Ⅰ.重写句子Revise each of the following sentences according to the requirement in brackets.1. He became a soldier when he was twenty. (simple sentence)
He became a soldier at the age of twenty.
[解析] 本题考查的是把复合句改写为简单句。此句子中“at the age oftwenty”也可写成“at twenty”或“at age twenty”。
2. We don't dare to eat these vegetables. They are seriously polluted by insecticides. (compound sentence)
We don't dare to eat these vegetables,for they are seriously polluted by insecticides.
[解析] 本题考查的是把两个简单句组合成并列句。for连接句子表示原因。
3. A child's life is like a piece of paper. On it every passer-by leaves a mark. (complex sentence)
A child's life is like a piece of paper, onwhich every passer-by leaves a mark.
[解析] 考查的是把两个简单句组合成一个复合句。将第二个句子改成“paper”的定语从句,修饰“paper”。
4. The first consideration in food preparation is freshness, regardless of the regional differences in cuisine. (periodic sentence)
Regardless of the regional differences in cuisine, the first consideration in food preparation isfreshness.
[解析] 本题考查将松句改写为掉尾句。根据掉尾句的特点,首先确定句子的关键意思,然后将从属的部分前置。
5. My aunt often travels abroad. She enjoys experimenting with unusual food. (sentence with a modifying phrase )
My aunt,often traveling abroad, enjoysexperimenting with unusual food. //Often travelingabroad, my aunt enjoys experimenting with uuusualfood.
[解析] 本题考查的是含有修饰语的句子。此类考题应首先判断作修饰语的部分(通常是短语)中动词和主句主语的逻辑关系,以确定其分词形式是现在分词还是过去分词,确定修饰语后将其与主句连接。
6. Lakey is the most beautiful one of the group of girls. She is also the most intelligent and the most resourceful one of them. (sentence with parallel structure)
Lakey is the most beautiful,the most intelligent, and the most resourceful one of the group of girls.
[解析] 考查的是把两个单句组合成一个含有并列结构的句子。本题第二个单句中的形容词和第一句中的定语修饰同一个中心语,因此可把第二句中的形容词归并到第一句中作定语。
7. It was nearly dark. A snowmobile appeared. The snowmobile was roaring. It was running without lights. It hit Mrs. Li. (long sentence)
It was nearly dark when a roaring snowmobile appeared, running without lights, and hit Mrs. Li.
[解析] 本题考查的是把若干单句组合成一个长句。第一个单句作长句的主句,后面的句子经过改写用when引导作从句与主句相连,而从句中的“running without lights”是从句中“snowmobile”的修饰短语。
8. Hebe stopped a taxi for her colleagues to make sure they could go back to the office on time. (sentence with "to Opener")
To make sure they could go back to the of fice on time, Hebe stopped a taxi for her colleagues.
[解析] 考查的是以动词不定式开头的句子,此题型的改写方法是直接将原句中“to make sure…”部分移至句首,首字母大写。
9. The film projector broke for a second time in the cinema. Some people in the audience hissed, and others made catcalls. (compound-complex sentence)
When the fiim projector broke for a second time in the cinema, some people in the audiencehissed, and others made catcalls.
[解析] 本题考查将若干单句改写成并列复合句。这两句的意思是,剧院中电影播放机又一次坏了的时候,观众席中有人开始骚动,另一些人则发出一片嘘声表示不满。所以在改写时把前面一句改为时间状语从句,后面两句作为并列主句。
10. Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year. Smith's wife was extremely angry. She made Smith spend a week sleeping on the porch. (compound-complex sentence)
Because Smith forgot his wedding anniversary for the tenth straight year, his wife was extremely angry, and she made him spend a week sleeping on the porch. //Because Smith forgot hiswedding anniversary for the tenth straight year, hiswife was extremely angry, so she made him spend aweek sleeping on the porch.
[解析] 本题考查将若干句子改写成并列复合句。因为三个分句间具有因果关系,故可使用because, and和so将句子改写成以上两种形式中的任一形式。
Ⅱ.改写病句Correct the errors in the following sentences.1. I got the highest scores in my English test, he failed.
I got the highest scores, and he lailed.
[解析] 本题考查串句的修改。串句是指在无连接词或标点符号的情况下,将若干独立的句子串在一起的句子。有的串句仅将两个单句用逗号隔开,犯了“逗号粘连”的错误,本题就属此类错误。改正串句主要有3种方法:(1)句号和大写:(2)逗号和连接词;(3)使用分号。
2. Failure turns out to be a valuable learning experience for those. Who may be successful the second or the third time.
Failure turns out to be a valuahle learning experience for those who may be successful the second or third time.
[解析] 本题考查修饰语错置引起的病句。在此题中把后面的从句和前面的主句合并成一个复合句比较合适,所以应把前面的句号删掉且小写who的首字母。
3. There are three boys who are masters of operating computer programs, Tom is the greatest one.
There are three boys who are masters of pperating computer programs, Tom being the greaest one.
[解析] 本题考查串句的修改。此题可直接将s改成being,从而使后半部分成为独立主格结构,从属于前面的主句。
4. Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as to receive.
Mother could not persuade me that giving is as much a joy as receiving. //Mother could notpersuade me that to give is as much a joy as to receive.
[解析] 考查的是错误平行结构的修改。此题只需将原题统一为现在分词或是动词不定式并列即可。
5. He walks slowly behind me. As if he does not see me walking a few metres ahead.
He walks slowly behind me as if he does not see me walking a few inetres ahead.
[解析] 本题考查破句的修改。修改方法是将后句直接和前句连接,句号改成逗号,As首字母小写。
Ⅲ.标出主题句1. Choose the best topic sentence from the group below by writing A, B, C or D.
A. There are some differences in the behavior of rock and classical music audience.
B. At a rock concert, the audience members yell, whistle,sing along, and even stamp their feet.
C. Members of the classical music audience are so highly disciplined that they refrain from even clearing their throats or coughing.
D. With rock music, the better the performance, the more active the audience will be; with classical music, the better the performance, the more still the audience will be.
Answer: ______
Answer:A
[解析] 主题句是段落中表达中心思想的句子。主题句告诉读者这段话所讲的内容,它统率全段。段落中其他的句子都应与主题句所提出的思想有关:说明它、展开它,为它服务。主题句常位于段首,但有时也出现在段中或段落的末尾。A项最具统率段落的作用,B、C、D三项分别说明摇滚音乐会特点、古典音乐会特点以及两者的比较,它们均是A项的支持句。
2. Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence.
My political opponent has not kept any of his promises to the voters. He said he would not raise taxes, and he did. He said he would not oppose our municipal bond issue, and he did. Furthermore, he said he would not increase the salary of his personal staff, and he has. On the other hand, there were two things he did not do that desperately needed doing. He did not repair the potholes in our city streets, and he did not build an extension onto our local retirement home. He obviously cannot be trusted.
My political opponent has not kept any of his promises to the voters. He said he would not raise taxes, and he did; He said he wouhl not oppose our municipal bond issue, and he did. Furthermofe, he said hewould not increase the salary of his personal staff,and he has. On the other hand, there were two thingshe did not do that desperately needed doing. He didnot repair the potholes in our city streets, and he didnot build an extension onto our local retirementhome. He obviously cannot be trusted.
[解析] 第一句总括全段,点明“我”的政治对手从未向选民履行任何诺言。以下至倒数第二句均是他失言的具体表现,然后末句总结,照应主题句。
3. Read the following paragraph carefully and choose the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph by writing A, B, C or D.
Topic Sentence.______
Many Americans fear that foreign investors in this country want to take over the American economy from the inside. But in reality, things don' t work that way. Of the trillion dollars in foreign investments in this country, three-quarters are in bank deposits or securities-that is, on paper only. Foreign-owned businesses in the U. S., such as hamburger chains and hotels, generate jobs and new growth because they are totally dependent on the local population for staffing and customers. Americans are the ones who must be sought after as workers, renters, tourists, and patrons. Throughout its history, the U. S. has relied on foreign capital to finance a great deal of its development, but this has never stood in the way of our democracy.
A. Foreign-owned businesses in America need Americans.
B. There's no need for Americans to fear foreign influence in this country.
C. Most of the foreign investments in this country is on paper, not in cash.
D. Americans are in constant fear that foreign investors might stand in the way of American democracy.
Topie sentence: B
[解析] 通读段落可知,本段主要讲述了为何美国人不受外国的影响的若干原因,这与B项内容一致。段落中提及了A、C两项内容,但A、C两项是B项的支持句。D项中American democracy在文中未展开说明。
Ⅳ.重新组合段落Rearrange the following numbered sentences so that they will read logically. Put the numbers in proper sequence in the boxes provided below.1. 19. The house they put us in was ugly,with an ugly yard and a few ugly bushes.
20. Yet our guardians' efforts to punish us were not always effective.
21. And the clothes we wore were continually pieced;the food we ate was terrible.
22. After our parents' death, our comfortable life came to an end and we were kept well below the poverty line by our guardians.
23. No more could they put a halt to it than they could keep us.
24. They could keep books out of our hands, restrict our communication with the neighbors' children by penning us within a wire-net fence.
25. The passionate pleasure we got from soap bubbles, rainbows, holy pictures and spider webs was beyond our guardians' power of prevention.
26. However, they could not stop us from using our eyes.
[解析] 在做此类题目时一般先把所有的句子通读一遍,了解这段话的主要内容,然后找出主题句,再看其他句子和主题句之间有什么样的逻辑关系,最后根据这种逻辑关系排列句子顺序。先看第19句:他们让我们住的房子是丑陋的,有丑陋的庭院和一些丑陋的灌木丛。第20句:但是我们的监护人为惩罚我们所做的努力并不总是有效的。第21句:我们的衣服总是很破的,而且吃的饭莱也很差。第22句:在我们的父母去世后,我们舒适的生活便结束了,并且我们的监护人使我们长期生活在贫困线以下 第23句:他们既不能中止这种乐趣的产生,也不能让我们停止享受这种乐趣。第24句:他们能使我们看不了书,通过设置有电网的篱笆限制我们同邻家的孩子交流。第25句:我们从玩肥皂泡、彩虹、圣像画和蜘蛛网中所得到的无限的乐趣是我们的监护人所不能阻止得了的。第26句:尽管如此,他们不能阻止我们用眼睛看东西。我们在监护下的生活一切都始于父母去世之后,由此可知,第22句是首句,引出下文。然后按文章的意思排列,紧跟着是第19、21句,然后是第20、24句,第26句后应紧跟第25、23句。所以句子顺序应是:22,19,21,20,24,26,25,23。
Ⅴ.标出与段落内容无关的句子1. It was mid-June the morning we graduated, and I fainted in the huge hall for the Commencement (毕业典礼) from the heat. Afterwards Frani's parents took several of us to lunch at the Silver Swan. My grandparents had not come for the occasion, but sent me a check for a trip to Europe-that was a graduation present, and a wedding present as well, they wrote. Yes, the decision of marriage had eventually been made. We had already had an interview with the curate(牧师助理), and it was exactly one week after the Commencement and my twenty-first birthday when we "stood up" together in the chapel. John told me that I would never become a good actress. We had a one-night honeymoon at an inn in Briarcliff, and there all of a sudden I had an attack of panic. As we climbed into the big bed, I knew, too late, that I had done the wrong thing. To marry a man without loving him, which was what I had just done, not really perceiving it, was a wicked action, I saw. Stiff with remorse and terror, I lay under the thin blanket through a good part of the night.
It was mid-June the morning we graduated, and I fainted in the huge hall for the Commencement(毕业典礼)fron the heat. Afterwards Frani's parents took several of us to lunch at the Silver Swan. My grandparentshad not come for the occasion, but sent me a cheek tor atrip to Europe-that was a graduation present, and awedding present as well, they wrote. Yes, the decision ofmarriage had eventually heen made. We had alreadyhad an interview with the curate(牧师助理), and itwas exactly one week after the Commencement and mytwenty-first birthday when we "stood up" together inthe chapel. John told. me that I would never become agood actress. We had a one-night honeynloon at an innin Briarcliff. and there all of a sudden I had an attack ofpanic. As we elimbed into the big bed, I knew, too late,that I had done the wrong thing. To many a man withoutloving him, which was what I had iust done, not reallyperceivillg it, was a wieked action, I saw. Stiff with remorse and terror. I lay under the thin blanket through agood part of the night.
[解析] 此题主要考查段落的统一性。统一性要求段落的支持句都必须围绕段落主题句的中心思想展开,并要求各句在人称、时态、文体等方面相互保持一致。任何与主题关联不大的内容都应予以删除。这段话主要讲的是:六月中旬的一个早上作者毕业了,由于太热,在举行毕业典礼时作者昏倒在大厅里。她的祖父母并没有来参加这个毕业典礼,但却送给她一张去欧洲旅行的支票作为毕业礼物,同时也是结婚礼物.由此引出作者结婚的事。作者已经决定要结婚了,婚礼定在毕业典礼后的一周,也就是作者21岁生日时。然后叙述作者在Briarcliff的一个小旅馆度蜜月时的感受。由此可知,文章主要讲的是作者结婚的事,所以第二句是多余的。第六句也与所讲内容无关,也应删去。
Ⅵ.写信1. Write a letter according to the following situation:You are going to apply for an undergraduate English literature program of a university. In the letter, tell them about your interest in the program, your qualifications and your career plan. The letter is addressed to the program director Mr. Rochester. Don't forget to tell him your phone number (555-5555) and your email address (
liping@ 126. corn). Please sign your name as Wang Fang. (150-200 words)
Mar. 12, 2011
Dear Mr. Rochester,
I have read about the undergraduate English literature program of your university on the university webpage, and I am very much interested in it.
I am now a student of English in China.English literature has always been my favorite. and I am especially interested in Shakespeare's plays and Englishpoetry. I have read some of Sbakespeare's famous playslike Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, King Lear and the poetryof Byron, Shelly, and Keats.
If I am admitted, I will do my best in my study. I believe the program will not only provide me with information about the great writers and your culture, but alsoofrer me guidance on literary research. After graduation, I will return to China, and hopefully become ateacher in English literature.
If you need any more information about me, you are welcome to call hie at 555-5555 or email me at liping@126.com.
Sincerely yours,
Wang Fang
[解析] 此题考查信函的写法。英语信函包括6个部分:写信人地址、收信人地址、称谓、正文、结束语和签名。在写英语信时,应注意:(1)英、汉书写地址的排列顺序不同;(2)在私人信件中,信笺里收信人的地址常被略去;(3)在私人信件中称呼对方的名,在商用信函中称呼对方的姓;(4)对不认识的人,或不知对方身份、性别的人的称呼用语;(5)商用信函和私人信件所用的不同的结束语;(6)商用信函签名时,要在亲笔签名下用打字机打出自己的名字和身份;(7)若随信有附寄的东西,就写上“Enclosure(s)”或“Encl.”的字样,若有遗忘的事需要补写,就写上“P.S.”字样。此题要求根据下列要求写信:你要申请一所大学的一个本科英语文学研究项目,所以这是封申请函。在写信时所写内容包含:你对此项目的兴趣,你具备的资格和你的职业规划。信要写给Mr.Rochester,另外留下自己的电话和邮箱地址。