1. For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled About Keeping Indoors You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 目前很多年轻人大部分时间喜欢“宅”在家里,很少外出进行户外活动 2. 对这种做法有人表示支持,也有人并不赞成 3. 我的观点
①Have you ever been surprised by the trend that more and more youngsters choose to slay indoors to spend the majority of their spare time either playing cyber games. watching flints or TV programs? ②Those who support this means of killing time hold that staying indoors can make one fully relaxed. without worrying about issues like security. ③What's more,this is the most economical means of spending one's spare time. ①Others,however,sustain that staying indoors will do a sea of harm to one's physical and spiritual fitness. ⑤But for outdoor activities of all sorts. we would not secure our body health and may be detached from the actual world. ⑥Personally.I am against this trend in that as a youngster, to get exposed to the sunshine and get close contact with this colorful world is not only necessary but also indispensable for our healthy development.⑦Instead of staying indoors being engaged in the cyber world.I'd prefer to get involved in and be part of the vivid social life.
①疑问句引出话题,分词结构either playing cyber games or watching films and TV programs,举例说明“宅”在家里的方式。 ②用引出一方观点的常用结构,指出有人认为“宅”在家里对安全有利。 ③分析“宅”在家里的好处之二:比较省钱,economical和means都为高分词。 ④Others,however,sustain that…可以用作引出反方观点的同定结构。 ⑤But for与would not搭配,使用了虚拟语气,强调了户外活动的重要意义。 ⑥提出个人观点:to get exposed to和get close contact with都表示接触,是高分词组。 ⑦表明自己的做法:积极参与社会活动,努力成为社会生活的一部分,Instead of和prefer to均为亮点短语。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly . For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A、. B. ,C、and D. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Sound Effects
Snorers(打鼾的人) have always been made jokes. In cartoons,their nasal roar 1ifts the roof off houses. In situation comedies,there's the wife who rolls her eves at her snoring bedmate. But in reality,it's not all that funny. In fact,snoring can be a nightmare for snorers and their troubled partners. who may wake up several times a night to poke,and maybe hoist loved ones onto their sides for a 1ittle relief. Risks of Snoring Problems But the nightly racket is more than a potential relationship strain. According to the latest research, an increasingly older and heavier population may make this condition an even greater health risk than we previously thought. For Maggie Moss-Tucker. successful treatment for a longtime snoring problem came almost by accident. One fall morning in 2005,she saw a sign at her local gym seeking snorers as volunteers for a study at Boston's Brigham &Women's Hospital. Moss-Tucker, now 56, was intrigued. She had started snoring nearly a decade earlier. “I'd tried everything to stop. ”she says. from sleeping upright to using nose strips or a mouth guard. But to her and her husband's dismay. nothing worked. When she signed up for the study and spent a night at a suburban Boston sleep lab, she found out why. After reviewing her sleep patterns and oxygen levels, researchers told her that her snoring was actually an indication of something worse. She suffered from a sleep apnea(呼吸暂停),a condition in which patients stop breathing repeatedly as they sleep and can wake up as many as 100 times a night—often without remembering it. That kind of revelation has led to doctors re-evaluating a condition once treated as little more than a nuisance. “In the past. snoring has been treated like a joking matter:you never talked about it with your doctor,”says Dr. David Rapoport, medical director of the Sleep Disorders Center at New York University Medical Center (NYC. . “But when it becomes very prominent or such that it wakes you up OF interferes with brea-thing,it can be a problem. ” Sleep apnea,in which the airway becomes blocked of. 1ess often. the brain fails to properly control breathing during sleeping. can be viewed as one extreme of the snoring spectrum. Soft snoring. which is not generally considered a health hazard. would be at the other end. As the sound and persistence of a patient's snoring grows,so do the health concerns. A study published in the March I issue of the journal Sleep found that loud snorers had a 40 percent greater risk than non-snorers of suffering from high blood pressure, 34 percent greater odds of having a heart attack and a 67 percent greater chance of having a stroke. That's a problem given the number of noisy sleepers out there. In a recent poll by the National Sleep Foundation, about one third of US working adults reported snoring at least a few nights in the previous month. Snoring generally worsens with age so the rate is even higher among the elderly. And,contrary to common perceptions,it's nearly as common in women as men. Menopause(更年期) appears to be a factor,as is weight. Being overweight can cause thickness in the airway tube, holding back the flow of oxygen. Treatment of Snoring Problems Yet many who regularly snore don't realize that it could be bad for their health. The research linking hypertension, cardiac problems and loud snoring is relatively new. And though awareness of sleep apnea is growing, specialists say the condition is still vastly undertreated. Primary-care physicians don't routinely ask patients about the quality of their sleep—though that is beginning to change and few patients think to tell their doctors that they're snoring, unless it becomes hazardous to their partner. Sleep specialists estimate that between 12 million and 18 million Americans have some form of sleep apnea but many of them, like Moss-Tucker,remain undiagnosed for years. Research from the National Sleep Foundation indicates that only half of those with sleep apnea are being treated. Since it is a progressive condition,says Michael Twery,director of the National Institutes of Health's National Center on Sleep Disorders Research,“The person who's affected is usually not aware of how severe the condition is. ” Moss-Tucker remembers being drowsy during the day sometimes,but she blamed it on her busy life. When researchers at the sleep lab asked if she had ever fallen asleep while driving,she laughed initially. But then she recalled long drives during which she'd had to pull over every 45 minutes to take a cat nap(打盹) to avoid dozing off at the wheel. She'd also become accustomed to taking daily 25-minute naps each afternoon. But once she was diagnosed and began using a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure(or CPAP)machine,the most common treatment for sleep apnea,she says,“My life changed. ” Moss-Tucker no longer needed naps and her energy levels,mental clarity and general moods improved—so much so that she cannot imagine one night without the CPAP,a machine with a mask that attaches to the nose,mouth or both, helping to force oxygen into the airway while the patient sleeps. If it's used properly,it is nearly 100 percent effective. But CPAPs(or BiPaps, which deliver alternating 1evels of oxygen),which cost about $500 or more with the mask, can be not easy to use and the noise may be as disruptive to sleeping partners as snoring. Despite its efficiency,estimates of overall long-term usage rates remain between 50 to 70 percent. For snorers who don't appear to have sleep apnea,there are other measures to avoid bad nights. They include:avoiding big meals and alcohol before bed;sleeping on one's side instead of the back;treating conditions like allergies and colds that can cause or worsen snoring, and maintaining a healthy weight. There are also devices. which push the lower iaw forward to help keep the airway open. “They are effective in a fair number of snoring cases,”says NYU's Rapoport,but he cautions that they need to be custom fitted by dentist and can be expensive if not covered by insurance. Surgery on Snoring Problems Surgery to widen the airways or improve nasal airflow is also an option,though it also may not be covered by insurance and SUCCESS rates vary. UPPP, in which a surgeon removes tissue at the back of the throat, can require a hospital stay and a long recovery;it's typically used for patients with moderate obstructive sleep apnea. But other procedures can be performed under local anesthesia in a surgeon's office, including laser-assisted LAUP,a modification of UPPP in which the surgeon uses a laser to cut the uvula. Patients who get LAUP can generally resume their normal routine almost immediately afterward, but they may require up to five treatments. Somnoplasty is another short office-based procedure;it uses low-power radiofrequency energy that reduces the volume of the soft palate tissue(located at the back of the roof of the mouth)but may require more than one session. Nasal surgery may also be recommended for those with obstructions in the nose. Another treatment is the Pillar procedure, in which three tiny inserts are injected into the soft palate to offer support. Since it's a newer procedure only approved by the FDA in August 2004,there's less long-term data. “Studies are showing it does work—but to what extent is not really known yet,”says Rapoport. With several options but no magic bullet,experts say it's important to have a full medical examination to determine the best course of action. But as lone as snoring is seen as more of a joke than a risk,even that step may be too large for some.
1. The passage is mainly about______.
A.the causes of snoring problems
B.the treatments of snoring problems
C.the risks of snoring problems
D.the hazards and the treatments of snoring problems
2. When Moss-Tucker began snoring。she was about______.
A.56 years old
B.46 years old
C.36 years old
D.26 years old
A B C D
B
[解析] 由线索词定位到第一个小标题下第一段第五、六句Moss-Tucker,now 56,was intrigued.She had started snoring nearly a decade earlier. [精析] 细节推断题【考频:16】。通过原文可知,Moss-Tucker现在是56岁,她是大约10年前开始(nearly a decade earlier)患上打鼾的毛病的,由此推知当她开始打鼾时应该是46岁左右。
3. A person with sleep apnea will possibly have the symptom like____.
A.failing to wake up in the morning
B.stopping breathing repeatedly
C.failing to concentrate on his thinking
D.staying awake all the night
A B C D
B
[解析] 由线索词定位到第一个小标题下第二段第二句she suffered from a sleep apnea,a condition in which patients stop breathing repeatedly as they sleep and can wake up as many as 100 times a night—often without remembering it. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:37】。根据原文可以得知,当人们患有这种睡眠呼吸暂停症的时候,他们会不时地停止呼吸,或者一晚上能醒过来100多次,故不难得出答案为B。
4. According to the study in the journal Sleep,those people with snoring problems will be more likely to suffer from______.
A.breath problem
B.heart attack
C.high blood pressure
D.stroke.
A B C D
D
[解析] 由线索词定位到第一个小标题下第三段末句A study published in the March 1 issue of the journal Sleep found that loud snorers had a 40 percent greater risk…chance of having a stroke. [精析] 细节推断题【考频:16】。通过原文可以了解到,根据睡眠杂志的调查研究发现,患有打鼾的人群患高血压的几率比普通人高出40%,患心脏病的几率比普通人高34%,患中风的几率比普通人高67%,比较这些数字可推知这些打鼾的人群得中风的可能性最大,故D为正确答案。
5. According to the poll by the National Sleep Foundation,compared to that of women,the number of men with snoring problem is_____.
A.larger
B.smaller
C.nearly the same
D.quite different
A B C D
C
[解析] 由线索词定位到第一个小标题下第四段第二句In a recent poll by the National Sleep Foundation…,it's nearly as common in women as men. [精析] 同义转述题【考频:45】。本题要考查国家睡眠基金会所做的调查的相关结果。从原文可以得知,近1/3的人都患有打鼾的毛病.并且年龄越大,情况越糟糕,但是出乎人们意料的是,女性和男性患有打鼾的毛病几乎是一样的普遍。由此可知答案为C。
6. According to Michael Twery,why don't those people with snoring problems go to see their doctor?
A.Because they are afraid to be laughed at by others.
B.Because they are not aware of the problems due to their slow progress.
C.Because they are too busy to go to hospital.
D.Because they are unwilling to talk about snoring problems,
A B C D
B
[解析] 由线索词到第二个小标题下首段末句Since it is a progressive condition,says Michael Twery,director…“the person who's affected is usually not aware of how severe the condition is. ” [精析] 同义转述题【考频:45】。从原文可知,因为打鼾的毛病是慢慢形成且逐渐加重的,以致人们意识不到这种病症的严重性。本题容易误选A,但注意题干要求的是Michael Twery的观点.故排除A。
7. According to the passage,what is the most common treatment for sleep apnea is______.
A.wearing a mask when sleeping
B.taking a nap everyday
C.having long-time sleeping
D.using a CPAP machine
A B C D
D
[解析] 由线索词定位到第二个小标题下第二段末句But once she was diagnosed and began using a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure(or CPAP)machine,the most common treatment for sleep apnea. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:37】。根据原文可知,睡觉时呼吸暂停最普遍的治疗方法就是using a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure(or CPAP)machine,故答案为D。
8. CPAP is a useful machine for people with snoring problems because it can help to______.
FORCEOXYGENINTOTHEAIRWAY
[解析] 由线索词定位到第二个小标题下第三段首句Moss-Tucker 110 longer needed naps…helping to force oxygen into the airway while the patient sleeps. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:37】。此处需要填入动词性成分与to构成不定式。由定位句里的同位语结构可知,此处应填入force oxygen into the airway。
9. To cure the snoring problems,surgery can be used to improve______.
NASALAIRFLOW
[解析] 由线索词定位到第三个小标题下首段首句Surgery to widen the airways or improve nasal airflow is also an option,though it also may… [精析] 同义转述题【考频:45】。此处要填入名词性成分作improve的宾语。本题考查如何通过手术来治疗打鼾的毛病。根据原文可知,扩宽空气通道和加快呼吸气流都对治疗打鼾有效。由此得出答案为nasal airflow。
10. People with snoring problems can get treated through different surgery procedures,such as UPPP, LAUP,Somnoplasty and______.
Section A In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversatios. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question the there will be a pause. During the pause you must read the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and decide which is the best answer.
[解析] W:I am so excited.We have two weeks off.What are you going to do? M:My parents have rented an apartment in Florida.I am going to take long walks along the beach every day and do lots of swimming. Q:What will the man do in the holiday? [听前预测] 选项都是祈使句,表示动作,可见对话涉及要做的事情,听录音时要注意有关行动的信息。 [答案详解] 行动计划题【考频:9】。女士问男士两周的假期要做什么,男士说自己的父母在佛罗里达州租了一套公寓,自己要去那里的沙滩上漫步.去海里游泳。因此可知答案为D。
2.
A.In his apartment.
B.In his friend's dormitory.
C.The woman's home.
D.He hasn't found any place.
A B C D
C
[解析] M:I have to find some place to live in tonight,because I locked my key in my room. W:That's bad.Why not come with us to our home? We have a vacancy for guests. Q:Where will the mail sleep tonight? [听前预测] 选项内容都与地点有关,听录音时要注意有关地点的信息。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:72】。男士说自己今晚没地方睡觉了,因为把钥匙锁在公寓里了,女士邀请男士去自己家里住,因为家里有一间闲置的客房。由此推断男士今晚去女士家里借宿。
3.
A.She has finished her dissertation.
B.The man became the chair of the department.
C.There is something about their school and people.
D.A special day is coming over.
A B C D
A
[解析] M:Helen,how can I help you? W:Well, it's not about school,Dr.Hampton.I want to have a few people over for a dinner party to celebrate finishing my dissertation(学位论文).and we'd like to invite you especially.since you're chair of the department. Q:What does the woman hold the dinner party for? [听前预测] 选项的内容都是关于一个事件或者客观事实,听录音时要注意有关信息。 [答案详解] 信息明示题【考频:53】。男士以为女士来寻求帮助.女士否认不是为学校的事而来,而是想邀请男士去参加她的晚宴,庆祝自己的论文顺利完成。这正是女士举行聚会的原因。
4.
A.The two old friends met on the street unexpectedly.
B.Their cars knocked into each other.
C.They quarreled with each other.
D.They argued about how to drive on the road.
A B C D
B
[解析] W:Oh God! why didn't you watch where you are going? Look at my fender(挡泥板)! M:You should let me over! Couldn't you see me signaling? Don't you even know how to drive? Q:What happened between the two speakers? [听前预测] 选项内容都与过去发生的事情有关。听录音时注意涉及叙述过去发生的动作或事件的相关信息。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:72】。女士问男士为什么不看路,把自己的挡泥板都撞坏了。男士责怪女士说应该让他先过去,自己已经用车灯示意了,且质问女士会不会开车。由此可以推断,两人的车发生了碰撞。男士话中的signaling意为“打信号,打暗号”。
5.
A.He has just quitted his former job.
B.He is still a school student.
C.He is applying for a job.
D.He is having an interview now.
A B C D
B
[解析] W:I have been looking through your application.You seem to have many of the qualifications needed for this position.Do you have any work experience? M:Actually,I am scheduled to finish school in June.To be honest,this is the first lob I am looking for. Q:What does the man do? [听前预测] 选项的主语郁是He,内容都与他的T作状态有关,听录音时要注意表示工作情况的词语。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:21】。女士看过男士的申请之后觉得他具备这个工作所要求的许多条件,问他是否有工作经验。男士说他六月份才会毕业,这是自己找的第一份工作。可见.他现在还是学生。题干考查的是男士目前的身份或职业.而并不是问男士现在正在进行的动作.注意选项C和D的混淆性。
6.
A.He wants to know the temperature in Fahrenheit.
B.He wants to know the temperature in Centigrade.
C.The newscasters always confuse the audience.
D.The newscasters can not understand Fahrenheit.
A B C D
A
[解析] W:Do you need the temperature in Fahrenheit or Centigrade? M:Fahrenheit.The newscasters often give us both now,but I am so used to the Fahrenheit scale while I just can't get used to Centigrade. Q:What does the man mean?. [听前预测] 选项中前两个选项,内容涉及温度的测量方式.后两个选项与新闻广播员有关,也是与温度相关的内容,听录音时要注意涉及温度的相关信息。 [答案详解] 语义理解题【考频:24】。女士问男士是想知道华氏温度还是摄氏度温度,男士说尽管现在新闻播报中两种计量方法都会出现,但是他还是习惯用华氏温度。因此可以推断他想知道用华氏度计量的温度。
7.
A.The man is against the latest tax increase.
B.The woman is for the latest tax increase heavily.
C.The woman is indifferent to the tax increase.
D.Personally,the woman doesn't like the tax increase.
A B C D
D
[解析] M:Marry,how do you feel about this latest tax increase? W:Well,as far as I aril concerned,it is of course regrettable.But it is necessary for the economic policy,I am afraid. Q:What can we learn from the conversation? [听前预测] 选项内容涉及对话双方对税率上调的态度,且选项侧重于女士的个人态度,问题可能涉及女士对税率上调的态度。 [答案详解] 综合理解题【考频:35】。男七问女士如何看待最近的这次税率上调。女士说自己当然不希望税率上调,但是恐怕这又是必要的经济政策。由此推断女士个人也不喜欢上调税率,但并没说女士反对税率政策。
8.
A.She is taking courses for the new term.
B.She is trying to understand each course.
C.She is complaining to the man about the courses.
D.She is asking for advice about taking courses.
A B C D
A
[解析] M:You can't do that.That's not reasonable to select so many courses at tile salTle time.You'd better look before leap. W:I know.But I can't make up my mind.I want to take Chinese History,but I also like French and Japanese. Q:What is the woman doing? [听前预测] 选项的内容郜涉及She正在进行的动作,听录音时注意与女士相关的动作信息。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:72】。男士劝告女士不能一次选那么多课.因为这不合情理,劝她三思而后行。女士说她明白。但是她也拿不定主意因为她想选的课程有很多。可见她正在选课。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 19-22 M:Lisa, do you think we make too much use of tinned and frozen food in Britain?The supermarkets here are full of them,aren't they? (19)Perhaps that is why our food is not very tasty.as you may have found out already. W:But frozen foods are convenient and handy.aren't they? Just think of all tile tedious work we would have to do in the kitchen if it weren't for frozen foods and the like. M:Yes.that's true! (20)But you spend much more time cooking and preparing meals in your country than we do in Britain.don't you? W:Yes.I suppose we do.You make less fuss about food than we do.In my own country,we have two big meals a day,that is,lunch and dinner,and we spend a lot of time preparing them.(21)Here in Britain,you have only one big meal a day, apart from breakfast and lunch snack, and you spend much less time preparing it. M:Yes,but we're just as fond of good and delicious food as you are. W:Well, you certainly don't show it! M:We do fuss about our meals sometimes,and remenber,we like to eat out on special occasions,such as weekend evenings.birthday parties and other celebrations.London is full of foreign restaurants where you can get all the exotic dishes of the world.You must come out with us one evening,Lisa. W:Thank you very much,I'd love to.That's what I like about London.(22)There's always so much to see and do!I think I made a wise decision when I chose to live and study in London. What does the man think of the tinned and frozen food? [听前预测] 由选项中的food,tasty等词语可推测本题可能是有关某物对食物的味道的影响。 [答案详解] 信息明示题【考频:12】。由[听前预测] 可知.要判断某物对食物味道的影响.一开始很容易听到男士就抱怨tinned food和frozen food太多了,到处都是,所以食物才不那么可口。
10.
A.The woman's country.
B.The man's motherland.
C.The United Kingdom.
D.They are the same.
A B C D
A
In which country people will spend more time on food? [听前预测] 选项中有三项都是国家,由此可推测本题是有关某物在不同国家的区别。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:19】。文章提到了不同国家对待食物的不同看法,男士国家的人也就是英国人在准备食物上花的时间少,而在女士的国家,人们会用大量的时间去准备食物。由此可知答案。
11.
A.British spend more time preparing meals.
B.British just prepare for breakfast and lunch snack.
C.British people have three meals a day.
D.British people have two big meals a day.
A B C D
C
what can we learn about British meals? [听前预测] 选项都涉及British和meals的次数,由此猜测问题可能有关英国人吃饭的次数的内容。 [答案详解] 细节辨认题【考频:8】。文章中双方谈论每天的就餐次数时提到,女士的国家每天吃两顿正餐,而男士的国家也就是英同每天只吃一顿正餐即午餐,但是还有早餐和中午的点心,可见英国每天还是吃三顿饭。
12.
A.There are so many restaurants in London.
B.There are so many delicious foods in London.
C.The life in London is diverse and colorful.
D.The people here are very friendly.
A B C D
C
Why does the woman think she has made a good decision to live in London? [听前预测] 选项的内容都与伦敦有关,注意听对话当中伦敦的相关评价。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:6】。本题是本对话的最后一一题。根据题文同序原则,答案应出现在后半部分。录音最后不难听到女士说她很喜欢伦敦,因为有许多可看和可做的事,由此推断伦敦的生活比较丰富多彩。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
[解析] 23-25 M:Are women ever seen in the media to be superior to men? W:Very rarely, in fact.And when they are seen to be better, or faster,or stronger than men they are also seen to be a freak(反常的;稀罕的).You know,someone with super human powers.In other words,they are not seen to be an ordinary person like you or me. M:Why do you think this is? W:(23)It's probably because if people know it's too ridiculous to be true, then they are not going to believe it.This way it won't harm men's image. M:So what's the Internet like? W:(24)In fact.I think the Internet is probably the worst of all the media.I don't know why exactly, but I think it is probably because there is little or no control over the Internet.Instead,the Internet is seen as a type of no-man's land,if you like.That is to say it's not actually owned by one person, or one company.Therefore people are free to put whatever information on tlie Internet they want. M:So would you say then that information on the Internet should be supervised? W:I think there should be some control over the Internet because some of the images are dangerous. M:Dangerous? I'm afraid you might be exaggerating about it. W:Not really, indeed.For adults I guess it's not such a big problem because mature people are able to decide for themselves what to believe and what not to believe.(25)But children are a different matter.They accept information that is presented to them withou questioning that information or considering the consequences of believing it.In other words,children believe what they see, or what they are told. M:Yes,it is really a big problem. Why are women always seen to be inferior to men in the media? [听前预测] 由选项中的内容推断本题可能涉及男性与女性之问的强弱关系,要注意表示强弱关系的词。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:6】。对话一开始就提出了媒体中的女性形象永远不如男性的话题,后文解释说,就算有女性强势的形象出现也会让人觉得不正常.否则就会破坏男人的形象。由此推断出B符合题意。
14.
A.It needs some powerful control over its content.
B.It has abundant information on the websites.
C.It is good to every one especially the children.
D.It is the best form of the public media.
A B C D
A
What does the woman think of the Internet? [听前预测] 选项均是对主语It的描述。由此可推测本题可能与某个物体的状态或者对某物的评价有关。听问题时要注意It指代的具体事物。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:19】。对话中的两人在评价网络信息时,女士对其评价并不高,认为需要加强对网络的管理力度.否则就可能会带来严重的后果,所以A项符合题意。
15.
A.Because it has so many information that children will feel confused.
B.Because children sometimes question some of the information.
C.Because children can not tell what is right and wrong on the Internet.
D.Because children will become addicted to it which is really bad.
A B C D
C
Why is Internet dangerous for children? [听前预测] 从选项的内容可以看出.问题与某物对孩子的影响有关。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:13】。对话最后女十着重说明了网络对孩子们的不良影响,认为网络上的有些内容对于孩子来讲很危险,因为他们会毫不怀疑地接受信息.也不会考虑相信这些信息的结果,孩子们没有辨别是非的能力。
Section B In this section,you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B. C and D. Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
B.They are too young to concentrate their attention for a long time.
C.They are occupied with learning.
D.They set up the sound foundation for their future studies.
A B C D
B
[解析] 26-29 People have different views on what children should do at a very early age.Some think that children should begin their formal education and start to spend most of their time on studies.Others believe that it is still time for young children to play.Both views are based on respective ground. (26)Those who argue for the playing time for children suggest that children at a very early age are still too young to focus their attention on learning.Their brain may not be ready for serious studies such as comprehension and memorizing learning materials.These people are partially right,for it is true that young children can hardly concentrate.Their attention on one thing lasts for no longer than 15 minutes or so.(27)But we can arrange classes for shorter periods,can't we? And we can shift teaching subjects.Through putting them to study,young children are occupied with learning but not with playing. (28)Those who argue for children's early commencement for formal education believe that being put to studies,children can develop good habit of studying, for the process of learning helps develop children's mental abilities like the ability to memorize,the ability to understand and the ability to do simple calculation.(28)Children's habit of studying and love for learning are of great importance to youngsters because these two things set up the sound foundation for their future studies. (29)Having children start formal education at a very early age benefits young children much more than simply letring them play most of their time.A good babit needs a long time to develop to become a second nature.More importantly,it is better to develop a good habit before a bad one may grow. Why do some people believe that children should not begin to study at a very early age? [听前预测] 选项的主语都是They,内容都与行为有关,推测问题可能与要做的事情有关。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:87】。文章明确指出有些人反对孩子过早开始学习,其理由是小孩子年纪太小,根本无法长时间集中注意力学习。
2.
A.Shorten the teaching periods and change subjects.
B.Teach the children to concentrate to the classes.
C.Occupy the children with 1earning.
D.Simplify the content of the class.
A B C D
A
What can people do to teach the very young children? [听前预测] 选项都是祈使句.推测问题可能询问要采取的行动,听录音时要注意提问的对象。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:25】。文章进一步指出,反对的意见固然有一定道理,但是人们可以通过缩短上课时间和改变上课内容的方法,让小孩子接受早期教育。
3.
A.They do not have too much time to play.
B.They can comprehend and memorize learning materials.
C.They can prepare for the future studies.
D.They may form a bad habit.
A B C D
C
What is the benefit of putting children to studies at an early age? [听前预测] 选项主语都是They,可推断本题可能询问某种行为对“他们”产生的影响。 [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频:25】。文章中间部分阐述了支持早期教育人士的观点,认为若能早点儿让孩子接受教育,可以让他们养成良好的学习习惯,为孩子以后的学习奠定坚实的基础。
4.
A.Negative.
B.Supportive.
C.Neutral.
D.Critical.
A B C D
B
What's the author's attitude towards putting children to studies at an early age? [听前预测] 选项均是表示态度的形容词,由此推测本题可能询问对某事的态度。 [答案详解] 观点态度题【考频:3】。文中支持早期教育的人士提出,可以通过缩短教学时间等方法达到早期教育的效果,最后指出早期教育对培养孩子良好的学习习惯至关重要。由此看出作者支持对孩子进行早期教育。
Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
[解析] 30-32 Early in tbe age of richness that followed World War Ⅱ,an American retailing analyst proclaimed that our enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption our way of life,that we seek our spiritual satisfaction,our own satisfaction,in consumption.We need things consumed,burned up,worn out,replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate. (30)Americans have responded to his call and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central task of life in industrial lands and is become one of the social values. Over consumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth.The exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or inevitably spoil forests,soils,water,air and climate. Ironically,high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms,too.(31)The time-honored values of integrity of character,good work,friendship,family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—misled by a consumerist culture,they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social.psychological and spiritual needs with material things. Of course,the opposite of overconsunlption—poverty—is no solution tO either environmental or human problems.It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too.The poor peasants burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America,and hungry farmers turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland,reducing it to desert. (32)If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much,we are left to wonder how much is enough.What level of consumption can the earth support? What did the emergence of the rich society after World War Ⅱ lead to? [听前预测] 选项都是名词性短语,推断问题可能与某个社会现象或者文章主旨大意有关。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:87】。文章开头捕写了二战后美国经济迅速发展,经济分析家号召人们尽情消费,并接着指出所有美国人都响应这一号召,甚至整个世界都开始尽情消费,掀起了商品消费的热潮。
6.
A.Because poverty still exists in an rich society.
B.Because over consumption won't last long due to unrestricted population growth.
C.Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.
D.Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.
A B C D
C
Why does the author say high corlsumption is a mixed blessing? [听前预测] 通过选项可知本题询问某件事情的消极原因。听录音时注意问题涉及的事件内容。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:41】。文中指出,人们为了追求财富.不惜牺牲历史悠久的种种优良传统,如正直的品质、良好的工作、友谊、家庭和社区等等.所以说追求高消费的现象是件忧喜参半的事。
7.
A.Human spiritual needs should match material richness.
B.Whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issue.
C.How to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem.
D.There is never an end to satisfying people's material needs.
A B C D
C
What can be inferred from the passage? [听前预测] 选项内容概述的是社会当中有关消费现象的一个客观事实,问题可能涉及对文章内容的概括或归纳。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:41】。文章最后提出人类对物质的过度的需求会造成环境的彻底毁灭。作者还提出了两个问题:人类到底想要多少?地球能够承受的消费水平到底是怎样的?因此可推断出,人类还不知道到底怎样才能将自己的消费控制在合理的范同内。
Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A.There are many factors which can influence the use of solar energy.
B.No matter where you live,you can use solar energy freely.
C.All the houses can be equipped with solar energy system.
D.Only the whole country can afford to use solar energy.
A B C D
A
[解析] 33-35 Solar energy for your home is coming.It can help you as a single home owner.It can help the whole country as well.(33)Whether or not solar energy can save your money depends on many things.Where you live is one factor.The type of home you have is another.Things like insulation,present energy coats and the type of system you buy are added factors. Using solar energy can help save our precious fuel.As you know, our supplies of oil and gas are very limited.There is just not enough on hand to meet all our future energy needs when Mother Nature says that's all.The only way we can delay hearing those words is by starting to save energy now and by using other sources,like the sun. We won't have to worry about the suns running out of energy for another several billion years or so.Besides being an endless source of energy, the use of the sun has other advantages as well.(34)The sun doesn't offer as many problems as other energy sources.For example,fossil fuel plants add to already high pollution levels.With solar energy, we will still need sources of energy, but we won't need as much.That means we can cut down on our pollution problems. Solar coats are starting to equal the costs of oil and electricity.Experts say that gas,oil and electricity prices will continue to rise.The demand for electricity is increasing rapidly.But new power plants will use more gas,oil or coal.Already in some places the supply of electricity is being rationed.(35)Solar energy is now in its infancy.It could soon grow to become a major part of our nations energy supply. What can we know about the factors that affect the use of solar energy? [听前预测] 选项内容与太阳能使用条件有关,由此推测问题可能考查影响使用太阳能的前提条件。 [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频:87】。文章开始就提到,使用太阳能是否省钱是由许多因素决定的,如对居住的地点、房屋的类型等都有要求.这些都是使用太阳能的前提条件。
9.
A.Energy from coal.
B.Energy from natural.
C.Energy from the sun.
D.Energy from oil.
A B C D
C
Which energy would not pollute our livig environment? [听前预测] 从选项中的energy from可知本题可能考查能源的种类及其相关的特点,听录音时留意能源的种类及其影响。 [答案详解] 细节辨认题【考频:9】。文章中间部分指出使用太阳能不会像使用其他能源那样带来其他问题,如使用石油会造成污染,因此推断出使用太阳能不会污染我们的生活环境。
10.
A.Solar energy will be considered as an important part of our nation's energy supply.
B.Because solar energy is in its infancy,we will build more power plants.
C.Because solar energy is in its infancy. the supply of electricity will be rationed.
D.Although solar energy is in its infancy. we don't need practice energy rationing now.
A B C D
A
What can be inferred from the passage? [听前预测] 通过选项可知本题可能考查太阳能住未来的应用以及对将来能源产生的影响问题。 [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频:41】。文章最后明确指出,太阳能的使用现在还处于初级阶段,它不久很可能就会成为国家未来能源供应的主要来源。
Section C In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. The social effects of job-sharing are likely to be beneficial, since it attempts to match work opportunities to a wider variety of lifestyles. The 1 of one full-time and one part-time spouse might become much more common:which was the husband and which was the wife would 2 according to taste,time of life and career requirements. What exactly is job-sharing? The Equal Opportunities Commission 3 it as“a form of part-time employment where two people 4 share the responsibility of one full-time position. ”Salary and benefits are 5 between the two sharers. Each person's terms and conditions of employment are the same as those of a full-timer. If each works at least 15 hours a week, then they enjoy certain 6 rights that ordinary part-time workers do not have. Part-timers usually earn less per hour than a full-timer, and have fewer benefits and less job 7 . They have virtually no career prospects. Employers often think that working part-time 8 that a person has no ambitions and so offer no chance of promotion. 9 and that does not mean just married women. As Adrienne Broyle of“New Ways to Work”—formerly the London Job-sharing Project points out:“ 10 ”. “A growing number of men want to job-share so that they can play an active role in bringing up their children. It allows people to study at home in their free time, 11 . Job-sharing is also an ideal way for people to ease into retirement”.
[解析] 36-46 The social effects of job-sharing are likely to be beneficial, since it attempts to match work opportunities to a wider variety of lifestyles. The combination of one full-time and one part-time spouse might become much more common:which was the husband and which was the wife would vary according to taste,time of life and career requirements. What exactly is job-sharing? The Equal Opportunities Commission defines it as“a form of part-time employment where two people voluntarily share the responsibility of one full-time position. ”Salary and benefits are divided between the two sharers. Each person's terms and conditions of employment are the same as those of a full-timer. If each works at least 15 hours a week, then they enjoy certain employment rights that ordinary part-time workers do not have. Part-timers usually earn less per hour than a full-timer, and have fewer benefits and less job security. They have virtually no career prospects. Employers often think that working part-time means hat a person has no ambitions and so offer no chance of promotion. But job-sharing bridges that gap and offers the chance of interesting work to people who can only work part-time and that does not mean just married women. As Adrienne Broyle of“New Ways to Work”—formerly the London Job-sharing Project points out:“There are various reasons why people decide they want to job-share and so have more free time”. “A growing number of men want to job-share so that they can play an active role in bringing up their children. It allows people to study at home in their free time,and means that disabled people of those who otherwise stay at home to look after them, can work. Job-sharing is also an ideal way for people to ease into retirement”. [听时猜测] 根据句子结构,此处在介词of之前,需要填名词。 答案要诀语义推断题【考频:49】。文章第一句是中心句,讲到工作分享为人们提供了更多样化的生活方式。本句是对中心句的进一步说明,of后是有关全职与兼职配偶之间合作的内容。结合录音不难填出combination。
But job-sharing bridges that gap and offers the chance of interesting work to people who can only work part-time
[解析] bridges,gap,offers the chance,interesting,only work
10.
There are various reasons why people decide they want to job-share and so have more free time
[解析] various,reasona,decide,more free
11.
and means that disabled people of those who otherwise stay at home to look after them, can work
[解析] means,disabled,otherwise, at home,look after
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A In this section,there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading technique which lets them accurately predict the images that people are looking at by using scanners to study brain activity. The breakthrough by American scientists took MRI(磁共振成像)scanning equipment normally used in hospital diagnosis to observe patterns of brain activity when a subject examined a range of black and white photographs. Then a computer was able to correctly predict in nine out of ten cases which image people were focused on. Guesswork would have been accurate only eight times in every 1000 attempts. The study raises the possibility in the future of the technology being harnessed to visualise scenes from a person's dreams or memory. Writing in the journal Nature,the scientists,led by Dr Jack Gallant from the University of California at Berkeley,said, “Our results suggest that it may soon be possible to reconstruct a picture of a person's visual experience from measurements of brain activity alone. Imagine a general brain-reading device that could reconstruct a picture of a person's visual experience at any moment in time. ” It will inevitably also raise fears that a suspect's brain could be interrogated against his will,raising the nightmarish possibility of interrogation for“thought crimes”. The researchers say this is currently firmly in the realm of science fiction because the technique can only be applied to visual images and,to date,the experiments rely on clumsy MRI scanning equipment and extremely powerful magnets. The software decoder itself has to be adapted to each individual during hours of training while ill the scanner. However the team have warned about potential privacy issues in the future when scanning techniques improve. “It is possible that decoding brain activity could have serious ethical and privacy implications downstream in, say, the 30-to-50-year time frame,”said Prof Gallant. “We believe strongly that no one should be subjected to any form of brain-reading process involuntarily, or without complete informed consent. ”
1. What did the American scientists use to scrutinize patterns of brain activity?
MRI scanning equipment
[解析] 根据题于中的patterns of brain activity定位到第二段首句The breakthrough by American scientists took MRI scanning equipment normally used in…a range of black and white photographs. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:22】。本题考查美国科学家使用什么细察大脑活动。该句提到,MRI磁共振成像扫描设备通常用于医疗诊断,而美国科学家却用其观察大脑活动的模式,实现了一项科技上的突破。题干中的scrutinize与原文中的observe相对应,故答案为MRI scanning equipment。
2. It is increasingly possible that the technology will make visible the scenes in one's______.
dreams or memory
[解析] 根据题干中的increasingly possible和scenes定位到第三段首句The study raises the possibility in the future of the technology being harnessed to visualize scenes from a person's dreams or memory. [精析] 同义转述题【考频:23】。该句指出,这项研究提升了将梦境或记忆中的情景用画面呈现出来的可能性。题干中的it is increasingly possible是对原文raises the possibility的同义转述,make visible the scenes是对原文visualize scenes的同义转述,one's与a person's相对应,都表示“某人”,故答案为dreams or memory。
3. With the brain-reading technology. what is feared to happen to a suspect?
His brain could be interrogated against his will.
[解析] 根据题干中的suspect定位到第四段首句It will inevitably also raise fears that a suspect's brain could be interrogated against his will, raising the nightmarish possibility of interrogation for“thought crimes”. [精析] 细节辨认题【考频:22】。本题考查随着读脑技术的发展,人们担心什么会发生在犯罪嫌疑人身上,该句提到,读脑技术必然会加深人们的忧虑——可能在违背犯罪嫌疑人意愿的情况下对其进行读脑审讯。因此,担心的事情即为His brain could be interrogated against his will。
4. Interrogation for“thought crimes”hasn't come into reality partly due to the dependence off ______.
clumsy MRl scanning equipment and extremely powerful magnets
[解析] 根据题干中的interrogation for“thought crimes”和reality定位到第四段第二句The researchers say this is currently firmly in the realm of science fiction because the technique can only be applied to visual images and, to date, the experiments rely on clumsy MRI scanning equipment and extremely powerful magnets. [精析] 同义转述题【考频:23】。本题考查,由于什么原因,对“思想犯罪”进行审讯还未成为现实。原文第四段第 二句提到,这种情景还仅仅存在于科幻小说中。因为到目前为止,读脑实验还需要依赖于笨重的磁共振扫描设备和异常强大的磁场。题干中的due to与原文中的because相对应,the dependence on是对原文rely on的同义转述,故答案为clumsy MRI scanning equipment and extremely powerful magnets。
5. Prof. Gallant believes that a brain-reading process can be applied only with the subject's ______.
complete informed consent
[解析] 根据题干中的Prof. Gallant和brain-reading process定位到最后一段末句We believe strongly that no one should be subjected to any form of brain-reading process involuntarily,or without complete informed consent. [精析] 同义转述题【考频:23】。本题考查,Gallant教授认为只有在获得受试者什么的情况下才能对其进行读脑。该句提到,“我们认为.在非自愿或缺乏完全知情和许可的情况下,任何人都不应被实施读脑。”题干中的can be applied only with是对原文no one…without…的同义转述,故答案为complete informed consent。
Section B There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B. C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year(a year between school and university when some students earn money,travel,etc. )and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and even the most motivated,organised gap student does require family back-up,financial,emotional and physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured their offspring;it is vicarious living. We all wish pre-university gap years had been the fashion in our day. We can see how much tougher our kids become:how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree. Gap years are fashionable,as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them. Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped,but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking,and includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant,teaching English. With this trend,however,comes a danger. Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would-be undergraduate's progress to a better university,a good degree,an impressive CV and well-paid employment, as the gap companies'blurbs(产品推介)suggest it might be,then parents will start organizing—and paying for the gaps. Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies'umbrella organization,the Year Out Group,it is usually because of poor planning. That can be the fault of the company or of the student,he says,but the best insurance is thoughtful preparation. “When people get it wrong,it is usually medical or,especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match reality. ” The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies. The 18-year-old,who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks'notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of 5800, probably came back with little more than a hangover. The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the rest of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland,and came back to apply for university,is the positive counterbalance.
1. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents of gap students may______.
A.help children to be prepared for disasters
B.receive all kinds of support from their children
C.have rich experience in bringing up their offspring
D.experience watching children grow up
A B C D
D
[解析] 由题干中的inferred from the first paragraph定位到第一段。 [精析] 细节推断题【考频:99】。第一段论述了经历学业间断年的孩子的父母的感受,包括两个方面:一是由于这个时期的学生需要家庭从经济上、情感上和体力上给予帮助,因此父母可能有帮助孩子成熟起来的美好经历;二是父母间接的感受,即看着孩子们变得更坚强.自己做决定,从而成长起来。由此可知,选项D正确。 [避错] A中出现了原文中的disaster,但含义不同,第一段第二句中disasters指的是“困难,危机”,是下文提到的“孩子需要家庭给予帮助”造成的,排除A;第三旬提到,父母有帮助孩子成熟起来的美好经历,而非C中的rich experience“经验丰富”,排除;D与第一段第二句含义相反。
2. According to the Para. 2,when it comes to gap years, ______.
A.the popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charities
B.Prince William was working hard during his gap year
C.gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago
D.a well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干中的According to tne Para.2定位到第二段第二句Pictures of Prince william toiling in chile have helped,but the trend has beeil gathering steam for a decade. [精析] 事实细节题【考频:36】。第二段第二句提到,威廉王子在智利吃苦的事情(对间断年的流行)发挥了作用。由此可知B正确。 [避错] 第二段第一句提到,学业间断年现在很时兴,反映在提供它们的慈善团体和私人公司的数目呈巨额增长。A错在将表现归为原因;第三句提到,(间断年普及的)趋势十年来一直在加强。因此排除C;第二段后半部分谈到“学业间断年的时兴”带来的隐患,即一些父母过分相信公司的宣传,认为精心安排的间断年对于孩子未来的求学、就业都很重要。因此D是一些公司的宣传及部分家长的错误看法故观点错误。
3. The word“packages”(Line 3. Para. 2)means______.
A.parcels carried in traveling
B.a comprehensive set of activities
C.something presented in a particular way
D.charity actions
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干中的“packages”(Line 3,Para. 2)means定位到第二段第三句The range of gap packages starts with backpacking,and includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools;and,very commonly,working as a language assistant teaching English. [精析] 语义理解题【考频:78】。词义的推断依赖上下文。上文中gap一词多次出现,指“学业间断”,下文提到一系列活动,即背包旅行、和慈善团体一起工作、修建医院和学校、做语言助教教英语。因此gap packages,指学业间断期间学生从事的多种活动,应选B。 [避错] 由上分析可知A“旅行中带的包裹”、C“用特殊方式呈现出来的东西”和D“慈善行动”均不合文意。
4. What can cause the disasters of gap years?
A.Intervention of parents.
B.Careful planning.
C.Good health.
D.Realistic expectation.
A B C D
A
[解析] 由题干中的cause the disasters of gap years定位到第二段后半段和第三段。 [精析] 细节推断题【考频:99】。第二段后半部分论述了随着学业间断年的普及而带来的一个隐患,即父母以为好的间断年可以决定孩子未来的求学和就业,因此会主动安排孩子的间断年。显然,D父母的干涉妨碍了孩子的独立成长。 [避错] 第三段提到了造成问题的其他几个原因,分别是:计划不周(poor planning)、健康问题(medical)、从未离开过家、期望与现实不符。B“仔细的计划”、C“良好的健康状况”和D“现实的期望”与第三段提到的正相反,所以都排除。
5. An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/she______.
A.lives up to his/her parents'expectations
B.spends time being lazy and doing nothing
C.learns skills by spending parents'money
D.earns his/her living and gains working experience
A B C D
D
[解析] 由题干中的take a meaningful gap year定位到第四段第一句The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies. [精析] 细节推断题【考频:99】。第四段第一句提到,学业间断年的意义在于它应该是离校生开始做自己喜欢做的事情的时候。后面部分进一步进行阐述。由父母来决定孩子怎样成熟,并不能使孩子真正成熟。无所事事的行为也没有收获,行动的安排者应是学生自己。文章举了两个截然不同的例子,前者遵照父母的安排,后者自食其力。因此,D符合题意。 [避错] A“达到父母的期望”并不意味着度过了有意义的学业问断年,排除:B“无所事事”与文意相反:C“通过花父母的钱学会技能”.也不符合文意。
Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Not long after the telephone was invented. I assume, a call was placed. The caller was a parent saying,“Your child is bullying my child, and I want it stopped!”The bully's parent replied,“You must have the wrong number. My child is a 1ittle angel. ” A trillion phone calls later. The conversation is the same. When children are teased or tyrannized(欺压),the parental impulse is to grab the phone and rant. But these days,as studies in the US show bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline,researchers who study bullying say that calling morns and dads is more futile than ever. Such calls often lead to playground recriminations(指责)and don't really teach our kids any lessons about how to navigate the world and resolve conflicts. “When you call parents, you want them to‘extract the cruelty’from their bullying children. ”says Laura Kavesh,a child psychologist in Evanston,Illinois. “But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won't believe it. ”In a recent police-department survey in Oak Harbor. Washington. 89 percent of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18 percent of parents thought their children would act as bullies. In a new US PIA survey, 5 percent of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted(误解), causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say,parents should get objective outsiders,like principals,to mediate. Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child's bullying, listen without getting defensive. That's what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy's food. Her son had confessed,but the victim's mom“wanted to make sure my son hadn't given her son a nasty disease,”says McHugh,who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote,but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh's son that his bad behavior was being taken seriously. McHugh,founder of Parents Coach Kids,a group that teaches parenting skills,sent the mom the test results. All were negative. Remember:once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it in your pocket.
1. The word“bullying”(Line 2,Para. 1)probably means____.
A.frightening and hurting
B.teasing
C.behaving 1ike a tyrant
D.laughing at
A B C D
A
[解析] 由题干中的“bullying”probably means定位到第一段第二句…your child is bullying my child, and I want it stopped!… [精析] 语义理解题【考频:78】。文章第一段双方家长的对话中出现的bullying my child与My child is a little angel相互对照,说明bullying是坏孩子的行为。第三段中提到打电话的目的是“想让埘方改掉他们孩子的恶劣行为”,cruelty一词说明了bullying的特点。此外第五段给出了bullying的具体事例:把痰吐到另外一个孩子的饭里。因此可推知A“恐吓和伤害”为正确答案。 [避错] B在第二段中提到,D与其近义,但却都只是其中一种形式,不足以概括所有的行为,故排除这两项;C含义不正确,可排除。
2. According to the surveys in the US,____.
A.bullying among adults is also rising
B.parents are not supervising their children well
C.parents seldom believe bullies
D.most parents resort to calling to deal with bullying
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干中的According to the surveys in the US定位到第二段第三句But these days,as studies in the US show bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline… [精析] 事实细节题【考频:36】。第二段第三句提到,研究表明恃强欺弱现象在增加,父母看管却在减少,因此B正确。 [避错] A中among adults在文中未提及,排除;C不相信恃强欺弱者这种行为,错误;第四段第一句提到,研究表明只有5%的父母支持找家长解决恃强欺弱问题,D与此矛盾,故排除。
3. Calling to a bully's parent____.
A.has long existed but changed its content
B.is often done with careful thinking
C.often leads to blaming and misunderstanding
D.is used to warn the child not to do it again
A B C D
C
[解析] 由题干中的Calling to a bully's parent定位到第四段第二句But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted, causing tempers to flare. [精析] 事实细节题【考频:36】。第四段第二句提到,专家指出这种沟通可能会被误解,使对方勃然大怒。由此可知C正确。 [避错] 第一段提到,打电话给恃强欺弱者的父母的做法自有电话以来就长期存在了。第二段第一句提到,这样的电话不计其数,但谈话内容却一样。由此排除A第二段第二句提到,冲动的父母抓起电话,大声抱怨,排除B;D文中未提及。
4. When bullying Occurs,parents should______.
A.help the bullying child get rid of cruelty
B.resort to the mediator
C.avoid getting too protective
D.resist the temptation of calling
A B C D
B
[解析] 由题干中的When bullying occurs,parents should定位到第四段最后一句Instead,they say,parents should get objective outsiders, like principals,to mediate. [精析] 细节推断题【考频:99】。该句指出:他们认为父母应该找较客观的旁观者如学校校长等来进行调解。因此B“求助调停者”正确。 [避错] 第三段第一句提到,受欺负的孩子的家长打电话是希望对方家长能改正其孩子恃强欺弱的毛病。可见,A并不是作者的观点。第五段第一句提到,接到电话的家长不要袒护自己的孩子。第六段提到,如果你想拨电话,一定要忍住诱惑。显然C和D是分别针对“接到电话”和“打电话”的家长而言的,均不符合题意。
5. Laura McHugh promised to get the bullied boy tested for diseases because____.
A.her son confessed to being wrong
B.she was afraid to annoy the boy's parents
C.he was likely to be affected by these diseases
D.she wanted to teach her own son a lesson
A B C D
D
[解析] 题干中的to get the bullied boy tested for diseases because定位到第五段倒数第三句She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote,but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh's son that his bad behavior was being taken seriously. [精析] 细节推断题【考频:99】。笫五段举例说明应如何正确对待一位愤怒的家长的电话。该段倒数第三句提到,麦休许诺让受欺负的孩子做疾病测试.不仅让其母亲平静下来,也让自己的儿子知道父母是非常严肃地对待他的恶劣行为的。由此可知D“她想给儿子一个教训”正确。 [避错] A“她儿子承认他错了”并不是做疾病测试的原因,排除A;C“他可能会被这些疾病感染”是字面意思的曲解:B“她害怕惹怒男孩的家长”在文中示提及,故排除。
Part Ⅴ Error Correction This part consists of a short passage. In the passage,there are altogether 10 mistakes,one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word,put a insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank. Books,even in this age of cheap literature,cost money.The short of pa- 62.______ per,together with the high cost of living, has made books an inexpensive item 63.______ in our list of requirements.This would mean that fewer people call afford to have them.Yet there are people who think nothing of spending money on a rich dinner,but don’t like to spend the same sum on books.Therefore,the time has come for a new public library policy to be introduced,for the higher the price of books the great tile need to give them the widest circulation possible. 64.______ The Hong Kong Government has set up Urban Council Libraries and study rooms in various districts.There iS no doubt when books are wisely selected. 65.______ The libraries and study rooms have a great educational value, and have done much to courage the habit of reading among the people. 66.______ For setting up 1ibraries,some factors should be taken to consideration.In 67.______ the first place,it is not enough to have just a building.equip it with shelves and fill it books.The library building itself must be attractive in structure.desira 68.______ ble in atmosphere.and uncumbered i 11 administration.Then secondly,there is the choice of suitable books to look into. Though most of the books are novels and most of tile readers are novel- readers,read science fiction iS quite a source of amusement and pleasure.Al- 69.______ SO.it iS a mean of broadening one’S mind and learning more about life and hu 70.______ man being.Yet, there should always be many serious books—history, biogra phy,travel,poetry and literature, which iS appreciated by many readers. 71.______
1. A little learning is a dangerous thing,______(而无知同样糟糕)。
but a lot of ignorance is just as bad
[解析] ①常用表达【考频:11】;②同定用法【考频:40】。 [精析] ①“无知”用ignorance表示;②“正像……”用just as表示.也可用the same as表示,后者通常用在…is the same as…结构。 [扩展] 本句还可以翻译为but the same to ignorance.
2. By reading mother's facial expressions,______(我隐约猜到将有不同寻常的事发生).
I guessed vaguely that something unusual would/was about to happen
[解析] ①宾语从句【考频:2】;②习惯用法【考频:11】。 [精析] ①分析句子,此处需要填入主句成分,且南guess引导一个宾语从句;②“隐约地”用vaguely表示;“不同寻常的事情”用something unusual表示,此处something为不定代词.修饰它的形容词需要放在其后。 [扩展] be about to do与will do同义,都表示“将来要……”。
3. This is a good chance for these artists______(因为他们的个人主义最终在作品中表现了).
as/because their individualism finally found expressions in their works
[解析] ①原因状语从句【考频:2】;②固定用法【考频:40】。 [精析] ①根据句意,此处需要用because或as引导原因状语从句;②“个人主义”用individualism表示;“以……方式表达”用found expressions in表示。 [扩展] 本句还可以翻译为as/because their individualism is finally found in their works.
4. If Albert hadn't called the fire brigade,___(所有一切就会毁掉了).
everything would have been destroyed
[解析] ①虚拟语气【考频:6】;②习惯用法:【考频:11】。 [精析] ①句中If是虚拟语气的标志词,根据句意,本句表示与过去事实相反.所以用过去完成的虚拟语气结构是if it hadn't done,it would have done,所以本题用would have been destroyed;②“毁坏”destroyed,表示损坏后无法再弥补。 [扩展] If引导的虚拟条件句时态:1.从句Ifl did/were,主句I would;2.从句If I had,主句I would have;3.从句一般过去式If I were to do/should do,主句I would(should)do。
5. We arrived at the airport on time, ______(不料却被告知我们的航班被取消了).
only to be told our flight was cancelled
[解析] ①固定用法【考频:40】;②被动语态【考频:2】。 [精析] ①“不料,却……”用only to be told表示,句型only to do sth.表示意想不到的结果;②“取消”用cancel表示,而“航班”与“取消”之间存在逻辑上被动关系,所以本句要用被动语态。 [扩展] 句型only to do sth.表示意想不到的结果,而且结果通常是主语不愿意看到的结果。