Section A Directions:In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
B.She is waiting to see if she could get the job from Cole's.
C.She is expecting to see if Cole would lend her some cash.
D.She has no idea about whether she can afford the university tuition.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: You didn't seem to be able to sit still for class． Are you expecting something? W：Yes．I'm expecting a call to see if I was accepted for the position at Cole's．I could do with the cash． Q：What does the woman mean?
[解析] M：You must have been overwhelmed with the noise at the party． W：Worse than that．We have a new painting hanging over the fireplace，and one boy spilt his juice all over the rug when he was walking over the fireplace to look at the picture． Q：What happened at the party?
[解析] M：I can't touch anything sweet．It's my teeth． W：Speaking of your teeth，why don't you see a dentist? If I were you，I'd do something about it right away．I suggest you visit the college's dentist first． Q：What is the woman's advice to the man?
C.They went to the street corner at different times.
D.The man went to the concert, but the woman didn't.
A B C D
B
[解析] W：Tom，where were you yesterday evening? I expected to see you at the concert． M：Oh，I waited for you at the corner of your street．Then I looked for you at your flat，but the housekeeper said you were out． Q：Why didn't they meet that evening?
D.She should ask for more money from the loan office.
A B C D
C
[解析] W：I can't believe I have almost spent all $4，000 of my student loan:．That money was supposed to last me all year． M：Maybe you should start living within your means， like you've been told time and time again． W：What does the man suggest?
[解析] W：You must have enjoyed using your new camera on your trip． M：I would have，but after buying a new camera especially for that trip，I left it in the car with my friend who drove me to the airport． Q：What did the man say about his camera?
[解析] W：Everyone seems to be on a diet．Have you noticed that? M：Yes，a neighbor of mine is on a banana diet．She eats one banana for breakfast，one for lunch， and two for dinner，vet she doesn't look any thinner． Q：What did we learn about the man's neighbor?
[解析] 观点态度题。男士举了他的一个邻居吃香蕉减肥的例子，先用并列句详细描述邻居节食的情况，后面语气一转，说yet she doesn't look any thinner。对男士邻居情况描述正确的是[A]“她的节食没有效果”。男士用的句式本身含有嘲弄的语气。男士邻居吃香蕉是在节食减肥，不能说明她喜欢吃香蕉。
8.
A.Find a quiet place to study.
B.Change the conditions of his room.
C.Find a more comfortable place to study.
D.Avoid distractions while studying in his room.
A B C D
A
[解析] M：You know，I've studying regularly，but I'm still not doing well in my history class． W：Maybe instead of studying in your room，you should seat yourself in a place that has fewer distractions． Q：What does the woman advice the man to do?
[解析] M：What a waste of money just for a new Arts Center! Why couldn't the money be spent on some- thing more important? W：Nonsense．Nothing is more important than the art． Q：What can we learn from the conversation?
A.The election issue might need to be addressed immediately.
B.Elections may need to be postponed, since only five have agreed to run.
C.They should wait for more nominations before calling a meeting.
D.Put a stop to any more nominations until they have a meeting.
A B C D
A
[解析] W：I think we should set a definite date for student union reelections．So far，five people have planned to run in it ． M：If it were less than three，I'd say we keep waiting for more nominations．But with that many already planning to run for president，I guess we'd better call a meeting． Q：What does the man suggest?
[解析] 观点态度题。男士的回答中，“But with that many already planning to run for president，I guess we'd better call a meeting.”是这个对话中的关键点。[A]符合此意。选项[B]的内容与原文正好相反。[C]认为应该等待更多的竞选者，但实际上已经有足够多的竞选者。[D]认为在开会之前停止提名，对话并未涉及。
Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A] , [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
C.One that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems.
D.One that enables a person ready for any sudden demand made by work.
A B C D
C
[解析] 11-13 Jogging has become the most popular individual sport in America. It has become very usual to. see people of all ages running along city streets, in parks and along special jogger's trails that have been built in some cities. Many theories have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick, and efficient way to maintain physical fitness. The most useful sort of exercise is an exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. One can train more specifically, but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth noting that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease, the number one cause of death in America. Only one sort of equipment is needed--a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to try to run in tennis shoes. No other special equipment is needed. You can jog in any clothing you desire, even your street clothes. Many joggers wear expensive warm-up suits, but just as many wear a simple pair of gym shorts and a T-shirt. 11．What is the most useful kind of exercise mentioned in the passage?
B.A discussion of jogging as a physical fitness program.
C.A description of the type of clothing needed for jogging.
D.Providing scientific evidence of the benefits of jogging.
A B C D
B
[解析] What is the passage mainly about?
[解析] 主旨题。原文首句听到Jogging has become the most popular individual sport in America．表明慢跑在美国是很受欢迎的个人运动。后来又听到The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap， quick，and efficient way to maintain physical fit- ness．即事实上慢跑是一种花费少、见效快、效率高的保持身体健康的方法，选项[B]符合题意。
Passage Two Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
B.They can be used to express all kinds of feelings.
C.They can be used to deliver all the messages in our life.
D.They can be used to convey our most important messages to people.
A B C D
D
[解析] 14-16 The most important message that humans deliver to one another often comes in just three words. Think of "I love you" or "There's no charge". One of the phrases that I found most useful is this, "I'll be there". "I'll be there", and if you ever have to call a plumber over a weekend you know how good these words can feel. If you heard them after having a car trouble on the road and used a last coin to call a friend, you know the feeling too. "Grandma, I'm graduating in June." "I'll be there." "Fanny, I'm stuck in the office and can't get to the airport to meet my sister." "I'll be there." "Mum, the baby cries all night, and if I don't get some sleep I will perish." "I'll be there." One person who really knows how to be there is Elizabeth, the queen mother of England. During the air attack on London in 1940, she was asked whether the little princesses Elizabeth and Margaret Rose would leave London for their safety. The Queen replied "The children would not leave unless I do. I shall not leave unless their father does." The Queen would not leave the country at any circumstances whatever. "I'll be there." Another three-word phrase is one of the hardest to learn to say. It's "Maybe you're right". If more people would say "Maybe you're right" the marriage conciliators would go out of business. I know from experience it can have a charming effect in an argument. 14．What does the speaker say about．the three-word phrases?
[解析] 细节题。题干问说话者如何评价三个词的短语。发言者第一句话就表明了态度：The most important message that humans deliver to one another often comes in just three words。答案是 [D]。
2.
A.Dismayed.
B.Relieved.
C.Disappointed.
D.Frustrated.
A B C D
B
[解析] How do people feel when they hear“I'll be there"?
[解析] 推理题。题干问当人们听到I'll be there时心中是怎么样的感觉。说话者列举了人们听到这个短语的多个场景，总结起来，你有困难向人求助时，对方说这样的话表示他们会赶来帮忙，所以听者的感觉应该是[B] Relieved"放心的”。
3.
A.It helps to avoid conflict.
B.It stops any kind of argument.
C.It helps people get their own way.
D.It improves the business of the marriage counselors.
A.American literature was slow to reflect the war.
B.The war was hardly reflected in American literature.
C.The war was rapidly reflected in American literature.
D.Hemingway was the only author to write about the war.
A B C D
A
[解析] 17-20 Although important events often reflect themselves quickly in literature of a country, the effect of World War I on American writing was delayed. The war promptly produced some mediocre prose and poetry, but distinguished work mainly in the form of novels appeared only some years later. The best came from Ernest Hemingway. He had already written some very good short stories and one first-class novel, The Sun Also Rises. But he did not publish a novel fully involved with the war until 1929. It proved worth waiting for. The onset of the Great Depression, on the other hand, was rapidly mirrored in American literature, especially in novels, and during the ten years after the Depression started, much writing dealt with it. One of the best of these novels was John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath. But the arrival of the Depression little affected Hemingway's attitudes. During the 1930s, he continued to publish novels and short stories. They dealt with a variety of subjects but customarily revealed his high view of courage. The brave did not always survive in his fiction but they lived their lives to the fullest. It was not until the late 1930s that reference to the Depression crept into Hemingway's writing and, even then, its influence was indirect. 17. What does the passage say about the effect of world War I on American literature?
[解析] 细节题。题干问一战对美国文学的影响，在录音材料中听到首句the effect of World War I on American writing was delayed，选项[A]符合题意，slow 是 delay的同义转述。
2.
A.He was not affected at all.
B.He didn't publish stories during the Great Depression.
C.It had little and indirect influence on Hemingway's writing.
D.He was greatly affected and wrote some first class works dealing with it.
A B C D
C
[解析] How did the Great Depression affect Hemingway's writing?
[解析] 细节题。题干问经济大萧条对海明威作品的影响，录音材料中我们听到But the arrival of the Depression little affected Hemingway's attitudes，后面还可听到It was not until the late 1930s that reference to the Depression crept into Hemingway's writing and，even then，its influence was indirect，可见选项[C]符合题意。
3.
A.A certain poet.
B.Hemingway.
C.John Steinbeck.
D.The passage didn't mention.
A B C D
B
[解析] Who wrote the best novels dealing with World War I?
[解析] 细节题。题干问有关一战的最好的小说是谁写的，在听力录音开始不久说一战对海明威的影响是缓慢的(was delayed)，但多年以后还是现了好作品(distinguished work)，并说The best came from Ernest Hemingway，选项[B]符合题意。
4.
A.World War I and literature.
B.A history of American literature.
C.The great works of Hemingway and. John Steinbeck.
D.The effects of World War I and the Great Depression on American literature.
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a. single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Passage One Road courtesy is not only good manners, but good sense, too. It takes the most level-head- ed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to get their revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little courtesy goes a long way towards relieving the tensions and frustrations of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of good will and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of courtesy are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize courtesy when they see it. Contrary to general opinion, young drivers (especially sports-car owners, who take pride in their driving) have better manners than their seniors. But this attitude is short-lived in the world of modern driving where many drivers neither expect nor give any quarter. This may be a commendable trait on the battlefield but is out of place on the roads. Lorry drivers say they have almost abandoned the practice of signaling cars to overtake when the road is clear, because many of the cars took too long to pass. Their drivers couldn't be bothered to select a lower gear. Others, after overtaking, slowed down again and hogged (多占) the road. Again, a motoring magazine has recently drawn attention to the increasing number of drivers who never wait for gaps. "They manufacture them by force, using their direction indicators as a threat rather than a warning." Slanging-matches(互相谩骂)and even punch-ups are quite common. It can't be long before we hear of pistols and knives being used: we can then call our dual carriageways duel carriageways, and solve a spelling problem in the process. Driving is essentially a state of mind. However technically skilled a driver may be, he can't be an advanced motorist if he is always arrogant and aggressive. Ironically, misplaced courtesy can also be dangerous and selfish. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a lone car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a pedestrian crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and when-ever they care to. It always amazes me that the highways are not littered with the corpses of these grannies.
Passage Two The most important step in developing an effective campaign, and the step which must come before all others, is to define the objectives of the campaign with greatest possible clarity. Does the company wish to attract new investors? Does it seek to acquire a company abroad? Is a new product to be introduced? Are new government regulations threatening the company's profitability? Only after the fundamental needs of a corporation have been established can the basic objective for a corporate program be isolated; without such a clearly defined objective the campaign will have little effect. Note that we have spoken of "an objective," not a set of objectives. One cannot create a favorable climate among the financial community, emphasize one's concern for the environment, seek to attract new employees by the creation of a progressive image, give direct support to sales staff, and emphasize social responsibility, all in a single campaign. A scattering of diverse messages will confuse the reader and in the end he will absorb nothing. After the prime reason for investment in the campaign has been decided upon, the second step is to collect all the information that one wishes to convey to the selected audiences. Since there is only objective for the campaign, one assumes that the audience has already been clearly identified during the selection of the objective. The third step involves the selection of the best possible media to be used in the campaign. It is alarming how many advertising experts first create the campaign and then select the media. The print media are quite distinct from such media as radio and television in their advertising capabilities. Even within the print media there are critical differences in style and approach which must be noted by anyone designing an advertisement for printing in a newspaper as op- posed to a magazine. Magazine advertising in turn is not one unified field, for there are many different types of magazines and journals directed to entirely different audiences. The fourth and last step is to find a suitable creative approach. If the objective is to develop a receptive climate among the financial community, for example, it would be a mistake to work with too much illustration and too few detailed data, too many clever words and too few facts and figures. In a campaign aimed at fixing in the consciousness of the general public an image of the company as a progressive and innovative leader in its field, on the other hand, it might be appropriate to emphasize dramatic illustrations and not take the chance of boring the audience with facts.
1. According to the author, the most important step in developing an effective campaign is______.
4. What does the author imply by saying "too much illustration and too few detailed data" (Para. 6)?
A.Explain too much with no figures and facts.
B.Emphasize the details without illustration.
C.Explain nothing about the objectives.
D.Illustrate too few detailed data.
A B C D
A
[解析] 推理判断题。原文第六段中的 too many clever words (≈ illustration)and too few facts and figures (data) 解释了“too much illustration and too few facts and figures”的意思，即解释太多，而没有足够的数据和统计数字。要推断这个答案要对照后面的句子，往往后面的句子就是对这个词汇或短语的再次解释。
Passage Three The period of adolescence, i.e., the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on social expectations and on society's definition as to what constitutes maturity and adulthood. In primitive societies adolescence is frequently a relatively short period of time, while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second decade of one's life. Furthermore, the length of the adolescent period and the definition of adulthood status may change in a given society as social and economic conditions change. Examples of this type of change are the disappearance of the frontier in the latter part of the nineteenth century in the United States, and more universally, the industrialization of an agricultural society. In modern society, ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance and there no longer is agreement as to what constitutes initiation ceremonies. Social ones have been replaced by a sequence of steps that lead to increased recognition and social status. For example, grade school graduation, high school graduation and college graduation constitute such a sequence, and while each step implies certain behavioral changes and social recognition, the significance of each depends on the socio-economic status and the educational ambition of the individual. Ceremonies for adolescence have also been replaced by legal definitions of status roles, rights, privileges and responsibilities. It is during the nine years from the twelfth birthday to the twenty-first that the protective and restrictive aspects of childhood and minor status are removed and adult privileges and responsibilities are granted. The twelve- year-old is no longer considered a child and has to pay full fare for train, airplane, theater and movie tickets. Basically, the individual at this age loses childhood privileges without gaining significant adult rights. At the age of sixteen the adolescent is granted certain adult rights which increases his social status by providing him with more freedom and choices. He now can obtain a driver's license; he can leave public schools; and he can work without the restrictions of child labor laws. At the age of eighteen the law provides adult responsibilities as well as rights; the young man can now be a soldier, but he also can marry without parental permission. At the age of twenty-one the individual obtains his full legal rights as an adult. He now can vote, he can buy liquor, he can enter into financial contracts, and he is entitled to run for public office. No additional basic rights are acquired as a function of age after majority status has been attained. None of these legal provisions determine at what point adulthood has been reached but they do point to the prolonged period of adolescence.
1. The period of adolescence is much longer in industrial societies because______.
A.the definition of maturity has changed
B.the industrialized society is more developed
C.more education is provided and laws against child labor are made
D.ceremonies for adolescence have lost their formal recognition and symbolic significance
A B C D
C
[解析] 事实细节题。参阅原文第一段第二句…while in industrial societies with patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor，the period of adolescence is much longer…而在工业社会中受教育时间延长并制订了反对童工的法律，因而青春期大大延长。[A]“成熟的定义已经变了”远不如[C]明确。 [B]“工业化社会更发达了”无法在原文找到根据。[D]“青春期仪式已不能得到正式承认也失去了象征意义。”在第二段首句出现，但与本题无关。
2. Former social ceremonies that used to mark adolescence have given place to______. A. graduations from schools and collegesB. social recognition C. socio-economic status D. certain behavioral changes
A B C D
D
[解析] 事实细节题。第二段第二句中social ones 指代 social ceremonies，指出它已被一系列步骤所取代。第三句给出实例，从小学到中学再到大学构成了这个系列。[A]“社会认同”[B]“社会和经济地位”[C]“某种行为上的改变”都不合题意。
3. No one can expect to fully enjoy the adulthood privileges until he is______.
5. According to the passage, it is true that______.
A.in the late 19th century in the United States the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood no longer existed
B.no one can marry without the permission of his parents until the age of twenty-one
C.one is not free from the restrictions of child labor laws until he can join the army
D.one is considered to have reached adulthood when he. has a driver's license
A B C D
A
[解析] 事实细节题。参阅第一段末句。frontier 原指边境、边缘，此处指 the dividing line between adolescence and adulthood。故[A]正确。由第二段倒数第五句得知[B]所指内容应为18岁，故[B]错误。根据第二段倒数第六、七句，允许拿驾驶执照的年龄应在青春期16岁，排除[C]。从倒数第五、六、七句可知从16岁开始不受童工法的限制，到18岁才能参军，因而[D]错误。
Passage Four Increasingly, historians are blaming diseases imported from the Old World for the big gap between the native population of America in 1492 new estimates of which jump as high as t00 million, or approximately one-sixth of the human race at that time -- and the few million full- blooded (纯血统的) Native Americans alive at the end of the nineteenth century. There. is no doubt that chronic disease was an important factor in the sharp decline, and it is highly probable that the greatest killer was epidemic disease, especially as manifested in virgin-soil epidemics. Virgin-soil epidemics are those in which the population at risk have had no previous contact with the diseases that strike them and are therefore immunologically (免疫学地) almost defenseless. That virgin-soil epidemics were important in American history is strongly indicated by evidence that a number of dangerous rnaladies (疾病) -- smallpox, measles, malaria, yellow fever, and undoubtedly several more were unknown in the pre-Columbian New World. The effects of their sudden introduction are demonstrated in the early chronicles (编年史)of America, which contain reports of horrible epidemics and steep population declines, confirmed in many cases by quantitative analyses of Spanish tribute records and other sources. The evidence provided by the documents of British and French colonies is not as definitive because the conquerors of those areas didn't establish permanent settlements and began to keep continuous records until the seventeenth century, by which time the worst epidemics had probably already taken place. Furthermore, the British tended to drive the native populations away, rather than to enslave them as the Spaniards did, so that the epidemics of British America occurred beyond the range of colonists' direct observation. Even so, the surviving records of North America do contain references to deadly epidemics among the native population. In 1616 — 1619 an epidemic, possibly of pneumonic plague, swept coastal New England, killing as many as nine out of ten.. During the 1630's smallpox, the disease most fatal to the native American people, eliminated half the population of the Huron and Iroquois confederations. In the 1820's fever ruined the people of the Columbia River area, killing eight out of ten of them. Unfortunately, the documentation of these and other epidemics is slight and frequently un- reliable, and it is necessary to supplement what little we do know with evidence from recent epidemics among Native Americans. For example, in 1952, an outbreak of measles among the Native American inhabitants of Ungava Bay, Quebec, affected 99 percent of the population and killed 7 percent, even though some had the benefit of modern medicine. Cases such as this demonstrate that even diseases that are not normally fatal can have destroying consequences when they strike an immunologically defenseless community.
1. According to the passage, virgin-soil epidemics can be distinguished from other catastrophic out- breaks of diseases in that virgin-soil epidemics______.
A.recur more frequently than chronic diseases
C.usually involve a number of interacting diseases
B.involve populations with no prior exposure to a disease
D.are less responsive to medical treatment than are other diseases
A B C D
C
[解析] 事实细节题。文章第二段第一句中。这句话其实是对virgin-soil epidemics 的一个定义，在定义中肯定要提到它与其他类似事物不同的方面，[C]项是原文的同义转述，原文中的关键词是had no previous contact with。[A]与[B]项在原文中都没有提到；[D]认为它不如其他疾病那样对医学治疗反应敏感，但文中并未提到这一点。
2. Which of the following can be inferred from the text concerning Spanish tribute records?
A.They were being kept prior to the seventeenth century.
B.They mention only epidemics of smallpox.
C.They provide quantitative and qualitative evidence about Native American populations.
D.They prove that certain diseases were unknown in the pre-Columbian New World.
A B C D
D
[解析] 推理判断题。到原文第二段中间指出，reports of horrible epidemics and steep population de- clines，…of Spanish tribute records and other sources，[D]为此意的同义转述。选项[A]是从the surviving re- cords of North America 得出的结论，而不是Spanish tribute records。[B]项的内容与原文意思相反; [C]项所叙述的 certain diseases were unknown in the pre-Columbian New World 没有错误，但是这不是Spanish tribute records 所记录的内容，而是early chronicles of America 中所提到的。
3. It can be inferred from the text about the Native American inhabitants of Ungava Bay that they
A.were immunologically defenseless against measles
B.could scarcely ward off the fatal attack by the 1952 epidemic
C.were the last native people to be struck by a virgin-soil .epidemic
D.didn't come into frequent contact with White Americans until the 20th century
4. The author mentions the 1952 measles outbreak most probably in order to______.
A.demonstrate the impact of modern medicine on epidemic disease
B.advocate new research into the continuing problem of epidemic disease
C.confirm the documentary evidence of epidemic disease in colonial America
D.refute allegations of unreliability made against the historical record of colonial America
A B C D
C
[解析] 推理判断题。原文最后一段第一句中说这些关于流行病的记录很少，而且往往不可靠。后面举了一个例子，来证实上一段中提到的在殖民地时代所记录的流行病是可靠的。原文中在提到affected 99 per- cent of the population and killed 7 percent，even though some had the benefit of modern medicine 可以看出， modern medicine 并未对这次流行病产生很大的效果，所以，作者不太可能用这个不成功的事实来论述现代医药对流行病的效果，[A]不正确；[B]项的意思是倡导针对流行病问题的新方法，在原文中没有涉及；[D]选巧误会了作者的目的，作者并不仅仅是为了反驳针对殖民地美洲历史记录的不可靠性这种说法的，而是为了说明有些记录还是可靠的。
5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is______.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. The complaint would be more______ if he could remember more specific details.
7. At first, the______ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.
16. The government launched a campaign to______ the public to the dangers of smoking.
A.alert
B.warn
C.plead
D.divert
A B C D
A
[解析] 惯用搭配题。alert sb．to sth．表示“向…报警，(对临近的危险或行动)发出通知，警告”；[B] warn 意为“警告，告诫，预先通知”，干扰性最强，但表示“警告某人某事”时用warn sb．about/of sth．不直接与 to搭配使用。[C] plead意为“恳求，乞求，请求”，常与for连用，如plead for more time(请求给予更多的时间)，但不与to连用。[D]divert意为“使…转向，转移”，虽也可与to连用，但其后一般不跟人，而跟sb’s attention直接作宾语。 [句意]政府发动了一场运动，提醒公众注意吸烟的危害。
17. Many birds are injured when trying to ______wings with large gaps in the clip.
A.slapped
B.scratched
C.flapped
D.fluctuated
A B C D
C
[解析] 逻辑关系题：因果。flap意为“使(翅膀)拍动，使飘动”，故选[C]。[A]slap意为“掌击，(用掌)掴，拍”，如：slap sb．on the face；[B] scratch 意为“抓，搔”，多指用尖利工具、指甲等在物体表面上刮，抓；[D] fluctuate 意为“(价格、数量、比率等)波动，涨落，起伏”。 [句意]被弹簧夹夹住的许多鸟在使劲振翅时受了伤。
18. Many rare species of plants and animals are threatened with______ with the worsening of environment and mass hunting.
A.migration
B.extinction
C.distinction
D.distraction
A B C D
B
[解析] 逻辑关系题：因果。句中后一个 with 引起的介词短语构成前面部分的原因；be threatened with是惯用表达方式，相当于be likely to be harmed or destroyed by，threaten一词也暗示了所填词的消极意义。选项中只有[B]extinction“(生物等的)灭绝”含有消极意义，符合题意要求。[A] migration“迁徙”，[C]distinction“差别，特性”，[D] distraction“困惑，娱乐，分心”。 [句意]由于环境的不断恶化，加之大量的捕杀，许多珍稀的植物和动物物种都面临灭绝的危险。
19. Your state of anxiety does not______ your being so rude to me.
25. Absolute poverty has fallen steadily since the industrial revolution, which is why yesterday's ______ have become today's necessities. A. refreshments B. accommodationsC. entertainments D. luxuries
30. These incidents are best understood in the broader______ of developments in rural society.
A.context
B.contest
C.pretext
D.texture
A B C D
A
[解析] 近形近义题。所填词与in the broader…of 形成介词搭配，in the context of sth．表示“在…背景下”。B)contest"竞赛”[C]pretext“借口，托辞”[D]texture“纹理”，三个选项均与本题语境不符。 [句意]在乡村社会发展的广阔背景下，这些事件才能最好地被理解。
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions Directions:In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words). Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learn to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like Other people's. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught at walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teachers. Let him do it him- self. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this not. If it is a matter of right answers, as in may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teach teachers to waste time on such routine works? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end all this nonsense of grades, exams, marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know. Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get on in the world?" Don't worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.
1. What is the best way for children to learn things?______.
Copying what other people do
[解析] 推理题。考查对原文的综合理解能力。在原文中，作者没有直截了当地指出儿童学习的最佳途径，但理解作者以下的两句话后即可提炼出答案He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use．Bit by bit，he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's．(作者在下文中又指出其他方面的学习与语言学习方式相同。)通过综合理解概括，即可得出答案。
2. What are the things the author think teachers should do but haven't done?______.
Allowing children to judge their own work
[解析] 推理题。考查对原文的综合理解能力。解答此题也需要在理解原文的基础上进行推断，文章的大意为教师不应对学生的学习控制过多，应放手让学生发现问题、解决问题，因此将本文的主旨句(Let children learn to judge their own work．)进行同义改写后即可得出答案。文章中首段的首句话一般为全篇文章之眼，需要引起考生高度重视。
3. What's the author's opinion towards learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle?______.
They are basically the same as learning other skills．
[解析] 观点题。考查对细节信息的概括能力。此处把握文章中的线索句(In the same way，children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught．．．，and slowly they make the needed changes．)中的关键短语in the same way并将其进行同义转述即可得出答案。
4. The students' exams, grades and marks should only be estimated by______.
Part Ⅴ Writing Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Deal with Job Burnout? You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese；
Job burnout is a response to work stress that leaves you feeling powerless, hopeless, fatigued, drained and frustrated. In fact, job burnout has become an increasingly common phenomenon in today's stressful workplace. 70 percent of workers in China report feeling burned out at the office, according to a recent Survey. Our work culture of heavy workloads, longer days at the office, less time spent at home and fewer Vacation days taken is causing widespread job burnout Besides, tiring and boring jobs appear to be one source, too. Another is facing a job that's beyond your ability to do it well. Lack of recognition for the work you do can be another serious source of job stress. If an individual is experiencing burnout, the first-step is to address the causes Of work dissatisfaction, which can help start you on the process of exploring options to change the sources of your stress. One possible remedy to distance yourself from your job and take a long rest for good refreshment, in addition, talking to a supervisor about changing your job responsibilities can make a difference. Sometimes more serious measures may be necessary, such as changing jobs or even. changing your career field. But most importantly, methods of handling stress should be identified and encouraged,
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