银符考试题库-在线练习-硕士研究生英语学位模拟20

硕士研究生英语学位模拟20

PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION

Section A

1. What will they do next?

A.Wait for Mike.
B.Call Mike to come.
C.Pick Mike up in the morning.
D.Stop working for the day.

A B C D

[解析]
Man: We can't continue working without Mike, so let's call it a day.
Woman: I agree. We should pick it up from the morning.
Man: That's fine.
call it a day：今天到此为止，暂停止。

2. What does the woman mean?

A.She doesn't like playing tennis.
B.She was thinking the same as the man.
C.She had something else in mind.
D.She had suggested the same thing earlier.

A B C D

[解析]
Man: Do you want to go playing tennis?
Woman: I was going to suggest that. You must have read my mind.
read one's mind：知道某人在想什么。

3. What does the woman mean?

A.Matt wants to be cheered up.
B.Matt has lost himself.
C.Matt worries little about the game.
D.Matt feels a little depressed.

A B C D

[解析]
Man: Where is Matt these days? I haven't seen him in a while.
Woman: He feels a little blue because he has lost in the game.
Man: Let's go cheer him up.
blue：忧郁，沮丧的
cheer sb. up：使某人振奋

4. What does the woman mean?

A.The man is a coward.
B.The man is too careful.
C.Martha likes chicken very much.
D.Martha is not the right person for him.

A B C D

[解析]
Woman: Did you ask Martha on a date?
Man: No. I was about to, but I got a little nervous.
Woman: You're such a chicken.
chicken：胆小的人

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5. What does the woman mean?

A.Composition is her favorite course.
B.She prefers other courses to composition.
C.She enjoys most of the courses.
D.She doesn't like any course.

A B C D

[解析]
Man: Mary, what do you think about the courses this semester?
Woman: At the moment, there is no course I enjoy more than composition.

6. What does the woman mean?

A.She hasn't read the passage.
B.She doesn't understand it either.
C.She cannot read it in darkness.
D.She suggests that the man read it.

A B C D

[解析]
Man: Do you have any idea what this passage is about?
Woman: I'm as much in the dark as you are.
in the dark：在黑暗中；不知道；秘密地

7. What does the man advise the woman to do?

A.To guard her money.
B.Not to go shopping downtown.
C.To look for a new wallet.
D.Not to take the train.

A B C D

[解析]
Woman: I'm taking the train downtown to go shopping.
Man: Well, you'd better keep an eye on your wallet.
keep an eye on：照看；密切注意

8. Why did Jerry refuse to take the job?

A.The working hours were too long.
B.The job was not well-paid.
C.He didn't like working in a company.
D.The job was quite difficult.

A B C D

[解析]
Woman: Do you know that Jerry turned down that job offered by the company?
Man: Yeah, the hours were convenient but he wouldn't have been able to make ends meet.
make ends meet：收支相抵；钱够花。因此B为正确答案。

9. What can we learn about Steven?

A.Steven is satisfied with his experiment.
B.Steven couldn't enjoy the parties any more
C.Steven is a pleasure-seeker.
D.Steven is worried about his experiments.

A B C D

[解析]
Woman: Steven has failed in his experiment, but he is still ready for parties.
Man: He is a typical boy without worries and anxieties.
without worries and anxieties：无忧无虑的，没心没肺的

Section B

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1. What is the name of the study on people's happiness in different countries?

A.Social Research.
B.World Values Survey.
C.The World's Happiest Country.
D.Perspectives on Psychological Science.

A B C D

[解析]
Do you live in a happy country? Chances are strong that you do. Results of a recent study have shown that many people around the world are happier now than in the past. The study is called the World Values Survey. Researchers responsible for the study are based at the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research in the United States.
The researchers gathered information from opinion studies done in more than ninety countries or territories. Those studies were completed between nineteen eighty-one and two thousand seven. More than three hundred fifty thousand people told how happy or unhappy they were feeling. They also said how generally satisfied or unsatisfied they felt.
The results were reported in the publication "Perspectives on Psychological Science."
University of Michigan political scientist Ronald Inglehart directed the World Values Survey. Mister Inglehart says the results surprised him. He said it is widely believed that it is nearly impossible for happiness levels for a whole country to improve. He said many earlier studies have suggested that happiness levels do not really change.
Denmark was found to be the world's happiest country. Mister Inglehart notes that Denmark's health care is good and few Danes are hungry. Zimbabwe was rated as the least happy country. Zimbabweans have suffered from political and social unrest.
Other nations in the top ten for happiness include Iceland, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Canada and Colombia. Colombia suffers from violence in some areas. But Mister Inglehart says Colombians share strong family, friendship and religious ties. He says those qualities are common in areas along the Caribbean Sea. And he says they help balance economic and political weakness. Also, America's Central Intelligence Agency says the Colombian government has been working harder to control the violence.

2. What does the study show?

A.Happiness levels around the world do not really change.
B.Many people around the world like to talk about happiness.
C.Many people around the world are happier now than in the past.
D.Many people around the world are less happy now than in the past.

A B C D

3. Why was Denmark found to be the world's happiest country?

A.The health-care system in the country is good.
B.People in the country share strong family ties.
C.There is no hunger in the country.
D.There is no political and social unrest.

A B C D

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4. What did the speaker comment the past when he heard his students complain about their bad memories?

A.They needn't have repeated earlier materials.
B.They have bad habits rather than bad memories.
C.They should make continuous effort to train memory.
D.They can improve their memory by working hard.

A B C D

[解析]
Students often complain that they have bad memories. In the past, I have always commented that students, no matter what their age, do not have bad habits. They do not have regular study habits. They do not use the language whenever they have the opportunity. They do not make a continuous effort to think in the language. They fail to repeat earlier material at planned intervals. A lot of this is true, but the reasons for poor memory in language learning may be much more complex. It is not always the fault of the student.
A lot of the time, the reason for poor recall may lie in teaching methods which from the very beginning give too much emphasis to translation and reading. The criticism I would make here is that translation and reading are applications of language. They require conscious effort. But we are not conscious of our own language, of the mental process of using it. We use it effortlessly. So why should we operate in the conscious mind when we first approach a second language? Surely, that will be slow and laborious. It asks too much of our working memory which, because it is so limited, will fail us. At that point, the student complains of a bad memory. But he Js wrong. He is in fact suffering from bad teaching and/or learning methods.
If you ask a student to translate a sentence, he must operate a lot of the time in his own language. If he does not understand a word, he will go to his dictionary and look it up. This is a useful thing to do if you are translating, but a completely useless process for learning a second language, for the simple reason that his strong first language will interfere with and suppress the weaker second. In fact, anything of the weaker language is never remembered from the process of translation. The same criticism applies to word lists that contain both first and second languages, and to books which interweave the two languages. Again, the student complains he can hardly recall anything. And once again, the problem lies not in himself, but in inappropriate "conscious" learning methods.

13. What did the speaker comment the past when he heard his students complain about their bad memories?

5. What does the speaker suggest about language learning?

A.We should adopt some methods of unconscious learning.
B.Slow as it is, adopt some methods of unconscious learning.
C.Our working memory can be improved by doing a lot of reading.
D.It is necessary to learn consciously by trying word lists.

A B C D

[解析]
What does the speaker suggest about language learning?

6. Which word, according to the speaker, can describe the process of language use?

A.Laborious
B.Conscious.
C.Appropriate.
D.Effortless

A B C D

[解析]
Which word, according to the speaker, can describe the process of language use?

Section C

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1. It is estimated that at least one million people die every year because of complications ______.

from surgical treatment

[解析]
Doctors around the world now perform more than two hundred thirty million major operations every year. The World Health Organization says preventable injuries and deaths from medical operations are a growing concern.
Experts estimate that at least one million people die every year because of complications from surgical treatments. The WHO says studies suggest that about half of these problems may be preventable. The United Nations agency hopes to reduce mistakes with a program built around a new Surgical Safety Checklist.
Atul Gawande works at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. He helped develop the Safe Surgery Saves Lives program. Doctor Gawande and other researchers studied records from fifty-six countries.
In two thousand four, surgical complications in developed countries led to death in less than one percent of cases. In developing countries, the rate was five to ten percent. Complications can happen during an operation or after. For example, an infection might develop after an operation.
More than two hundred medical societies and health ministries have joined in the effort to make surgery safer. The new list is similar to what airplane pilots use before flying.
One member of the surgical team is responsible for the checklist. The very first step is to confirm the patient's identity and the operation to be performed.
More questions are asked before the first cut. All members of the team are supposed to identify themselves by name and job. Another step is to confirm whether the patient was given antibiotic drugs within the last hour to prevent infection.
The third and final part of the checklist is completed before the patient leaves the operating room. For example, surgical equipment is counted to make sure nothing unnecessary stays in the patient.

2. The program used by the United Nations agency to reduce mistakes is around a new ______.

Surgical Safety Checklist

3. In 2004, the death rate that surgical complications led to in developing countries was ______.

5%～10%

4. The very first step for the checklist is to confirm the ______ and the operation to be performed.

patient's identity

5. Surgical equipment is counted to make sure ______ stays in the patient.

nothing unnecessary

PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY

Section A

1. Some scientists are trying to eliminate malaria by developing a GM mosquito that can't transmit the disease.

A.remove
B.fabricate
C.enhance
D.utilize

A B C D

eliminate：消灭，淘汰，排除；remove：清除，排放，去掉，撤职，排除；fabricate：编造；enhance：增强，加强，提高；utilize：利用，充分利用

2. If a country turned inward and insulated itself, the result would be a diminished standard of living.

A.worshiped
B.split
C.innovated
D.isolated

A B C D

insulate：绝缘，孤立，隔离；worship：崇拜；split：分裂，分摊，劈开；innovate：革新，创新；isolate：隔离，孤立

3. The preserved food should retain palatable appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as its original nutritional value.

A.tasty
B.stylish
C.delicate
D.notable

A B C D

palatable“美味的”。A项tasty“美味的”；B项stylish“时髦的”；C项delicate“精致的”；D项notable“著名的”。根据句意，应选A。

4. The trade fair is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chinese auto industries and overseas auto industries.

A.promote
B.protect
C.preserve
D.prolong

A B C D

A项promote“促进，提升”；B项protect“保护”；C项preserve“维持，维护”；D项prolong“延长，拖延”，句意：本次交易会旨在促进中国汽车行业和海外汽车行业的进一步合作。根据句意，应选择A。

5. I didn't know it then, but this disruptive way of reading started with the very first novel I ever picked up.

A.harmful
B.persistent
C.interruptive
D.characteristic

A B C D

划线词disruptive“分裂性的”。C项interruptive“中断的，阻碍的”，与划线词意义最相近；A项harmful“有害的”；B项persistent“持久稳固的”；D项characteristic“有特征的”。

6. These machines have been idle for the past months.

A.been working well
B.been working badly
C.not been in service
D.not been running at all

A B C D

[解析] not been running at all是指“完全不运转，闲置的”。与本题划线词been idle的意思接近。been working well“运转良好”；been working badly“运转不良”；not been in sevice“没有服役，没被使用”。

7. Mr. Carson thought he was entitled to more assistance from the government.

A.had received
B.had a right to
C.would
D.might apply for

A B C D

have a right to意为“有权利……”，“给与权利……”，与本题划线词be entitled to的意思接近。A项receive“收到，遭受”；C项would“将”，后接动词原形；D项apply for的意思是“申请，请求”。

8. Residents in big cities in China tend to dispose of some old furniture when moving.

A.get possession of
B.get rid of
C.hold on to
D.keep track of

A B C D

dispose of：处理，解决，扔掉get possession of：得到，弄到手；get rid of：摆脱，扔掉，处理；hold on to：紧紧抓住，不放弃；keep track of：跟踪

9. It is generally believed that money can always bring happiness, but studies and surveys have proved that this is a myth.

A.fairy tale
B.absolute truth
C.mistaken idea
D.big controversy

A B C D

myth：神话，错误的认识(该意义比较流行)；fairy tale：神话故事；absolute truth：绝对真理；mistake idea：错误的想法；big controversy：争议大的事情

10. Beta-endorphin is a natural opiate which increases pain tolerance, counters stress and imparts a feeling of well-being.

A.destroys
B.suppresses
C.gives
D.secretes

A B C D

C项give“给予，传授”。译文：β一内啡肽是一种天然鸦片，它可以增强对疼痛的耐受力，缓解紧张情绪，并给人一种安全感。A项destroy“毁坏”；B项suppress“抑制，镇压”；D项secrete“隐藏”。

Section B

1. Nowadays, our government advocates credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you ______ your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputation.

A.keep up with
B.give away from
C.go back on
D.lose sight of

A B C D

A项keep up with“跟上，赶上”；B项give不能和away from搭配；C项go back on“违背，毁约”。D项lose sight of“不再看见，忘记，忽略”，根据题意，应选C。

2. A person can explain his professional goals ______ position, prestige or income.

A.in terms of
B.in case of
C.in view of
D.in honor of

A B C D

in terms of有关，联系到……，以……为标准或单位，在……方面，从……角度，如think of everything in terms of money(事事向钱看)；in case of：在发生……情况下(最好不要理解为“万一”)；in view of：考虑到，鉴于；in honor of：以纪念，为……(举行某活动)

3. To test his theory, the chemist ______ an experiment.

A.set up
B.set out
C.set forth
D.set in

A B C D

A项set up“提出，设立”。B项set out“出发，启程”；C项set forth“阐明，动身，把(会议等)提前”；D项set in“开始，到来，涨潮”。故应选A。

4. The hospital, though very new or young in its age, was somehow able to ______ the severe medicine shortage.

A.sustain
B.suspend
C.tolerate
D.detain

A B C D

sustain“承受，忍耐”。B项suspend“吊，吊销，悬挂”；C项tolerate“忍受，容忍”；D项detain“拘留，留住”。

5. These papers have helped to ______ the causes of depression and ways out of depression.

A.catch sight of
B.take advantage of
C.shed light on
D.get along with

A B C D

catch sight of：一眼看到，突然发现；take advantage of：利用(往往为个人利益)；shed light on：有助于人们了解；get along with：与某人相处，某事进展如何

6. She is______a musician than her brother.

A.much of
B.more of
C.much as
D.more as

A B C D

[解析] more of意为“更大程度上的……”，例如：He is more of a poet than a musician.与其说他是个音乐家还不如说他是个诗人。much of表示“了不起的，十分好的”。通常用于否定句或疑问句，例如：He isn't much of an actor．他不是什么了不起的演员。More as句型结构并不存在。much as表示“非常像，和……几乎一样。”例如：Plants need food，much as animals do．植物需要养料，几乎和动物一样。

7. Some stories bring a smile, because they ______ some officials who care nothing but their own position.

A.make sense of
B.poke fun at
C.give rise to
D.let go of

A B C D

make sense of：理解；poke fun at：嘲笑；give rise to：引起，导致；let go of：松开，放弃，扔掉

8. Malaria is an infectious parasitic disease that can be either acute or chronic and is frequently ______.

A.repeating
B.terminal
C.debilitating
D.recurrent

A B C D

A项repeating“重复的”；B项terminal“末期的”；C项debilitating“衰弱的”；D项recurrent“复发的”，根据题意，应选D。

9. A loan refers to anything given on condition of its return or repayment of its ______.

A.excess
B.debt
C.currency
D.equivalent

A B C D

A项excess“过度，剩余”；B项debt“债务”；C项currency“流通”；D项equivalent“等价物”。此题的意思是贷款的发放是以所欠货款的报酬为前提的，因此此题选B。

10. Although in her teens, the eldest daughter had to quit school to help ______ the family.

A.provide for
B.head for
C.fall for
D.go for

A B C D

provide for：养，赡养；head for：去……；fall for：喜爱；上……的当；go for：支持，喜欢，攻击

PART Ⅲ CLOZE
Many people invest in the stock market hoping to find the next Microsoft and Dell. However, I know from personal experience how difficult this really is. For more than a year, I was 1 hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars a day investing in the market. It seemed so easy, I dreamed of 2 my job at the end of the year, of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around the world. But these dreams came to a sudden and dramatic end when a stock I 3 , Texas cellular pone wholesaler, fell by more than 75 percent 4 a one year period. On the worst day, it plunged by more than $15 a share. There was a rumor the company was exaggerating sales figures. That was when I learned how quickly Wall Street punishes companies that misrepresent the 5
In a panic, I sold all my stock in the company, paying off margin debt with cash advances from my credit card. Because I owned so many shares, I 6 a small fortune, half of it from money I borrowed from the brokerage company. One month, I am a winner, the next, a loser. This one big loss was my first lesson in the market.
My father was a stockbroker, as was my grandfather 7 him.(In fact, he founded one of Chicago's earliest brokerage firms.) But like so many things in life, we don't learn anything until we experience it for ourselves. The only way to really understand the inner 8 of the stock market is to invest your own hard-earned money. When all your stocks are doing 9 and you feel like a winner, you learn very little. It's when all your stocks are losing and everyone is questioning your stock-picking 10 that you find out if you have what it takes to invest in the market.

A.after
B.before
C.for
D.and

A B C D

A.workings
B.innings
C.price
D.shares

A B C D

the inner workings of the stock market证券市场的内部运行情况，因此选A。

A.more
B.great
C.much
D.up

A B C D

much为副词，可用来修饰动词do；great是形容词，只作定语；more和up意思上不符合，故应选C项much。

A.facility
B.faculty
C.ability
D.power

A B C D

A项facility熟悉；设备。B项faculty天赋。C项ability才能，才干。D项power权力，力量。根据译文，C项最符合。

A.making
B.spending
C.selling
D.buying

A B C D

每天花数百有时甚至上千美元投资于证券市场。spend money(in)doing something“花钱做某事”。用make的话，构成make dollars“赚钱”，表达的意思就成了“靠投资于证券市场每天赚数百甚至上千美元”，意思也可以，但结构不对，后面应是by investing in the market，in不能省掉，故应选B项。

A.losing
B.retiring
C.getting
D.quitting

A B C D

quit one's job“辞职”，由后面的of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around the world也可看出作者是想主动辞职而非被动失去工作、退休或者找工作。 lose one's job“失去工作(被动)”；retire“退休”；get one's job“找工作”。

A.owned
B.owed
C.rented
D.sold

A B C D

由上下文可以看出，作者拥有的Texas cellular pone wholesaler。股票大贬值。own“拥有”；owe“欠(债务等)”；rent“租借”；sell“出售”。

A.over
B.by
C.from
D.with

A B C D

over a one-year period在短短一年之间。注意还有另外一种表达方式：over a period of a one year，表达的含义相同。

A.trade
B.truth
C.lie
D.lies

A B C D

misrepresent是“不如实说明”的意思。

10.

A.won
B.lost
C.gained
D.found

A B C D

PART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSION
Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest of insights. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all.
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than get a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.

1. Which of the following assumptions about early humans is expressed in the passage?

A.They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.
B.They thought there was no need to cultivate crops.
C.They did not enjoy the study of botany.
D.They placed great importance on the ownership of property.

A B C D

[解析] 本题提问的具体细节是哪一种假设符合早期人类对植物属性的认识。文章的第一段第三句话对这个细节做出了解释。由此可得出下列假设：早期人类可能有着广泛的植物知识。A项符合原文的意思。

2. What does the comment" this is logical "in line 5 mean?

A.There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor's knowledge of plants.
B.It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.
C.It is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved very much like people in pre-industrial societies.
D.Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.

A B C D

[解析] 联系上下文，寻找该代词先行词，this指前面的一句话：“人们对于植物及其属性情况的了解很早就开始了”是合乎逻辑的，故正确答案是B。

3. In line 17, what is the author's purpose in mentioning "a rose, an apple, or an orchid"?

A.To make the passage more poetic.
B.To cite examples of plants that are attractive.
C.To give botanical examples that all readers will recognize.
D.To illustrate the diversity of botanical life.

A B C D

[解析] 作者列举三种植物的目的在下文已做出解释，旨在论证人们对植物及其属性的了解是无意识的一种认识，故正确答案是C。

4. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?

A.The invention of agricultural implements and machinery.
B.The development of a system of names for plants.
C.The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.
D.The changing diets of early humans.

A B C D

[解析] 该题为细节题，提问的具体细节是人类迈向农业的第一步是什么，文章的第二段第三句话对这个细节作了解释，据此判定，正确答案为C：发现植物能被收获并再次耕种，是人类迈向农业的第一步。A、B、D项所述的内容则与原文不符。

5. The relationship between botany and agriculture is similar to the relationship between zoology (the study of animals) and______.

A.deer hunting
B.bird watching
C.sheep raising
D.horseback riding

A B C D

[解析] 求解本题的关键在于搞清植物学与农业的关系，然后从四个答案中找出与之相似的一对关系。植物学是对植物进行的学术研究；农业则是对植物的实际人工利用，人经过自己的劳动，生产出植物作为食物，并使之造福于人类。根据这种关系，动物学是对动物的研究。比较四个选择答案，只有C项sheep raising(养羊)可与之相配。因为养羊是对动物的一种实际人工利用。

6. Why do tribes living in the jungles of the Amazon recognize so many plants?

A.Because plants have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, especially to those ancient tribes.
B.Because their memory are very excellent.
C.Because there are many plants growing in the Amazon.
D.Because they recognize it as a special branch of knowledge.

A B C D

[解析] 从第一段最后几句可以看出，亚马逊河流域古老部落的成员能辨别大量的植物主要是因为植物对他们的生活很重要，能给他们提供食物、服装、武器、住所等。因此，四个选项中只有A符合题意。

President Bill Clinton is being squeezed on the issue of gays in the military. Gays demand that he lift the ban on them. But the generals and admirals say, please, spare us this massive migraine.
If Clinton wants maximum effectiveness from the military, he'll try to squirm out of his political promise to end the ban. He can't soothe both sides on this issue. If he keeps his word, he'll anger the military and a large segment of America. If he breaks his promise, he'll anger gays and their Hollywood supporters, who gave him votes and money last year.
Were I asked to cast a tie-breaking vote; it would be for the military. They know more about what it takes to win wars than Barbra. Streisand or the Gay and Lesbian Alliance.
And if the Pentagon had done a better job of arguing its case, the vast majority of Americans would agree. Instead, gays have skillfully used the media to argue that the military ban is nothing more than discrimination. Those who disagree are called gay-bashers.
"We're caught in a propaganda war being waged by the media and gay lobbyists," Lt. Col. Robert Maginnis recently wrote," Most media members who advocate lifting the ban never served in the military. They don't understand the lack of privacy and forced intimacy in the barracks."
He's right. Military life is unique. The civilian job closest to soldiering is being a cop. There are gay cops, and that's okay. But as a cop, you work your shift and go home. You don't live on a ship with another cop 24 hours a day. You don't shower and sleep near him for months at a time.
And since we're talking about sex-specifically a form of sex that most Americans consider morally wrong-anybody who says that it won't affect morale and discipline in the military has never been in a barracks or on a crowded troopship.
Yes, there are polls that tell us that more than 40 percent of Americans think the gay ban should be lifted. These polls are about as meaningful as those that say ten percent of Americans believe Elvis lives. A poll limited to those in the military and those who have served would show that an overwhelming majority would be against lifting the ban.
They know that most who volunteer to serve in our military have conservative, middle-class, God-country-family values. It's conformist organization from haircut to stockings. And it places less value on individual rights than on the unit as a whole. It has its own laws and justice system, which by civilian standards would be considered authoritarian. Maybe you don't want to live that way, but if we are going to fight wars, it works.
If gays are accepted by the military, they will demand change. Some activists will probably push for a gay quota at West Point.
There's nothing wrong with change if it has a positive purpose. This doesn't. We're not talking about patriotism, love of country, sacrifice. Gay obsessive-not to be confused with ordinary people who happen to be gay-have an agenda: total social acceptance. And they are using the military ban as a blue chip in their poker game.
A gay Washington lawyer summed it up when he told the New York Times: "Any instruments that defer or delegate this issue to the military are inherently suspect."
Hey, lawyer, this country's military has won many more battles than it has lost. When it comes to fighting, Gen. Colin Powell's views are less suspect than those of a Washington lawyer who hasn't spent one minute in combat. From ousting Saddam from Kuwait to helping Somalia, our military has been effective. As the saying goes, if it isn't broke, don't fix it.

7. Generals and admirals______.

A.suggested the ban on the gays in the military be lifted
B.asked the ban on gays be kept
C.found no gays in their troops
D.asked the gays in the military quit out of the army

A B C D

[解析] 从第二段可知，如果克林顿想要得到军方的帮助，他就不会信守要废除这项禁令的政治性承诺，故B项为正确答案。

8. The author holds that ban on gays in the military______.

A.is discrimination
B.is a gender discrimination
C.is racial
D.is not discrimination at all

A B C D

[解析] 从文中第三、四段可知作者坚持认为对军营同性恋的禁令是对他们的歧视，故选A项。

9. Military life is different from the cops in that______.

A.soldiers are unmarried
B.soldiers work their shifts and cops not
C.soldiers have to live together all the time
D.soldiers have to work 24 hours a day

A B C D

[解析] 从文中第六段可知，同性恋者警察能够被接受，他们不用长期住在一起，因此可知C项为正确答案。

10. Gay obsessive purpose is______.

A.to join the army
B.to make the society totally accept them
C.to get admission to West Point
D.to use military ban as a blue chip in their poker game

A B C D

[解析] 从文中倒数第四段可知，同性恋者希望社会能够接受他们。故选B项。

11. In the author's opinion,

A.American military has been effective
B.American military demands change
C.American military is inherently suspect
D.American military should be fixed

A B C D

[解析] 作者认为美国的军队是一个高效的军队，因此选A项。

12. The phrase of "if it isn't broke, don't fix it" in the last paragraph refers to______.

A.telling someone to leave things as they are
B.telling someone to be careful
C.telling someone to stay calm and not to overreact
D.encouraging someone who is hesitant

A B C D

[解析] If it isn't broke，don't fix it这个习语的字面意思是“东西还没坏，就别急着去修它”，实际上是劝某人不要破坏现状。因此，正确选项为A。其他三项不合题意，B项意为告诫某人做事要小心；C项意为请对方保持冷静，勿做出过激反应；D项意为当某人犹豫不决时给予鼓励。

Nose has it pretty hard, Boxers flatten them. Doctors rearrange them. People make jokes about their unflattering characteristics. Worst of all, when it comes to smell, no one really understands them.
Despite the nose's conspicuous presence, its workings are subtle. Smell, or olfaction, is a chemo-sense, relying on specialized interactions between chemicals and nerve endings. When a rose, for example, is sniffed, odor molecules are carried by the rising air-stream to the top of the nasal cavity, just behind the bridge of the nose, where the tips of the tends of millions of olfactory nerve cells are clustered in the mucous lining. The molecules somehow trigger the nerve ending, white carry the message to the olfactory lobes of the brain. Because smell information then travels to other region of the brain, the scent of a rose can elicit not only a pleasure sensation but emotions and memories as well.
Though just how odors stimulate the nerves is unknown, scientists do know that our sense of smell is surprisingly keen capable of distinguishing up to tens of thousands of chemical odors. The laboratory task of isolating the components must of an odor is far from simple .Tobacco smoke, for example, is made up of several thousand different chemicals. Moreover smell by their sources or associations. Description such as "like a wet dog" or "like my elementary school" may convey perceptions but are vastly inadequate for labeling the chemistry involved.
To further complicate research, olfaction is connected to other sensations. Besides olfactory nerves, the nasal cavity contains pain-sensitive nerves that perceive sensations such as the kick in ammonia or the burning in chili peppers. Smell also inter-wines with taste to create flavor. A coffee drinker holding his nose while sipping would taste only the bitter in his brew, for taste receptors generally appear limited to bitter, salty, sour, and sweet. The sense of smell is ten thousand times more sensitive than taste and makes subtle distinctions among lemon, chocolate, and many more flavors.
So how does the nose manage this sophisticated discrimination? Lack of evidence hasn't kept scientists from speculating. One idea is that every odor molecule vibrates at its own frequency, creating patterns of disturbance in the air similar to the wave patterns produced by sound. According to this theory, the nerves act as receives for the unique vibrations of every odor molecule. The scheme requires no direct contact between the molecule and the nerve cell.
Another suggestion is that primary odors, equivalent to the primary colors of vision, underlie all smells and are detected by receptor sites on the olfactory nerves. Different combinations of about thirty basic smells, with labels such as malty, minty, and musky, could form an infinite number of odors.
Other scientists think that each smell is its own primary smell. They believe the olfactory nerve endings have specific receptor proteins that bind to each of the chemicals people can sense. This theory, however, calls for thousands of different proteins-none of which has been found.
"The science of smell is so empirical," says Robert Gesteland, a neurobiologist at Northwestern University, "there is no predictive base for experiments." Unlike the senses of sight, touch, and hearing, olfaction studies have attracted only a small share of scientific interest. That may change. Researchers hope that unraveling the mystery of smell will advance our understanding of the future, with enough known about smell, it might be possible to endow strange, unappealing but nutritious foods with more familiar odors, perhaps expanding the world's food supply. For the moment, however, what the nose knows it isn't revealing.

13. We may conclude from this passage that______.

A.our sense of smell is as important as any of our other senses
B.each smell is its own primary smell
C.olfactory study has become a major research area
D.there is much more to be learned about the nose

A B C D

[解析] 纵观全文，作者始终围绕了解nose的问题进行讨论，文中最后一段也指出，研究nose应建立在观察和经验的基础之上，而不是建立在实验的基础之上。故D项为正确答案。

14. Which of the following sentences from the passage illustrates the need for further research?

A.Smell also inter-wines with taste to create flavor.
B.The molecules somehow trigger the nerve endings, which carry the message to the olfactory lobes of the brain.
C.The science of smell is so empirical, there is to predictive base for experiments.
D.Smell or olfaction is a chemo-sense, relying on specialized interactions between chemicals and nerve endings.

A B C D

[解析] 从文中第二段可推知，分子是如何刺激神经末梢的应是需要进一步研究的问题。故选B项。

15. The author attempts to lighten this serous biological report by means of______.

A.the incongruity of widespread smell research
B.similes such as "like a wet dog"
C.the opening and closing statements
D.the confession of our basic ignorance

A B C D

[解析] 文章的开头句和结尾句为这篇严肃的文章加上了轻松的色彩。因此选C项。

16. The comparison of a smell to a person's elementary school was made in order to______.

A.illustrate a unique perception
B.show how imagery may be employed in a lab situation
C.point out the useless of such a description to scientists
D.personalize a complicated topic

A B C D

[解析] “像我的小学一样”很可能是说话者的意思，但一般不易理解，所以选C项。

17. The broadest example of a major problem facing smell researchers is contained in______.

A.the reference to tobacco smoke
B.the reference to the rose
C.the coffee drinker's experience
D.Robert Gesteland's statement

A B C D

[解析] 从文中最后一段可知，这是Robert Gesteland的看法。

Cyber crime is likely to bring about as much destruction as the credit crisis in the coming years if international regulation is not improved, some of the world's top crime experts said. Damage caused by cyber crime is estimated at $100 billion annually, said Kilian Strauss, of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)."These criminals outsmart us ten, or a hundred to one," Strauss told Reuters, adding more Internet experts were needed to investigate and tackle cyber crime.
Criminal organizations are exploiting a regulatory vacuum to commit Internet crimes such as computer spying, money-laundering and theft of personal information, and the scope for damage is vast, experts told a European Economic Crime conference in Frankfurt. "We need multilateral understanding, account and oversight to avoid, in the years to come, a cyber crisis equivalent to the current financial crisis," Antonio Maria Costa, Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, said.
Internet crime is also a threat to national security, they said. Several countries, including the United States, have voiced concern over some hackers' abilities to electronically spy on them and disrupt computer networks.
Calls for greater regulation of the Internet come at a time of regulatory renaissance, with policymakers looking to support the powers of financial sector watchdogs in the wake of the global financial crisis. "Because of the transnational nature of identity-related crime, and especially of cyber-crime, if we do not tackle the crime everywhere we will not solve it anywhere," Costa said.
The President of Interpol, Khoo Boon Hui, said increasingly highly technological gangs from Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa were coming up with ever more sophisticated ways of swindling money from vulnerable people. He also said there was a trend of company bosses being bribed by fraudsters claiming to have guilty evidence about their firms.
Strauss, who works as Senior Program Officer at the Office of the Coordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental activities, said Internet crime watchdogs could learn a lot from criminals willing to switch sides.

18. The main idea of the passage is that ______.

A.cyber crime is as destructive as the credit crisis in the coming years
B.damage caused by cyber-crime is very serious and will get worse
C.to fight cyber crime requires enhanced international regulation
D.international organizations should be established to crush cyber-crime

A B C D

19. According to Kilian Strauss,______.

A.cyber criminals are 10 or 100 times smarter than Internet experts
B.Internet experts are 10 or 100 times smarter than cyber criminals
C.as cyber criminals are very smart, more experts am needed to light against them
D.the investigation of the cyber crime takes time and money

A B C D

20. Criminal organizations can commit internet crimes because ______.

A.there is no effective regulation
B.they can exploit the present regulations
C.no country has paid enough attention to them
D.the current financial crisis has put the authorities at a loss

A B C D

21. To win the war against cyber crime,______.

A.policymakers should support their governments financially
B.each country should solve its own problems effectively
C.United States should play a very important role
D.international cooperation is crucial

A B C D

22. The underlined word swindling (in the 5_th paragraph) is closest in meaning to "______".

A.bribing
B.cheating
C.corrupting
D.robbing

A B C D

23. Straus believes that ______.

A.Internet security experts can learn a lot from cyber criminals
B.if cyber criminals will cooperate with the police, they can be helpful
C.Internet crime watchdogs will make cyber criminals shift grounds
D.international organizations can solve the problems of cyber crime

A B C D

switch sides：改换门庭。

The immediate response to the birth of dolly, the sheep, was a revulsion against the idea of using the same technique to clone human beings. But the news had just the opposite effect on an eccentric scientist named Richard Seed, who declared with an eerie bravado that he was going to produce "half-a-dozen bouncing-baby, happy, smiling clones" before the end of the decade.
Most scientists dismissed his plan as kooky; several U.S. states and 19 European countries outlawed it. But a year later, Seed insists that he is undeterred. He claims to have a partner, an obstetrician-gynecologist, but he won't name him or the three other scientists who he says make up his team. When pressed, he concedes that his colleagues are currently spending no more than 10 hours a week on the project. After all, they have day jobs.
Not so Seed. The unemployed physicist, who has spent a lifetime dabbing in ill-fated ventures, is tying to build support and raise money; he claims to have commitments for $800 000. An impressive start, if true, but still far from the $2.5 million he says is necessary to clone the first human before 2000.
While virtually no mainstream scientist believes Seed will succeed, there has been a subtle shift in attitudes since the bearded, big-boned maverick limed into view. Seed put into words what many scientists were thinking, and few were surprised to learn last month that a team in South Korea had begun work on human cloning and even claimed to have produced a four-cell human embryo.
Seed is unconvinced. "The [Korean] results are highly suspect," he says. But he recognizes that the world is not waiting for him. "I'll be devastated if someone else does it first," he says. "But I'll get over it. I'd rather see somebody do it than nobody." That way, at least, Seed could pursue his next project-reprogramming DNA to achieve immortality—which he sees as the all-important successor to cloning. So here's a conundrum: which would be stranger, a world full of Richard Seeds, or a world in which Seed never goes away?

24. The birth of Dolly aroused the idea of ______.

A.cloning more sheep
B.cloning human beings
C.killing the sheep
D.cloning cattle

A B C D

依据第一段第一句“…using the same technique to clone human beings”，很容易看出选项B中所述符合文章意思。因此答案为B。

25. Seed declared that he was going to produce baby clones ______.

A.in ten years
B.before the year of 2000
C.after ten years
D.in a dozen of years

A B C D

文章第三段末“to clone the first human before 2000”，是两千年之前。显然正确答案是B。

26. According to seed, he has ______ scientists working with him.

A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four

A B C D

依据文章第二段“but he won't name him or the three other scientists who he says make up his team.”主人公的合作者总共是四个人。故答案为D。

27. Seed is a physicist, which means that he studies ______.

A.human body
B.medicine
C.surgery
D.physics

A B C D

根据词形变化，可由physicist推出physics，显然四个选项中D是符合题意的。

28. To finish his plan of cloning the human, Seed still needs ______ more money.

A.$800000
B.$2.5 million
C.$1.7 million
D.$3.3 million

A B C D

从文章第三段可以看出，用$2.5 million减去$800000可得$1.7 million。因此正确答案是C。

For much of its history, psychology has seemed obsessed with human failings and pathology. The very idea of psychotherapy, first formalized by Freud, rests on a view of human beings as troubled creatures in need of repair. Freud himself was profoundly pessimistic about human nature, which he felt was governed by deep, dark drives that we could hardly control. The scientists who followed developed a model of human life that seemed to many mechanical if not robotic: humans were passive beings harshly shaped by the stimuli and the rewards and punishments that surrounded them.
After World War Ⅱ, psychologists tried to explain how so many ordinary citizens could have agreed with fascism, and did work symbolized in the 1950 classic The Authoritarian Personality by T.W. Adorno, et al. Social psychologists followed on. Some of the most famous experiments proved that normal folk could become coldly insensitive to suffering when obeying "legitimate" orders or cruelly aggressive when playing the role of prison guard.
A watershed moment arrived in 1998, when University of Pennsylvania psychologist Martin Seligman, in his presidential address to the American Psychological Association, urged psychology to "turn toward understanding and building the human strengths to complement our emphasis on healing damage." That speech launched today's positive psychology movement.
Though not denying humanity's flaws, the new positive psychologists recommend focusing on people's strengths and virtues as a point of departure. Rather than analyze the psychopathology underlying alcoholism, for example, positive psychologists might study the toughness of those who have managed a successful recovery--for example, through organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous. Instead of viewing religion as a delusion and a support, as did Freud, they might identify the mechanisms through which a spiritual practice like meditation enhances mental and physical health. Their lab experiments might seek to define not the conditions that induce wicked behavior, but those that foster generosity, courage, creativity, and laughter.
Seligman's idea quickly caught on. The Gallup Organization founded the Gallup Positive Psychology Institute to sponsor scholarly work in the field. In 1999, 60 scholars gathered for the first Gallup Positive Psychology Summit; two years later, the conference went international, and ever since has drawn about 400 attendees annually.

29. Psychotherapy is based on the idea that human beings ______.

A.are suffering
B.often lie
C.are eager to control each other
D.can effectively control themselves

A B C D

30. According to Freud, human nature ______.

A.was positive on the whole
B.was controlled by secret desires
C.was inclined to control other people
D.was becoming worse and worse

A B C D

31. The research discussed in the second paragraph showed that ______.

A.compassion was essential to human nature
B.fascism had brought disasters to human nature
C.suffering could not change human nature
D.man could be harsh by nature

A B C D

32. What does the passage say about positive psychology?

A.It stresses that human nature is perfect.
B.It rejects the role of religion.
C.It began in 1998.
D.It began in 1950.

A B C D

33. What may be an example of "wicked behavior"(Para. 4)?

A.Making a toy.
B.Giving money to the poor.
C.Drinking without control.
D.Believing in a religion.

A B C D

34. What does the passage say about Martin Seligman?

A.His idea was hard for many people to understand.
B.He stressed the role of good human qualities.
C.He founded the Gallup Organization.
D.His idea caused a lot of controversy.

A B C D

PART Ⅴ TRANSLATION

1. Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
As the world is in transition, so the English language is itself taking new forms. This, of course, has always been true: English has changed substantially in the 1,500 years or so of its use, reflecting patterns of contact with other languages and the changing communication needs of people. But in many parts of the world, as English is taken into the fabric of social life, it acquires a momentum and vitality of its own, developing in ways which reflect local culture and languages, while diverging increasingly from the kind of English spoken in Britain or North America.

由于世界正处于转型时期，因此英语本身也出现了新形式。在人们使用英语的1500年左右的时间里，英语经历了实质性变化，反映出英语和其他语言之间联系形式的变化，以及人们不断变化的交际需求，这些当然都是勿庸置疑的。然而，目前在世界许多地区，随着英语融入社会生活，成为社会结构的一部分，这一语言拥有了自己的发展动力和生命力，其发展体现了当地文化和语言的影响，而与英国人、北美人所说的英语相差越来越大。

2. Directions: Put the ,following paragraph into English.
考试在学习过程中发挥另外一个重要作用一一考试证明学习者在一种语言中是否熟练。通过语言考试远不止是激励了自己在语言方面的自尊。如果你想到英语国家去念大学，或者想找一份需要英语技能的工作，通过语言考试就至关重要。

Exams play another important role in the learning process--they provide proof that whether a learner is proficient in the language. Passing an exam does far more than just boost your linguistic self-esteem; it is vital if you want to be enrolled in a college or university in an English-speaking country, or if you want to find a job which requires English language skills.

PART Ⅵ WRITING

1. 1. Man is beginning to realize the importance of environment protection.
2. There are many problems concerning environment at the present: destruction of forests, air pollution, water pollution, etc.
3. Man must protect the natural environment.

Man and Nature
In recent years we have become increasingly conscious of our duty towards the environment． People have begun to realize that just because we are so dependent on natural resources，we must learn to conserve them，so that they will still be available for future generation．
In modern times，man has exploited the earth to an alarming degree with the effect that he is in danger of destroying the very environment that gives him life．An example of over exploitation is the destruction of forest reserves，which play a vital part in the ecology of the earth．Not only are our forests in danger，but also as a result of industrialization，sea and river have become polluted, and this is causing the fish in them to be poisoned and drinking water to be contaminated. Pollution of the atmosphere with the gases is not only affecting the quality of the air we breathe, but may also resulting in raising the temperature of the earth to the dangerous level.
In view of the seriousness of this problem, people are starting to take measures. They are now getting to know that it is man's responsibility to conserve nature in order to ensure his own survival and well-being.