1. She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb.
A.play
B.send
C.show
D.tell
A B C D
C
[解析] 划线词意为“展示，展览”，C项意为“展示，表明”，A项意为“玩；播放”，例：I could hear music playing on the radio. 我听到收音机里演奏着音乐。B项意为“发送”，例：She sent me a christmas card. 她给我寄来一张圣诞贺卡。D项意为“讲(述)，告诉；吩咐；认出；显示；生效”。
2. The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him.
A.long
B.never-ending
C.boring
D.extensive
A B C D
B
[解析] B项意为“不停的，无限的”，A项意为“长(期)的(地)；渴望”，C项意为“令人厌烦的，无聊的”，例：He's likeable enough, but a bit boring. 他挺讨人喜欢，就是有点无聊。D项意为“广大的，广阔的；广泛的”。
3. She could not answer, it was an immense load off her heart.
On March 27, the US Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens. They telephoned all state and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time. Roads were closed to every one except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain. Shortly afternoon on March 27, Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years. People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky. Later, scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater (大坑) in the top of the mountain, not far from the old crater. The north side of the peak now had a huge bulge (凸出部分) where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption. A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28. It, too, sent up a column of black ash high into the sky. By March 29, scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one. Strange blue flames flickered (闪烁) inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other. By April the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the north slope of the peak was black with ash. Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens. During the first week of April, Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about: harmonic tremors (震动) recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen. All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder (震动) and shoot out ash. By April 8, two craters had merged to from a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep. Scientists' main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on, the north face of the mountain. By May 7 scientists feared the worst. Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain. The inner "red" zone was open to scientists only. The outer "blue" zone was open only to people who got special permits. But in spite of these warnings, some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.
1. American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
[解析] 由第一段中On March 27, the US Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens. 和第二段中Shortly afternoon on March 27, Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years. 可知，美国科学家预测圣海伦斯火山很快会爆发。
2. Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
B
[解析] 由第二段中...and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky. 可知是飞行员看见a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky. 而不是飞行员在2100米的高度。
3. A new crater, which was to the south of the old one, was formed after the second eruption.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
B
[解析] 由第二段第一句话Shortly afternoon on March 27, Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years. 和第三段中Later, scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater(大坑)in the top of the mountain, not far from the old crater. 可知，the new crater 是在the first eruption时形成的。
4. The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
A
[解析] 由第六段第一句话可知During the first week of April, Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about: harmonic tremors(震动)recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen. 这句话是正确的。Quake也是震动的意思。
5. Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
C
[解析] 文章在最后一段只提到一些人冒着生命的危险去接近火山，并没有提到有人死亡。
6. Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
B
[解析] 文章最后一段By May 7 scientists feared the worst. 由此可知，只是科学家害怕会发生the dreadful eruptions，但事实上并没有发生。
7. The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A B C
C
[解析] 文章最后一段提到some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano。但并没提到吸引了外国的游客。
Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night's sleep than 8-hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night's rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that "it might be a good idea" for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep--for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. "It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they'll spend a higher percentage of time awake." he said. A. Kripke's research tool B. Dangers of habitual shortages of sleep C. Criticism on Kripke's report D. A way of overcoming insomnia E. Sleep problems of long and short sleepers F. Classification of sleep problems
1. Paragraph 2______
E
[解析] Investigators...found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling, than...该句回应了文章的主题——睡眠时间太长不是好事；对应被选项发现只有E和F与这个内容有关系，但段落最后一句中又提到了睡眠不足的人的问题，因此判断E是答案(睡眠长和睡眠短的人所面临的睡眠问题)。
2. Paragraph 4______
B
[解析] Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep--for instance...表明了该段的中心是讲述“长期睡眠不足的潜在危险。”
A. fall asleep again B. become more energetic the following day C. sleep less than 7 hours D. confirm those serious consequences E. suffer sleep problems F. sleep more than 8 hours
5. To get a good night's rest, people may not need to______.
F
[解析] 根据搭配结构need to do sth. 判断所有选项都在语法上合适。借助搭配句意：“为了晚上休息好，人们没有必要……”判断F(睡眠超过8小时)。
6. Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to______.
E
[解析] 借助搭配句意：“睡眠时间长的人根据报道更有可能……”，并结合文章主题——睡眠时问长不是好事情，判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容(利用题干中的Long sleepers和more likely作为答案线索)：Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept, 8 hours.
7. One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to______.
A
[解析] 借助搭配句意：“其中的一个睡眠问题是在午夜醒来，不能……”，直接判断A(再次入睡)合适。
8. One survey showed that people who habitually ______ each night have a higher risk of dying.
Cryptic species animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant--may be much more widespread than previously thought. The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity estimates and wildlife management, to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution. Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology. Markus Pfenninger and Klaus Schwenk, of the Goethe-Universitat, in Frankfurt, Germany, analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branches of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographieal regions. Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles, and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions. "Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality be many different cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Pfenninger. Until the genetic information of all species in at least one taxon is thoroughly studied, no one will know just how many cryptic species exist." It could be as high as 30%," Pfenninger says. "I'm extremely surprised by their results," says Alex Smith of the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. "It's a call to arms to keep doing the broad kind of genetic studies that we are doing." Sampling as many individuals as possible, scientists hope to complete work on all fish and birds in another 5 to 10 years. Once either of these taxonomic groups is completed, Pfenninger says researchers will be able to decide how many cryptic species exist throughout the animal kingdom. Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant. A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct, non-interbreeding species, the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened, respectively, by the World Conservation Union (WCU). The reclassifications are more than an academic exercise. They define populations that have evolved independently of each other and whose genetic differences can have significant consequences. In the early 1900s misidentification of mosquito species based on morphology confused attempts to control malaria in Europe. Ultimately, what was thought to be a single species was actually made up of six sibling species, only three of which transmitted the disease. "The basic unit in biology is always the species, and you have to know what you are dealing with," Pfenninger says. Much previous research is now no longer used, he says, because it is not clear what species was being studied.
1. Which of the following about the significance of the research on cryptic species is NOT true?
A.The results of the research can help the development of many other research areas.
B.The results of the research can help the development of biodiversity estimates.
C.The results of the research can help our understanding of infectious disease evolution.
D.The results of the research can help our understanding of "survival of the fittest."
2. What was scientists' understanding of cryptic species? Ａ. They occurred in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions. Ｂ. They were mostly found in insects find reptiles. Ｃ. They were likely to be in tropical rather than temperate regions. Ｄ. Both B and C.
3. Do scientists know how many cryptic species exist?
A.Not yet.
B.Yes, they do.
C.They will know the answer in another one or two years.
D.They will never know the answer.
A B C D
A
[解析] 第三段和第五段提供了答案。第三段的倒数第二句中的Until...no one will know just how many cryptic species exist. 其意思就是人们目前还不了解。第五段的最后一句也说明了研究者目前对此尚未了解。
4. Which of the following about the African bush elephant and the African elephant is true?
A.The WCU are interbreeding those elephants.
B.They are interbreeding species.
C.They are two genetically distant species.
D.They depend on each other for survival.
A B C D
C
[解析] 答案在第六段中。该段举了非洲大象为例，说明什么是cryptic species。第六段的句子“A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct, non-interbreeding spemes”是选择C的依据。选项A不对，the WCU并没有杂交繁殖这两种象。选项B不对，短文说这两种象是非杂交物种。选项D的内容短文中未提及。
5. People were confused in their attempts to control malaria in Europe in the earlyl900s, because scientists______.
A.identified only one mosquito species instead of six species
B.thought only three mosquito species transmitted disease
A new anti-cheating system for counting the judges' scores in ice skating is flawed, according to leading sports specialists. Ice skating's governing body announced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics may have been unfairly influenced. Initially the judges in the pairs figure-skating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair, even though they had a fall during their routine. But the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for failing to reveal that she had been put under pressure to vote for the Russians. The International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up (亚军) . The ISU, skating's governing body, now says it intends to change the rules. In future 14 judges will judge each event, but only 7 of their scores-selected at random-will count. The ISU won't finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sport, the British Government's sports body, has expressed reservations. "I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sport is looking for", says Jerry Bingham, UK Sport's head of ethics (伦理) . A random system can still be manipulated, says Mark Dixon, a specialist on sports statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London. "The score of one or two judges who have been hobbled (受到贿赂) may still be in the seven selected." Many other sports that have judges, including diving, gymnastics, and synchronized swimming, have a system that discards the highest and lowest scores. If a judge was under pressure to favour a particular team, they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team, so their scores wouldn't count. It works for diving, says Jeff Cook, a member of the international government body's technical committee. "If you remove those at the top and bottom you're left with those in the middle, so you're getting a reasonable average." Since the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, diving has tightened up in its system still further. Two separate panels of judges score different rounds of diving during top competitions. Neither panel knows the scores given by the other. "We have done this to head off any suggestion of bias," says Cook. Bingham urged the ISU to consider other options. "This should involve examining the way in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating (裁定) on matter of style and presentation," he says.
1. Who won the gold medal in the pairs figure-skating event?
A.The Russian pair.
B.The Canadian pair.
C.Both the Russian pair and the Canadian pair.
D.The French pair.
A B C D
C
[解析] 根据第二段最后一句话可知俄国和加拿大两个国家的选手都获得了冠军。
2. According to the new rules proposed by the ISU, which of the following is right?
A.The number of judges will be doubled.
B.Only half of the judges will score.
C.Only some selected judges will score.
D.Only half of the scores will count.
A B C D
D
[解析] 根据文章第三段可轻易得知答案选D
3. What does Jerry Bingham express by saying "I remain to be convinced"?
A.His anger.
B.His criticism.
C.His agreement.
D.His doubt.
A B C D
D
[解析] 第四段Jerry Bingham说我仍然需要进一步确信，所以他是持怀疑态度的。
4. The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISU can be best described as______.
A.indifferent
B.reserved
C.enthusiastic
D.positive
A B C D
B
[解析] 根据第四段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。
5. Which of the following is NOT true of the scoring system for diving?
Why is it that flying to New York from London will leave you feeling less tired than flying to London from New York? The answer may be a clear case of biology not being able to keep up with technology. Deep inside the brain there is a "clock" that governs every aspect of the body's functioning: sleep and wake cycles, levels of alertness, performance, mood, hormone levels, digestion, body temperature and so on. It regulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called the biological clock. The body clock programs us to be sleepy twice a day, between 3-5 am and again between 3-5 pm. Afternoon tea and nap are all cultural responses to our natural biological sleepiness in the afternoon. One of the major causes of the travelers malady known as jet lag is the non-alignment of a person's internal body clock with clocks in the external world. Crossing different time zones confuses the biological clock, which then has to adjust to the new time and patterns of light and activity. To make matters more complex, not all internal body functions adjust at the same rate. So your sleep/wake may adjust to a new time zone at one rate, while your temperature adjusts at a different pace. Your digestion may be on a different schedule altogether. Though we live in a 24-hour day, the natural tendency of the body clock is to extend our day beyond 24 hours. It is contrary to our biological programming to "shrink" our day. That is why traveling in a westward direction is more body-clock friendly than flying east. NASA studies of long haul pilots showed that westward travel was associated with significantly better sleep quantity and quality than eastward flights. When flying west, you are extending your day, thus traveling in the natural direction of your internal clock. Flying eastward will involve "shrinking" or reducing your day and is in direct opposition to your internal clock's natural tendency. One of the more common complaints of travelers is that their sleep becomes disrupted. There are many reasons for this: changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when your body clock is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal biological clock and working longer hours. It is often suggested that you adjust your watch as soon as you board a plane, supposedly to try to help you adjust to your destination's schedule as soon as you arrive. But it can take the body clock several days to several weeks to fully adjust to a new time zone. So, our body clock truly can "govern" us.
1. The role of the body clock is to______.
A.enable us to sleep 6 hours a day
B.help us adapt to a 24-hour cycle
C.regulate the body's functions
D.interfere with the body's functions
A B C D
C
[解析] 本题为细节定位题。由“It regulates all of these functions on a 24-hour basis and is called the biological clock.”可知答案为C。
2. The word "malady" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to______.
A.condition
B.discomfort
C.injury
D.excitement
A B C D
B
[解析] 本题为猜词题。由“Crossing different time zones confuses the biological clock,”可知是指的“不舒服”之意思。
3. Flying in a westward direction will______.
A.help you sleep better
B.increase the degree of jet lag
C.shrink your day
D.make you overeat
A B C D
A
[解析] 本题为细节推理题。由“That is why traveling in a westward direction is more body-clock friendly than flying east.”可知向西飞行人体会舒服点。
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the disrupted sleep of travelers?
A.Crossing different time zones.
B.Changing light and activity levels.
C.Working longer hours.
D.Watching out of the plane for a long time.
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题为细节判断题。由“...changing time zones and schedules, changing light and activity levels, trying to sleep when your body clock is programmed to be awake, disruption of the internal biological clock and working longer hours.”可知只有D没有，故选择D。
5. It can be seen from the last two paragraphs that______.
A.you can control your own body clock
B.it is not difficult to adjust to a new time zone
C.adjusting your watch can help you avoid jet lag
D.there isn't much you can do to avoid jet lag
A B C D
D
[解析] 本题为推理题。由“But it can take the body clock several days to several weeks to fully adjust to anew time zone.”可知避免jet lag没有那么容易。故选择D。
The most common kind of consolidation today is the merger. A merger occurs 1 . With the deregulation of natural gas, the nation's 20 interstate pipeline companies became fearful of cutthroat competition. Some felt that they could increase their efficiency and improve their market flexibility by merging. In 1985 Internorth of Omaha paid $2.3 billion for Houston Natural Gas Corporation, 2 . The system connected markets from coast to coast and raised sales to $10 billion. On occasion, mergers have occurred between smaller companies in an industry dominated by a few giant firms. These smaller companies claim that they need to merge to become more efficient and effective in competing against the biggest corporations. They maintain that such action increases competition instead of reducing it. The Antitrust Division of the Justice Department has not always agreed with them. Four major waves of mergers have taken place in this country. The first started in 1887, just prior to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act, and ended in 1904. It involved such giants as United States Steel and Standard Oil trying to create monopolies in their industries. From the end of World War I until the 1930s, large firms swallowed smaller firms to create oligopolies. The monopoly had no chance and the oligopoly little chance of succeeding today under present antitrust policy. The third major merger movement began in the 1960s, reached a peak in 1969, 3 . Many of the acquisitions involved giant firms in one industry buying up large companies in totally unrelated industries. Such mergers are called conglomerate mergers. A classic example is Mobil Oil Corporation's purchase of the huge retail chain Montgomery Ward & Company. Mergers in the last ten years were in the thousands. More important is the value of the transactions, which has risen sharply. The number of mergers and acquisitions apply 4 . The petroleum industry had mergers and acquisitions valued at closed to $80 billion between 1981 and 1984. Other industries 5 were banking and finance, insurance, mining and mineral, processed foods. A. thereby gaining control of the world's longest pipeline B. and then gradually declined C. experiencing large takeovers D. resulting in combinations of small firms E. only to those valued at $100 million or more F. when two or more companies get together to form one company
A health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health. To draw your health profile, you will 1 what diseases run in your family, what health hazards you may be exposed to 2 work, how your daily 3 compares to the recommended standards, how much time per week you 4 exercising and what type of exercise you engage 5 how stressful your work and family environments are, what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and 6 or not you have any one of a number of addictions. 7 this portrait, your should have a checkup to determine how your blood, heart, and lungs are functioning. This checkup will serve 8 a baseline, to which you can then compare later tests. 9 this profile is thoroughly drawn, you can begin to think about setting health priorities based 10 your particular portrait. For example, if you drink two martinis every evening, have a high-stress 11 , are overweight, smoke a pack of cigarettes a day, and use marijuana occasionally on weekends, you should quit smoking first, followed 12 losing the excess weight, reducing the stress of your job, giving up your marihuana habit, and then finally giving some 13 to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer, and then heart disease. Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life, who is 14 excellent health, a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will 15 him in the future.
1.
A.know
B.have known
C.need know
D.need to know
A B C D
D
[解析] 从句子的意思看，这里应该有“需要”的意思，所以选择应该在C和D之间，need可以作情态动词用，也可以作普通动词用，前面既用了will，那说明这里应该跟作普通动词用的need，所以答案是need to know。
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