Part Ⅰ Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1. 1.建设绿色校园很重要 2.绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境…… 3.为了建设绿色校园,我们应该…… Creating a Green Campus ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________
[范文] Creating a Green Campus It is of great importance to make and maintain a green campus in our university or college. Obviously, a growing number of people are beginning to realize that it is our duty to do that in the present days, since the concept of "a green world" has become the focus of the society. The idea of "a green campus" is beyond a green environment. To begin with, the development on the campus is to be sustainable and recyclable. Some of the authorities' budget should be put on how to reduce the waste. What's more, we'd better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. Thus the idea of environmental protection may become a common occurrence in our daily life. It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to protect our campus from waste and pollution, and hence these activities are to play an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Certainly, there is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campuses.
[解析] 本次写作试题要求对“创建绿色校园”进行阐述分析。这种题目沿袭了近几年来四六级考试的作文题目主要围绕校园生活这一特点。写作提纲也跟以往相似:先阐述现象,然后就此现象的产生原因或应对措施或危害进行分层次分析,最后在第三段发表个人见解,一般是预测未来趋势或者进行呼吁。在第一部分中,考生可以先描写创建绿色校园是非常重要的(It is of great importance to make and maintain a green campus in our university or college.),并说明越来越多的人意识到了这一点;接着在第二段中阐述绿色校园的理念不仅仅是指绿色的环境(The idea of“a green campus” is beyond a green environment.) 还指出学校的可持续发展(the development on the campus is to be sustainable and recyclable),此段在进行问题阐述的时候用了句型To begin with…What’s more,…最后一段按照要求谈一谈对于创建绿色环境我们应该做些什么。作者提出应该采取一些有效的措施来保护我们的校园不被污染(It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to protect our campus from waste and pollution.),在未来也要对我们的绿色校园有更多的思考(Certainly,there is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campuses.)。 关键词:a green campus;green environment;development;waste and pollution;protect;effective actions
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. College taking another look at values of merit-based aid Good grades and high test scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid. But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as "merit aid", is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars. George Washington University in Washington, D.C. , for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago. Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aids alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008. Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don't meet need eligibility (资格) have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school. For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running. But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profile. "They're trying to buy students," says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum. Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it. "As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid," says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Report's ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17. Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $1 million a year, "served us well," Inzer says, but "to be discounting the price for families that don't need financial aid doesn't feel right any more." Need-based aid remains by far the largest share if all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by school and states, is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level. Between 1995-1996 and 2003-2004, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state's public institutions. But in recent years, a growing chorus(异口同声) of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be "a sign that people are starting to realize that there's this destructive competition going on." says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need. David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors. "No one can take one-sided action," says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption (豁免) from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid. "This is a merry-go-round that's going very fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks of trying to break away by themselves." A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don't qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, as tuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs. That is one reason Allegheny College doesn't plan to drop merit aid entirely. "We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly value the scholarship," says Scott Friedhiff, Allegheny's vice president for enrollment. Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a $4.7 billion endowment (捐赠), meanwhile, is taking another approach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its 28-year-old merit program. "Yeah, we're playing the merit game," acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduate education. But it has its strong points, too, he says. "The fact of tile matter is, it's not just about the lowest-income people. It's the average American middle-class family who's being priced out of the market." A few words about merit-based aid: Merit-based aid is aid offered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and is generally known as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships. Academic merit scholarships are based on students' grades, GPA and overall academic performance during high school. They are typically meant for students going straight to college right after high school, However, there are scholarships for current college students with exceptional grades as well. These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases, students may need to be recommended by their school or a teacher as part of the qualification process. Athletic merit scholarships are meant for students that excel (突出) in sports of any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for these scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee (裁判). Applicants need to send in a tape containing their best performance. Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music, dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio(选辑) of some sort, whether that includes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.
1. With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are ______.
A.offering students more merit-based aid
B.revising their financial aid policies
C.increasing the amount of financial aid
D.changing their admission processes
A B C D
B
判断推埋题。根据题干中的关键词more and more low-income students将目光锁定在文章的第二段with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years,some schools are re-examining whether that aid,typically known as“merit aid”,is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.(随着大量低收人家庭的孩子在未来的大学教育中占据越来越大的比例,一些学校在重新审视他们所实施的奖学金制度是否能够使珍贵的教育经费得到充分利用。)后面又举出若干大学减少奖学金发放的例子以证明这个观点。本题中的A和C与文章的观点和示例相反,因此可以排除;D在文章中没有提及,可排除。只有B是对于这部分内容的正确归纳,因此B是答案。
2. What did Allegheny College in Meadville do three years ago?
A.It tried to implement a novel financial aid program.
B.It added $ 2.5 million to its need-based aid program.
C.It phased out its merit-based scholarships altogether.
D.It cut its merit-based aid to help the needy student's.
A B C D
D
判断推理题。根据关键词Allegheny College in Meadville锁定文章第三段的最后一句Allegheny College in Meadville,Pa.,made a similar decision three years ago.(阿勒格尼大学三年前就有类似决定。)在这里这个类似决定是什么呢?从上下文可以看出,它的决定和乔治·华盛顿大学一样,即:减少奖学金的获奖人数和总数。并将结余用在那些闪家庭贫困而申请助学金的人身上。答案是D。
3. The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to ______.
A.improve teaching quality
B.boost their enrollments
C.attract good students
D.increase their revenues
A B C D
C
细节题。根据rankings-conscious colleges找到文章的第七段But for rankings-conscious schools in between,merit aid has served primarily as 9 tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profile.(对于很看重排名的学校,奖学金是一种选拔优等生的很好的手段,从而能够提高这些学校的学术面貌。)答案C就是对原文recruit top students的原意引申。因此答案是C。
4. Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, believes ______.
A.it doesn't pay to spend $1 million a year to raise its ranking
B.it gives students motivation to award academic achievements
C.it's illogical to use so much money on only 4% of its students
D.it's not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition
A B C D
D
判断推理题。根据人名Monica Inzer锁定答案在文章的第九和十段,根据上下文知道这一部分主要说明奖学金极大地有利于那些不能负担得起大学教育的人。他说As we look to the future,we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid(当我们面向未来时,我们看到一个更紧迫的任务就是多投入一些钱在助学金上面),同时他还认为”to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”(给那些不需要资金资助的家庭奖学金看来是不正确的),这和答案D的意思是统一的,因此答案是D。
5. In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to ______.
A.more government funding to colleges
B.fierce competition among institutions
C.the increasing number of top students
D.schools' improved financial situations
A B C D
B
判断推理题。沿着上一道题的思路继续往下读就能找到本题的答案。文章在第十二、三段讲到奖学金的迅猛发展,比例之大甚至是助学金的4倍之多。学校提供奖学金主要就是为了招收优等学生。根据题干中的关键词In recent years找到文章的第十三段,这一段说明人们对于这种盲目扩大奖学金的看法:a growing chorus of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice.Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be“a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on.”(越来越多的批评者开始给学校施加压力以遏制这种行为。汉密尔顿及其他大学的做法“表明人们开始意识到这种破坏性的竞争的存在。”)做对这道题要抓住对原文destructive competition going on的理解。因此选B。
6. What is the attitude of many private colleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?
A.They would like to see it reduced.
B.They regard it as a necessary evil.
C.They think it does more harm than good.
D.They consider it unfair to middle-class families.
A B C D
B
判断推理题。根据题干中的关键词找到文章的第十四段,明尼苏达州私立学校联合会主席David Laird说到many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so,they would lose top students to their competitors.(许多学校愿意减少奖学金的数量,但是担心这样做会将那些优等学生拱手让给他们的竞争对手),所以他们对于奖学金这件事情是一种矛盾的心理,即认为有必要减少它,但又有担心。对比四个选项.A只是片面地理解了文章这部分的含义,可排除;C和D在文章中没有这样的结论。做这道题要注意题干中限定的范围,即私立学校们对于这件事情的看法。答案是B。
7. Why doesn't Allegheny College plan to drop merit aid entirely?
A.Rising tuitions have made college unaffordable for middle-class families.
B.With rising incomes, fewer students are applying for need-based aid.
C.Many students from middle income families have come to rely on it.
D.Rising incomes have disqualified many students for need-based aid.
A B C D
C
细节题。虽然题干中有关键词Allegheny College,但目光要锁定在文章的第十六段A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families,who don’t qualify for need-based aid,that many have come to depend on it. (一个非常重要的因素是奖学金在中产家庭中是非常普遍的,他们没有资格申请助学金,并且会很依赖奖学金。)这就是为什么阿勒格尼大学没有完全取消奖学金的原因。答案是C。
8. Annual renewal of academic merit scholarships depends on whether the recipients remain ______.
qualified
根据关键词academic merit scholarships找到文章的倒数第三段,本题是对原句These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills,and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify.的原意转述。本题的难度在于题目一句话中出现了三个原文同组的同义转换:第一,原文中的“each year”被转换成了“annual”;第二,原文中出现的过去分词“renewed”被转换成了名词“renewal”;第三,原文中的“continue”被转换成了“remain”。本题空格处对应文章部分应该是“continue to qualify”,因此有的同学填写的答案就是“to qualify”,或者“qualify”,结果是前功尽弃。题目中的第三个同义转换是“remain”,其主语是“recipients”,后面应该出现“qualify”的被动形式.因此本题答案应该是“qualified”才准确。
9. Applicants for athletic merit scholarships need a recommendation from a coach or a referee who ______ their exceptional athletic performance.
recognizes
答案在文章的倒数第二段,本题是对原句Recommendation for these scholarships is required,since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee.的原意转述。但是本题要填 recognizes.因为这个动词在定语从句中做谓语,而且语态是主动语态,注意动词数的变化。
10. Applicants for artistic merit scholarships must produce evidence to show their ______ in a particular artistic field.
portforlio
答案在文章的倒数第一段。Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art,design,fashion,music,dance or writing.Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio of some sort,whether that includes a collection of artwork,a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.(艺术类的奖学金要求申请者在某个特定的领域有所特长。它包括:艺术、设计、时装、音乐、舞蹈或写作。申请艺术类奖学金要求学生递交某种艺术形式的选辑,无论是艺术品的锦集,还是一张有关音乐表演的录音或舞蹈的光碟都可以。)通过对整段话的理解,结合这道题的题干,需要填的词是portforlio。
Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
[解析] M: Excuse me,do you have change for a ten-dollar note? I need to pay the parking meter. W: I'm sorry.But l think you can get it through the money changer in the shopping center across the Q: What is the man trying to do? 推理判断题。对话开始男士就问女士Excuse me,do you have change for a ten-dollar note?(请问你能找开10美元的零钱吗?)所以男士是要换零钱。B是说找购物中心;C是说在银行兑现支票;D是说找停车计时器,对话中均未提及,因此选择答案A。
2.
A.Shopping with his son.
B.Buying a gift for a child.
C.Promoting a new product.
D.Bargaining with a salesgirl.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Can you recommend something that n school boy of seven or eight will really like? W: I'd suggest this toy train,sir.It's an excellent brand.Very popular all over the world these days. Q: What is the mall doing? 推理判断题。对话中男士向女士问到Can you recommend something that a school boy of seven or eight will really like?(你能向我推荐一些七八岁男孩真正喜欢的东西吗?)女士建议toy train(玩具火车),证明男士是想给小孩买礼物。A是说给他儿子买东西;C是说促销新产品;D是说与售货员讨价还价,对话中均未提及,因此选择答案B。
3.
A.Taking photographs.
B.Enhancing images.
C.Mending cameras.
D.Painting pictures.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: Do you let people know when you are taking pictures of them? M: I try not to.You know,any picture of a person who poses for the camera would look dull and unnatural. Q: What are the speakers talking about? 细节题。对话开始,女士向男士问到Do you let people know when you are taking pictures of them?(你给人照相时让他们知道吗?),男士回答尽量不,解释摆姿势拍出来的照片看起来单调、不自然。B是提高形象;C是修理相机;D是给图片上颜色,对话中均未提及。正确答案是A。
4.
A.He moved to Baltimore when he was young.
B.He can provide little useful information.
C.He will show the woman around Baltimore.
D.He will ask someone else to help the woman.
A B C D
B
[解析] W: I need to talk to someone who knows Baltimore well.I'm told you lived there. M: Oh,but I was really young at the time. Q: What does the man mean? 推理判断题。女土想了解关于巴尔的摩的情况,而她被告知男士以前住在那儿。男士回答but I was really young at the time(但我当时住在巴尔的摩的时候非常小),暗含的意思是他也记得不太清楚,或者是差不多都忘了,与答案B他提供不了太多有用信息相对应。听对话时要注意but一词表转折,其后内容往往是听力重点。A是说他小的时候搬到了巴尔的摩,陈述事实,并不是男士要表达的意思;C是说他将带女士转
5.
A.He is rather disappointed.
B.He is highly ambitious.
C.He can't face up to the situation.
D.He knows his own limitations.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: Aren't you disappointed that you didn't get the promotion? M: Maybe a little. But I know I need more experience before I’m ready for that kind of responsibility. Q: What do we learn about the man from this conversation? 推理判断题。女士问男士没有被升职是否失望,男士回答Maybe a little.But I know I need more experience before I'm ready for that kind of responsibility.(或许有一点。但是我知道承担责任前需要学习更多经验。)A是说他非常失望,与男士的回答意思相反;B是说他非常有抱负,对话中未提及;C是说他不能面对现实,对话中也未提及。D事正确答案。
6.
A.She must have paid a lot for the gym.
B.She is known to have a terrific figure.
C.Her gym exercises has yielded good results.
D.Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: I've been working out the gym since January. I was a bit out of shape. M: You look terrific! It seems that your effort has paid off. Q: What does the man imply about the woman? 推理判断题。女士说从一月份开始她就在健身房锻炼了,那时她的身材不是很好。但是男士说You look terrific! It seems that your effort has paid off.(你现在看起来很棒,看来你的努力是有回报的。)与答案中 C“她的锻炼产生了好的结果”相对应。听时注意对话中的词组work out(锻炼身体),out of shape(身材不好),pay off(取得成功,得到好结果),以便理解对话。A是说她一定在健身房花了很多钱,对话中未提及,B是说她以身材好而出名,对话中只是男士夸她,与对话内容不符;D是说她为保持健康做的努力值得称赞,对话中也未提及。C是正确答案。
7.
A.Female students are unfit for studying physics.
B.He can serve as the woman's tutor.
C.Physics is an important course at school.
D.The professor's suggestion is constructive.
A B C D
D
[解析] W: Prof.Clark suggested I get a tutor for advanced physics. M: Well,that might help.Advanced physics is a pretty difficult course. Q: What does the man mean? 推理判断题。女士说Clark教授向她建议找个家教学高级物理课。男士回答Well,that might help.(那可能会有帮助。)并解释说高级物理是个相当难的课程。A是说女学生不适合学物理,与对话语义不符;B是说他可以做女士的教师,对话中没有提及;C是说物理在学校是门很重要的课程,对话中未提及。正确答案是D。
8.
A.Indifferent.
B.Doubtful.
C.Pleased.
D.Surprised.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: Bill, have you heard the latest news? It appears we two won't be laid off after all. M: Oh, I'm somewhat tired of working here. I've been wondering whether I should resign. Anyway, the news seems to be good for you. Q: How does the man feel about the news? 推理判断题。女士听说她和男士两个好像都不会失业,很高兴。而男士则表现冷淡,说到I'm somewhat tired of working here.I've been wondering whether I should resign.(我有点厌倦在这工作了。我一直在考虑是否应该辞职。)对话中lay off是“失业”的意思。B意为“怀疑的”;C“高兴的”;D“吃惊的”,均与对话内容语义不符。正确答案是A。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 19-22 W: Hello, Parkson college. May I help you? M: Yes. I'm looking for information on courses in computer programming. I would need it for the fourth semester. W: Do you want a day or evening course? M: Well, it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day. W: Aha. Have you taken any courses in data processing? M: No. W: Oh. Well, data processing is a course you have to take before you can take computer programming. M: Oh, I see. Well, when is it given? I hope it's not on Thursdays. W: Well, there's a class that meets on Monday evenings at seven. M: Just once a week? W: Yes. But that's almost three hours from seven to nine forty-five. M: Oh. Well, that's all right. I could manage that. How many weeks does the course last? W: Mmmm, let me see. Twelve weeks. You start the first week in September, and finish…, oh, just before Christmas, December 21st. M: And how much is the course? W: That's three hundred dollars including the necessary computer time. M: Aha. Okay. Ah, where do I go to register? W: Registration is on the second and third of September, between 6 and 9 in Frost Hall. M: Is that the round building behind the parking lot? W: Yes. That's the one. M: Oh, I know how to get there. Is there anything that I should bring with me? W: No, just your checkbook. M: Well, thank you so much. W: You are very welcome. Bye! M: Bye! 19. Why does the man choose to take an evening course? [答案解析] 细节题。对话开始,男士向女士咨询计算机编程(computer programming)课程报名信息。女士问他想白天上课还是晚上上课,男士回答Well,“would have to be an evening course,since I work during the day,(既然我白天工作,所以只能上晚课。)A是说他更喜欢小班的夜课,对话中未提及;B是说他已经注册选了白天的课,与男士的话事实相反;D是说他认为上夜课更便宜。因此C是正确答案。
10.
A.Learn a computer language.
B.Learn data processing.
C.Buy some computer software.
D.Buy a few coursebooks.
A B C D
B
[解析] What does the man have to do before taking the course of computer programming? [答案解析] 细节题。对话中女士问男士是否上过数据处理课程(data processing course),并且说到data processing is a course you have to take before you can take computer programming.(数据处理是学计算机编程之前必须要上的课程。)A是说学习计算机语言;C是说买些电脑软件;D是说买些教材,对话中均未提及。所以B是正确答案。
11.
A.Thursday evening from 7:00 to 9:45.
B.From September 1 to New Year's Eve.
C.Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks.
D.Three hours a week, 45 hours in total.
A B C D
C
[解析] What do we learn about the schedule of the evening course? [答案解析] 细节题。对话中提到课程时间为on Monday evenings at seven,once a week,almost 3 hours from 7:00 to 9:45,12 weeks,the first week in September,and finish just before Christmas,December 21st.(每周一晚七点钟,每次将近3个小时,晚7:00到9:45,课程时长为12个星期,起止时间为9月的第一个星期到圣诞节前的12月21日。)A是说周四晚7:00到9:45,与男士说的not on Thursdays正相反;B是说从9月1号到新年前夕,而对话中说的是到圣诞前,与对话内容不符。D是说每周3小时,共45小时。而对话中说的是每次将近3个小时,持续12星期,与对话内容不符。因此C是正确答案。
12.
A.What to bring for registration.
B.Where to attend the class.
C.How he can get to Frost Hall.
D.Whether he can use a check.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the man want to know at the end of the conversation? [答案解析] 推理判断题。此题是问对话末尾男士想知道什么。对话最后男士问道Is there anything that I should bring with me?(去登记注册课程时需要携带什么东西?)对方告知携带支票簿(check book)即可。B是说去哪上课,此问题在问需带什么东西之前已提出;C是说怎样到达Frost Hall,男士知道这个地方;D是说是否应该用支票,是在女士回答中提及,并不是男士所问。因此A是正确答案。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 23-25 W: So, why exactly does your job have a reputation for being stressful? M: Stress is generally driven by the feeling of being out of control of a situation, and the feeling of a situation controlling you. Trading in financial markets combines both. W: How do you relax in the evening? M: I very rarely do anything work related. So it's easy to escape the markets. I generally go to the gym or go for a run, especially if I've had a bad day. I always cook a meal rather than have a take-away. To do something my brain would regard as creative. W: Do you think what you do to relax is an effective way to beat stress? M: I don't think there's a specific rule about how to beat stress. I generally find that what I do is effective for me. W: Would you consider changing your job because of the high stress factor? M: I have considered leaving my job due to stress related factors. However, I do think that an element of stress is a good thing, and if used the right way, can actually be a positive thing. W: What do you enjoy about the stressful aspects of your job? M: Having said all that, I do actually enjoy an element of uncertainty. I enjoy a mental challenge. Trading generates a wide range of emotions second by second. How you deal with and manage those emotions dictates short, medium and long term trading performance and success. 23. What is the man's job? [答案解析] 细节题。对话开始,女士问男士,为什么他的工作以压力大闻名,男士回答压力主要来源于无法人为控制各种局面(out of control of a situation)以及被各种局面控制(a situation controlling you)的感觉。接着男士说自己的工作Trading in financial markets combines both.(在金融市场交易结合了这两方面。)由此说明男士做金融交易工作。A是说教练;B是说交易顾问;C是说职业经理,均与对话不符。因此D是正确答案。
14.
A.He can save on living expenses.
B.He considers cooking creative.
C.He can enjoy healthier food.
D.He thinks take-away is tasteless.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why does the man prefer to cook a meal rather than have a take-away? [答案解析] 细节题。男士说他通过去健身房、自己做饭而不是叫外卖等方式来放松自我。紧随其后解释原因To do something my brain would regard as creative(做一些创造性的事情来减压),“creative”是听力的关键同。A是说节省生活费用;C是说享受更健康的食物;D是说外卖的东西食之无味,对话中均未提及。因此B是正确答案。
15.
A.It is something inevitable.
B.It is frustrating sometimes.
C.It takes patience to manage.
D.It can be a good thing.
A B C D
D
[解析] What does the man say about an element of stress in his job? [答案解析] 细节题。注意问题中的关键词element of stress。在对话中,男士说I do think that an element of stress is a good thing(我认为压力对人有益),与答案D相符。A是说它是不可避免的;B是说它有时候令人沮丧;C是说需要耐心来控制压力,对话中均未提及。因此D是正确答案。
Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 26-28 Since early time. people have been fascinated with the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, scientists believed that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now they are beginning to locate places where life could form. In 1997, they saw evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even nearer in our own solar system. One place scientists are studying very closely is Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface. The probes have also made scientists think that under its surface Europa has a rocky core giving off volcanic heat. Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions needed for life to form. A third is certain basic chemicals such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Scientists believe there might be such chemicals lying at the bottom of Europa's ocean. They may have already created life or may be about to. You may wonder if light is also needed for life to form. Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now, places have been found on earth that are in total blackness such as eaves several miles beneath the surface. And bacteria, primitive forms of life. have been seen. there. So the lack of light in Europa's sub-surface ocean doesn't automatically rule out life forming. 26. What did scientists once believe according to the passage? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问“科学家曾经(once)相信什么事实?”根据问题关键词once可以定位到文章第二句的关键词until recently.意为曾经如何,过去一直认为如何。原文是Until recently,scientists believed that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream.(过去科学家一直认为其他星球上存在生命只是个美好的愿望。)也就是他们认为外太空不可能存在生命,与答案C相符。A是说所有星球都会有卫星,B是说木星上没有空气或水;D是说生命的奥秘不能被解开。所以C为正确答案。
2.
A.It has a number of active volcanoes.
B.It has an atmosphere like the earth's.
C.It has a large ocean under its surface.
D.It has deep caves several miles long.
A B C D
C
[解析] What have scientists found about Europa, a moon of Jupiter? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问“科学家在Europa这个星球上找到什么?”根据问题关键词Europa,a moon of Jupiter锁定到文章中语句Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface.(航空观测镜发现了此星球表面下有个大的海洋。)选项C与之相一致。A是说它有许多活火山;B是说它的大气层和地球的相像;D是说它有好儿英里长的洞穴。所以C为正确答案。
3.
A.Light is not an essential element to it.
B.Life can form in very hot temperatures.
C.Every form of life undergoes evolution.
D.Oxygen is not needed for some life forms.
A B C D
A
[解析] What have scientists come to know recently about the formation of life? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问”科学家关于生命的形成最近发现了什么?”文章末尾提到Until recently,scientists thought that light was essential.But now,places have been found on earth that are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the surface.And bacteria.primitive forms of life,have been seen there.(科学家一直以为光对生命的存在是很重要的.但是现在他们发现在地球上深达数英里深的洞里是完全黑暗的,们也有细菌这种初级生命存在。)与选项A表述一致。B是说生命可以在很高的温度下形成;C是说每种生命形式都在经历进化;D是说氧气对于有些生命形式来说是不需要的。所以A为正确答案。
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 29-31 In her early days as an emergency room physician, Doctor Joanna Myer treated a child who had suffered a second degree burn. After the child had been treated and was being prepared for discharge, Doctor Myer talked to the parents about how they should care for the child at home. Also listening to her were a half a dozen other family members. A few hours later, when she came to say goodbye, the family asked her to settle an argument they'd been having over exactly what advice she had given. "As I talked to them, I was amazed." she said, "All of them had heard the simple instructions I have given just a few hours before, but they have three or four different versions. The most basic details were unclear and confusing. I was surprised, because these were intelligent people." This episode gave Doctor Myer her first clue to something every doctor learns sooner or later—most people just don't listen very well. Nowadays, she says she repeats her instructions, and even conducts a reality check with some patients. She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do. She also provides take-home sheets which are computer printouts tailored to the patients' situation. Doctor Myer's listeners are not unusual. When new or difficult material is presented, almost all listeners are faced with the challenge because human speech lacks the stability and permanence of the printed word. Oral communication is fast-moving and impermanent. 29. What did the child's family members argue about in the hospital? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问孩子的亲属在为什么而争论,原文提到the family asked her to settle an argument they'd been having over exactly what advice she had given.(亲属就医生到底讲过什么建议争论不休,问医生如何解决。)A是说他们能否把小孩带回家;C是说在家里应由谁来照顾小孩;D是说小孩什么时候能彻底康复。这些都与原文不符,因此B是正确答案。
5.
A.She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.
B.She makes them write down all her instructions.
C.She has them act out what they are to do at home.
D.She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.
A B C D
D
[解析] What does Doctor Myer do to insure her patients understand her instructions? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问Myer医生怎么样确定病人完全明白了自己的建议。文章中提到She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do.(她要求病人告诉她他们该怎么做。)tell her对应D选项中的repeat,即再讲一遍。A是说鼓励他们提出疑问;B是说让他们把医嘱写下来;C是说要他们演示一下要在家做什么,这些都与原文不符。因此D为正确答案。
6.
A.It lacks the stability of the printed word.
B.It contains many grammatical errors.
C.It is heavily dependent on the context.
D.It facilitates interpersonal communication.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the speaker say about human speech? [答案解析] 推理判断题。本题询问作者对于口语交流(human speech)的看法。答案出现在结尾处,原文human speech lacks the stability and permanence of the printed word(讲话缺少书面文字的稳定性和持久性)。 A选项几乎与原文一致。B是说它有很多语法上的错误;C是说它过于依赖于上下文联系;D是说它有助于人际交往,这些都与原文不符。因此A为正确答案。
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 32-35 It is logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits, and job security motivate workers. But one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers, they are merely satisfiers. Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there are always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs, and lots of unskilled people who have to do them. So how do managers motivate people in such jobs? One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as part of a team. For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the checkout into a team. And let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them, and so on. Many people now talk about the importance of a company shared values or culture, with which all the staff can identify. For example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user friendly, or the most reliable products in a particular field. Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets, which ultimately only concern a few people. Unfortunately, there is only a limited number of such goals to go around. And by definition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously play in to be the best. 32. What can actually motivate workers according to Frederick Herzberg? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问到底什么可以真正激励员工努力工作呢。原文提到Motivators,in contrast,include things such as having a challenging and interesting job,recognition and responsibility.(与之相对,起激励作用的包括富有挑战性和趣味性的工作,赞誉以及责任感。)A是说工作安全性;B是说好的工作关系;D是说高薪和福利。这三项在文章第一句话中出现,但Frederick Herzberg认为这些do not motivate workers(并不能激励员工)。因此C是正确答案。
8.
A.Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.
B.More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.
C.Computers will change the nature of many jobs.
D.Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.
A B C D
A
[解析] What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问作者对电脑信息时代工作的看法。文章中提到However,even with the development of computers and robotics,there are always plenty of boring,repetitive and mechanical jobs,and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.(尽管电脑和机器人技术不断发展,还是存在那些无聊的、重复和机械的工作,需要那些没有一技之长的人完成它们。)选项A中tedious“无聊的”,manually“手工做地”,与原文相对应。B是说越来越多的没有一技之长的工人将失业;C是说计算机将会改变许多工作的性质;D是说枯燥的工作将会渐渐变得有趣,均与原文不符。因此A为正确答案。
9.
A.Offer them chances of promotion.
B.Improve their working conditions.
C.Encourage them to compete with each other.
D.Give them responsibilities as part of a team.
A B C D
D
[解析] What do some supermarkets do to motivate their employees? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问超市如何激励员工努力工作。在文中激励超市员工工作是作者引用的一个事例,但是问题本身针对的是总结性的答案。即出现在for example前的总结句:Give them some responsibilities,not as individuals,but as a part of a team.(分给他们责任,不是把他们作为单个的个人,而是作为闭队的一部分。)关键词responsibilities.team都出现在选项D中。A是说提供给员工升职的机会;B是说改善工作环境;C是说鼓励员工与他人竞争,文中均未提及。因此D为正确答案。
10.
A.They will not bring real benefits to the staff.
B.They concern a small number of people only.
C.They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.
D.They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers? [答案解析] 细节题。本题询问为什么金钱诱惑刺激不了工作热情。答案出现在结尾处Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets,which ultimately only concern a few people.(团队精神更能激起工作热情,因为金钱利益最终只会与团队中的个别人相关。)B选项是原文only concern a few people的同义转述。A是说它不能给员工带来真正的利益;C是说它是由管理层独断设立的;D是说它超出了一般员工的掌控,文中均未提及。因此B为正确答案。
Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be 1 into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process. Factual writing provides 2 information on an author, composer or artist, or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or 3 cover, and longer pieces such as an article describing a style of music, which you might read in a music 4 course. This kind of writing provides a 5 for your study of the humanities. As its name 6 , descriptive writing simply describes, or provides an 7 of a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the 8 a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader's mind by calling up specific details of the work. 9 . Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. 10 . This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important. 11 .
[解析] 36-46 In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be classified into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process. Factual writing provides background information on an author, composer or artist, or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or album cover, and longer pieces such as an article describing a style of music, which you might read in a music Appreciation course. This kind of writing provides a context for your study of the humanities. As its name implies, descriptive writing simply describes, or provides an image of a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the instrument a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader's mind by calling up specific details of the work. Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often mixed with critical writing. Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. It tells the reader how to do something. For example, explaining the technique used to shoot a film. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important. Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing. 此处缺少谓语动词,从空格前的can be可知此处要用被动语态。此题考查固定搭配be classified into。注意classify过去分同的拼写。
Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often mixed with critical writing 或:Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often combined with critical writing
10.
It tells the reader how to do something. For example, explaining the technique used to shoot a film 或:It tells the reader the details of doing something. For example, explaining the technique used to shoot a film
11.
Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing 或:More than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing may actually be used in a given piece of informational writing
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child's language development than mothers, a new study suggests. Researchers 1 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-educated middle-class families, with married parents both living in the home. When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 2 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. The scientists measured the 3 number of utterances (话语) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 4 of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked. Finally, the researchers 5 the children's speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother's level of education, the 6 of child care and the number of different words the father used. The researchers are 7 why the father's speech, and not the mother's, had an effect. "It's well 8 that the mother's language does have an impact," said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 9 had a strong influence on their children's speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, "or it may be that mothers are 10 in a way we didn't measure in the study." A. already B. analyzed C. aspects D. characters E. contributing F. describing G. established H) quality I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) total M) unconscious N) unsure 0) yet
Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements, For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Question's 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they'll change America. Rightly so. But selfishly, I'm more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world's attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see. Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we're all hot-tempered single mothers who can't keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can't escape the stereotype of being eye-roiling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers. These images have helped define the way all black women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simply to be herself. It won't be easy. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all. Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what they'd like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone—an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that's been around for far too long.
1. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?
A.She serves as a role model for African-America women.
B.She possesses many admirable qualities becoming the First Lady.
C.She will present to the world a new image of African-America.
D.She will pay closer attention to the interests of African-America.
A B C D
C
细节题。根据题目定位到文中第一段第三~五句:I'm more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do,not just for this country,but for me as an African-American woman.As the potential First Lady,she would have the world's attention.And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.(我更关注米歇尔·奥巴马和她可能做的事,不仅因为这个国家,更关心她会为像我这样的非裔美国妇做些什么。作为可能成为第一夫人的人,她也许吸引了世界的目光。这就意味着人们将第一次有机会近距离亲身接触非裔美国妇女,这是他们平时很少能见到的。)可见作者最在意的是 Michelle Obama能为非裔美国女性展示出一个新的形象。因此选C。
2. What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?
A.They are victims of family violence.
B.They are of an inferior social group.
C.They use quite a lot of body language.
D.They live on charity and social welfare.
A B C D
B
细节题。根据题目定位到文中第二段第三句Even in the world of make-believe,black women still can't escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling,oversexed females raised by our never-married,alcoholic mothers.(甚至在这个相信奇迹的世界上,黑人妇女仍然不能逃脱人们的偏见,他们觉得我们是爱转动眼球的,由酗酒的单身母亲抚养长大的滥交的女人。)由作者所列的各种形象不难看出非裔美国女性属于社会的底层群体。而选项A、C、D在原文中均未提及。因此选B。
3. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?
A.Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans.
B.How Michelle should behave as a public figure.
C.How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House.
D.What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House.
A B C D
D
细节题。根据题目定位到文中最后一段第二句Many African-American blogs have written about what they'd like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family.(许多非裔美国人在博客中写到他们想让米歇尔带给白宫的是让世界看到黑人妇女是能够支持她的丈夫和撑起一个坚强的黑人家庭的。)此处主要体现的是她作为妻子和母亲的职责。因此选D。
4. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?
A.However many fans she has, she should remain modest.
B.She shouldn't disappoint the African-American community.
C.However hard she tries, she can't expect to please everybody.
D.She will give priority to African-American women's concerns.
A B C D
C
细节题。根据题目定位到文中最后一段第三句Michelle will have to work to please everyone—an impossible task.(米歇尔将不得不努力去取悦所有人——一项不可能完成的任务。)而选项A、B、D在原文中均未提及。因此选C。
5. What do many African-American women hope Michelle Obama will do?
A.Help change the prevailing view about black women.
B.Help her husband in the task of changing America.
C.Outshine previous First Ladies.
D.Fully display her fine qualities.
A B C D
A
细节题。根据题目定位到文中最后一段最后一句But for many African—American women like me,just a little of her poise,confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that's been around for far too long.(但是对于许多像我一样的非裔美国妇女来说,只要能学习一点儿她的沉着、自信和机智,就能在改变人们根深蒂固的形象的道路上迈进一大步。)选项B、C、D在原文中均未提及。因此选A。
Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. When next year's crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they'll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who'll become Oxford's vice-chancellor—a position equivalent to university president in America. Hamilton isn't the only educator crossing the Atlantic. School in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many business, it's gone global. Yet the talent flow isn't universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America. The chief reason is that American schools don't tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university's budget, "We didn't do any global consideration," says Patricia Hayes, the board's chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity. Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators, and has hiring committees hungry for Americans. In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen (监督) "a major strengthening of Yale's financial position." Of course, fund-raising isn't the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices.
1. What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?
A.Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U. S.
B.A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators.
C.American universities are enrolling more international students.
D.University presidents are paying more attention to fund-raising.
A B C D
A
细节题。根据题干定位到文章第二段最后一句;High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction:outward from America.(高级人员趋于只朝一个方向发展——向美国之外。)选项B、C文中未提及。选项D中大学校长对筹资更加重视,此项为美国大学一向的传统,不能称为current trend。因此选A。
2. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrator?
A.Their political correctness.
B.Their ability to raise funds.
C.Their fame in academic circles.
D.Their administrative experience.
A B C D
B
细节题。根据题干定位到文章第三段第四、五句:The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson,a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents:fund-raising.Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing,since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations.(董事会最终选择了Bruce Benson,69岁的科罗拉多商人和政治活动家,他很有可能完成现代大学校长的主要任务:集资。集资明显是一项具有美国特色的事情,因为美国学校非常依赖捐款。)选项A、C、D文中未均直接提及。因此选B。
3. What do we learn about European universities from the passage?
A.The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably.
B.Their operation is under strict government supervision.
C.They are strengthening their position by globalization.
D.Most of their revenues come from the government.
A B C D
D
细节题。根据题干定位到文章第四段第一句:Many European universities,meanwhile,are still mostly dependent on government funding.(同时许多欧洲的大学仍然主要依靠政府资金。)选项A、B、C文中未均直接提及。因此选D。
4. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because ______.
A.she was known to be good at raising money
B.she could help strengthen its ties with Yale
C.she knew how to attract students overseas
D.she had boosted Yale's academic status
A B C D
A
细节题。根据题干定位到文章第五段第二句:In 2003,when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard,another former Yale provost,as its vice-chancellor,the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen“a major strengthening of Yale's financial position.”(2003年,当剑桥大学聘用Alison Richard,前耶鲁大学的教务长,当副校长时,学校就公开声明在她以前的工作中她负责监督“加强耶鲁的财政状况”。)选项B、C、D文中均未提及。因此选A。
5. In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?
A.They can enhance the university's image.
B.They will bring with them more international faculty.
C.They will view a lot of things from a new perspective.
D.They can set up new academic disciplines.
A B C D
C
细节题。根据题干定位到文章最后一段第二、三句:The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective On established practices.(教育的全球化意味着更多大学需要找到具有国际经验的领导人,能够促进国际项目,并吸引全球的学生。在现有做法的基础上外国人能提供独特的看法。)选项A“提高学校形象”;选项B“带来更多外籍师资”;选项D“建立新的学术科目”;均不符合原文。因此选C。
Part Ⅴ Cloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population published recently. The current approach which 1 on younger people and on skills for employment is not 2 to meet the challenges of demographic (人口结构的) change, it says. Only 1% of the education budget is 3 spent on the oldest third to the population. The 4 include the fact that most people can expect to spend a third of their lives in 5 , that there are now more people 6 state pension age. " 7 needs to continue throughout life. Out historic concentration of policy attention and resources 8 young people cannot meet the new 9 ," says the report's author, Professor Stephen Mcnair. The major 10 of our education budget is spent on people below the age of 25. 11 people are changing their jobs, 12 , partners and lifestyles more often than 13 , they need opportunities to learn at every age. 14 , some people are starting new careers in their 50s and later. People need opportunities to make a "midlife review" to 15 to the later stages of employed life and to plan for the transition (过度) 16 retirement which may now happen 17 at any point from 50 to over 90, says McNair. And there should be more money 18 to support people in establishing a 19 of identity and finding constructive 20 for the "third age", the 20 or more years they will spend in healthy retired life.
语篇分析题。本句承接解释上一段提到的“challenges of demographic change”,意为“这些挑战包括很多人希望在他们退休时开始人生的第三春天……”所以此空填challenges。regulations“管理,规章”; obstacles“障碍,妨碍”;guidelines“方针,准则”,均不符合题意,故选C。
Part Ⅵ Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
1. You would not have failed if_____________________________ (按照我的指令去做).
you had followed my instructions.(按照我的指令去做)
此句译为:如果你按照我的指令去做你就不会失败。本句考查:if引导的条件句的虚拟语气的用法,此句为对过去事情的虚拟,即主句谓语形式用would/should/might/could have+动词过去分词,if引导的从句用 had+动词过去分词。译为“如果……就……”。follow one's instructions“按照某人的指令”。 例句:If I had seen the film,I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你的。If I had got there earlier,I would have met Mr. Li.如果我早点到那儿,我就会见到李先生了。
2. Despite the hardship, he encountered, Mark never_____________________________ (放弃对知识的追求).
gave up pursuing knowledge.(放弃对知识的追求).
此句译为:尽管马克遇到了困难,但他从未放弃对知识的追求。本题考查:give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”,pursue knowledge“追求知识”。 例句:He gave up teaching only two years ago.两年前他才离开教学工作的。You mustn't give up studying foreign languages for even a day.你们学习外语一天也不要中断。
3. Scientists agree that it will be a long time before_____________________________(我们找到治愈癌症的方法).
we find the methods of curing cancers. (我们找到治愈癌症的方法).
此句译为:科学家们认为我们找到治愈癌症的方法还需要很长时间。本句考查:find the methods of doing sth. “找到做某事的方法”。 例句:You must find the methods of finishing the task. 你必须找到完成任务的方法。
4. Production has to be increased considerably to_____________________________ (与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).
keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers.(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).
此句译为:产量将会大幅增加与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步。本句考查:keep pace with“跟上,与…同步,并驾齐驱”。 例句:I enjoy my job in research because I have to keep pace with all the latest developments.我喜欢我的研究工作,因为我得紧跟上所有的最新发展。 It's important for a firm to keep pace with changes in the market. 对一个公司来说,能跟上市场的发展是很重要的。 Tom has to take long steps to keep pace with his father. 汤姆须迈大步才能跟上他的父亲。
5. The more exercise you take,_____________________________(你越不大可能感冒).
the fewer chances you will have of catching a cold. (你越不大可能感冒).
此句译为:你锻炼得越多,你越不大可能感冒。本句考查句型:the+比较级,the+比较级。此句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化,意为“越……就越……”,前者相当于一个条件句,因此,要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。catch a cold”感冒”。 例句:The better I knew him,the more I liked him. 我越了解他就越喜欢他。 The more difficult the questions are,the less likely I'll be able to answer them. 题目越难我越答不出。