1. Sally likes to tease her brother about his girl friends.
A.charm
B.laugh at
C.criticize
D.respect
A B C D
B
2. America's emphasis on the importance of education for everyone has spurred scientific research.
A.encouraged
B.endangered
C.endorsed
D.enlarged
A B C D
A
3. You have to follow the guide whose sole interest is to cover all spots according to his strict schedule.
A.obvious
B.simple
C.only
D.assumed
A B C D
C
4. In 1861, it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.
A.strange
B.certain
C.inconsistent
D.proper
A B C D
B
5. Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed.
A.convert
B.store
C.utilize
D.receive
A B C D
C
6. First editions of certain popular books cannot be obtained for love or money.
A.at any place
B.at any price
C.in any language
D.in any country
A B C D
B
7. In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color of objects that arouses the bull.
A.confuses
B.excites
C.scares
D.diverts
A B C D
B
8. Sulfur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state.
A.regularly
B.accidentally
C.sometimes
D.successfully
A B C D
C
9. Many fine cooks insist on ingredients (成分) of the highest quality.
A.demand
B.rely on
C.prepare for
D.create
A B C D
A
10. The company recommended that a new petrol station (should) be built here.
A.ordered
B.insisted
C.suggested
D.demanded
A B C D
C
11. It hard for the young people to imagine what severe conditions their parents once lived under.
A.sincere
B.hard
C.strict
D.tight
A B C D
B
12. They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.
A.solve
B.determine
C.untie
D.complete
A B C D
A
13. The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe.
A.argued
B.predicted
C.said
D.suggested
A B C D
A
14. He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress.
A.despair
B.difficulty
C.need
D.danger
A B C D
D
15. The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.
A.puzzling
B.difficult
C.terrifying
D.urgent
A B C D
D
第2部分：阅读判断 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 An Observation and an Explanation It is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves towards her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning require little comment, but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing. Careful studies have shown the fact that 80 percent of mothers hold their infants in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked to explain the significance of this preference most people reply that it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in the population. By holding the babies in their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for manipulations. But a detailed analysis shows that this is not the case. True, there is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed females; but not enough to provide adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 percent of right-handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but so do 78 percent of left-handed mothers. In other words, only 22 percent of the left-handed mothers have their dominant hands free for actions. Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation. The only other clue comes from the fact that the heart is on the side of the mother's body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother the unborn baby get used to the sound of the heart beat. If this is so, then the re-discovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a claiming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been born into a strange and frighteningly new world. If this is so then the mother would, somehow, soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held on the left against her heart than on the right.
1. We can learn a lot by observing the position in which a mother holds her baby against her body.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
2. Most left-handed women feel comfortable by holding their babies in their left arm and keep the right arm free.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
C
3. The number of right-handed mothers who hold the baby on the left side exceeds that of left- handed ones by 22%. A. Right g. Wrong C. Not mentioned
A B C
B
4. The fact that most left-handed mothers hold the baby on their left side renders the first explanation unsustainable.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
5. The fact that the heart is on the left side of the mother's body provides the most convincing explanation of all.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
6. A baby held in the right arm of its mother can be easily frightened.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
C
7. The writer's explanation of the phenomenon is supported by the fact that babies tend to be more peaceful if held in their mothers’ left arms than in the right arms.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Museums in the Modern World 1. Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now. 2. At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modem Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members 'of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing. 3. More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and paper making. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world (y[ science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and children's departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one "should" visit, they are places to enjoy. 4. One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups ,like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times. 5. The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year. 6. In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.
1. Paragraph 2______ A. Causes of Changes B. Increasing Number of Museums and Visitors C. Museums Getting Closer to More Spectators D. Movies Shown in Museums E. New Notions about the Management of Museums F. Places to Visit
C
2. Paragraph 3______
E
3. Paragraph 4______
A
4. Paragraph 5______
B
5. Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but______ A. have higher demands of museums B. are open to more people with different social background C. to lengthen their opening hours D. charge too little for admission E. have been built and open to public F. by lowering the admission fees
B
6. With the development of society, people, especially the young people ______
A
7. To meet the needs of society, more museums______
E
8. Two major problems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they______
D
第4部分：阅读理解 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 High Stress May Damage Memory According to a report issued in May 1998, elderly people who have consistently high blood levels of cortisol don’t score as well on memory tests as their peers with lower levels of the stress hormone. What’s more, high levels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking of the hippocampus, a region of the brain that plays a key role in learning and memory. The findings suggest that even cortisol levels in the normal, "healthy" range can actually accelerate brain aging. The study results "now provide substantial evidence that long-term exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elderly humans," write Nada Porter and Philip Land- field of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial. Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands ,which sit on top of the kidneys. Over a 5 to 6-year period ,Dr. Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24-hour cortisol levels in 51 healthy volunteers ,most of whom were in their 70s. Despite wide variation in cortisol levels, the participants could be divided into three subgroups, those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high (increasing/high); those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently moderate (increasing/moderate); and subjects whose cortisol decreased, but was currently moderate (decreasing/moderate). The researchers tested the volunteers' memory on six people in the increasing/high category and five people in the decreasing/moderate group. The groups did not differ on tests of immediate memory, but the increasing/high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing/moderate group. The researchers also found that the total, volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing/high group was 14 % lower than those in the decreasing/moderate group, although there were no differences in other brain regions. The results suggest that "... brain aging can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within, this normal range is related to variation in the rate of brain aging,' write Porter and Landfield. "This further, suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus. '
1. The part of the brain important for a person's learning, and memory is
A.the cortisol.
B.the adrenal glands.
C.the stress hormones.
D.the hippocampus.
A B C D
D
2. When the levels of cortisol go higher, the hippocampus in the brain may
A.become larger.
B.become smaller.
C.disappear completely.
D.be totally damaged.
A B C D
B
3. According to the article, when people feel too worried or nervous or when they overwork,
A.the adrenal glands will produce a stress hormone.
B.the kidneys will produce adrenal glands.
C.the hippocampus will produce high levels of cortisol in the blood.
D.the brain will work more effe4tive~y'
A B C D
A
4. It appears that when the total volume of the hippocampus becomes smaller as a result of high blood levels of cortisol, other brain regions
A.become smaller too.
B.become larger.
C.may remain the same in size.
D.maybe damaged.
A B C D
C
5. The research conducted by Porter and Landfield shows that
A.changes in the levels of adrenal hormones have nothing to do with brain aging.
B.changes in the levels of adrenal hormones may affect brain aging.
C.chronic stress may strengthen a man's memory.
D.the rate of brain aging always remains stable.
A B C D
B
第二篇 Prolonging Human Life Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago, Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an in- crease in birthrates, that has 1ed to the population explosion. Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency (依赖) load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent of the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine (饥荒), infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved (使挨饿), whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to works we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States, many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged (中年) peoples unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often "go on welfare (福利)" if they have a serious illness. When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply "dumping grounds" for the dying in which "care" is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under skilled personnel.
1. The writer believes that the population explosion results from
A.an increase in birthrates.
B.the industrial development.
C.a decrease in death rates.
D.cultural advances.
A B C D
C
2. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures
A.it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive.
B.infants could be left dead in times of starvation.
C.parents had to impart the cultural wisdom of the tribe to their children.
D.death was considered to be freedom from hardships.
A B C D
B
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true
A.Many of them have a very hard life.
B.They cannot live a decent life without enough bank savings.
C.They rely mainly on their children for financial support.
D.Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after.
A B C D
A
4. In Paragraph 3, the phrase "this need" refers to
A.the need to prolong the lives of old people.
B.the need to enrich the life of the retired people.
C.the need to build profit-making nursing homes.
D.the need to take care of sick and weak people.
A B C D
D
5. Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude toward most of the nursing homes, and convalescent hospitals?
A.Sympathetic.
B.Unfriendly.
C.Optimistic.
D.Critical.
A B C D
D
第三篇 Famous American Foods What, besides children, connects mothers around the world and across the seas of time? It's chicken soup, one prominent American food expert says. From Russian villages to Africa and Asia, chicken soup has been the remedy for those weak in body and spirit. Mothers passed their knowledge on w ancient writers of Greece, China and Rome, and even 12th century philosopher and physician Moses Maimonides extolled (赞美) its virtues. Among the ancients, Aristotle thought poultry should stand in higher estimation than four-legged, animals because the air is less dense than the earth. Chickens got another boost (吹捧) in the Book of Genesis, where it is written that birds and fish Were created on the fifth day, a day before four-legged animals. But according to Mimi Sheraton, who has spent much of the past three years exploring the world of chicken soup, much of the reason for chicken's real Or imagined curative (治愈的) powers comes from its color. Her new book, The Whole World Loves Chicken Soup, looks at the beloved and mysterious brew with dozens of recipes from around the world. Throughout the ages, she said, "There has been a lot of feeling that white-colored foods are easier to eat [or the weak-woman and the ill." In addition, "soups, or anything for that matter eaten with a spoon" are considered "comfort foods" Sheraton said. "I love soup and love making soup and as ! Was collecting recipes I began to see this as an international dish. It has a universal mystique as something curative, a strength builder, "Sheraton said from her New York home. Her book treats the oldest remedy as if it Was brand new. The National Broiler Council, the trade group representing the chicken industry, reported that 51 percent of the people it surveyed said they bought chicken because it was healthier, 50 percent said it was versatile, 41 percent said it was economical and 46 percent said it was low in fat.
1. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A.Prominent American Foods.
B.History of the Chicken Soup.
C.Chicken Soup Recipes.
D.Chicken Soup, a Universal Cure All.
A B C D
D
2. Since ancient times, the value of chicken soup
A.has been over-estimated.
B.has been widely acknowledged.
C.has been appreciated only by philosophers.
D.has been known only to mothers.
A B C D
B
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Chicken soup has a very long history.
B.Since ancient times, chicken soup has been a home remedy.
C.Poultry usually stands higher than four-legged animals.
D.Four-legged animals were said to be created on the sixth day.
A B C D
C
4. According to Sheraton, chicken soup has curative powers mainly for
A.its color.
B.its task.
C.its flavor.
D.its recipe.
A B C D
A
5. It can be said from the survey that chicken is
A.a main dish.
B.a popular food.
C.cheaper than any other food.
D.all of the above.
A B C D
B
第5部分：补全对话 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 Dung to death Fields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics (抗生素) given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed (喷射) onto fields as fertilizers (肥料), could be getting into our food and water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant "superbugs” The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry. 1 Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth. 2 Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end :up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology in Dubendorf. 3 With millions of tons of animals manure (施肥于) spread onto fields of crops such as wheat and barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route for spreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate (污染) the crops, which are then eaten. 4 Mueller is particularly concerned about a group of antibiotics called sulphonamides. 5 His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously. There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged and are not broken down by conventional sewage (用污水灌溉) treatment. A. They do not easily degrade or dissolve in water. B. And manure contains especially high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics, he says. C. Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid. D. But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people. E. His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animals feed. F. They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.
1.
E
2.
D
3.
B
4.
F
5.
A
第6部分：完形填空 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 Migrant workers In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. 1 some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East, 2 increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 3 outsiders to improve local facilities. 4 the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the U. s. A. and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, 5 South Korea and Japan. In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, it is not 6 that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least 7 money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them. Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. 8 , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other 9 safety and comfort. 10 , many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly 11 the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions 12 problems rather than do routine work in their home country. One major problem which 13 migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. 14 , migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the 15 financial benefits which they receive.
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