1. Fog can be a hazard on the motorways in winter.
A.protection
B.indication
C.immunity
D.danger
A B C D
D
[解析] 本句意思：冬季的大雾会在公路上制造险情。hazard和danger意思相同．即危险，危害。protection：保护，例如：Textile workers favoured protection．纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施。indication：迹象，指示，例如：Did he give you any indication of his feelings?他向你表达了自己的感情了吗?immunity：免疫力，例如：This vaccine will give you immunity for two years．接种这种疫苗可有两年的免疫力。
2. We elicited truth by discussion.
A.demanded
B.provoked
C.extracted
D.defied
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句意思：我们通过讨论得出真理。provoke：引发，诱发，它与划线的词意思最接近，例如：Throwing one bone to two dogs will only provoke a fight．把一块骨头扔给两只狗只会引发它们打架。extract：提取，抽出，例如：The oil is extracted from the seeds of certain plants．油是从某些植物的种子里榨出来的。defy：公然反对，藐视，例如：The child defied his parents．这孩子不听父母的话。
3. I don't quite follow what she is saying.
A.observe
B.understand
C.explain
D.describe
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句意思：我听不懂她在讲什么。follow这儿和understand同义，如：The teacher is talking too fast for the students to follow．老师讲得太快，学生都听不懂。explain：解释，例如：UFOs are often explained as supernatural．不明飞行物常常被解释为超自然现象。describe：描述，例如：They described him to be a mysterious person．他们把他描绘成一个神秘的人。observe：观察，注意到，例如：Didn’t you observe the difference?难道你没有看出差别?
4. The book's unusual title intrigued me into reading it.
A.fascinated
B.infected
C.inconvenienced
D.inclined
A B C D
A
[解析] 本句意思：这本书奇特的书名吸引我去读它。intrigue：引起……的兴趣或好奇心；fascinate意为强烈地吸引住，词义最近，例如：Her beauty fascinated every boy．她的美貌使所有的男孩子都着了迷。infect：感染，影响，例如：Mary's high spirits infected all the girls in the class．玛丽的兴致感染了全班的女孩。inconvenienced：使不便，例如：It's 13.0 inconvenience to drive you to the station．开车送你去车站一点也不麻烦。incline：倾向于，例如：I incline to take the opposite point of view．我倾向于反对观点。
5. Global climate change was the dominant theme of the conference.
A.notion
B.module
C.subject
D.norm
A B C D
C
[解析] 本句意思：本次会议的主题是全球气候变化。theme：主题，subject意思和它相同，例如：The theme of the poem is love．那首诗歌的主题是爱情。notion：概念，念头，例如：He had a sudden notion to visit his friends．他心血来潮，突然想去拜访他的朋友。module：组件，舱，例如：the command module，指挥舱。norm：规范，常规，例如：Everyone should abide by our social norms．我们每个人都应该遵守社会行为准则。
6. Can you spot the flaw in their argument?
A.mixer
B.rim
C.monster
D.defect
A B C D
D
[解析] 本句意思：你能指出他们论点中的谬误吗?flaw：缺陷，不足。它和defect意思相同，例如：We must correct our defects as soon as possible．我们必须尽快纠正我们的缺点。mixer：混合物，例如：a food mixer食物搅拌器。rim：边缘，篮筐，例如：The water was even with the rim of the basin．盆里的水与盆边平齐了。monster：怪物，例如：This is a horrible monster．这是一个可怕的怪物。
7. I wonder who first conceived the idea of cutting a hole in the door?
A.thought of
B.came on
C.gave up
D.handed out
A B C D
A
[解析] 本句意思：我很好奇是谁先想出在门上留出一个洞来。conceive：正式词汇，表示“想出，构思”；选项A意思与其接近，例如：I conceived that there must be some difficulties．我料想到一定有些困难。come on：突然产生，例如：There is a storm coming on．暴风雨要来了。give up：放弃，例如：He decided to give up the plan．他决定放弃这个计划。hand out：提交，例如：Please hand out the reading materials to the students．请把这些阅读材料分发给学生。
8. A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.
A.practically
B.considerably
C.remarkably
D.fairly
A B C D
C
[解析] 本句意思：虽然个子很矮，但他每周和同事打几场篮球。notably和remarkably同义，“明显地，引人注目地”，例如：He sings remarkably well．他唱得特别好。practically：实际地，实事求是地，例如：He solved the problem very practically．他很实事求是地解决了这个问题。considerably：相当地．例如：The gap between the two parties has narrowed considerably．双方的隔阂已明显缩小。fairly：公平地，诚实地，例如：I think I was quite fairly treated by the police．我认为警察对我非常公正。
9. Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions.
A.statements
B.beliefs
C.suggestions
D.claims
A B C D
B
[解析] 本句意思：诺曼·布莱米是一个坚定的信念艺术家。statements：陈述，声明，例如：the witness's statement证人的陈述。belief：信仰，信念，例如：His story is beyond belief．他的故事令人难以置信。suggestion：建议，例如：We are glad to agree to your suggestion．我们很高兴同意你方建议。claim：要求，主张，例如：I claim payment from my friend．我要求我的朋友付款。
10. Up to now, the work has been easy.
A.So
B.So long
C.So that
D.So far
A B C D
D
[解析] 本句意思：至今为止，工作是容易的。so：因此。so long：只要。它用来引导条件句，例如：So long as I have time，I'll go with you．只要我有功夫，我就陪你去。so that：以至于。它引导目的状语，例如：He got up early in the morning so that he would not be late again．他起了个大早，为了不再迟到。so far：至今为止。例如：so far，so good．到目前为止，一切顺利。so far与up to now句子的谓语动词的时态应使用完成时。
11. The report advocated setting up day training colleges.
A.supposed
B.excited
C.suggested
D.discussed
A B C D
C
[解析] 本句意思：报告建议设立日间培训学院。suppose：想，假设，例如：I hadn't supposed that I should get the first prize．我没有想到会获得一等奖。excited：兴奋，激动，例如：They were excited with joy at the success．他们为成功而欣喜若狂。discuss：讨论，例如：College students always discuss the news．大学生经常讨论新闻。
12. Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.
A.Therefore
B.Afterwards
C.However
D.Furthermore
A B C D
A
[解析] 本句意思：因此，已经使用了许多其他的方法。therefore：因此，所以，例如：I think, therefore I am．我思故我在。afterwards：此后，以后，例如：This has afterwards proved to be the correct explanation．后来证明，这是正确的解释。however：但是，然而(表示转折)，例如：It's raining hard．However, I still want to go there．虽然下着大雨，我还是想去那儿。furthermore：并且，此外，例如：I don't like her because she is too tall and furthermore she smokes too much．我不喜欢她，因为她太高，另外她抽烟太厉害。注意：这些词均属于连接副词，在文章中起到连接上下文的作用。
13. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.
A.function
B.ability
C.power
D.volume
A B C D
D
[解析] 本句意思：这个燃料箱有140升的容量。function：功能，例如：The machine will not function properly if it is not kept well-oiled．机器没有上好油，就不会顺利地运转。power：力量，政权，例如：The new government will come into power next month．新政府将在下月开始执政。volume：容量，例如：The volume of this container ship is 100,000 cubic metres．这个集装箱货轮的容量是十万立方米。capacity：容量，如：This is a jug with a capacity of two quarts．这个壶能装2夸脱的东西。ability：能力，如：People bring different capacities to the language learning process．人们在语言学习过程中能力各不相同。
14. There has been a boom in economy in recent years.
A.fall
B.mistake
C.growth
D.flaw
A B C D
C
[解析] 本句意思：近几年经济迅速发展。句中boom：繁荣，迅速发展。fall：下降，如：We are expecting a fall in stock prices．我们预料股市价格将要下跌。mistake：错误，如：Tom didn't make a single spelling mistake in his composition．汤姆在这篇作文里一个字也没拼错。growth：增长，如：Exercise and good food are important to the proper growth of a child．运动和营养好的食物对孩子的正常发育十分重要。flaw：缺陷，如：There's a flaw in your plan．你的计划有个缺陷。只有growth意思上和boom最接近。
15. It is self-evident that he will win the game.
A.likely
B.possible
C.clear
D.probable
A B C D
C
[解析] 本句意思：显然他将赢得比赛。self-evident和obvious意思接近，即显而易见的。clear：清楚的，例如：It is not clear whether the incident was accidental or deliberate．还不清楚这一事件是意外的还是故意的。likely，possible和probable都有“可能”的意思，例如：They are the likeliest candidates．他们是最有可能当选的候选人。possible：可能的，例如：It's possible to break with old habits．改掉老习惯是可能的。
In the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said, "We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization. " That's not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education. According to the American author Arthur Herman, the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most important ideas on which modern life depends—everything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to those people in business, government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world. It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment (启蒙运动), which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800．Before that, philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the proper study of humanity was mankind itself. Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of how people think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved, for universal benefit. Hume's enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method—the pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh, Adam Smith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade, he argued, was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets, we all come to benefit each other. Smith's idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and powerful through peace, trade and invention. Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin(构成……的基础) our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation (方向).
1. Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education.
1 Icebergs are among nature's most spectacular(壮观的) creations, and yet most people have never seen one. A vague air of mystery envelops them. They come into being—somewhere—in faraway, frigid waters, amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence, which in most case no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away(消融) just as unnoticed. 2 Objects of sheerest(最纯粹的) beauty they have been called. Appearing in an endless variety of shapes, they may be dazzlingly white, or they may be glassy blue, green or purple, tinted faintly or in darker hues. They are graceful, stately, inspiring—in calm, sunlight seas. 3 But they are also called frightening and dangerous, and that they are—in the night, in the fog, and in storms. Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them. Most of their bulk is hidden below the water, so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top. Also, they may roll over unexpectedly, churning the waters around them. 4 Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off, drift into the water, float about awhile, and finally melt. Icebergs afloat today are made of snowflakes that have fallen over long ages of time. They embody snows that drifted down hundreds, or many thousands, or in some cases maybe a million years ago. The snows fell in polar regions and on cold mountains, where they melted only a little or not at all, and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries. As each year's snow accumulation lay on the surface, evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly to lose their feathery points and become tiny grains of ice. When new snow fell on top of the old, it too turned to icy grains. So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers compressed the lower ones. With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals, and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice. A．Formation of Iceberg B．Iceberg Is Beautiful C．Color of Iceberg D．Iceberg Is Dangerous E. Iceberg Is Mysterious F. Classification of Iceberg
1. Paragraph 1 ______
E
[解析] 第一段说Icebergs是大自然最壮观的创造，尤其是：“A vague air of mystery envelops them．”“…in most case no one hears or sees．They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away just as unnoticed．”这些都显示出冰山的神秘。
2. Paragraph 2 ______
B
[解析] 第二段讲冰山的美。第二段提到了冰山的不同颜色，这样的目的是为了体现它的美。另外，本段第一句和最后一句：They are graceful，stately，inspiring—in calm，sunlight seas．也都在讲冰山的美丽。C是干扰项。
3. Paragraph 3 ______
D
[解析] 第三段提到冰山是很危险的。第一句就说到：But they are also called frightening and dangerous．
A．larger than the party above the water B．stay near the iceberg C．melt away just as unnoticed D．larger crystals E. stay away from iceberg F. above the water
5. Icebergs exist only a short time and then slowly ______.
C
[解析] 第一段最后一句说：They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away just as unnoticed．“waste away”和“melt away”都是“慢慢消融”的意思。
6. Even in clear weather one is wise to ______.
E
[解析] 答案相关句在第三段第二句：Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them．
7. The underwater part of an iceberg is ______.
A
[解析] 第三段第三句：Most of their bulk is hidden below the water, so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top．这是答案所在句。
8. With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to ______, and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.
The National Education Association claims, "The school bus is a mirror of the community. " They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior (外部) does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are tight, and sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson riding the school bus has been more than a tide to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl's bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesl's family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year tiding the bus. She says, "It's been a great tide so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when you're a child, adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important. " Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree. Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975．This year he will celebrate 30 .years working for Althouse Bus Transportation. Company President, Larry Althouse acknowledges Bruce Hardy's outstanding record. "Yon do not come by employees like Bruce these days; he has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. Recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles, Hardy's reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus. " Althouse further added, "Althouse Bus Transportation was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Transportation is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come. " Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesl's mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy's bus to the Octorara School District.
1. The word "mirror" in the first line could be best replaced by ______.
Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $ 26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere ,' could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (inconstant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973．The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $ 22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25% - 0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980．On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies-to which heavy industry has shifted--have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70% , and in 1979 by almost 30%.
1. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is ______.
A.global inflation
B.reduction in supply
C.fast growth in economy
D.Iraq's suspension of exports
A B C D
B
[解析] 第一段的第二句话：Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March，the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last, December．说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量，使得油价上升。所以本题的答案是B。
2. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ______.
Even ancient Egypt's mighty pyramid (金字塔) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒)that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 B．C.. Now evidence collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame and the same or worse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile's annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons (季风) southwards out of Ethiopia would have reduced these floods. Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment (沉积) from the White Nile. Blue Nile mud has a different isotope (同位素) signature from that of the white Nile, so by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4500 to 4200 years ago, immediately came before the fall of the Egypt's old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians. " Changes that affect food supply don't have to be very large to have a ripple (波浪) effect in societies. " says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. "Similar events today could be even more devastating," says team member Daniel Stanley, a scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.. "Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically. "
1. Why does the author mention "Egypt's mighty pyramid builders"?
A.Because they once worked miracles.
B.Because they were well-built.
C.Because they were actually very weak.
D.Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization.
2. Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt?
A.Change of climate.
B.Corruption.
C.flood.
D.Population growth.
A B C D
A
[解析] 问题是：下面列出的几种因素中，哪一种是造成古埃及文明毁灭的根本性因素?第一段中有这样一个子句：…a shift in climate…was ultimately to blame-…最终归咎于气候的变化。因此，A是正确的答案。
3. Which of the following statements is true?
A.The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile.
B.The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile.
C.The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile.
D.The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile.
A B C D
D
[解析] 问题是：以下哪一种陈述正确?D说的是：白尼罗河是尼罗河的支流。第四段中的最后一句话：…worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river．算出了来自河的每条支流的沉积物的比例。因此，D是正确答案。
4. According to Krom, the Egypt's old Kingdom fell ______
A.immediately after a period of drought.
B.immediately after a period of flood.
C.just before a drought struck.
D.just before a flood struck.
A B C D
A
[解析] 问题是：古埃及王朝的毁灭发生在什么时候?A说的是：就在一个时期的干旱之后。第五段有这么一个句子：…one of these periods…immediately came before the fall of the Egypt's old Kingdom．可以看出，A是正确答案。
5. The word "devastating" in the last paragraph could be best replaced by ______.
Pressure increased recently on British supermarkets and retailers to reduce packaging as part of an anti-waste campaign. 1 . Britain generates 4.6 million tons of household waste every year by packaging. Dozens of people have expressed anger at the excess of plastic wrapping. Campaigners have called on Britain to learn from other European countries. 2 . When returned bottles are put in a vending machines (自动售货机), the deposit is refunded. Environmentalists warn that Britain lags behind in this. There were reports of growing unease among consumers over the amount of packaging they have to deal with. Trade standards officers also object to excessive packaging. 3 In response to a campaign by Britain's The Independent newspaper, leading supermarkets have pointed to various initiatives to win the public confidence. 4 But campaigners said retailers and the government could learn much from anti-waste practices on the Continent. In Sweden, non-recyclable batteries have been taxed since 1991 to encourage a switch to alternatives. 5 In Germany, plastic bags are unheard of in supermarkets and deposits are paid for reusable plastic and glass beverage bottles. A．If a product is over packaged, don't buy it. B．In Belgium, when you buy something in a plastic or glass container, you make a deposit. C．This is because too much padding can give buyers a false impression of what they are buying. D．This has resulted in a 74 percent reduction in sales. E．Tesco said it was saving 112,000 tons of cardboard a year by switching to reusable plastic crates(装货箱) for transporting its fresh produce. F. The campaign was initiated by The Independent newspaper.
When I was in my teens(十几岁) and 20s, hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport. The kindness or curiosity of strangers 1 me all over Europe, North America, Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends, many provided hospitality 2 the road. Not only did you find out much more about a country than 3 traveling by train or plane, but also there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture. It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to 4 ? A few years ago, I asked the same question about hitchhiking in a column on a newspaper. 5 of people from all over the world responded with their view on the state of hitchhiking. "If there is a hitchhiker's 6 it must be Iran. " came one reply. Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitchhiking, 7 was Quebec, Canada: "If you don't mind being berated (严厉指责) for not speaking French. " But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in many parts of the world, the 8 feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed (消亡). With so much news about crime in the media, people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we 9 to be so wary both to hitchhike and to give a lift? In Poland in the 1960s, 10 a Polish woman who e-mailed me, "The authorities introduced the Hitchhiker's Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers, so each time a driver 11 somebody, he or she received a coupon. At the end of the season, 12 who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes. Everybody was hitchhiking then. " Surely this is a good idea for society. Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down 13 between strangers. It would help fight 14 warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels. It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant 15 in geography, history, politics and sociology.
1.
A.made
B.took
C.traveled
D.crossed
A B C D
B
[解析] 动词搭配题。take me all over Europe属于动宾结构的固定搭配，take表示让人搭车。
2.
A.above
B.over
C.at
D.on
A B C D
D
[解析] 介词搭配题。本句意思是：许多人一路上给予了我热情。on the road：固定的介词短语。其他选项均不合适。
[解析] 语义衔接题。according to：按照，根据。owing to和due to都比较正式，表示因为，例如：Owing to the had weather，this morning's night will be delayed．由于天气恶劣，今天早上的航班会延误。He is retiring due to his ill health．由于健康原因，他要退休了。With respect to：至于，例如：With respect to your request，I am not yet able to agree．至于你的请求，我还不能同意。
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