudicial and unpractical attitude in dealing with the issue, the situation has been intensified. F. That view is partially true but does not reveal the whole picture.
1.
F
[解析] 由上下两段段意可以得知，只有F放在此处可以使上下文衔接，意思连贯。故应选F。
2.
B
[解析] 由上一段中的“．．．the central government．．．”可以看出，只有B中的“．．．the government has．．．”与之呼应。故应选B。
Part C Answer questions 71～80 by referring to the following book reviews. Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choices may be required more than once. Which book... A Change can be a blessing or a curse, depending on your perspective. The message of Who Moved My Cheese? is that all can come to see it as a blessing, if they understand the nature of cheese and the role it plays in their lives. Who Moved My Cheese? is a parable that takes place in a maze. Four beings live in that maze: Sniff and Scurry are mice―nonanalytical and nonjudgmental, they just want cheese and are willing to do whatever it takes to get it. Hem and Haw are "little people", mouse-size humans who have an entirely different relationship with cheese. It's not just sustenance to them; it's their self-image. Their lives and belief systems are built around the cheese they've found. Most of us reading the story will see the cheese as something related to our livelihoods―our jobs, our career paths, the industries we work in―although it can stand for anything, from health to re lationships. The point of the story is that we have to be alert to changes in the cheese, and be prepared to go running off in search of new sources of cheese when the cheese we have runs out. Dr. Johnson, co-author of The One Minute Manager and many other books, presents this parable to business, church groups, schools, military orgazinations―any place where you find people who may be nervous about or resist change. And although more analytical and skeptical readers may find the tale a little too simplistic, its beauty is that it sums up all natural history in just 94 pages: Thingy change. They always have changed and always will change. And while there's no single way to deal with change, the consequence of pretending change won't happen is always the same: The cheese runs out. B Personal-finance author and lecturer Robert Kiyosaki established his unique economic per spective through exposure to a pair of disparate influences: his own highly educated but fiscally unstable father, and the multimillionaire eighth-grade dropout father of his closest friend. The lifelong monetary problems experienced by his "poor dad"( whose weekly paychecks, while respectable, were never quite sufficient to meet family needs) pounded home the counterpoint communicated by his "rich dad"( that "the poor and the middle class work for money", but "the rich have money work for them"). Taking that message to heart, Kiyosaki was able to retire at 47. Rich Dad, Poor Dad, written with consultant and CPA Sharon L. Lechter, lays out the philosophy behind his relation ship with money. Although Kiyosaki can take a frustratingly long time to make his points, his book nonetheless compellingly advocates for the type of "financial literacy" that's never taught in schools. Based on the principle that income-generating assets always provide healthier bottom-line results than even the best of traditional jobs, it explains how those assets might be acquired so that the jobs can e ventually be shed. C What do you do after you've written the No. 1 best-seller The Millionaire Next Door? Survey 1,371 more millionaires and write The Millionaire Mind. Dr. Stanley's extremely timely tone is a mixture of entertaining elements. It resembles Regis Philbin's hit show ( and CD-ROM game)Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, only you have to pose real-life questions, instead of quizzing about trivia. Are you gambling, divorce-prone, conspicuously consuming "Income-Statement Affluent" Jacuzzi fool soon to be parted from his or her money, or a frugal, Noyal, resole your shoes and buy your own groceries type like one of Stanley's "Balance-Sheet Affluent" millionaires? "Cheap dates," millionaires are 4.9 times likelier to play with their grandkids than shop at Brooks Brothers. "If you asked the average American what it takes to be a millionaire," he writes, "they'd probably quoted a number of predictable factors: inheritance, luck, stock market investments... Topping his list would be a high IQ, high SAT scores and gradepoint average, along with attendance at a top college. "No way, says Stanley, backing it up with data he compiled with help from the University of Georgia and Harvard geodemographer Jon Robbin. Robbin may wish he'd majored in socializing at LSU, instead, because the numbers show the average millionaire had a lowly 2.92 GPA, SAT scores between 1,100 and 1, 190, and teachers who told them they were mediocre students but personable people. "Discipline 101 and Tenacity 102" made them wealthy. Stanley got straight C's in English and writing, but he had money-minded drive. He urges you to pattern your life according to Yale professor Robert Sternberg's Successful Intelligence, because Stanley's statistics bear out Sternberg's theories on what makes minds succeed―and it ain't IQ. Besides offering insights into millionaires' pinchpenny ways, pleasing quips (" big brain, no bucks" ), and 46 statistical charts with catchy titles, Stanley's book booms with human-potential pep talk and bristles, with anecdotes―for example ,about a bus driver who made ＄3 million, a doctor( re porting that his training gave him zero people skills)who lost ＄1.5 million, and a loser scholar in the bottom 10 percent on six GRE tests who grew up to be Martin Luther King Jr. Read it and you'll feel like a million bucks.
1. · places an stress on something that can hardly be learnt at school?
B
[解析] B中提到“．．．that's never taught in schools．”。故应选B。
2. · is particularly helpful for those who fear changes?
A
[解析] A中提到“．．．any place where you find people who may be nervous about or resist change．”。故应选A。
3. · tells readers it doesn't follow that those who don't have good academic achievement will not make a fortune?
C
[解析] 由C可以看出，并非在学校里取得好成绩的人就会致富。故应选C。
4. · is not written by a single writer?
B
[解析] B中提到“．．．written with consultant and CPA Sharon L．Lechter，．．．”。故应选B。
5. · tells a very simple story but it contains many messages?
A
[解析] A中提到“And although．．．readers may find the tale a little too simplistic，its beauty is that it sums up all natural history in just 94 pages．．．”。故应选A。
6. · seems not to express ideas straightforward?
B
[解析] B书讲述观点并非是直接的，而是通过举例。故应选B。
7. · is written by the one who also wrote a lot of other works with other writers?
A
[解析] A中提到“Dr．Johnson，co-author of．．．and many other books，．．．”。故应选A。
8. · is probably full of facts?
C
[解析] C中列举了大量事实。故应选C。
9. · is not only statistical but also interesting?
C
[解析] 由C最后一段可以看出C书不仅statistical而且interesting。故应选C。
10. · is not related to finance?
A
[解析] A 中提 “Most of us... related to our livelihoods--our... --although it can stand for anything, from health to relationship. ”。可见，A 书与财经无关。故应选A。
Section IV Writing
1. For this part, you are allowed 40 minutes to write a composition on Job Problems for Graduates. Study the following charts carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the charts. Outline: 1 ) state the changes in college graduates' choices of careers; 2 ) give possible reasons for the changes; 3 ) propose some solutions to the problems. You should quote as few figures as possible. You should write no less than 250 words. Write your article on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Each year thousands of graduates flood the job market, waving their college diplomas and certificates, expecting better jobs in their majors, only to be frustrated and disappointed. According to the charts, only 58 percent of college graduates in 1992 could find jobs in their specialities, compared with 89 percent in 1981 when China had its first college graduates after the Cultural Revolution. Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get a rewarding job? One reason perhaps is that many colleges and universities fail to gear their curricular to the development of industries. Degree courses offered in these colleges and universities are so out-dated and irrelevant and impractical that the employers as well as the students themselves find it hard to translate their book knowledge into real job skills. No one wants to know about their mind-broadening and horizon-widening qualities, and few are willing to spend time and budget on training raw recruits. Second, there is an oversupply of graduates in certain specialities, and this o versupply is increasing. Already there is an overbundance of lawyers, executive secretaries, sales engineers and other specialists due to the ambitious investment and booming industries brought on by the economic reforms in the recent years. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out the graduates of these specialities to compete for jobs that aren't there. The result is that many of them cannot enter the professions for which they are trained and have to take other jobs which do not require a college degree. On the other hand, there is a tremendous need for teachers, research workers and public officials. But the disparity in pay between intellectual work and un- skilled labor frustrates the hope and ambition of the graduates who major in education, government, and liberal arts. High wages offered in big hotels and joint ventures are too strong a temptation for young boys and girls to overcome young boys and girls who, fresh out of college and eager to begin life, need money badly. Many of them have to part with their favourite yet ill-paid specialities. College graduates are valuable resources in our country and no one has the right to waste the wealth of talent. The problems they encounter in job hunting de serve more attention from the colleges and the governent. The college, when still serving as a gathering place for young pelple to search for scientific and philosophic truths, should get students out of the ivory tower and gear their courses to the needs of industry and business. The governent should provide college graduates with more vocational opportunities to develop new skills, and at the same time raise the wages in the intellectual field so as to retain those who are willingly devoted to academic studies and scientific research.
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