Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
[解析] W: You're always working around the house on Saturday, painting and doing repairs! You must enjoy it. M: Not really. I'd rather relax or go fishing, but Saturday is the only day I have to get anything done. By the time I get home from work during the week, I'm too tired. Q: What does the man usually do on Saturdays?
2. A. Two hours. B. Four hours.C. Six hours. D. Eight hours.
A B C D
C
[解析] M: It only takes two hours to get to New York, but there you'll have a six-hour layover before your next flight. W: Oh, that's all right. I don't mind the layover in New York. I still have to shop for a few things. Q: How many hours will the woman be in New York?
3.
A.'5.45
B.'1.00
C.'0.95
D.'2.05
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Do I have enough postage on this package? W: Let's see. You already have three fifteen-cent stamps and two twenty-five-cent stamps on it. You only need one five-cent stamp. Q: What is the total amount of postage required to mail the package?
4.
A.In a kitchen.
B.In an orchard.
C.In a garden.
D.At a picnic.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: These tomatoes are huge! You must have watered them a lot! M: Yes, I did. They ought to be ripe enough to pick by next Friday when we have our picnic. Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place?
5.
A.He prefers staying at home because he doesn't like to travel.
B.He prefers taking a plane because the bus is too slow.
C.He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.
D.He prefers traveling with the woman.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: If I were you, I would take a plane instead of a bus. It will take you forever to get there. M: But flying makes me so nervous. Q: What does the man prefer to do?
[解析] W: Whereas European nations have traditionally employed metric units such as meters and grams, the United States has employed English units such as feet and pounds. M: Both systems are now in use in the U. S. , though. Q: What are these people most probably discussing?
7.
A.He does not understand it.
B.He does not like it.
C.He is used to it.
D.He does not have to take it.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: I can't stand this class! W: Well you might as well get used to it. It's required, so you have to take it in order to graduate. Q: How does the man feel about the class?
8. A. To a coach. B. To an optometrist. C. To a dentist.D. To a waitress.
A B C D
B
[解析] M: Your glasses are fine, but if you don't like the frames we could change them. W: Actually I was thinking of trying some contact lenses, if you think that I would be able to wear them. Q: To whom is the woman speaking?
9.
A.He does not believe what the announcer says.
B.He thinks that the announcer is very good at his work.
C.He does not have an opinion of the announcer.
D.He thinks that they should do what the announcer says.
A B C D
A
[解析] W: Maybe we should take Front Street this morning. The radio announcer said that traffic was very heavy on the freeway. M: Well, if he says to take Front Street we should go the other way! Q: What is the man's opinion of the radio announcer?
10.
A.A traffic guard.
B.A sociologist.
C.A student.
D.A salesperson.
A B C D
C
[解析] W: I'm looking for a textbook for my sociology course, it's called American Society at the Crossroads. Do you have it? M: Yes, we do. You'll find it in section 24, on the topshelf. Q: What's the woman's occupation probably?
Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
[解析] 11-13 Experts say some farming activities are seriously damaging Earth's environment. Bad farming methods can damage soil, forests and water supplies. They also have caused some plants and animals to disappear. Two groups now say that bad farming methods are threatening the ability of farmers to produce enough food to feed the world population in the future. The groups used satellite images, maps and modern equipment to study the effect of agriculture on the environment. The study found that the destruction of soil is widespread. Important organic nutrients are being removed from farmland. Agriculture uses seventy percent of the freshwater in the world each year. The study found that many farmers are wasting water supplies. In addition, chemicals designed to protect crops may pollute waterways. The report also says as much as thirty percent of the world's forests have been cut down so the land could be used for agriculture. This has led to a severe loss of wildlife and their environments. 11. Which is not mentioned in the passage as an aspect that fanning activities are damaging?
2.
A.By using satellite images, maps, etc.
B.By studying specific farming methods.
C.By studying the variation of human population.
D.By analyzing the quality of crops.
A B C D
A
[解析] How can the group carry out their studies7
3.
A.By forcing them farming.
B.By affecting the quality of soils.
C.By adding chemicals and pollute the waterways.
D.By affecting the environments they live in.
A B C D
D
[解析] According to this passage, how can fanning activities affect the animals?
D.To learn how to change information to maps more efficiently.
A B C D
A
[解析] 14-16 American scientists are developing maps that can identify areas of future flooding. The maps also may help scientists estimate the possibility of extremely dry weather and severe storms. Tom Jackson of the United States Department of Agriculture prepared the map after the April flood. He used information provided by satellites in the Earth orbit. The maps are produced from dish receivers on the satellites. Each dish receiver measures the wetness of the soil by capturing the natural release of microwave radiation from the soil. The receivers mm rapidly. This produces complete coverage of each area the satellite passes over. Mr. Jackson and other scientists have tested Aqua's equipment in airplanes and satellites flying over several states. The scientists used the tests to develop ways to change the information gathered into maps. Mr. Jackson now plans to compare the microwave dish receiver findings with information from tests on the Earth's soil. He will use instruments at Agricultural Research Service centers in four states. He will also study information provided by forty ground observation centers across the country. 14. Why are American scientists developing these maps?
2.
A.By turning the intensity of sunshine into maps.
B.By analyzing the recent weather report.
C.By capturing the microwave radiation from the soil.
D.By analyzing information provided by ground observation centers.
A B C D
C
[解析] How can the satellites catch the information about the soil?
3.
A.Acquire information from satellites more efficiently.
B.To realize full coverage of area the satellite passes over.
C.Building more ground observation centers.
D.Compare satellites information with those from ground.
[解析] 17-20 Scientists say sharks have lived in the world's oceans for millions of years. Scientists say there are more than three-hundred-fifty different kinds of sharks. Sharks do not have bones, and a shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in the water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. Sharks also sense electrical and magnetic power linked to nerves and muscles of living animals. These powerful senses help them find their food. Some sharks will eat just about anything. Many unusual things have been found in the stomachs of some tiger sharks. They include shoes, dogs, a cow's foot and metal protective clothing. About forty percent of the different kinds of sharks lay eggs. The others give birth to live young. Some sharks carry their young inside their bodies like humans do. Scientists are beginning to understand the importance of sharks to humans. Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense system against disease. They know that sharks recover quickly from injuries. Sharks appear never to suffer infections, cancer or heart diseases. 17. What is this passage mainly about?
2.
A.By good sense of water waves made by quarries.
B.By good sense of smell and electrical magnetic power.
C.By good sense of light.
D.By good sense of blood.
A B C D
B
[解析] How can sharks find their quarries?
3.
A.Bone structure.
B.Smell ability.
C.Birth mode.
D.Recover ability against disease.
A B C D
C
[解析] In which point are some sharks similar with humans?
4.
A.Their tasty meat.
B.The principle of their defense system against disease.
C.Their solid skin.
D.The principle of their birth modes.
A B C D
B
[解析] Why are sharks useful for humans?
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One Perhaps all criminals should be required to carry cards which read : "Fragile : handle with care." It will never do, theses days, to go around referring to criminal as violent thugs. You must refer to them politely as "social misfits" (不能适应社会的人). The professional killer who wouldn't think twice about using his club or knife to batter some harmless old lady to death in older to rob her of her meager life savings must never be given a dose of his own medicine. He is in need of "hospital treatment". According to his misguided defenders, society is to blame. A wicked society breeds evil or so the argument goes. When you listen to this kind of talk, it makes you wonder why we aren't all criminals. We have done away with the absurdly harsh laws of the nineteenth century and this is only fight. But surely enough is enough. The most senseless piece of criminal legislation in Britain and a number of other countries has been the suspension of capital punishment. The violent criminal has become a kind of hero-figure in our time. He is glorified on the screen; he is pursued by the press and paid vast sum of money for his "memories" Newspapers which specialize in crime reporting enjoy enormous circulations and the publishers of trashy cops and robbers stories or "murder mysteries" have never had it so good. When you read about the achievements of the great train robbers, it makes you wonder whether you are reading about some glorious resistance movement. The hardened criminal is cuddled and cosseted by the sociologists on the one hand and adored as a hero by the masses on the other. It's no wonder he is a privileged person who expects and receives VIP treatment wherever he goes. Capital punishment used to be a major deterrent. It made the violent robber think twice before pulling the trigger. It gave the cold-blooded poisoner something to ponder about while he was shaking up or serving his arsenic cocktail. It prevented unarmed policemen from being killed while pursuing their duty by killers armed with automatic weapons. Above all, it protected the most vulnerable members of society, young children, from brutal violence. It is horrifying to think that the criminal can literally get away with murder. We all know that "life sentence" does not mean what it says. After ten years or so of good conduct, the most desperate villain is free to return to society where he will live very comfortably, thank you, on the proceeds of his crime, or he will go on committing offences until he is caught again. People are always willing to hold liberal views at the expense of others. It's always fashionable to pose as the defender of the under-dog, so long as you, personally, remain unaffected. Did the defenders of crime, one wonders, in their desire for fair-play, consult the victims before they suspended capital punishment? Hardly, you see, they couldn't, because all the victims were dead.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is the author's opinion?
A.All criminals should be required to carry cards read: "Fragile: Handle with Care."
B.Capital punishment is the only way to deter criminals.
Passage Two For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human interliving, long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument. Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets any day these days on the issue of nuclear energy. Give it back, say some of the voices, it doesn't really work, we've tried it and it doesn't work, go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man. The principle discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance about nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, matters of absolute certainty--Newtonian mechanics, for example--have slipped through our fingers, and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, ambiguities; some of the laws of physics are amended every few years, some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress. Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear, the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today's imagining. It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.
1. What can't be inferred from the 1st paragraph?
A.Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.
B.For three hundred years there have been people holding hostile attitude toward science.
C.Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.
D.Three hundred years is not long enough to settle back critical appraisal of scientific method.
A B C D
C
细节辨析题 通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。文章第一段提到：……maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not．There is an argument．也就是说，对于将科学继续进行下去，人们观点不一。并且下文就不同的观点进行了详细的阐述，因此答案C)是正确的。与之相比较，其他三个选项均是错误的。
2. The principle discovery in this century shows _________.
A.man has overthrown Newton's laws of physics
B.man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles
C.man has lost many scientific discoveries
D.man has given up some of the once accepted theories
A B C D
D
细节辨析题 通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。见文章第三段，尤其是最后几句话…some of the laws of physics are amended every few years，some are canceled outright，some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress．得知人类对理论所采取的做法是修正，摈弃，甚至采取立法手段等，因此正确答案是D)。
3. Now scientists have found in the past few years _________.
A.the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary
B.the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine
C.man knows nothing about DNA
D.man has much to learn about DNA
A B C D
D
细节辨析题 通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。承接第四段末尾人们对DNA的再认识(But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex，filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today's imagining.)，作者在第五段指出了对DNA研究的态度：继续深入地开展下去。由此确定答案为 D)。
4. The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is to say that _________.
A.science is just at its beginning
B.science has greatly improved man’s life
C.science has made profound progress
D.science has done too little to human beings
A B C D
A
总结归纳题 通过理解全文归纳出答案。文章的最后一段明确指出，It is not just that there is more to do，there is everything to do．从而清楚地将作者的观点公之于众，那就是说，科学刚刚起步，面前的路还很长很长。因此答案应是A)。虽然科学取得了很大进展(C)，大大改善了人们的生活(B)，但这都不是本文的写作目的。
5. The writer's attitude towards science is _________.
Passage Three The desire for achievement is one of life's great mysteries. Social scientists have devoted lifetimes to studying the drives that spur us out of bed in the morning, compel us to work or study hard and spark all manner of human endeavor. Indeed, a 1992 textbook actually documents 32 distinct theories of human motivation. Given this diversity of thought, it's easy to forget that for a half century, American society has been dominated by the psychological school known as behaviorism, or Skinnerian psychology. Although behaviorism and its fundamental principle of "positive reinforcement" have long since lost their sway in academic circles, the Skinnerian legacy remains powerful in every realm of trash out. Do it, and you can go to the movies Friday night. Not in the mood for work? Keep plugging away, and you might get a bonus. Not interest in calculus? Strive for an A in the class, and you will make the honor roll. The theory may be bankrupt, but incentives and rewards are so much a part of American culture that it's hard to imagine life without them. Yet that's exactly what a growing group of researchers are advocating today. A steady stream of research has found that rather than encouraging and diminishing performance, "our society is caught in a whopping paradox," asserts Alfie Kohn, author of the new book published by Rewards (Houghton Mifflin), which surveys recent research on the effectiveness of rewards. "We complain loudly about declining productivity, the crisis of our school and the distorted values of our children. But the very strategy we use to solve those problems damaging rewards like incentive plans and grade and candy bars in front of people is partly responsible for the fix we're in." It's a tough argument to make in a culture that celebrates the spoils of success. Yet study after study shows that people tend to perform worse, to give up more easily and to lose interest more quickly when a reward is involved. Children who are given treats for doing artwork, for example, lose for tutoring youngsters don't teach as enthusiastically as tutors offered nothing. And chief executive officers who have been awarded long-term incentive plans have often steered their companies toward lower returns.
1. According to behaviorism, all human actions _________.
A.are based on stimulus and response
B.have no bearing on human drives
C.are supposed to be highly motivated
D.are of a great mystery
A B C D
A
推理题 作者在谈到行为主义的基本原理就是“积极强化”(positive reinforcement)。接着，作者又举了许多行为主义基本原则中靠刺激和奖励(incentives and rewards)来克服困难，取得进步的例子。由此可见，选项A)为正确答案。
Passage Four In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic (官僚主义的) management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human- relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become power-less, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the tight mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century "free enterprise capitalism"7 Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities--those of and of reason--are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.
1. By "a well-oiled cog in the machinery" the author intends to render the idea that man is _________.
A.a necessary part of the society though each individual's function is negligible
B.working in complete harmony with the rest of the society
C.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the’society, though functioning smoothly
D.a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly
A B C D
C
句义理解题 题干问：通过“a well-oiled cog in the machinery”，作者想表达什么思想。本题可迅速定位于第一段，作者把我们的社会比作一个官僚领导的庞大企业，其中人成为一个微不足道但又得到良好待遇的“齿轮”，任由自动化机器和官僚管理层驱使，也就是说人在其中的作用变得无足轻重，选项C)正合此意，故为正确答案。
2. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _________.
A.they are likely to lose their jobs
B.they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life
C.they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence
D.they are deprived of their individuality and independence
3. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those _________.
A.who are at the bottom of the society
B.who are higher up in their social status
C.who prove better than their fellow-competitors
D.who could keep far away from this competitive world
A B C D
D
推断题 题干问：我们从文章可推断真正幸福的生活属于哪些人。本题可定位于第三段最后一句话 This constant need to prove．．．the very causes of unhappiness and illness。该句意为：这种旨在证明一个人与其竞争对手表现得一样好或比他更好的持续不断的需要给人带来了经常不断的焦虑和压力，而这正是痛苦和疾病发生的原因，由此我们可以进行反向推论，倘若要获得真正的幸福就得远离这个竞争激烈的世界， D)选项正合此意，故而正确。
4. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _________.
A.resort to the production mode of our ancestors
B.offer higher wages to the workers and employees
C.enable man to fully develop his potentialities
D.take the fundamental realities for granted
A B C D
C
细节题 题干问：为了解决当前的社会问题，作者建议应怎样做。本题可定位于第四段第四句话I suggest．．．full development of his potentialities即作者建议改造我们的社会体制，把一个由官僚阶层管理的以最大化生产和消费为其目标的工业社会改造成一个人性化的工业社会。由此可见，C)选项为正确答案。
5. The author's attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of _________.
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best complete the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
1. Since the most commonly accepted test is the TOEFL exam, most institutions will expect a _________ TOEFL score for admission.
19. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the _________ of a brilliant career.
A.end
B.edge
C.threshold
D.course
A B C D
D
考点 词语辨析题。主要考查“end”、“edge”、“threshold”和“course”这几个表示位置的单词的意思及搭配。end“末端，尽头，结束，限度”，显然与题意不符；on the edge of“在边缘上；快要，眼看”，也与题意不符；threshold“开始，开端，极限”，on the threshold of“在…的开头，在…快要开始的时候，在…的前夕”，同样与题意不符；on the course of“在……的过程中”。故只可选D)。 [译文] 作为这所大学最年轻的教授之一，金小姐的事业正值辉煌时期。
20. During the famine of 1943, millions of peasants _________ to the cities because they could not make a living in the countryside.
24. The three astronauts have splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, only six miles from the aircraft carrier that was _________ for the recovery mission.
25. Pubs have fanciful names like "The Red Lion" or "The Pig and Whistle" and they often have picutre on a signboard outside to _________ the name. A. justify B. illustrateC. modify D. clarify
Part Ⅳ Error Correction Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and be sure to put a (—) in the blank. "Home, sweet home" is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet. The S1 _________. cherished ideal of home has great importance for many people. This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth-century European settlers of the American west, was to find a piece of place, build a house for one's family, and S2 _________. started a farm. These small households were portraits of S3 _________. independence: the entire family--mother, father, and children. Even grandparents--live in a small house and working S4 _________. together to support each other. Any one understood the life S5 _________. and death importance of family corporation and hard work. Although most people in the United states no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership is just as S6 _________. strong in the twentieth century, as it was in the nineteenth. When U.S. soldiers came home before World War II for. S7 _________. example, they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was a tremendous boom in the home S8 _________. building. The new house, typically in the suburbs ,were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied S9 _________. a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life. S10 _________.
1.
no→not
修饰形容词用not(副词)，而不能用no。
2.
place→land
place是可数名词，不能接a piece of，此处应接不可数名词land。
3.
started→start
与上文中find，build为并列的动词不定式结构。
4.
working→work
与live并列，用一般现在时。
5.
anyone→everyone
根据上下文判断，此处应为“每个人”，而不是“任何人”。
6.
but→\
后面不能but引导的分句。
7.
before→after
根据上下文判断，士兵回家应为二战后。
8.
But→And
根据上下文判断，应该是递进关系而不是转折关系。
9.
it→they
指代的是上文提到的house，应为复数意义的代词。
10.
house ∧→as
regard…as“把…视为，认为…是”。
Part Ⅴ Writing Directions:for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an composition on the topic of A Speech on Tele-education. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:
1.
A Speech on Tele-education.
1．人们对远程教育的看法不一。 2．表明你的观点和看法。
A Speech on Tele-education.
Ladies and Gentlemen: With the rapid development of science and technology, tele-education has sped up in our country. While many people speak highly of its advantages, others see more disadvantages deriving from it. The advocates of tele-education give their arguments as follows. For one thing, tele-education makes it possible for people in remote areas to learn the subjects they are interested in. For another, people have a wider range of choices as to teachers and lessons through tele-education, because they can listen to the best lessons by the best teachers in the country, or even in the world. Just as "Every advantage has its disadvantages", the opponents believe that not all the people have access to tele-education because many are poor. In addition, the students cannot contact teachers, but interpersonal relations are important to their study. As far as I am concerned, we should develop tele-education more rapidly to benefit more students. Meanwhile, we can design some programs to help teachers and students to contact each other. Thank you for being with me. Good-bye.
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