银符考试题库-在线练习-大学四级模拟36

大学四级模拟36

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension

Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

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A.He will lend the woman money to buy a computer.
B.The woman should wait a while before buying a Computer.
C.The woman should find a better way to invest her savings.
D.The woman should buy a computer.

A B C D

[解析]
W: My parents think I ought to buy a computer. You know now I'm in college. But I hate to spend so much of my savings now.
M: I'd say it's probably a worthwhile investment.
Q: What does the man mean?

[解析] 观点态度题。解答此题的关键是能从对客观事物的评价(a worthwhile investment)推导出对暗含的主观建议(buy a computer)。

A.She will have to postpone her trip.
B.She has already gotten her passport application,
C.The passport application office is closed.
D.She was late in applying for her passport.

A B C D

[解析]
M: I keep putting off getting my passport applica tion.
W: Thank goodness. I didn't drag my feet on that one.
Q: What does the woman mean?

[解析] 事实状况题。解答此题的关键是理解习惯用语(not drag my feet)的含义(already got ten)。drag one's feet意为“迟缓误事，拖拉”。

A.He hasn't received the message.
B.He doesn't understand the message.
C.He doesn't approve of the dean's plan.
D.He has just skimmed through the message.

A B C D

[解析]
W: What do you make of the message the dean sent out about late registrations?
M: You know I couldn't make heads or tails of it myself.
Q: What does the man mean?

[解析] 事实状况题。解答此题的关键是理解形象比喻(couldn't make heads or tails of it)的抽象概念意义(doesn't understand)。

A.She thinks clothing prices will decrease even further.
B.She's going to go shopping soon.
C.She doesn't know that stores are having sales now.
D.She wants to see what the man has bought.

A B C D

[解析]
M: This is such a great time to buy winter clothes. So many stores are having sales now and the price reductions are pretty substantial.
W: Yeah. It's just what I've been waiting for. There are so many things I need.
Q: What does the woman imply?

[解析] 行为活动题。解答此题的关键是从内在原因(so many things I need)推导出外在结果 (going to…)。

A.He always liked reading more than watching television.
B.He used to watch television more than he does now.
C.It's important to select television programs carefully.
D.The woman should do more reading.

A B C D

[解析]
W: Growing up we never had a TV. Even now I'm not used to watching it much.
M: Well, it's kind of like reading. Some things you find are great , but a little are real wastes of time. You have to pick and choose.
Q: What does the man mean?

[解析] 观点态度题。pick and choose 就是select的意思。

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A.Help Laura with her paper next week.
B.Ask Laura to clean the apartment by herself.
C.Ask someone else to clean the apartment with Laura.
D.Ask Laura to suspend the cleaning for a week.

A B C D

[解析]
W: What should I do? I have a big paper due Mon- day,but I promised Laura we'd clean the apart- ment this weekend.
M: Why don't you just see if Laura will postpone it for a week?
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

[解析] 行为活动题。解答此题的关键是理解postpone 的含义suspend。postpone等于put off，意为“推迟”。

A.She has had the man's calculator since Thursday.
B.The man's calculator is broken.
C.The man may use her calculator.
D.She'll turn the man's calculator on Thursday.

A B C D

[解析]
M: I can't seem to find my calculator. Did I lend to you by any chance?
W: No, but you are welcome to mine if you need it, as long as I get it back by Thursday.
Q: What does the woman mean?

[解析] 事实状况题。解答此题的关键是理解习惯用语be welcome to(可以自由使用某物，随意使用某物)的含义(may use)。

A.She can help the man if he rides her {o town now.
B.She doesn't want to lend the man any money.
C.She owes the man some money.
D.She may ask the man to drive her to town some time.

A B C D

[解析]
M: Oh, no, my lunch costs 8 dollars but I only have a 5 in my wallet. Can you help me out?
W: Sure. Just remember this when I need a ride to town.
Q: What can be inferred about the woman?

[解析] 事实状况题。解答此题的关键是能从委婉表达(remember this when I need a ride to town)推导出真实的含义(ask the man to drive her to town some time)。

A.At a crossroads.
B.At a teacher's office.
C.At a bookstore.
D.In a library.

A B C D

[解析]
W: I want to borrow a reference book for my soci ology course. It's entitled American Society at the Crossroads. Do you have it?
M: Yes, we do. You'll find it in Section 24,on the top shelf.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

[解析] 场景判断题。预读四个选项可以判断此题为地点场景题，因此在听录音的过程中要特别注意捕捉能体现对话场景的词和短语。解答此题的关键是从对话中的关键词和短语(borrow a reference book，Section 24，on the top shelf)推导出对话发生的场景(1ibrary)。

10.

A.They should put the meeting to an end.
B.They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.
C.She would like to discuss another item.
D.She wants to discuss the issue again later.

A B C D

[解析]
M: I think we should move on to the next item.
W: OK. But I'd like to take this matter up again at the end of the meeting.
Q: What does the woman imply?

[解析] 观点态度题。解答此题的关键是理解习惯用语(take sth．up)的含义(把…继续下去，把…接下去)，在对话中即指to discuss the issue again。

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.To interest the public in shapes and colors.
B.To create something difficult for us to understand.
C.To express something new to us.
D.To make show of his unusual abilities.

A B C D

[解析] 11-13
Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand—he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.
What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out, but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us.
Without their work, we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the de light which they brought to the artist.
Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world or nature and from human bodies in motion or repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.
If one painter chose to paint a broken leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing something all of which means that, consciously or Unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.
11．According to the passage，what is an artist always trying to do?

[解析] 细节题。四个选项都是不定式短语，因此可以推测此题询问的可能与做某事有关。解答此题的关键是理解语句的同义转述(wants it to be something which has not been said before≈To ex press something new to us)。

A.Because a painter only provides interesting patterns.
B.Because a painter is not good at expressing himself.
C.Because a painter is less experienced or educated.
D.Because a painter uses shapes and colors instead of words.

A B C D

[解析]
Why is it difficult to understand a painting?

[解析] 细节题。预读选项可以推测此题询问的应该是与画家有关的一件事情的原因。解答此题的关键是理解语句的同义转述(painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors，not words≈a painter uses shapes and colors instead of words)。

A.Paintings are nothing more than the arrangement of shapes and colors.
B.Painters are not good at writing.
C.We should look beyond shapes and colors to understand what the artist is driving at.
D.The public is more interested in writing than painting.

A B C D

[解析]
What can we infer from the passage?

[解析] 推理题。解答此题的关键是从信息施与一方(each of them is directing our attention… Each painter is telling us…)到信息接受一方(We should…)这种角色的转换，理解教与学的角度变换。

Passage Two
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.Children can have fun from it.
B.People can achieve personal excellence from it.
C.The winner will be greatly honored.
D.It can realize the dreams of an entire nation.

A B C D

[解析] 14-16
Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport--the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying him self. He has to think only about winning. He is responsible for an entire nation's hopes, dreams and reputation.
A good example is the football World Cup. Foot ball is the world's most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention " Brazil" to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Brazil on the map".
Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational a bout the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Brazil, who won the cup.
14.According to the speaker, what is the most important thing in sports?

[解析] 细节题。四个选项是主语各不相同的陈述句，因此在听录音中要注意捕捉有关各个主语的信息。解答此题的关键是理解语句的同义转述(the pursuit of personal excellence≈achieve personal excellence from it)。

A.Because Brazil won the World Cup.
B.Because there was always wonderful football matches in Brazil.
C.Because the most famous footballer lived in Brazil.
D.Because they wanted to learn the best football skills.

A B C D

[解析]
Why did thousands of Scots spend all their money traveling to Brazil?

[解析] 细节题。预读选项可以推测此题询问的应该是与巴西足球有关的某事的原因。解答此题的关键是理解定语从句(who won the cup)和包含的因果关系(Because Brazil won…)。

A.To prove that football is the world's most important sport.
B.To show that Brazil is better than all others.
C.To compare Scotland with Brazil.
D.To explain the essence of sport.

A B C D

[解析]
What is the speaker's main purpose in the talk?

[解析] 主旨题。从四个选项都是不定式，因此可以推测此题询问的可能是做某事的目的或原因 (不定式常表目的)。解答此题的关键是从文章的主题(the pursuit of personal excellence)推导出文章的写作目的(To explain the essence of sport)。

Passage Three
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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A.They were expensive.
B.No one believe them.
C.They were unsuccessful.
D.They were often deceptive.

A B C D

[解析] 17-20
Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded into the minds of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environment muscled their way to the forefront of marketing.
Advertisers saw the consumer desire for environ mentally safe products and tried to meet the demand as quickly as possible. Not surprisingly, this first wave suffered from rough and poorly conceived marketing efforts. Many advertisers embraced a genuine concern for the environment. But consumers .realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such ambiguous terms as " environmentally friendly" and "green. " Consumers grew wary of environ mental appeals, and advertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis. In 1992 the Federal Trade Commission established guidelines for green marketing, followed shortly by state governments. California passed particularly strict laws, setting definitions for terms like "ozone friendly", "biodegradable ", and "recycled". According to the state's court, "California seeks to guard against ... potentially inaccurate claims or ecological boasts a bout products with minimal environmental attributes." Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden State's lead. The rigid regulations have left a number of advertisers confused and frustrated, although some feel that environmental claims have already peaked and are on their way out. Some believe that we've now entered green advertising's third wave, where environmental concern's now part of the mainstream.
17. What were some early problems with Green advertisements?

[解析] 细节题。解答此题的关键是理解语句的同义转述(ambiguous terms≈deceptive)。

2. A. Consumers were responsive.B. Consumers were hostile.
C. Consumers didn't care all the time.D. Consumers got tired of it.

A B C D

[解析]
What was the response by consumers?

[解析] 细节题。预读选项可推测此题问题与consumers 有关，因此在听录音的过程中要注意捕捉与其有关的信息。解答此题的关键是理解语句的同义转述(grew wary of≈tired of)。

3. A. They became more popular. B. They were more regulated.
C. They became better produced.D. They became less honest.

A B C D

[解析]
How did Green advertisements change after the first wave?

[解析] 细节题。注意题干中线索词 change。解答此题的关键是从行为(the Federal Trade Commission established guidelines…)推导出结果(more regulated)。

A.When environmental concerns rise.
B.When advertisers are self-regulating themselves.
C.When advertisements become very regulated.
D.When the mainstream also becomes concerned about it.

A B C D

[解析]
What time did the third green wave occur?

[解析] 细节题。四个选项都是when引导的时间状语从句，因此在听录音的过程中要注意捕捉与时间有关的信息。解答此题的关键是理解语句的同义转述(when enviromental concern's now…≈when the mainstream…)。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One
Drunken driving——sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder--has be come a national epidemic(流行病). Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250, 000 over the past decade.
A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American man image and judges were tolerant (宽容的) in most courts, but the drunken slaughter (屠杀) has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to re duce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-to-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop "responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern (小酒店) in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was "obviously intoxicated (喝醉的)" and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy. As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, what President Hoover called the "noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.

1. Drunken driving' has become a popular problem in America because _________.

A.accidents attract so much publicity
B.most Americans are heavy drinkers
C.drinking is a socially-accepted habit in America
D.Americans are now less shocked by road accidents

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。根据第二段第二句的前半句，酗酒曾经是美国人所接受的，而且在法庭上也一般会得到法官的宽容。由此可以推断，在美国，喝酒是社会所接受的习惯。

2. Public opinion regarding drunken driving has changed in that _________.

A.detailed statistics are now available
B.judges are giving more severe sentences
C.drivers are more conscious of their image
D.the news media have highlighted the problem

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句的后半句，酒后驾车肇事者造成了许多well-publicized tragedies，使得民意再也不能容忍。可以推断，四个选项中只有[D]才能使悲剧well-publicized。

3. Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that _________.

A.many drivers were not of legal age
B.young drivers were often bad drivers
C.the legal drinking age should be raised
D.the level of drinking increased in the 1960s

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。根据第三段第二句，新泽西州把饮酒的法定年龄降到18岁以后，18-20岁的司机每年开车致死的人数增长了一倍还多，因此应该提高饮酒的法定年龄。

4. Laws recently introduced in some states have _________.

A.resulted in fewer serious accidents
B.reduced the number of convictions
C.specified the amount drivers can drink
D.prevented bars from serving drunken customers

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第五段第一句说到，新的法律导致了逮捕和测试的数量增加，也导致了死亡事故的减少。注意此句中的两个由to引导的结构是并列关系，都是led的宾语，in many areas already是插入语。

5. The problem of drunken driving is difficult to solve because _________.

A.alcohol is easily obtained
B.legislation alone is not sufficient
C.legal prohibiting has already failed
D.drinking is linked to organized crime

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句，法律禁酒非但没有使人们停止喝酒，而且还引起了政治腐败和犯罪。由此可以推断，酒后驾车的问题难以解决是因为光靠立法是不够的。

Passage Two
When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched (牵强的) and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right it can hardly be classed as literature.
This, in brief, is what the futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.
Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers:" Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms."
This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A.Laws and requirements of literature.
B.The review of futurist poetry.
C.The survey of new approaches to art.
D.Merits of the futurist movement.

A B C D

[解析] 主旨大意题。文章第一段开始说应该弄清楚艺术领域出现的包含某种时尚的新运动的主张，因为尽管现在看起来这些主张牵强和不合理，可是几年过后它们就会被认为是正常的，然后作者笔锋一转，说未来主义诗歌却无法归为文学，后文一直是在未来主义诗歌形式的抽述和评论，这说明文章的主题是futurist poetry。

2. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to _________.

A.determine its purposes
B.accept the principles
C.follow the new fashion and take it for granted
D.find its value and ignore its flaws

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第一段说When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion，it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at，[A]项是对此的同义转述，determine对应find out，purpose对应what…aiming at。[B]、[C]、[D]项内容原文都未提及。

3. Futurists claim that we must _________.

A.increase the production of literature
B.use poetry to relieve modern stress
C.develop new modes of expression
D.apply more adjectives and verbs

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。文章第三段说This speeding up of life，says the futurist，requires a new form of expression，可见未来主义者认为生活的快速变化要求我们有新的表达方式，即我们必须发展新的表达方式，答案选[C]。其他三项内容比较片面。原文说文学创作要加快，但这并不表示增加文学作品的产量，故[A]错；原文提到用文学作品来解释压力，但没说用诗歌来减轻压力，故[B]错。[D]项与原文描述内容矛盾。

4. The author cites the line of a futurist poem to _________.

A.show its novel quality
B.demonstrate that it is not literature
C.prove that futurist poetry is unreasonable
D.show that futurist poetry reflects changes of life

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。看引文前后内容。文章在引文后说This，though it fulfills the laws and requirements of futurist poetry，can hardly be classed as literature，说明[B]“以例证明它不是文学”正是引用的目的。

5. The author believes that futurist poetry is _________.

A.indicative of a basic change in human nature
B.based on reasonable principles
C.fresh and acceptable to ordinary-people
D.more of a transient phenomenon than literature

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。作者在最后一段对未来主义者宣称的“人类变了，所以需要的表达方式也得变”提出了质疑。[B]、[C]都与原文意思相反。既然作者认为未来主义诗歌赖以存在的理由不成立，所以就只能是暂时的现象了，且作者一开始就认为它不是文学，所以选[D]。

Passage Three
Policemen, both in Britain and the United States, hardly recognize any likeness between their lives and what they see on TV.
The first difference is that a policeman's real life centers round the law. Most of his train- ing is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.
He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty or not of stupid, petty(小的) crimes.
Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attack where failure to produce results reflect on the standing of the police—little effort is spent on searching. The police have an elaborate machinery which eventually shows up most wanted men.
Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. Much of this has to be given by people who don't want to get involved in a court case. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuading them to help him.
A third big difference is the unpleasant moral twilight (衰落时期) in which the real one lives. Detectives are subject to two opposing pressures: first, as members of a police force they always have to behave with absolute legality; secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both.
If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple mindedness as he sees it, of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who instead of stamping our crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detectives feel, is that nine tenths of their work is re-catching people who have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical (愤世嫉俗的).

1. It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law _________.

A.so that he can justify his arrests in court
B.so that he can catch criminals in the streets
C.because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerous
D.because he has to know nearly as much about law as a professional lawyer

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第二段第二句是警察必须学习刑法的原因，即他们必须准确地把握什么样的行为是犯罪，以及在法庭上需要什么样的证据。

2. The everyday life of a policeman or detective is _________.

A.exciting
B.full of danger
C.wasted mostly on unimportant matters
D.devoted mostly to capture criminals

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第三段说，警察的大部分工作实际上是把许多不重要的罪犯的资料输入电脑。由此可以看出，他们把时间花在了琐碎的事情上。

3. When murders and terrorist attacks occur, the police _________.

A.usually fail to produce results
B.prefer to wait: for the criminal to give himself away
C.spend a lot of effort on trying to track down their man
D.try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up their reputation

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句，在重大的谋杀和恐怖袭击中，除非调查失败对警察的形象造成不利的影响，否则他们只花费很少的精力在调查上。由此可以推断警察更喜欢等待罪犯自行露出马脚。

4. The real detective lives in "an unpleasant moral twilight" because __________.

A.he is all expensive public servant
B.he must always behave with absolute legality
C.he is forced to break the law in order to preserve it
D.he feels himself to be cut off from the rest of the world

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第六段说，侦探通常会承受两种压力，一是守法，二是破案，但却很难同时做到这两点。这就意味着如果他要维护法律的正义，常常会被迫犯法。

5. Detectives are rather cynical because _________.

A.hardly anyone tells them the truth
B.too many criminals escape from jail
C.nine-tenths of their work involves arresting people
D.society does not punish criminals severely enough

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句，侦探愤世嫉俗的原因正是他们的工作有百分之九十都是在重复逮捕那些曾经被关在监狱里的人。由此可以看出，社会对罪犯惩治得不够严厉。

Passage Four
A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emo tion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy (对付) it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild animal--a poisonous snake or a wild cat-we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, 'but in a rational manner not in a rage. We re serve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking ones own, but if we take account of the long competition which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man (尼安得特尔人)-indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man--human rage becomes more comprehensible.
In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words "us and them". "Our" side is perpetually trying to do down the "other" side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of "us" and "them" is the touchstone of the two party system of "democratic" politics. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the "us and them" emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it. The readiness with which humans allow them selves to be regimented (严密编组) has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the "us and them" blind rage, has led to destructive (毁灭性的) clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted.

1. The best title for this passage would be ________.

A.Mans Anger Against Rage
B.Early Struggles of Angry Man
C.The Human Capacity for Rage
D.Why Human Armies Are Formed

A B C D

[解析] 主旨大意题。第一段第一句是本文的主题句，据此可知文章的内容围绕human capacity for blind rage展开。

2. According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is ________.

A.that we reserve anger for mankind
B.its lengthy and complex development
C.that we do not fly into a temper more often
D.a conflict that is now going on in Northern Ireland

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第一段第二句和第四句说，令人吃惊的是我们不会把这种暴怒施加在动物身上，而是留给我们的同类。

3. The passage suggests that ________.

A.the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time
B.historically, we have created an "us" versus "them" society
C.humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping
D.the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided domination

A B C D

[解析] 事实细节题。第二段前三句说，我们日常的语言和行为中会有许多旧式斗争的痕迹，我们会使用“us”租“them”这样的字眼，并且“我”方要永远努力胜过“他”方。由此可以推断出人类在历史上曾经创立过一个“我”方与“他”方相对立的社会。

4. From the passage we can infer that ________.

A.games are psychologically unhealthy
B.any artificially-created subspecies would be our enemy
C.the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happens
D.the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in man's activities

A B C D

[解析] 推理判断题。第一段最后一句说我们的亚种群和其他亚种群之间存在长期的竞争，第二段第一句说在人类语言和行为中存在着早期竞争的暗示。这些都说明了相互对立的亚种群是本来就有的，第二段接着从游戏和战争两个方面说明了无论是从虚拟还是真实的角度，都存在着对立的亚种群。

5. The author believes that a. religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is ________.
A. founded in historical factB. apparent
C. misleading D. probably accurate

A B C D

[解析] 观点态度题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，用宗教来解释北爱尔兰的武装冲突是不牢靠的(illusory)，因此容易使人误解(misleading)。

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes ________, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.

A.dim
B.faint
C.vain
D.blank

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。[D]blank意为“空的，空虚的”，强调没有字迹，不显示内容或理解能力的，如：the blank space at the top of the page(在这一页上方的空白处)。My mind went completely blank，and I forgot what I was supposed to be doing．(我脑海一片空白，都忘了要干什么了。)[A]dim意为“(光线)暗淡的，模糊不清的”，如：the dim shape of the building in the mist(薄雾中隐约可见建筑的外形)；[B]faint意为“虚弱得发晕的，无力的”，如：He felt faint with hunger．(他饿得头晕)；[C]vain意为“自负的，无结果的”，如：a vain young man(自负的年轻人)。
[句意] 当我面对这样的问题时，脑子里会一片空白，连自己的生日都想不起来了。

2. Tony has not the least ________ of giving up his research work.

A.intention
B.interest
C.wish
D.desire

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。所填词能用于～of doing sth．结构，[A] intention“打算，意图，目的”，常用于intention of doing sth．表示“做某事的打算、意图”，符合句意，所以[A]为答案。[B]interest“兴趣”常和in连用； [C]wish“希望，意愿”常用于wish to do sth．或wish for sth．结构；[D] desire“欲望，渴望”常用于desire for sth．或desire to do sth．结构。
[句意] 托尼一点都没有放弃研究工作的打算。

3. Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have ________ ones.

A.similar
B.singular
C.different
D.separate

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。句子前后形成语义转折，[D]separate“分开的，各自的，单独存在的”，separate ones指各自的床，和前半句的two…in one bed形成对比，符合句意，所以[D]为答案。[A]similar“类似的，相似的”；[B] singular“单个的，单独的”常用于修饰名词的单数形式；[C]different“不同的，各种各样的”强调样式、种类的不同。
[句意] 有两个孩子不得不睡一张床，而其他的三个孩子可以各自睡一张床。

4. Am I to understand that his new post ________ no responsibility with it at all?

A.keeps
B.supports
C.carries
D.possesses

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。所填动词的宾语为responsibility，选择可以与之搭配的[C]carries“承担(责任)”，所以答案为[C]。[A]keeps“保持，继续”，[B]supports“支持”，和[D]possesses“拥有(品质，能力，财产等)”均不与responsibility搭配。
[句意] 我是不是可以这样理解，他的新职位不用承担任何责任?

5. At first the company refused to purchase the equipment, but this decision was ________ revised.
A. successively B. subsequently C. consequentlyD. preliminarily

A B C D

[解析] 逻辑关系题：顺承。句子前后是时间上的顺承关系，因此应选[B]subsequently“随后，后来”。其他三项均不能表达句子合理的逻辑关系。[A]successively“连续不断地，一连串地”；[C]consequently“从而，因此”；[D]preliminarily“初步地，预鲁地”。
[句意] 一开始公司拒绝买这个设备，但这个决定后来改变了。

6. The museum has enough exhibits to keep anyone ________ for an hour or two.

A.devoted
B.surrounded
C.occupied
D.applied

A B C D

[解析] 选[C]。语义连贯题。博物馆展品多，足够让人在里面花上。一到两个小时参观欣赏，因此合适的选项是 [C]occupied“使从事，把注意力集中于…”。[A]devoted“投入于，献身”，常用于devote oneself to…结构中； [B]surrounded“包围，围绕”；[D]applied“应用”，常和介词to搭配。
[句意] 这家博物馆有足够的展品比人在里面参观一到两个小时。

7. The scientists have absolute freedom as to what research they think it best to ________.

A.engage
B.chase
C.seek
D.pursue

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。所填词可用作及物动词，并可以和research搭配，[D]pursue“从事或忙于(某事)”，符合句意，所以[D]为答案。[A]engage常和in一起连用，表示“忙于或从事某事”；[B]chase“追求，追逐，追捕”着重于追赶者的迅速和决心，其动机不是很友善的，但也可能是出于好玩或取乐；[C]seek“追求，追寻”指寻找方向、地方、工作或人，和research不搭配。
[句意] 科学家对最好从事什么项目研究有绝对的自由。

8. The local authorities realized the need to make ________ for elderly people in their housing programs.

A.preparation
B.requirement.
C.provision
D.specification

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。所填词可用于make～for sb．结构，[C]provision表示为将来或为防万一而做的准备，make provision for sb．指为某人做准备，符合句意，所以[C]为答案。[A]preparation“准备工作，准备措施”，make preparation for sth．表示“为…做准备”，注意for后通常跟的是sth．而不是sb．；[B]requirement“依赖或需要的事物”和[D]specification“规格，详解”则不用于上述结构。
[句意] 地方当局意识到有必要在住房规划上为老年人做准备。

9. Topics for composition should be ________ to the experiences and interests of the students.

A.relevant
B.dependent
C.connecting
D.concerned

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。所填词可用于be～to sth．结构，be relevant to sth．表示“和某事相关”，符合句意，所以[A]为答案。[B]dependent“依靠的，依赖的”常和on或upon搭配；[C]connecting“联系，结合”常和 with连用；[D]concerned“关心的”常和about或for连用。
[句意] 作文的主题应当和学生的经历及兴趣有关。

10. It's important to draw a ________ between the policies of the leaders and the views of their supporters.

A.division
B.comparison
C.difference
D.distinction

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。[D]distinction“差别，区别”，draw a distinction between A and B表示“区分开A和B”，符合句意，所以[D]为答案。[A]division“(思想、生活方式等的)差别，歧异”；[B]comparison“比较，对照”常用于make a comparison between A and B结构，表示“将A和B做对比”；[C]difference“差别，差异”常用于make a difference between A and B结构，表示“区别对待A和B”。
[句意] 把领导们的政策和支持者的观点区分开来是重要的。

11. They have agreed to ________ their differences in the interests of winning the election.

A.put in
B.put across
C.put away
D.put aside

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。句子的后半部分表示原因，所填短语可以和difference搭配，[D]put aside“把…放到一边，暂不考虑”，符合句子语义和搭配要求，所以答案为[D]。[A] put in“花费，正式提出，申请”；[B]put across“解释清楚，使被理解”；[C] put away“放好，收好”。
[句意] 为了赢得这场选举，他们已经同意把他们的分歧丢到一边。

12. I think you can take a(n) ________ language course to improve your English.

A.intermediate
B.middle
C.medium
D.mid

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。所填词修饰language course，[A] intermediate“中级的”指处于elementary和advanced之间的，intermediate course表示“中级语言课程”，符合句意，所以[A]为答案。其他三个选项均不与 language course搭配。[B]middle“中间的，中部的”指某物距两端之等距离的中心，亦指时间、事物之中心；[C] medium“中间的，中等的”指处于两个数值或终点的中间；[D]mid“中间的，中部的”指处于时间或空间的中间。
[句意] 我认为你可以选一个中级语言课程来提高你的英语。

13. As a developing country, we must keep ________ with the rapid development of the world economy.

A.speed
B.pace
C.move
D.step

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。所填词能用于keep～with连用，[B]pace“步调，速度”，keep pace with表示“与…并驾齐驱，齐头并进”，符合句意，所以[B]为答案。[A]speed“速度”；[C]move“移动”；[D]step“脚步；步调”。
[句意] 作为一个发展中国家，我们必须跟上世界经济的飞速发展。

14. The chairman of the company said that new techniques had ________ improved their pro duction efficiency.

A.violently
B.severely
C.radically
D.extremely

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。所填词修饰improved，[C]radically“根本上，用激进的方式”，符合句意，所以[C]为答案。[A] violently“猛烈地，激烈地，极端地”；[B] severely“严格地，激烈地”；[D] extremely“极端地，非常地”。
[句意] 公司董事长说新技术已从根本上提高了生产效率。

15. Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us ________.

A.reduced
B.refreshed
C.released
D.recovered

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。由句中的sleeping可知和休息有关，[B]refreshed“减轻疲劳，精神振作”指通过或仿佛通过休息、食物或饮料得到恢复，符合句意，所以[B]为答案。[A]reduced“减少，减轻”；[C]released“释放，解放”；[D]recovered“痊愈，恢复”通常指得病后身体恢复健康。
[句意] 午后睡十五分钟到两个小时可以减轻压力并让我们恢复精神。

16. Divorce is lawful but subject to various legal requirements before taking final ________.

A.force
B.effect
C.action
D.influence

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。take effect为惯用搭配，表示“生效”，符合句意，所以答案为[B]。[A] force“力量，权威”用于bring sth．/come into force时，表示“(使法律、规则等)生效，开始执行”；[C]action“行动，行为”， take action表示“采取行动，行动起来”；[D]influence“影响，作用”不和take连用。
[句意] 离婚是法律许可的，但是在最终生效之前有多方面的法律要求。

17. The candidate was elected governor of the state by a ________ margin.

A.light
B.faint
C.slender
D.minor

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。slender margin为惯用搭配，表示“微弱的差距”，符合句意，所以[C]为答案。[A] light“轻的”；[B]faint“微弱的，晕的”；[D] minor“少数的，较小的”。
[句意] 这个候选人以微弱优势被选为州长。

18. In international matches, reputation is so important that the only thing that matters is to being beaten.

A.forbid
B.prevent
C.avoid
D.prohibit

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。所填词可以接动名词作宾语?[C]avoid“避免”后常接动名词作宾语，avoid doing sth．表示“避免做某事”，符合句意，所以[C]为答案。[A]forbid“禁止，不许”常用于forbid sb．to do sth．结构，表示“禁止某人做某事”;[B]prevent“防止，阻止”的用法为prevent sb．from doing sth．“防止某人做某事”；[D] prohibit“禁止，阻止”用于prohibit sb．from doing sth．“禁止某人做某事”。
[句意] 在国际比赛中，声誉如此重要以至于惟一重要的事情就是避免被击败。

19. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not ________ to close examina tion.

A.look up
B.pay up
C.keep up
D.stand up

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。所填短语可以和to close examination搭配，stand up to含义为“经得起，顶得住”，符合句意，所以[D]为答案。[A]look up 和to连用，表示“尊重”；[B]pay up“全部付清”；[C]keep up“(使)继续下去，保持”。
[句意] 尽管那些假钞骗了很多人，但是仍经不起仔细检查。

20. There ought to be less ________ over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than exists in the public mind today.

A.anxiety
B.worry
C.trouble
D.nervousness

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。所填词为不可数名词，并可以被less修饰，[A] anxiety“焦急，焦虑”指一种对未来不确定状况的不安及担忧的状态，符合句意，所以[A]为答案。[B]worry“烦恼，忧虑”指对世俗问题的不断担忧，常用复数；[C]trouble表示“遇到的烦恼、问题或苦难”，被less修饰时用作可数名词；[D]nervousness“神经过敏”。
[句意] 由于感到登山存在危险而产生的焦虑不应当像如今公众心里想的那么多。

21. Every car was stopped and searched, which caused ________ annoyance to the drivers.

A.forceful
B.severe
C.intense
D.aggressive

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。所填词修饰annoyance“烦恼，厌恶”，[C] intense“强烈的，剧烈的”特指感情等强烈的、热烈的，符合句意，所以[C]为答案。[A]forceful“强有力的”；[B]severe“剧烈的”指引起剧烈不适或痛苦的或极其残暴或强烈的；[D]aggressive表示“强烈的，刺目的”，时常指颜色。
[句意] 每一辆车都被要求停下来接受搜查，这引起了司机们的强烈厌恶。

22. The last, and perhaps most troubling possibility for the stock market, would be a (n) economic dive into recession.

A.unexpected
B.casual
C.dramatic
D.theoretical

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。由句中的last可知是最不能的事情，[A]unexpected“想不到的，意外的，未预料到”，符合句意，所以[A]为答案。[B]casual“偶然的，不经意的”；[C]dramatic“戏剧性的，给人印象深刻的”； [D]theoretical“理论的，理论上的”。
[句意] 对股市来说最不可能的，或许最麻烦的事情是经济出乎预料地转入萧条。

23. For workers in small firms employment ________ are very rare, working hours are longer and safety records poor.

A.guarantees
B.reservations
C.securities
D.assumptions

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。所填词和employment搭配，并和working hours，safety records是并列关系，[A] guarantees“保障，保证”符合句意，所以[A]为答案。[B] reservations“限制，保留”；[C] securities“安全”和safety重复；[D]assumptions“假定，设想”。
[句意] 对小公司的工人来说，就业保障非常少，劳动时间较长，安全水平低。

24. Individuals will be ________ for their own personal development plans which will be measured against agreed standards of business performance.

A.reasonable
B.dependable
C.indispensable
D.responsible

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。所填词能用于be～for结构，be responsible for sth．表示“对某事负责”，符合句意，所以[D]为答案。[A]reasonable“合理的，公平的”；[B]dependable“可靠的，可信赖的”；[C] indispensable“不可或缺的，必需的”，be indispensable for sth．表示“对某事是不可或缺的”。
[句意] 个人将对自己的发展计划负责，而这种计划可以通过业务表现的统一标准来测量。

25. A good teacher must know how to ________ his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.

A.display
B.convey
C.transmit
D.illuminate

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。所填动词的宾语为ideas。[B]convey表示“通过语言或者非语言的途径表达或交流”，宾语可以是思想或者感受，符合句意。[A]display“展示，显现”；[C] transmit表示“从某处(人)传递到另一处(人)”，没有表达的意思；[D] illuminate“阐明，说明”。
[句意] 一个好老师必须知道如何向学生传达他的观点，这是教育专家们普遍认同的观点。

26. Animals that could not ________ themselves to the changed environment vanished and those that could survived.

A.change
B.modify
C.adapt
D.conform

A B C D

[解析] 惯用搭配题。所填词与to连用，[C]真adapt“适应”，adapt oneself to sth．表示“使自己适应某物 (新环境等)”，符合句意，所以[C]为答案。[A]change“改变”，[B]modify“修改”和[D]conform“使一致，符合”均不用于～oneself to sth．这一结构。
[句意] 不能适应改变了的环境的动物灭绝了，能适应的动物则生存了下来。

27. Which format a participant should choose will depend upon his or her ________ stage, work situation and individual learning style.

A.employment
B.career
C.vocation
D.profession

A B C D

[解析] 近形近义题。四个选项都和人的职业工作有关，但是用法不一样。[A] employment“雇用”强调的是雇主和被雇人之间的一种关系；[B]career是从人一生的角度看人的经历或职业；[C]vocation“职业，工
作”，强调赖以为生、特别适合或某种宗教倾向。[D]profession“职业，同业”，原指需要渊博学识的职业(如法学、医学、神学等)，但现在泛指可以谋生的任何职业。
[句意] 参与者应该选择哪种形式取决于他或她在职业生涯中所处的阶段、工作情况和个人的学习方式。

28. As it turned out to be a small house party, we need not have dressed up so ________.

A.previously
B.formerly
C.casually
D.formally

A B C D

[解析] 逻辑关系题：因果。既然是一个小的家庭聚会，那么我们是不需要穿得太正式，因此答案选[D] formally“正式地”。[A] previously“先前，以前”是表示时间概念的副词，不能使句意通顺；[B] formerly“从前以前，原来”从词形上进行干扰；[C] casually“随便地”和句意矛盾。need not have done sth．是虚拟语气，表示不需要做的事情却做了。
[句意] 原来足一场小的家庭聚会，我们本不需要穿得这么正式。

29. This is partly because of the importance of the interests ________ in immigration decisions: personal safety and liberty.

A.at odds
B.at stake
C.at liberty
D.at ease

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。所填的短语修饰interests，符合语义要求的为[B]at stake表示“在危险中，成问题”。[A] at odds“争执，不一致”，指人意见不和或者事物不和谐；[C]at liberty“自由，有空”；[D]at case“安逸，自由自在”。
[句意] 这在某种程度上是由在移民决定中涉及到的利益——人身安全和自由——的重要性引起的。

30. One of the distinguishing ________ of modern banking is its dependence on computers.

A.features
B.virtues
C.marks
D.images

A B C D

[解析] 语义连贯题。银行对电脑的依赖是它的一个特征，因此答案选[A]features“特征，特色”。[D] virtues“美德，德行”，常用以指人好的品质；[C]marks“标记，痕迹”；[D]images“形象，意象”。
[句意] 现代银行业一个显著的特征是它对电脑的依赖。

Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fe west possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.
Let children learn to judge their own work. A child who learns to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learning to do all the other things: they learn to do without being taught--at walk, run, climb, ride a bicycle--compare their own performances with those of more skilled people. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let a lone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teachers. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem.
If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine works? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end all this nonsense of grades, exams, marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get on in the world?" Don't worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.

1. S1. According to the passage, what is the best way for children to learn things?

Copying what other people do．

[解析] 细节题。文章提到孩子学说话、走路、骑车等是不需要教的，根据compare their own performances with those of more skilled people可知，最好的方式就是自行与他人比较并进行模仿。

2. S2. What does the author suggest teachers should do but they-haven't done?

Allowing children to judge their own work．

[解析] 细节题。文章第一句说让孩子学会判断自己的行为，文中又说到in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself，由此可知老师应该做却没有做的事情是“让孩子判断自己的行为”。

3. S3. What's the author's opinion towards learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle?

They are basically the same as learning other skills．

[解析] 细节题。文章举例说，孩子学说话需要自己去比较和模仿。In the same way, children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught 说明，学习其他技能也是一样。

4. S4. Students' exams, grades and marks should only be estimated by ________.

the students themselves

[解析] 细节题。先从文章第二段找到出题点：Let's end all this nonsense of grades，exams，marks。然后看上下文会注意到Let him correct his own papers，由此可知作者认为应该由学生自己测评自己的成绩等。

5. S5. The author fears that children will grow up into adults who are ________.

unable to think for themselves

[解析] 推理题。文章第一段中提到，老师认为如果不给学生指出他的错误，那么他就不会留意或改正；这样学生就会变得依赖老师。第二段结尾说，让孩子们学会如何衡量他们的理解能力，如何知晓自己的知之与不知。由此可以推断，作者是担心孩子们长大后没有能力对自己的行为进行思考。

Part Ⅴ Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic College Students' Consumption. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1．上图所示为我国某城市大学生消费结构的比例，请对此进行分析；
2．清说明产生这种现象的原因(可从大学生消费心理的变化加以说明)。
College Students' Consumption

[范文]
College Students' Consumption
In what way do college students spend their money? On this is sue, the above chart tells us a lot.
We know from the chart that money for food and daily commodities, with 34% of the total spending, occupies the largest part of college students' consumption. It is really true that food is the first necessity of man.
Another 16% goes for entertainment and 8% for traveling, which shows that the life of college students is getting more and more colorful. They know not only how to study but at so how to relax as well as enjoy their life.
12% for clothing tells us that college students pay much attention to their appearance and are eager to keep up with the fashion. And there is no denying that the clothing of the college students really helps them show their vitality and personality.
However, 17% for mobile phone fee while only 13% for study provides no reason for us to be optimistic. Of course, we can under stand that mobile phones give us a lot of convenience and help us get in touch with each other easily. But money on mobile phone fee seems a little too much.
In conclusion, we can learn to certain degree the status and trend of college students' consumption from the chart. Basically, their consumption is reasonable and realistic. But some instructions on their consumption are still needed. As our society is developing; the way college students spend their money will be further varied.

[解析] 本文是一篇有关图表的现象解释型议论文。从图表可以看出学生的消费呈现出多样性的特点，可以从正反两方面来分析这种特点。
[写作思路]
第一段；以问句开头，引出图表。
第二段；说明饮食和日用品所占比例大，并分析原因——“民以食为天”。
第三段：分析娱乐休闲和旅游比例大的原因。
第四段：分析服饰所占比例大的原因。
第五段：指出手机费用高出学习花费，这种花费过高。
第六段：总结全文，认为大学生的消费将更加多样化。